THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 - OPENING OUR WORLD
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THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019
OPENING OUR WORLD
Throughout history, travel across borders has shaped the world around us. The value of traveling cannot be underestimated. It gives us a new perspective on the world, not only of other countries and cultures, but also our own. It opens our hearts and minds. In 2016, momondo commissioned a global study to explore the value of traveling. We found that people who saw themselves as well-traveled were more likely to trust people from other nationalities, cultures and religions. It showed that travel makes us more trusting and open-minded. This year we carried out a new version of the study and found that the trends remain; travel encourages trust, but we also see signs of a world that is increasingly divided. That current discourse tends more toward separation, rather than unity. Our new study shows that 49 percent believe people are less tolerant toward other cultures than five years ago. momondo is on a mission to open the world. We believe everybody should be able to travel the world, because travel opens our minds and the door to a world where our differences are a source of inspiration and development, not intolerance and prejudice. In the report you are about to read, we dive into four aspects of how travel affects our attitude toward people and cultures different from us. Spoiler alert: There is hope for the future.
MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 3 CONTENTS AT A GLANCE ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. TOLERANCE AND TRUST: TOLERANCE IS KEY FOR BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS ..................................................................................................................................... 5 The world is less tolerant than five years ago..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 We are concerned intolerance will increase........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 7 We believe we can take action to make the world more tolerant..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2. THE EFFECT OF TRAVELING: TRAVEL OPENS OUR HEARTS AND MINDS ................................................................................................................................................... 9 We travel abroad 1.5 times per year on average............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 We believe travel makes us more open-minded................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 Tolerance increases the more we travel..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................12 3. TOGETHERNESS: MORE UNITED THAN DIVIDED .....................................................................................................................................................................................................13 Together countries can solve the challenges of the future...............................................................................................................................................................................................................14 Individuals can bring the world closer together................................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 4. GLOBAL VALUES: TOLERANCE AND RESPONSIBILITY ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Global Values: We want future generations to be tolerant and responsible.................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 METHODOLOGY AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................19 Other notable studies on traveling and tust...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 4
AT A GLANCE
WE ARE BECOMING LESS TOLERANT THE SELF-ASSESSED EFFECT OF TRAVELING
70% 51% 59%
believe traveling has given them
a more positive view about other
believe there would be more
peace in the world if people
believe there would be less
intolerance in the world if
cultures in general. traveled more. people traveled more.
One out of two believe One out of four believe
people are less tolerant tolerance toward people who
today toward other cultures are different from them will
than five years ago. decrease in 2019.
TOLERANCE INCREASES THE MORE WE TRAVEL
AGREEMENT WITH STATEMENT: AGREEMENT WITH STATEMENT:
MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED THERE ARE MORE THINGS UNITING US
AGREEMENT THAN DIVIDING US
WITH STATEMENT: AGREEMENT 69%
WITH STATEMENT: 63% 65%
THERE ARE 69% 49%
MORE THINGS 65% 44% MOST PEOPLE
63%
40% 55% 49%
UNITING US CAN BE TRUSTED 44%
55% 40%
THAN DIVIDING US 27%
27%
Six out of ten say we need to be very careful when dealing with
other people in general. 0 1 2 3+ 0 1 2 3+
0 1 2 3+ 0 1 2 3+
NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR
NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR
WHO WE BELIEVE HAS THE PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY WE BELIEVE YOU AND I CAN MAKE THE WORLD MORE TOLERANT
FOR INCREASING TOLERANCE AND RESPECT
BETWEEN PEOPLE
83% 24% 69%
PEOPLE 56%
POLITICIANS 20%
RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES 9%
PRIVATE COMPANIES 3% believe it is important for countries believe countries in the world are believe they can do something
in the world to stand closer together succeeding in standing together to themselves to solve the
OTHER/DON’T KNOW 12% to solve the challenges of the future. solve the challenges of the future. challenges of the future.1. TOLERANCE IS KEY FOR
BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS
For all humans, tolerance
plays a hugely important role in
our lives. Our ability or willingness
to accept behaviors and beliefs
that are different from our own affects
everything; from simple interactions that build
interpersonal relationship, to working together
across the globe for the good of humanity.
This study points to a growing concern about
intolerance among people across the world.
But the results also show a willingness and
ability for individuals to make a positive
change toward a more
open world.MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 6
THE WORLD IS LESS TOLERANT THAN FIVE YEARS AGO
Half of the respondents believe people are less tolerant today When it comes specifically to people of another nationality than our
toward other cultures than five years ago. own, 47 percent say they trust people of another nationality, but
there is still 43 percent who say they do not trust people of another
Additionally, six out of ten say we need to be very careful when nationality.
dealing with other people in general, leaving just four out of ten
believing most people can be trusted.
PEOPLE ARE LESS TOLERANT TODAY GENERALLY SPEAKING, WOULD YOU SAY TO WHAT EXTENT DO YOU TRUST PEOPLE
TOWARD OTHER CULTURES THAN FIVE THAT MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED, OR OF ANOTHER NATIONALITY?
YEARS AGO THAT YOU NEED TO BE VERY C
AREFUL IN
DEALING WITH PEOPLE?
49%
AGREE OR
59%
NEED TO BE VERY
43%
DO NOT TRUST VERY MUCH
STRONGLY AGREE CAREFUL OR DO NOT TRUST AT ALL
25% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE 38% MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED 47% TRUST COMPLETELY OR TRUST SOMEWHAT
18% DISAGREE OR STRONGLY DISAGREE 3% DON’T KNOW 11% DON'T KNOW
7% DON’T KNOWMOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 7
WE ARE CONCERNED INTOLERANCE WILL INCREASE
According to our study, we consider the world we live in as less in 2019, there’s still one in four (24 percent) who believe tolerance
tolerant than five years ago. And while 29 percent believe tolerance will decrease.
toward people who are generally different to them will increase
IN YOUR COUNTRY, DO YOU THINK PEOPLE’S LEVEL OF TOLERANCE TOWARD THE FOLLOWING GROUPS WILL INCREASE, DECREASE
OR STAY THE SAME IN 2019?
PEOPLE
PEOPLE IN GENERAL
GENERAL PEOPLE
PEOPLE WITH
WITH PEOPLE
PEOPLE WITH
WITH PEOPLE OF
PEOPLE OF
WHO
THAT ARE
ARE DIFFERENT
DIFFERENT DDIFFERENT
IFFERENT RELIGIOUS
RELIGIOUS DDIFFERENT
IFFERENT POLITICAL
POLITICAL D IFFERENT RACIAL
DIFFERENT RACIAL
FROM THEM BELIEFS
BELIEFS OPINIONS
OPINIONS BACKGROUNDS
BACKGROUND
29% INCREASE 27% INCREASE 29% INCREASE 30% INCREASE
24% DECREASE 34% DECREASE 32% DECREASE 30% DECREASE
38% STAY THE SAME 33% STAY THE SAME 32% STAY THE SAME 33% STAY THE SAME
9% DON’T KNOW 6% DON’T KNOW 7% DON’T KNOW 7% DON’T KNOWMOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 8
WE BELIEVE WE CAN TAKE ACTION TO MAKE THE WORLD MORE TOLERANT
Although this study shows a belief that the world has become more When it comes to making a change toward a more tolerant world,
devided, the majority still think we have a lot in common. Over more than half of all respondents believe that the people, you and I,
half (six out of ten) believe there are more things uniting us than have the primary responsibility for increasing tolerance and respect
dividing us, and just 30 percent think more things divide us. between people. This number is consistent across all generations.
WHO DO YOU BELIEVE HAS THE PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY F OR WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS BEST DESCRIBES
INCREASING TOLERANCE AND RESPECT BETWEEN PEOPLE? HOW YOU FEEL ABOUT PEOPLE FROM CULTURES OTHER THAN
YOUR OWN?
PEOPLE 56%
?
POLITICIANS 20%
RELIGIOUS
COMMUNITIES
9%
PRIVATE
COMPANIES 3%
OTHER
ORGANIZATIONS 2%
61% 30% 9%
OTHER 2%
DON’T KNOW 9%
THERE ARE THERE ARE DON’T KNOW
MORE THINGS MORE THINGS
UNITING U S THAN DIVIDING U S THAN
DIVIDING US UNITING US2. TRAVEL OPENS OUR
HEARTS AND MINDS
Through traveling, we
expose ourselves to something
else, something different. According to
our study, getting out of our comfort zones
and interacting with new people can open our
minds and help relieve negative attitudes such as
prejudice and intolerance. Our 2016 study found a
significant positive link between traveling and trust
in people of other nationalities and religions, as well
as trust in other people in general. The connection
was strong, even after controlling for variables such
as gender, income, age and education. Again this
year, the results indicate that traveling increases
openness toward others – supported by belief in
the positive influence of traveling, as well as
a clear correlation between our attitude
toward others and how many times
we travel abroad per year.MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 10
WE TRAVEL ABROAD 1.5 TIMES PER YEAR ON AVERAGE
Although people are generally traveling more than ever, there One out of five travel abroad three times or more per year. On
is still a large part of the world’s population that does not have average, respondents in the study travel abroad 1.5 times a year.
the opportunity to travel abroad. When we look at global travel
patterns, one out of three do not travel outside their home country
in a typical year.
HOW MANY TIMES DO YOU TRAVEL OUTSIDE YOUR OWN COUNTRY TYPICALLY IN A YEAR?
0 33%
1 28%
2 18%
3 9%
4 5%
5 2%
6 1%
7 1%
8 OR MORE 2%
DON’T KNOW 2%MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 11
WE BELIEVE TRAVEL MAKES US MORE OPEN-MINDED
When we asked people in our study about the effects of traveling, In addition, half of all respondents agree that there would be more
the results point to a positive connection between traveling and peace in the world if people traveled more.
open-mindedness. Almost three in four people agree or strongly
agree that traveling has given them a more positive view about Overall, our study indicates that people have great faith in the
people from other cultures in general and about differences and positive effects of traveling.
diversity.
IF PEOPLE TRAVELED IF PEOPLE TRAVELED TRAVELING HAS GIVEN ME TRAVELING HAS MADE ME
MORE THERE WOULD MORE THERE WOULD A MORE POSITIVE VIEW LOOK MORE POSITIVELY
BE MORE PEACE IN THE BE LESS INTOLERANCE ABOUT OTHER CULTURES ON DIFFERENCES AND
WORLD IN THE WORLD IN GENERAL DIVERSITY
51% 59 % 70 % 68 %
STRONGLY AGREE OR AGREE
28% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE
STRONGLY AGREE OR AGREE
23% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE
STRONGLY AGREE OR AGREE
19% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE
STRONGLY AGREE OR AGREE
19% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE
15% DISAGREE OR STRONGLY DISAGREE 12% DISAGREE OR STRONGLY DISAGREE 4% DISAGREE OR STRONGLY DISAGREE 6% DISAGREE OR STRONGLY DISAGREE
6% DON’T KNOW 6% DON’T KNOW 7% DON’T KNOW 7% DON’T KNOWMOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 12
TOLERANCE INCREASES THE MORE WE TRAVEL
The more we travel, the more open-minded we become. In addition In addition, almost seven out of ten people who travel more than
to the self-assessed effect of an increase in tolerance due to traveling three times a year think there are more things uniting us than dividing
that our study points to, it also shows that the more people travel, us when it comes to people from other cultures. The same goes for
the more they tend to recognize and accept people who are different 55 percent of people who do not travel abroad in a typical year.
from them.
Two out of four people who travel three times or more on average
per year state that most people can be trusted. Only one out of four
who do not travel outside their home country in a typical year state
the same.
MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED THERE ARE MORE THINGS UNITING US THAN DIVIDING US
AGREEMENT WITH STATEMENT: AGREEMENT WITH STATEMENT:
MOST PEOPLE CAN BE TRUSTED THERE ARE MORE THINGS UNITING US
THAN DIVIDING US
AGREEMENT
WITH STATEMENT: AGREEMENT
69% 69%
THERE ARE 63% 65% WITH STATEMENT: 63% 65%
49% MOST PEOPLE
49%
MORE THINGS 44% 44%
55% 55%
UNITING US 40% CAN BE TRUSTED 40%
THAN DIVIDING US
27% 27%
0 1 2 3+ 0 1 2 3+
NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR
0 1 2 3+ 0 1 2 3+
NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR NUMBER OF TRAVELS ABROAD IN A YEAR3. MORE UNITED THAN DIVIDED
Our study indicates a
concern among people across
the globe about a rise in intolerance,
but also a positive connection between
traveling and tolerance. We believe traveling
makes us more open-minded and capable of
seeing our differences as sources of inspiration
instead of prejudice. This can in turn lead to greater
unity and the opportunity to overcome global
difficulties together.
The majority think there is a need for both nations and
people to stand closer together to fight the challenges
of the future. In addition, we strongly believe that
we can do something ourselves to bring the world
closer together. All this considered, there is
a strong foundation for both nations and
individuals to make a positive change
toward a world more united than
divided.MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 14
TOGETHER COUNTRIES CAN SOLVE THE CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE
Our study points to a disparity between how essential people countries in the world to stand closer together to solve
think a united world is in order to face global difficulties and how the challenges of the future. But only one in four believes
well they think nations are overcoming this challenge. More than they are succeeding in this. This indicates a wish among
three out of four believe it is important or extremely important for people for countries to do more to unite the world.
HOW IMPORTANT DO YOU BELIEVE IT IS FOR COUNTRIES IN HOW SUCCESSFUL DO YOU BELIEVE THE COUNTRIES IN
THE WORLD TO STAND CLOSER TOGETHER TO SOLVE THE THE WORLD ARE IN STANDING TOGETHER TO SOLVE THE
CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE? CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE?
83%
EXTREMELY IMPORTANT
24%
EXTREMELY SUCCESSFUL
OR IMPORTANT OR SUCCESSFUL
11% SOMEWHAT IMPORTANT 28% SOMEWHAT SUCCESSFUL
3% NOT VERY IMPORTANT OR 43% NOT VERY SUCCESSFUL OR
NOT IMPORTANT AT ALL NOT SUCCESSFUL AT ALL
4% DON’T KNOW 5% DON’T KNOWMOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 15
INDIVIDUALS CAN BRING THE WORLD CLOSER TOGETHER
The majority in our study believe there is a need for the world’s Only four percent don’t think it is important. Of all respondents,
countries to stand closer together. In addition, the results indicate 69 percent completely agree, agree or somewhat agree that they
we think individuals also have a responsibility and an opportunity to can do something themselves to bring the world closer together.
contribute to this. More than three-quarters believe it is important Only 12 percent don’t think they can act on an individual level to
or extremely important for people in the world to stand closer unite the world.
together to solve the challenges of the future.
HOW IMPORTANT DO YOU BELIEVE IT IS FOR PEOPLE IN I CAN DO SOMETHING MYSELF TO BRING THE WORLD CLOSER
THE WORLD TO STAND CLOSER TOGETHER TO SOLVE THE TOGETHER
CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE?
78%
EXTREMELY IMPORTANT
69%
COMPLETELY AGREE, AGREE
OR IMPORTANT OR SOMEWHAT AGREE
15% SOMEWHAT IMPORTANT 15% NEITHER AGREE NOR DISAGREE
4% NOT VERY IMPORTANT OR 12% SOMEWHAT DISAGREE, DISAGREE
NOT IMPORTANT AT ALL OR COMPLETELY DISAGREE
3% DON’T KNOW 4% DON’T KNOW4. T
OLERANCE AND
RESPONSIBILITY
Across countries, we
share certain values and
agree that these values are
important to pass on to future
generations.
Our study shows that tolerance and
respect for other people, together
with responsibility, are universal
values that we perceive as the
most important to pass on to
our children.MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 17
GLOBAL VALUES:
WE WANT FUTURE GENERATIONS TO BE TOLERANT AND RESPONSIBLE
Our study clearly shows that tolerance and respect for other Of the respondents, 66 percent consider responsibility to be an
people is the primary value for people across all countries. More important quality for children to learn at home, while almost half
than two out of three people believe this is an especially important see independence as an important value to teach future
value to pass on to their children. Responsibility comes in second. generations.
HERE IS A LIST OF SOME OF THE QUALITIES THAT CHILDREN CAN BE ENCOURAGED TO LEARN AT HOME.
WHICH, IF ANY, DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT? PLEASE CHOOSE UP TO FIVE.
TOLERANCE AND RESPECT FOR OTHER PEOPLE 67%
FEELING OF RESPONSIBILITY 66%
INDEPENDENCE 47%
DETERMINATION, PERSEVERANCE 41%
UNSELFISHNESS 39%
HARD WORK 38%
SELF-EXPRESSION 36%
IMAGINATION 32%
THRIFTINESS, SAVING MONEY AND BELONGING 28%
OBEDIENCE 23%
RELIGIOUS FAITH 14%
NONE OF THE ABOVE 1%
DON’T KNOW 2%METHODOLOGY AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
MOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 19
METHODOLOGY
The study consists of answers from 7,300 respondents in total, specialized in valid data collection across the world. Respondents are
with approximately 400 respondents from each of the following 18 demographically representative regarding gender, age and region.
countries: Australia, Brazil, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, The data collection took place from February 25 to March 6, 2019.
Italy, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden,
Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The margin of sampling error at the 95% level of confidence is +/-1.5
for the global report (7,300 respondents) and +/-4.9 for each country
The study was conducted by Radius, an independent, Danish-based (400 respondents). This means that 95 times out of 100, when a
research, communication and strategy consultancy with more than sample of this size and composition is drawn, findings will not differ
15 years’ experience in turning research and analyses into valuable more than 1.5 percentage points in each direction for the total
insights for companies and organizations all over the world. sample, and plus minus 4.9 percentage points within each country.
Data was collected through an online questionnaire to ensure a global In short, this points to an overall strong validity for the results of
representation of respondents in the study. Professional translators the survey.
translated the questionnaire into 13 different native languages of the
18 countries surveyed. The online questionnaires were distributed The study is a repetition of the “Value of Traveling” study conducted
via Cint’s panels in each country. Cint is a software company in 2016. Results from the 2016 study can be found here
7,300 RESPONDENTS
18
CO U N T R I E S T R A N S L AT E D I N TO 1 3 D I F F E R E N T
N AT I V E L A N G UAG E SMOMONDO – THE VALUE OF TRAVELING 2019 20
OTHER NOTABLE STUDIES ON TRAVELING AND TRUST
Several studies have already investigated the sociological effects that experimental designs are the primary tool to identify causal
of traveling. Some of the more notable studies are listed in the relationships, i.e. whether traveling increases trust or that trustful
table below. Most of these studies point to the fact that traveling people tend to travel more. The fact that at least two of the
and intergroup contact increase open-mindedness in terms four studies establish a causal effect of traveling on trust using
of trust. It is important to note that many of these studies are experimental designs suggests that open-mindedness can be
based on experiments. Many social scientists agree on the fact increased by traveling more.
AUTHORS UNIVERSIT Y TITLE METHOD FINDINGS
Brannon & Walton (2013) Stanford University, USA How Intergroup Contact Reduces Social experiments with 51 students Intergroup contact increased
Prejudice by Sparking Interest in an from North American universities positive attitudes toward people
Out-Group’s Culture with another cultural background
Cao, Galinsky & Maddux (2013) Northwestern University, USA Does travel broaden the mind? A combination of longitudinal studies Social trust increases with number of
Columbia University, USA Breadth and foreign experiences and experiments with 237 North countries visited
INSEAD, France increase generalized trust American students as participants
Scarinci & Pearce (2011) Northwood University, USA The perceived influence of travel Statistical comparisons between Traveling leads to people being more
James Cook University, Australia experiences on learning generic travelers and non-travelers on a independent, more open-minded and
skills range of generic skills across 90 feeling comfortable around all kinds
students from Northwood University of people
in the US
Tadmor, Galinsky & Maddux (2012) Tel Aviv University, Israel Getting the Most Out of Living Statistical comparisons between Bicultural people (identif ying
Northwestern University, USA Abroad: Biculturalism and Integrative bicultural and unicultural students. with more than one culture) tend
INSEAD, France Complexity as Key Drivers of Between 54 and 100 students to be more creative, have more
Creative and Professional Success participated in these studies professional success, and so onYou can also read
