Year 7 Essential Knowledge for Cycle Two 2020-2021 - Name: _ Form Group
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Year 7
Essential Knowledge for Cycle Two
2020-2021
• Name: ________________________
• Form Group: ___________________
Ambition Determination Respect
Contents
Page Number
Your Essential Knowledge Booklet and Knowledge Organisers Introduction 1
Using Your Essential Knowledge Booklet for homework and revision 2
How can I become an independent learner? 3
Computing 4-5
Drama 6-7
English 8
French 9
Geography 10-12
History 13
Maths 14-17
Music 18
RE 19-20
Science 21-24
Spanish 25
Ambition Determination Respect
Your Essential Knowledge Booklet and Knowledge Organisers
Knowledge Organisers contain essential knowledge you must know. This will help you recap, revisit
and revise what you have learnt in lessons in order to remember this knowledge for the long-term.
You must have this Essential Knowledge Booklet for every lesson – it is a key part of your equipment.
Note to parents:
This booklet contains the essential information your child must know if they are to be successful in their learning. The booklet is not a complete record of
everything that will be taught and discussed in lessons, but it contains the foundations of everything your child will learn. Your child will complete much of
their remote learning using this booklet; they will need to learn sections of it and be prepared to recall them when asked to by their class teacher. You can be
of immense help to your child as they seek to learn all the information that follows. For example, you could test them on the sections they have completed
and return to those parts they have struggled to learn. Making this booklet part of your routine at home will have a profound effect on your child’s grades at
school.
Please also consider supporting your child to extend their learning and memorisation of this essential knowledge even further through:
• supporting their independent research of these topics
• encouraging further reading around the subject matter
• taking the opportunity to explore much of this content through trips to museums and exhibitions in London and beyond.
Many thanks in advance for your support.
Miss McAuley and the teachers at Walthamstow Academy
Ambition Determination Respect 1
Using your Essential Knowledge Booklet for homework and revision
whilst at home:
1. Read a section of your knowledge organiser
2. Minimise the screen with the knowledge organiser on
3. Write or type out what you’ve remembered on a piece of paper or blank document
4. Maximise the screen and check the knowledge organiser to see if you’re right
5. Repeat this process
Ambition Determination Respect 2
How can I become an independent learner?
• Read actively: Pay close attention to the words you are reading and their meaning.
• Read widely and ambitiously: Your knowledge organiser contains the foundations
of knowledge for Assessment Cycle 1. Speak to your teachers and Ms Sutton in the
LRC to seek out books, articles or websites you can read to deepen your
knowledge of a topic and places you can visit to see what you are learning about in
action.
• Different sources: When doing research, try to draw from a variety of different
sources. Research is NOT accessing www.wikipedia.org = remember that ANYONE
can edit a Wikipedia webpage to say anything they want it to say…
• Be determined: If a task is challenging, don’t give up. Keep at it until you
understand what you need to do.
• Seek help where necessary: Asking for support and advice is an important part of
independent learning. If you need help, ask for it!
• Discussions: If you want to explore a topic, discuss it with your friends or peers.
This could help you think about an aspect of the topic you hadn’t considered
before.
Ambition Determination Respect 3
Computer Science Department - Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7 - HTML
HTML key words HTML basic structure
1 HTML Hyper Text Mark-up Language We use basic HTML to create webpages, this code will create a heading and paragraph.
2 Tags Code which commands how a browser displays text and HTML Tutorial
images.
This is a heading
3 Browser Program in which websites are displayed. This is a paragraph.
4 Hyperlink A piece of text which when clicked takes you to another
page.
Align text
HTML Navigation
To navigate a webpage we create links using “href”, we then put these in a list using and
Index
Page1
Computing Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- SCRATCH GAME
Sprite movement Change background Key words
1 Game Each part or feature of your game.
elements
2 Graphics The way things look in your game, sprites and
backgrounds.
3 Gameplay How fun and / or challenging your game is to play.
Sprite movement
4 Coding The way you have programmed your game using script
Broadcast blocks.
5 Annotation Labelling the features of your game / level.
(labelling your design – explaining each element in detail)
6 Success What your game needs to have for it to be a success.
Criteria
7 Objectives The aim / purpose of the game (or level).
8 Broadcast A script used to activate other scripts during a project
Score without needing a user prompt (i.e. a key press or mouse
click).
9 Stage The playable area / the screen.
10 Background The image which is like the wallpaper of the stage.
Sprite position
11 Variable A ‘storage box’ used in programming to record data.
12 Sprite A programmable object in Scratch.
13 Script A block of programming code in Scratch.
AUTHOR: JBR JULY 2020
Ambition Determination Respect 5
Drama Department –Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Ernie’s Incredible ‘Illucinations’
1: Ernie’s Incredible ‘Illucinations’ 2: Performance Evaluation
1 Alan Ayckbourn ❑ British playwright and director who has written 1 Step 1 ❑ Analyse / identify one positive aspect of
and produced more than 70 full-length plays. performance.
2 1969 ❑ When Ernie’s Incredible Illucinations was written 2 Step 2 ❑ Justify why that was effective.
with the intention of being performed by schools.
3 Step 3 ❑ Explain its impact on the audience (how it made
3 Stage directions ❑ An instruction in the play text indicating how the
actor should perform. you feel, expanded your understanding, what it
communicated).
4 Multi-role ❑ When the performer takes on the role of more
than one character in a play.
4 Step 4 ❑ Analyse / identify one area for improvement.
6 Sight-read ❑ Performing while reading the play without having
learned the lines.
5 Step 5 ❑ Explain why that was unsuccessful.
7 Accent ❑ The distinctive way of pronouncing language so
that is it associated with a particular place or social
class.
6 Step 6 ❑ Suggest a strategy to help improve the work.
8 Staging ❑ The space the play is performed in: proscenium
arch, traverse, in the round, promenade.
Thrust In the round
Proscenium Arch Traverse
Ambition Determination Respect Author: SGL – Jan 2021
6
Drama Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Midsummer’s Nights Dream
3: Scripted performance for assessment: 4: Key terms
1 Vocal emphasis ❑ To give extra weight to or stress key words or
lines. This can be achieved either through pitch,
volume, length or emotional tone.
2 Heightened ❑ To strengthen, deepen or intensify the character
characterisation by creating an extreme emotion.
3 Unrequited love ❑ Affection that isn’t reciprocated; the feelings are
not mutual.
Vocal emphasis and heightened characterisation script:
Author: SGL – Jan 2021
Ambition Determination Respect 7
English Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- War Poetry
1 The poems that we will study: 3 Key Structure Terminology
1 Does it Matter? Siegfried Sassoon 1 Rhyme ❑ (of a word, syllable, or line) have or end with a sound
that sounds like another.
2 Dulce et Decorum est Wilfred Owen 2 Rhythm ❑ A pattern of stressed and unstressed beats across a
poem, including end stops, enjambment and caesura.
3 Anthem for Doomed Youth Wilfred Owen 3 Rhyming couplet ❑ Two consecutive lines of poetry ending with rhyming
words.
4 A Dead Boche Robert Graves 4 Blank verse ❑ Poetry which comprises of non-rhyming lines of 10
syllables each.
2 Subject Terminology 5 Stanza ❑ A verse of poetry.
1 Enjambment ❑ the continuation of a sentence without a pause
beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.
4 Context- To Research:
2 Caesura ❑ a pause near the middle of a line through ❑ Why was it called a World War (who was fighting whom)?
punctuation. ❑ Conditions in the trenches in World War I.
❑ How many lives were lost in battle?
❑ How many lives were lost to secondary causes such as disease?
3 Personification ❑ Giving inanimate objects human characteristics/
❑ Changing public attitudes to warfare as a result of WW1 poems and poets.
features.
4 Metaphor ❑ Something representative or symbolic of something
else.
5 Simile ❑ Comparing two things using like or as .
AUTHOR: YNI March 2019
6 Plosive Alliteration ❑ the repetition of the short, sharp consonant sounds.
The following letters are plosive: t, k, p, b, d, g.
Ambition Determination Respect 8French Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7
AUTHOR: LAS JULY 2020 Ambition Determination Respect 9Geography Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Rivers
Ambition Determination Respect 10Geography Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Rivers
5 TYPES OF EROSION 6 MEANDERS & OXBOW LAKES – KEY TERMS
1 Hydraulic action ❑ The sheer force of the water causing erosion. 1 Meanders ❑ The river eroding in a lateral direction (across).
2 Corrosion ❑ The acids in the water causing erosion. 2 Deposition ❑ When the river loses energy and drops the sediment it
is carrying.
3 Abrasion ❑ Material carried by the river scrapes along the river ❑ Happens on inside, slow part of a bend, forming a slip-
bed/banks. off slope.
4 Attrition ❑ The river load hits into each other, breaking down into 3 Erosion ❑ Happens on the outside, fast part of the bend, forming
smaller pieces. a river cliff.
4 Oxbow lake ❑ An isolated horseshoe-shaped bend, that forms when
8 FLOODPLAINS & LEVEES two outside bends of a meander meet.
❑ Over time this will dry out and fill with vegetation.
7 FORMATION OF AN OXBOW LAKE
1 ❑ When the river floods, the water covers the flood plain. Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
❑ Meanders erode laterally, ❑ Two meanders erode until ❑ The river joins up to take a
2 ❑ The transported river material (silt) will be deposited on the land. faster at the outside bend. the outside bends meet. new, shorter route.
❑ The neck of land is getting ❑ This leaves an isolated
3 ❑ Smaller material will travel further out and will provide fertility for the soil.
narrower. horseshoe-shaped bend
❑ Heavier material will be dropped on the river bank, forming levees. (the oxbow lake).
4
AUTHOR: HJA NOVEMBER 2020
Ambition Determination Respect 11Geography Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Rivers
9 CAUSES OF FLOODING 11 RIVER FLOODING IN BOSCASTLE
1 Physical ❑ Steep slopes.
❑ Impermeable rock. 1 When? ❑ November 2009
❑ Saturated ground.
2 Where? ❑ Boscastle, Cornwall, South-West England
❑ Snow melt.
❑ Heavier than average rainfall. 3 Causes ❑ Physical factors: a massive downpour of rain (1.4
❑ Meanders. million litres) in 2 hours. The soil was already
saturated from previous rain, which increased surface
2 Human ❑ Deforestation.
run off.
❑ Impermeable surfaces, e.g. tarmac and concrete.
❑ Human factors: Boscastle has experienced building on
❑ Urbanisation.
flood plains and some deforestation.
❑ Bridges and pinch points.
❑ Climate change, leading to changes in intensity of
rainfall and rising sea levels. 4 Impacts ❑ Social: Zero deaths, 6 people injured. 58 properties
were damaged, meaning people had to stay in
caravans for 6 months during repairs.
10 FLOOD DEFENCES ❑ Economic: 25 businesses were flooded, costing £25
1 Hard engineering ❑ Dams and reservoirs – control the flow of the river. million in repairs. Four bridges were destroyed,
methods ❑ Widening and deepening the river – holds more causing a decline in tourism and trading.
water. ❑ Environmental: 75 cars washed into the river, causing
❑ Embankments (levees) – raise the height of river fuel to leak into the river and sea, damaging habitats.
banks so it can hold more water. 5 Responses ❑ Immediate: 7 helicopters sent in to rescue people
❑ Overflow channels – take excess water away from from roofs of their homes. Community centre used as
populated areas. an evacuation centre, providing food and safety.
❑ Straightening the channel – allows the river to ❑ Long term: Rivers were widened and deepened, so
move more quickly past certain locations. they could hold more water, and straightened in
2 Soft engineering ❑ Afforestation – planting trees to increase certain places to give the river a more direct route
methods interception. back to the sea. Car park was rebuilt on higher
❑ Flood zonation – placing certain buildings in ground. Wider span bridges were built, so water can
particular flood return periods. pass through.
❑ Flood warnings – sirens and messages which warn
people to evacuate and move expensive items to
safety (e.g. upstairs in their home).
AUTHOR: HJA NOVEMBER 2020
Ambition Determination Respect 12History Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- The Norman Conquest
1: KEYWORDS 2: Key themes and features of the Norman Conquest:
1 Anglo-Saxons ❑ The people who lived in England before the Normans. 1 Continuity ❑ After the conquest William attempted to retain Anglo Saxons in positions
and change: of power and provide continuity. However soon rebellion broke out
2 Normans ❑ People from a region in North France called amongst the A-S nobles and William had to act.
Normandy. 2 Bayeux ❑ This was a symbol of William’s victory over the Anglo-Saxons, a visual
3 Bayeux Tapestry ❑ 70 metre long embroidery depicting William's Tapestry:. reminder that he had defeated Harold G in battle and was the legitimate
conquest of England. king. Overall William successfully controlled England through fear, and
feudalism.
4 Conquest ❑ Taking control of a place through military force.
3 Castles: ❑ When William arrived at Pevensey Castle he brought a castle across the
5 Motte and ❑ First Norman forts built, a symbol of power. They had sea to install. This provided his army with security and shelter.
bailey castle artificial mounds, a moat and wall for defence. Everywhere William’s army went they erected Motte and Bailey castles
as a symbol of William’s strength. Especially in the north where there
were growing problems.
6 Domesday book ❑ William’s account of who owned what, to raise tax.
4 Rebellions: ❑ These escalated soon after 1066 throughout the kingdom. In 1071
Harewood the Wake rebelled in East Anglia and a myth was born
7 Feudal system ❑ The structure of society where land was exchanged
although he did not resist for long.
for service and loyalty.
5 Harrying the ❑ Rebellion broke out in 1069 north of York. William responded with fury
North: and he burned and massacred the population belonging to the rebels. He
8 Monarch ❑ A king or queen.
killed all their animals and burned their crops which led to thousands of
innocent people left starving.
9 Fealty ❑ A pledge of loyalty from a vassal to their lord.
6 Feudalism: ❑ William began replacing Anglo Saxon nobles and bishops with Norman
Barons and Bishops. In return for land they promised William an oath of
10 Noble ❑ Member of the nobility, land and titles passed down. fealty (loyalty). This provided William with security so that he could
govern England from Normandy.
11 Barons ❑ The highest rank of medieval society, ruling land 7 Domesday ❑ With threat of invasion looming in 1085 William responded by wanting
directly on behalf of their king. survey: an audit of the wealth of England. He sent commissioners around to
every village and the recorded the wealth of every lord in the country
including animals; peasants, ploughs and buildings.
The Battle of William is Harrying Normans replace Bishop Odo Domesday book William I dies &
3: Timeline of key Hastings crowned king of of the Saxon barons & commissions Bayeux is commissioned William ‘Rufus’ AUTHOR: VPA
events October 1066 England North bishops 1069 Tapestry c.1077 1086 II is King 1088 OCTOBER 2020
December 1066 1069
Ambition Determination Respect 13Maths Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Fractions and Decimals
7.08 Techniques for fractions as part of a whole
1 Simplify Fractions Multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same number.
2 Mixed numbers Whole number x denominator then add the numerator to your answer.
3 Improper Fractions How many times does the denominator go into the numerator?
7.09 Techniques for adding and subtracting fractions
1 Adding and subtracting fractions Common denominators.
2 Adding mixed numbers Whole number + whole number and fraction + fraction.
3 Subtracting mixed numbers Convert to improper.
7.10 Compare and order fractions, fraction/decimal equivalence
1 Order fractions Same denominator.
2 Fraction to decimal Make denominator 100.
3 Percentage Out of 100.
4 Percentage to decimal Divide by 100.
5 Ordering fractions decimals and percentage Convert all to decimals first.
7.11 Fractions as an operation
AUTHOR: SUR JANUARY 2021
1 Fraction of a quantity Divide by denominator and times the answer by numerator.
2 Integer to fraction 4
Write over 1 e.g. 4 =
1
3 Numerator = denominator 4
Will always equal to 1 e.g. 4 =1
Ambition Determination Respect 14Maths Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
7.12 Order of Operations 7.14 Expand and Factorise
1 BIDMAS B: Brackets e.g. 2 + 3 x 2 = 2 + 6 = 8 1 Expand Use ‘bridges’ to open brackets
I: Indices e.g. put brackets to make brackets E.g. expand 6 (x + 2 ) = 6x + 12
D Division equation true:
M: Multiplication 4 + 2 x 8 = 48 2 Factorise Opposite of expanding – add brackets to an
A: Addition Ans: (4 + 2) x 8 = 48 expression by finding HCF of both terms.
S: Subtraction e.g. factorise 6x + 12 = 6 (x + 2)
e.g. factorise 6x + 12y + 3 = 3 ( 2x + 4y + 1)
7.13 Basic Rules of Algebra
1 Multiply ab in place of a × b 7.15 Substitution & sequences
2 Collect like terms 3y + 2x in place of y + y + y + x + x 1 Substitution Replace unknown letter with a number
3 Powers aᶾ in place of a × a × a e.g. if x = 2, find:
2x = 2 x 2 = 4
4 Variable Letter e.g. ‘a’ representing the unknown in an
x+5= 2+5=7
expression.
x2 = 22 = 4
5 Expressions Collection of numbers, variables and symbols e.g. -x = -2
3x + 2
6 Equations Has an equals sign e.g. 3x + 2 = 8 2 Linear sequence Has a constant term to term rule
7 Inequalities
e.g. 3,8,13,18 ….. (term to term rule: + 5 )
e.g. -1,-3,-5,-7…… (term to term rule: -2 )
3 nth term rule Difference multiplied by n + the 0th term
e.g. 3,5,7,9 nth term = 2n + 1
8 Formula An equation with 2 or more variables. e.g. .3,8,13,18 nth term = 5n-2
9 Terms Separated by +, -, x or ÷
AUTHOR: SUR JANUARY 2021
Ambition Determination Respect 15Maths Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
7.16 ANGLES 7.17 Quadrilaterals
1 Acute Less than 90o • All sides equal
Square • Two pairs of parallel sides
2 Right angle Exactly 90o
• All angles equal (900)
3 Obtuse Greater than 90o and less than 180o
4 Reflex Greater than 180o
Rectangle • Opposite sides equal
5 Angles on a straight line add up to 180o • Two pairs of parallel sides
• All angles equal (900)
6 Angles around a point add to 360o • All sides equal
Rhombus • Two pairs of parallel sides
7 Vertically opposite angles are equal • Opposite angles equal
Parallelogra • Opposite sides equal
8 Angles in a triangle add up to 180o • Two pairs of parallel lines
m • Opposite angles equal
9 Angles in a quadrilateral add up to 360o
Trapezium • One pair of parallel sides
10 Base angles in an isosceles triangle are equal
Kite • Two pairs of adjacent sides
equal
• No pairs of parallel sides
7.17 Triangles • One pair of opposite angles
Equilateral • All sides equal Scalene • No sides equal equal
• All angles equal (60o) • No angles equal
Isosceles • Two sides equal Right-angled • One right angle 7.17 POLYGONS
• Two base angles equal • Can be isosceles Triangle Hexagon Nonagon
or scalene 3 6 9
4 Quadrilateral 7 Heptagon 10 Decagon
AUTHOR: SUR JANUARY 2021 5 Pentagon 8 Octagon
Ambition Determination Respect 16Maths Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
7.18 Symmetry and Reflection 7.19 COORDINATES
1 Line of ❑ When a line divides a shape into two pieces which 1 Co-ordinates (x, y): ❑ They are used to give positions on a
Symmetry are mirror images of each other. graph.
2 Reflection in a ❑ When an object is reflected in a line, its size, shape
mirror line and distance from the line all stay the same.
(x , y)
(Along the corridor , up the stairs)
3 Order of ❑ The order of rotational symmetry of a shape is the
Rotational number of positions you can rotate (turn) the 2 Axes ❑ There are 2 axes (x and y).
Symmetry shape into so that it looks exactly the same ❑ The horizontal axis is the x-axis
❑ and the vertical axis is the y-axis.
3 Quadrant ❑ Quadrant: A graph has four different
regions called quadrants.
4 Origin ❑ The point (0,0)
AUTHOR: SUR JANUARY 2021
Ambition Determination Respect 17Music Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- African Drumming
1 Instruments 3 - Rhythm Grids
1 Djembe ❑ A single-headed, goblet-shaped drum that is played
with the hands.
2 Dunun ❑ A large double-headed drum played with a stick.
3 Talking drum ❑ A drum played with a hooked stick also containing a
string that can be tightened and loosened to alter the
pitch.
4 Agogo ❑ A bell-like instrument that can produce two pitches.
5 Shekere ❑ A type of shaker made from a dried, hollowed gourd
with beads woven into a net.
2 Musical Features
1 Polyrhythm ❑ The combination of several different rhythms.
2 Call and response ❑ One person shouts or plays a 'call', and the rest of the
performers (or audience) respond. 4 - Djembe Technique (3 sounds)
3 Improvisation ❑ Made up on the spot.
4 Ostinato/ostinati ❑ Short repeated pattern/s.
5 Virtuoso ❑ Someone who possesses outstanding technical ability.
AUTHOR: PAD JAN 2021
Ambition Determination Respect 18RE Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Christianity
1 Christianity 3 Christian beliefs
1 Bible ❑ Sacred book for Christians containing both the Old 1 Advent ❑ Advent is the time when Christians get ready to celebrate
and New Testaments. Jesus’ birth. It begins four Sundays before Christmas and
ends with Christmas Day itself. The word ‘advent’ means
2 Church ❑ The Holy People of God, also called the Body of Christ,
‘coming’: it is a period to reflect on God’s coming to
among whom Christ is present and active.
earth.
❑ Members of a particular Christian
denomination/tradition. 2 Resurrection ❑ The event celebrated on Easter Day of Jesus rising from
❑ A building in which Christians worship. the dead, an event recorded in all four gospels and the
central belief of Christianity.
3 Denomination ❑ A branch of the Christian Church e.g. Roman Catholic,
❑ The form that many Christians believe the afterlife will
Protestant etc.
take, referring to either physical or spiritual bodies.
4 Holy Trinity ❑ The belief that there are three Persons in the One
3 Incarnation ❑ The doctrine (teaching) that God took the human form as
God. The Father, Son and Holy Spirit are separate, but
Jesus.
are also one being.
4 Redemption ❑ Deliverance of Christians from sin and captivity.
5 Gospels ❑ The message concerning Christ, the kingdom of God,
and salvation – the word gospel means “good news.” 5 Salvation ❑ Saving the soul and deliverance from sin and admission to
heaven brought about by Jesus.
2 Jesus
❑ A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual
4 Christian practices
1 Parable
lesson, as told by Jesus in the Gospels. 1 Sacrament ❑ Rites and rituals through which a believer receives a
special gift of grace. An ‘outward’ sign of ‘inward’ grace.
2 Mission ❑ Literally ‘sent out’. It refers to the duty of Christians
to spread the gospel (the good news about Jesus). 2 Baptism ❑ The sacrament through which people become members
❑ Jesus Christ as the redeemer of sin and saver of souls. of the Church. Baptism involves the use of water as a
3 Saviour
symbol of the washing away of sin. It is a rite of initiation.
4 Miracle ❑ A seemingly impossible event, usually good, that
3 Communion ❑ A sacrament celebrating the sacrificial death and
cannot be explained by natural or scientific laws, and
resurrection of Jesus, observed using bread and wine.
is thought to be the action of God.
4 Confirmation ❑ A sacrament practised by several Christian
5 The new ❑ Jesus said “a new command I give you: love one
denominations. The word means strengthening or
commandment another. As I have loved you, so you must love one
deepening a person's relationship with God.
another.” (John 13:34)
AUTHOR: LHA JANUARY 2021
Ambition Determination Respect 19RE Department – Cycle 3 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Islam
1 Islam Keywords 3 Islamic Beliefs
1 Islam ❑ Islam is a monotheistic faith. This means that Muslims only 1 The Five Pillars of 1. Shahadah (Faith): To believe in no God but Allah and
believe in one God (Tawhid- There is only one God). Islam Muhammad (pbuh) is his prophet.
❑ Islam means “peace” and a Muslim is someone who submits 2. Salah (Prayer) : Muslims pray 5 times a day.
him/herself to the will of God. 3. Sawm (Fasting): Muslims fast during the month of
Ramadan.
2 Qur’an ❑ The holy book revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibril; 4. Zakah (Almsgiving): Muslims give charity to the poor
God’s final revelation to humankind. (2.5%).
3 Mosque ❑ A building in which Muslims worship. 5. Hajj (Pilgrimage): Muslims are to perform a pilgrimage
to Makkah at least once in a lifetime.
4 Traditions in ❑ Sunni: Muslims who believe in the successorship to
2 Sunni Islam – The Six 1. Allah is the one and only god (Tawhid).
Islam Muhammad of Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali.
articles of faith. 2. Belief in angels.
❑ Shi’a: Muslims who believe in the imamate, the
successorship of Ali. 3. Authority of the holy books.
4. Belief in Allah’s prophets.
5 Hadith ❑ The collection of sayings of the Prophet Muhammad. 5. Belief in the Day of Judgement.
6 Shari’ah ❑ Islamic law based on the Qur’an Sunnah and Hadith. 6. The supremacy of God’s will.
3 Shi’a Islam – The 1. Prophethood.
Five principles of
2 Prophets and Angels in Islam religion.
2.
3.
Tawhid.
The Imamate.
1 Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) ❑ The last and the greatest messenger. 4. The Justice of God.
❑ The Prophet Muhammad is the key figure in Islam and 5. Resurrection.
the one who has been the most influential for Muslims.
In Islam, he is the Seal of the Prophets sent by God and
it is through him that the foundations of Islam were laid
down.
4 Islamic Practices
1 Birth Aqiqah Ceremony: This includes shaving of the baby’s hair: the hair is then
2 Ibrahim ❑ Ibrahim fulfilled all the tests and commands given to weighed, and sadaqah (charity) is given dependent upon the rate of silver on
him by God, and so he was promised to be the father of the day. An animal sacrifice is also carried out and the baby's name is
all nations. In the Qur’an Ibrahim is presented as a role declared.
model because of his obedience to God, his kindness Life after Muslims believe in Akhirah (life after death). In Islamic belief, a person will be
and compassions and his refusal to worship idols.
2
death judged by God, who will declare their Akhirah to be in Heaven or Hell,
(Akhirah) depending on the good or bad deeds they have done.
3 Angels ❑ Jibril - He revealed Allah’s words (Qur’an) to
3 Jihad Jihad (struggle): There are two types, the personal struggle to live a good
Muhammed. He also revealed messages to other
prophets. He is known as the angel of revelation. life and the struggle to defend Islam against its critics.
❑ Mika’il - He rewards righteous people for the good they 4 Khalifa Muslims believe that Allah created humans and trusted every person to be
do during their lives on earth. responsible for not only their own lives, but the lives and their family, for the
planet, animals, the environment and the rest of humanity.
AUTHOR: LHA JANUARY 2021 Ambition Determination Respect 20Science Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7-Reproduction
1 MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 3 PREGNANCY AND GESTATION
❑ Produce gametes (sex cells) called sperm. 1 Placenta ❑ An organ attached to the uterus lining during pregnancy
1 Testes
❑ Make male hormones. which provides the developing foetus with all the
nutrients and oxygen it needs to grow.
2 Glands ❑ Produces a fluid which is mixed with sperm. The 2 Umbilical cord ❑ The tube which passes blood, oxygen and nutrients from
mixture of sperm and fluid is called semen. the placenta to the foetus through its navel.
3 Sperm ducts ❑ Takes the sperm from the testes to the penis. 3 Foetus ❑ The name given to a unborn baby after 8 weeks of
development.
4 Urethra ❑ Semen passes through this during ejaculation.
4 Amniotic fluid ❑ Clear yellowish liquid that surrounds and protects the
5 Penis ❑ Passes urine and semen out of a man’s body. foetus during pregnancy.
5 Fertilisation ❑ The process where the nucleus of a sperm joins (fuses)
with the nucleus of an egg to produce a zygote.
❑ The early stage of the development of a foetus (unborn
2 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 6 Embryo
baby); after the zygote divides a small number of times.
1 Ovaries ❑ Contain hundreds of undeveloped female gametes 7 Zygote ❑ Fertilised egg cell.
(sex cells) called ova (egg cells). 8 Gestation ❑ The period of time for the foetus to fully develop from
conception to birth.
2 Oviducts ❑ Connect the ovary to the uterus; lined with cilia.
❑ Every month an egg develops, becomes mature and 9 Stages of Gestation ❑ Fertilisation → Zygote → Embryo → Foetus → Baby →
is released from an ovary to the uterus. Birth
❑ A muscular bag with a soft lining.
3 Uterus
❑ Where a baby develops until birth.
4 MENSTRUAL CYCLE
1 Menstrual cycle ❑ Cycle lasting approximately 28 days during which the uterus
4 Cervix ❑ A ring of muscle at the lower end of the uterus. thickens then breaks down and leaves the body if the egg is not
❑ Keeps baby in place during pregnancy. fertilised.
2 Menstruation ❑ Also known as a ‘period’.
5 Vagina ❑ Muscular tube leading from cervix to the outside of a ❑ Is the bleeding from the vagina caused by the uterus wall
woman's body. breaking down.
❑ The penis enters the vagina during sexual ❑ This takes place between days 1- 5 of the cycle.
intercourse. ❑ The release of a mature egg from the ovary.
3 Ovulation
❑ The egg travels through oviduct towards the uterus on day 14 of
the cycle.
MHN - NOVEMBER 2018
Ambition Determination Respect 21Science Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Chemical Reactions
1 Chemical change ❑ When a substance changes into something new (an 12 a) Endothermic ❑ Heat energy being taken in during a reaction.
irreversible reaction). b) Exothermic ❑ Heat energy being given out during a reaction.
13 a) Acid ❑ A substance with a pH below 7.
2 Physical change ❑ When a substance changes but can return back to b) Alkali ❑ A substance with a pH above 7.
its original state (a reversible reaction). c) Hazard ❑ Symbol to show how a substance can cause harm.
d) Corrosive ❑ ‘Eats’ away at substances when in contact with them.
3 Catalyst ❑ A substance which speeds up a reaction without ❑ A substance with a pH of 7.
being used up itself. e) Neutral
14 a) Indicator ❑ A substance that shows whether something is acidic
4 Reactants ❑ Substances that react together. or alkaline.
b) Litmus paper ❑ An example of an indicator – changes to red with acid
5 Products ❑ Substances that are made when reactants react or blue with alkali.
together. c) Universal ❑ An example of an indicator – changes colour to show
indicator how strong or weak an acid or alkali is.
6 Chemical equations ❑ Shows the reactants and products of a chemical 15 pH scale ❑ A range of numbers to show how strong or weak an
reaction. acid or alkali is (7 = alkali, 7 = neutral).
16 Neutralisation ❑ This is what happens when an acid and an alkali react
7 Conservation of ❑ Explains that the total mass of the reactants is together – they form a salt and water.
mass equal to the total mass of the products formed
17 Salts ❑ The product formed when acids and alkalis or acids
(there is no loss in mass).
and bases react together.
8 Combustion ❑ The burning of a substance / fuel.
reactants products
9 Fossil fuels ❑ Coal, oil, gas – these are made from long-dead
plants & animals and can be used as fuels for
AUTHOR: NCN OCTOBER 2018
combustion.
10 Oxidation ❑ Reacting oxygen with a substance to form an oxide.
11 Thermal ❑ When a reactant is broken down into products
decomposition using heat.
Ambition Determination Respect 22Science Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Forces
1 - KEYWORDS KEYWORDS
1 Force ❑ Push or pull
❑ Always act in pairs with each force acting in the
14 Constant velocity ❑ Moving at the same, steady speed.
opposite direction
❑ Contact or Non-contact 15 Stationary ❑ Not moving
2 Interaction pair ❑ An object exerts a force on another object and vice
16 Balanced forces A pair of forces that are equal in size.
versa.
3 Moment ❑ The turning effect of a force around a pivot.
17 Unbalanced forces ❑ A pair of forces where one force is larger than
the other force.
4 Moment equation ❑ M=Fxd
❑ Moment = Force x distance 18 Limit of ❑ The point at which an elastic material will not
proportionality return to its original shape.
5 Elastic material ❑ Will change shape when a force is applied but will
return to its original shape when the force is
removed.
6 Non-elastic material ❑ Will change shape when a force is applied but will
stay in its new shape when the force is removed.
7 Hooke’s Law ❑ The extension of an elastic object is directly
proportional to the force applied to it.
8 Hooke’s Law ❑ F=ke
Equation ❑ Force = Spring Constant x Extension
9 Law of conservation ❑ Energy is neither created nor destroyed, only
of energy transformed from one type to another.
10 Different energy ❑ Thermal, sound, electrical, gravitational potential,
types elastic potential, nuclear, chemical, light, kinetic.
11 Deformation ❑ Changes in an object’s shape due to a force being AUTHOR: NCN JULY 2019
applied.
12 Resultant force ❑ The overall force acting on an object.
13 Velocity ❑ How quickly an object is moving.
Ambition Determination Respect 23Science Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser
Year 7- Ecological Relationships and Classification
1 - Key definitions 2 - Food chains
1 1 Food chains ❑ A food chain shows the different species of an
Environment ❑ All the conditions surrounding a living organism.
organism in an ecosystem, and their feeding
2 relationships.
Habitat ❑ The place where an organism lives.
❑ Usually starts with producers.
3 Population ❑ All members of a single species living in a habitat. 2 Producer ❑ Usually a plant, because plants make carbohydrates
through photosynthesis.
4 Community ❑ All populations of different organisms living in a habitat. 3 Primary Consumer ❑ Usually a herbivore.
❑ These are usually prey for predators.
5 Ecosystem ❑ The community and the habitat in which organisms live.
4 Secondary ❑ Secondary consumers are usually carnivores.
Consumer ❑ Carnivores are predators. Predators hunt, kill and eat
6 Consumer ❑ An organism that eats other organisms, usually an animal. other animals.
5 Tertiary Consumer ❑ A Tertiary consumer is at the top of the food chain and
7 Photosynthesis ❑ A process that plants use to make glucose for energy. known as the apex predator.
❑ Apex predators are prey to no animal. They have no
8 Herbivore ❑ A consumer that eats only plants. predators who hunt, kill and eat them in their food
chain.
9 Carnivore ❑ A consumer that eats only animals.
3 - Natural Selection - model answer to be written in
10 Omnivore ❑ A consumer that eats both plants and animals. prose.
11 1 Individuals in a species show variation.
Predator ❑ An animal that hunts and eats other animals.
2 Some of this variation is inherited by genes being passed on.
12 Prey ❑ An animal that is eaten by a predator. 3 Individuals who are best suited to the environment are more likely to survive and
reproduce.
13 Variation ❑ Differences between organisms of the same species 4 The genes that allow these individuals to be successful are passed to their offspring.
14 Extinction ❑ When there are no more individuals of a species left. 5 Over many generations these small differences cause evolution of species.
15 Biodiversity ❑ Having a wide range of different species in an ecosystem. 6 Given enough time, a population may change so much it may even become a new
species, unable to reproduce successfully with individuals of the original species.
AUTHOR: MHN NOVEMBER 2018 Ambition Determination Respect 24Spanish Department – Cycle 2 Knowledge Organiser AUTHOR: LAS JULY 2020 Ambition Determination Respect 25
You can also read
