THE STEM ISSUE Scientists grew this beef patty in a lab. Lab-grown meat could be the food of the future - Time for Kids
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FEBRUARY 28, 2020 ● VOL . 10 ● NO. 18 EDITION 3–4
THE STEM ISSUE
Scientists grew this beef patty in a lab.
Lab-grown meat could be the food of the future.
timeforkids.com
TH E BRIE F
ANIMAL S
TWO RARE
SEA DRAGONS
By Ellen Nam
Birch Aquarium, in San Diego,
California, announced two new
members of its aquatic family on
February 13. It has hatched a
pair of weedy sea dragons. The
aquarium is part of the Scripps
Institution of Oceanography.
This rare species can grow
STACY REVERE—GETTY IMAGES
to be 18 inches long. It gets
its name from its seaweed-
SLAM DUNK LeBron like appearance. Weedy sea
James scores during
the 2020 NBA All-Star dragons are native to southern
Game, in Chicago. Australia. Due to climate
change and pollution, some
SPORTS have been moved to aquariums
ALL-STAR FACE-OFF
for protection.
Jennifer Nero Moffatt is a
senior director at Birch. “This is
By Shay Maunz
The game served as a tribute a momentous event,” she says.
Basketball stars came together in to Lakers legend Kobe Bryant. “We have spent over 25 years
Chicago, Illinois, on February 16. He and his daughter Gianna working with these animals and
They were there for the NBA All- were among those killed in a love that we have made the next
Star Game. The game has been helicopter crash in January. “His steps to conserve this delicate
played every year since 1951. presence was felt,” James said. species.”
Teams are made of the NBA’s top Players on Team Giannis
players. This year, Team LeBron wore the number 24, Bryant’s
played Team Giannis. The first jersey number. Team LeBron
team was captained by LeBron players wore a 2. That was
BIRCH AQUARIUM AT SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY/AP
James, of the Los Angeles Gianna’s number. She wore it for
Lakers. The other was led by her youth basketball team.
Giannis Antetokounmpo, of the The game had new scoring
Milwaukee Bucks. rules. At the end of the third
quarter, 24 points were added
Stop and Think! to the number of points scored
HOW is the NBA All-Star Game by the leading team, to honor
different from a regular NBA Bryant. This created a target
game? In sports news, the score of 157. The first team to
result is usually reported at the reach 157 would win. It made for NEWBORN This weedy
start of the article. Why does sea dragon hatched
this article end with it? an intense fourth quarter. Team in February.
LeBron won 157 to 155.
COVER: MOSA MEAT
2 Time for Kids February 28, 2020
FOR THE RECORD
CREDIT TK
tweeted VIRGINIA RAGGI, mayor of Rome, Italy, on February 17. She was praising the
recent discovery of an underground shrine dedicated to Romulus. In Roman mythology,
Romulus and his twin brother, Remus, are said to have been the ancient city’s founders.
ABOUT 9FEET
is how many SATELLITES
were launched into orbit
from Kazakhstan on
February 7. The satellites
belong to OneWeb, a
is the length of the largest TURTLE SHELL communications
ever found. It was discovered in South company in London.
America. Scientists announced the find on They’ll bring high-speed
February 12. The turtle, called Stupendemys Internet to areas that have
geographicus, lived about 8 million years ago. low or no connectivity.
DATA By 2028, the number of people in the U.S. employed in STEM (science,
DEEP technology, engineering, and math) jobs is expected to top 10 million.
DIVE Some of these jobs might be new to you. Here,
check out four unique STEM occupations.
Storm chasers Flavor chemists
track extreme use natural and artificial
weather events, such ingredients to create or
as hurricanes and copy flavors. Creativity
tornadoes. They go to and a strong knowledge
the location of a storm of chemistry come in
NEWS STORIES MAY INCLUDE REPORTING FROM THE ASSOCIATED PRESS.
to gather data, which handy when making
can be used to inform flavors for food, drinks,
weather forecasts and vitamins, and other
warnings. items.
SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Pyrotechnicians Cryptanalysts
are engineers who decode secret
design and test fire messages. They
displays, smoke also write codes to
effects, and explosives, protect information
such as fireworks. They from computer
also make sure that hackers. Cryptanalysts
fire is safely handled often work for the
during shows and government, military,
performances. or police.
CLOCKWISE FROM TOP: PAUL AVIS—GETTY IMAGES (MARBLE); MIKE MAREEN—GETTY IMAGES; NGAGA35/GETTY IMAGES (MINT);
MIRAGEC/GETTY IMAGES (BOTTLE); WEERAPAT KIATDUMRONG—GETTY IMAGES; I LOVE PHOTO AND APPLE/GETTY IMAGES GET MORE AT TIMEFORKIDS.COM.
3
COVE R SCIENCE
CHICKEN WITH A TWIST
At a 2017 tasting event in
San Francisco, California,
Memphis Meats serves
fried chicken made from
cellular meat.
Some say cellular meat is good for the planet and
could feed a growing population.
CLOCKWISE FROM LEFT: MOSA MEAT; MEMPHIS MEATS; VYACHESLAV PROKOFYEV—TASS/GETTY IMAGES; DREW ANGERER—GETTY IMAGES
In March 2017, about 25 people were invited to
San Francisco, California, for a tasting event.
BACKGROUND: BESTBRK/GETTY IMAGES (HEXAGONS); KRULUA/GETTY IMAGES (DNA). HEADLINE FONT: VECTORTATU/GETTY IMAGES
On the menu? Fried chicken. “This is some of
the best fried chicken I’ve had,” one guest said.
That compliment was extra special considering
the meat’s source. It had been grown in a lab by
scientists from Memphis Meats. The company
makes meat by extracting cells from animals.
It feeds the cells nutrients. The cells grow and
multiply, forming muscle, which is meat.
Memphis Meats is one of several companies in
the United States making cellular, or lab-grown,
HIGH PRICE meat. Many people think it’s better for the planet
Mark Post, chief than raising animals for food. Others aren’t sure.
scientific officer at
Mosa Meat, reveals
the first lab-grown WHY CELLULAR MEAT?
burger, in 2013. The world’s population may be nearly 10 billion
It cost more than by 2050. That’s according to the United Nations
$300,000 to make.
Power Words
extract verb: to remove something by pulling it out
fossil fuel noun: a fuel formed in the earth by
plant or animal remains
4 Time for Kids February 28, 2020
FOOD SCIENCE Ochakov Food Ingredients Plant is a company in Moscow,
Russia. Here, one of its scientists grows meat from animal cells in a lab.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Eric CHALLENGES AHEAD
Schulze is a vice president at Memphis Meats. Not everyone thinks cellular meat will help the
He thinks feeding that many people will be tough. planet. Alison Van Eenennaam studies animal
“With current meat production methods, there science at the University of California, Davis. She
aren’t enough resources” such as land to do so, says fossil fuels, such as coal, power cellular-meat
Schulze told TIME for Kids. facilities. Burning these fuels releases another gas
Meat production also requires cows. Cows that affects the planet: carbon dioxide. “If we’re
release methane. This gas contributes to climate burning coal so that we can grow cellular meat,”
change. Cows use a lot of space, too. Most of the she asks, “are we going backward?”
world’s farmland is used to grow crops to feed Cellular meat isn’t in stores. Before that can
livestock or for grazing. This leads to deforestation. happen, it needs to be affordable. The first lab-
Cellular meat needs fewer cows and less land. grown burger was produced in 2013. It cost more
Schulze says cells taken in one extraction can make than $300,000 to make. Costs are dropping. But
more meat than “any single animal could ever they can’t yet compete with regular ground beef.
produce.” How much land is needed? “You only That’s about $4 a pound.
need the land required for the facility” where the The U.S. government must also pass regulations
meat is made, says Elliot Swartz of the Good Food to ensure that cellular meat is safely produced.
Institute. This group promotes cellular meat and But it’s unclear how long that will take.
plant-based “meat” (see “Plant Power”). —By Rebecca Mordechai
Some people choose not to eat meat, or to eat less
of it. For them, plant-based “meat” could be a tasty
substitute. To make it, scientists study why meat
looks and tastes the way it does. Then they use
plants to copy these qualities.
Companies like Impossible Foods and Beyond
Meat sell their plant-based products in grocery
stores. You can also find plant-based options
everywhere from fancy restaurants to fast-food
chains such as Burger King, Carl’s Jr., and Dunkin’.
HEAR THE STORY READ ALOUD IN ENGLISH AND IN SPANISH AT TIMEFORKIDS.COM.
5
Power Words
EEDUCATION
DUCATION forensics noun: the scientific study
of the evidence of a crime
sound adjective: free from error
CYBER SLEUTHS GenCyber
students look for
clues at a pretend
crime scene.
JACK BRADLEY
150 around the country. They
are all free for students.
Ibrahim Baggili runs a camp
at the University of New Haven,
As cyberattacks grow common, all rely on having sound in Connecticut. There, students
cybersecurity,” Diane learn the basics of programming
the U.S. is training a new M. Janosek of the NSA told in Python. That’s the coding
generation of security experts. TIME for Kids. language used by many hackers.
But the NSA has a problem: They also learn about cyber
A United States Coast Guard There aren’t enough people forensics and defense.
facility was attacked in trained to do cybersecurity. In one activity, students
December 2019. Its monitoring There will be 3.5 million investigate a crime scene.
systems, cameras, and doors unfilled cybersecurity jobs Physical clues lead them to a
stopped working. The source by 2021. That’s according to a phone number. When they call
of the attack? An employee had 2017 report from Cybersecurity the number, they’re given a
opened an email and clicked Ventures. To help fill the gap, Twitter account. Finally, they
on a link. The link contained the NSA and the National must decrypt a message. To
malware. Malware is software Science Foundation sponsor decrypt a coded message means
that damages computers. cybersecurity camps for to make it readable.
Cyberattacks like this are elementary, middle, and high Cybersecurity is always
becoming more common. school students. The program is changing, Baggili says. “Every
The National Security Agency called GenCyber. day, you’re going to be facing a
(NSA) works to protect the different challenge. Someone
country’s computers from NEXT GENERATION is going to attack you, and you
them. “Banking, health care, The first GenCyber camps have to defend yourself.”
energy, transportation—they opened in 2014. Now there are —By Shay Maunz
GET MORE AT TIMEFORKIDS.COM.
6 Time for Kids February 28, 2020
ME DIA LITE R ACY
A LOOK INSIDE Do you know what happens when you watch a video on YouTube? The site collects data about its users, such as what
kinds of videos they like and which other websites they visit. It uses this data to target viewers with ads.
YOUTUBE TROUBLE
YouTube has been collecting kids’ She studies how kids share
YouTube has agreed to limit
the data it collects on videos for
kids. It will also require content
creators to identify videos made
data, raising privacy concerns. information online. “The for children. This is so YouTube
Internet is so convenient,” she can make sure to follow the law.
Piper Leypoldt, 11, is from says. “It’s easy not to feel a need Advocacy groups say it’s
Durham, North Carolina. She to be careful.” And you never not enough. They say YouTube
watches cooking videos on know who will access your data, should decide if a video is for
YouTube. Piper knows that the she warns: “The harm is a long- kids. Otherwise, “it’s like having
site collects user data, such as term consequence. We can’t see a school playground with no one
her search history. She’s not the danger until it’s too late.” responsible for watching the kids
worried. “Other websites I use and making sure the equipment
at home and school also collect THE DATA TRAIL is safe,” wrote Susan Grant.
my information,” she says. YouTube started in 2005. A She works for the Consumer
But advocates for online year later, Google bought it. Federation of America.
privacy are worried. In The site is built to keep you For now, kids like Piper will
September, YouTube agreed to watching. Artificial intelligence need to decide: Is watching
ILLUSTRATION BY MATT COLLINS FOR TIME FOR KIDS
pay a $170 million penalty. The learns what videos you like and videos on YouTube worth the
Federal Trade Commission recommends similar content. risk? —By Brian S. McGrath
(FTC) said the site collected kids’ The more you watch, the more With reporting by TFK Kid Reporter Nora Wilson-Hartgrove
data and used it to target them ads you see. (YouTube makes
with ads. The FTC says YouTube money by selling ads.) Power Words
did this without parents’ The site also uses bits of data advocate noun: someone who
consent. That made it illegal. that are stored on your device. argues for or supports a cause
Kristen Walker is a professor They can be used to track your consent noun: permission
at California State University. searches across the Internet.
GET MORE AT TIMEFORKIDS.COM.
7
TIME OFF
CODING
HEROES
Kids’ creations come to life in
a new computer game called
SuperMe. The game was designed
GOOGLE AND CHICAGO PUBLIC SCHOOLS
by students in Chicago Public
Schools. To make it, they had
to learn how to code. They also
drew their own superheroes. Then
they used coding to animate the
characters. Chance the Rapper
used SuperMe as the video for
“I Love You So Much,” his song
with DJ Khaled. Chance helped
fund the coding project with Google. you’ve got the ‘cheat code’ for anything you want
Justin Steele is the director of Google.org. He to do—if you want to make music, if you want
spoke with TIME for Kids. “Chance called it ‘the to make art, if you want to make technology,”
cheat code.’ If you can learn computer science, he says. —By Constance Gibbs
MAKING BREAKTHROUGHS
Throughout United States history, black women have faced
discrimination because of both their race and their gender.
Changing the Equation profiles more than 50 black women
who overcame obstacles to become pioneers in the world
of STEM. STEM stands for science, technology, engineering,
and math.
“STEM is the future,” author
TONYA BOLDEN told TFK. She wrote
FROM LEFT: HAYDEN R. CELESTIN; STEPHEN BLUE FOR TIME FOR KIDS
the book to teach readers about the
huge variety of STEM-related careers
they might pursue. The book profiles
doctors, aviators, inventors, and
others.
Bolden documents the many
hardships that these women faced
in their careers. Changing the
Equation is “a celebration of black
women in STEM,” she says.
—By Karena Phan
TIME for Kids Edition 3–4 (ISSN 2156-5007 ) is published weekly from September to May, except for school holidays and two double issues, by Time USA, LLC. Volume #10, Issue #18. Principal Office: 3 Bryant Park, New York, NY 10036. Periodical postage paid at New York, NY, and at additional
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