2021 International Cosmos Prize Request for Recommendation - The Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind
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2021 International Cosmos Prize
－The Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind－
Request for Recommendation
https://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp
Recommendation Guidelines of the Prize
1. Subject matter of the Prize
The prize shall be awarded for outstanding research work and/or achievement concerning all life phenomena on earth
embodied in flowers and greenery, which is devoted from a global perspective to the clarification of the true nature of
the interrelationship and integration among such life forms. Specifically, the field of activity or research nominated for the
prize must address the fundamental need for mankind to learn to live with nature in a constructive, and not a destructive,
manner. Such activities are wide ranging and span all aspects of the symbiosis of man and nature. The research or
activities should contribute to the promotion of "The Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind" and meet
the following criteria:
Field
①The prize will be awarded for a demonstrably outstanding individual or group contribution, in pure or applied research,
in a wide spectrum of activities including the natural and social sciences and the humanities.
②|t may also be awarded for critical, philosophical, or aesthetic works related to the subject matter of the prize as defined
above.
Important Requirements
①The work nominated should advocate a global outlook, and have a universal significance, even if it pertains to
particular regions or phenomena.
②|t is more important that the contribution open vistas for future intellectual long-term activities than that it seek to solve
specific problems now.
③The work must be based on appropriate comprehensive and unified methodology.
2 . Eligibility
No distinction shall be made based on nationality, race, sex or creed of the prizewinner.
However, only living persons are eligible.
Self-nomination is NOT accepted.
3 . Recommendation Procedure
You can recommend in the following ways.
Media Usage How to Send
Paper form After fill out the enclosed paper, please send it back by reply envelope, e-mail attachment or fax.
WEB form Please select each way from our web site's article "International Cosmos Prize 2021 Web Recommendation"
OR https://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp/english/
Microsoft Word Password：It indicates in e-mailed recommendation procedure
・It is possible to recommend more than one candidate.
Should you need more copies, please make photocopies of the form provided.
・We request that you include supporting documentation, if any, attesting to the relevant work undertaken by the candidate.
We regret that none of the materials we receive can be returned.
4 . Effective Period of Candidacy
Candidacy for the Prize will be effective for three years from receipt of the recommendation.
The candidates recommended in 2018 would usually expire in 2020, which is the 3rd year.
But the selection in 2020 was postponed in consideration of the continuing spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Under these circumstances, the 2018 candidates are decided to be valid in 2021, which is the 4th year.
5 . Deadline for Receipt of Recommendations
Recommendations should be sent not later than April 9, 2021.
6 . To submit recommendations or make inquiries, please contact:
Cosmos Prize Secretariat
The Commemorative Foundation for International Garden and Greenery Exposition,
Osaka, Japan, 1990 (Expo '90 Foundation)
2-136, Ryokuchi-koen, Tsurumi-ku, Osaka 538-0036, Japan
Tel : +81-6-6915-4513 Fax : +81-6-6915-4524
E-mail : rec-cosmos@expo-cosmos.or.jp
https://www.expo-cosmos.or.jp/english/
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PRIZEWINNERS 2019-1993 (Titles at the time of awarding the prize.)
2019 Prize winner 2014 Prizewinner
Prof. Stuart L. Pimm Dr. Philippe Descola
Doris Duke Professor of Conservation Ecology, Duke University, USA Professor, the Collège de France, France
Professor Stuart L. Pimm’s mathematical models have established the theoretical basis for understanding the Dr. Descola, a distinguished anthropologist, has conducted rigorous eldwork among the indigenous Achuar people living
complexities of food webs, the speed of species extinction and other such factors critical to the conservation of ecological in Amazonia, South America, highlighting their view of nature and activities in interacting with the natural environment.
habitats worldwide. He has established the non-profit foundation, “SavingNature” (formerly called “SavingSpecies”) to On the basis of his findings, Dr. Descola has developed a philosophical concept and proposed the "anthropology of
take this work on conservation science into practical application in the field by supporting local groups in their habitat nature." which considers nature and culture in an integrated manner.
conservation activities and directing biodiversity conservation policy formulation based on scientific foundations.
Pimm’s contributions through this marriage of theory and practice in the field of habitat and species preservation are
most impressive.
2018 Prize winner 2013 Prizewinner
Dr. Augustin Berque Dr. Robert Treat Paine (Deceased)
Director of studies at the EHESS (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales), France Professor emeritus of Zoology, University of Washington, U.S.A.
Profoundly inspired by Fūdo, authored by the Japanese philosopher WATSUJI Tetsurō, and by further elaborating, Dr. Robert Treat Paine has demonstrated, through explicitfield experiments, that predators play essential roles in the
deepening and evolving Watsuji's concept of Fūdo, Dr. Berque organized his own thinking about landscapes and stable maintenance of biotic communities. He proposed the concept of the keystone species, which plays a crucial
scenery, so as to develop a new academic discipline called "mésologie." Moreover, based on the theoretical results role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community. He has had great impact not only on ecology, but also on
of mésologie, he proposed a theory about the subjecthood of nature, which holds that nature has subjectivity, while conservation biology, as well as on the general public’s understanding of biodiversity.
critically overcoming anthropocentrism in the nature-culture dualism and environmental ethics.
2017 Prizewinner 2012 Prizewinner
Dr. Jane Goodall Dr. Edward Osborne Wilson
Founder, Jane Goodall Institute, U.K. Pellegrino University Research Professor Emeritus at Harvard, U.S.A.
Dr. Goodall has been studying wild chimpanzees since 1960 so as to paint a fuller picture of chimpanzees. She has Dr. Wilson has accomplished outstanding achievements in his research into the natural history of ants and ethology. He
conducted afforestation programs to provide habitats for chimpanzees, and an environmental educational project. has focused his scientific perspective and experience on helping to illuminate the human circumstance, including human
She began Roots & Shoots, environmental learning program by young people. More than 150,000 groups are actively origins, human nature and human interactions. Dr. Wilson has also been active in practicing biodiversity conservation
working in 99 countries under this program. and environmental education.
2016 Prizewinner 2011 Prizewinner
Dr. IWATSUKI Kunio Scientific Steering Committee of the Census of Marine Life,
Professor emeritus, The University of Tokyo, Japan Secretariat:U.S.A.
Dr. Iwatsuki has continually pursued the goal of biodiversity, and developed plant systematics in an inclusive and The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) of the Census of Marine Life (CoML) provided overall
multifaceted manner, by adopting not only traditional methodologies but also molecular phylogenetic techniques. He governance to the CoML, a grand global project. The objective of the Census was to survey and analyze
advocated the importance of an integrated understanding of biological classification including phylogenetic systematics. changes from past to present in marine life biodiversity, distribution and abundance, and to compile the
Dr. Iwatsuki has also clarified that this approach is the essential principle which supports the abundance of life forms resultant data into a comprehensive database called the “Ocean Biogeographic Information System
and Harmonious Coexistence between Nature and Mankind. (OBIS),” to be used in forecasting the future of marine life.
2015 Prizewinner 2010 Prizewinner
Dr. Johan Rockström Dr. Estella Bergere LeopoldⅡ
Executive Director, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden Professor Emeritus, Department of Biology, University of Washington, U.S.A.
Dr. Rockström cautioned that we have reached a saturation point in terms of human pressures on Earth System, and Dr. Estella Leopold has made tremendous achievements by continuing and further developing the Land Ethic, which
that if we let these anthropogenic pressures continue increasing to cross the thresholds or tipping points defined as was initiated by her father, Aldo Leopold (1887-1948), as well as by disseminating the idea to many places in the United
“Planetary Boundaries,” there is a risk of irreversible and abrupt environmental change. States. She is still pursuing activities that weave the Land Ethic into the fabric of people’s lives and society.
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2009 Prizewinner 2004 Prizewinner
Dr. Gretchen Cara Daily Prof. Julia Carabias Lillo
Professor, Stanford University, U.S.A. Professor, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico
Dr. Gretchen Daily is a researcher who has provided us with a comprehensive picture of the value of biodiversity- Professor Carabias has taught courses in environmental science at UNAM, while continuing her research into tropical
based ecosystem services, upon which human society is dependent. She has made a vital contribution to international forest regeneration, natural resource management and environmental conservation. She served as a principal member
initiatives such as the U.N. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, and played a leading role in launching the “Natural of the Commission that published the report “For Earth’s Sake” during the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro.
Capital Project,” which is a result of the fusion of ecology and economics, in order to promote the sustainable utilization She successfully developed practical programs that can help lift people out of poverty while protecting the natural
of natural capital. environment. These programs have earned international recognition since they can be applied to developing countries
worldwide.
2008 Prizewinner 2003 Prizewinner
Dr. Phan Nguyen Hong Dr. Peter Hamilton Raven
Professor Emeritus, Hanoi National University of Education, Vietnam Director, Missouri Botanical Garden, U.S.A.
A leading authority on the mangrove ecosystem in Asia, Dr. Phan has been involved in comprehensive scientific Dr. Raven is one of the first botanists in the world to advocate the conservation of biodiversity. Focusing attention on
research in Vietnam, where war and overdevelopment have had a devastating impact on its mangrove ecosystem. seriously endangered species around the world, he has held since the 1960s that preserving biological diversity is
He has made a major contribution to the restoration of the mangrove forests. The Can Gio district, in particular, is an essential to the survival of human beings. His other major achievements include his wark at the Missouri Botanical
unprecedented example of the successful restoration and conservation of a mangrove forest. Garden, the oldest botanical garden in the United States, which had fallen into decline until he came along and turned it
around into a world-class institution of botanical research and education, as well as the important role he has played in
developing public awareness about science.
2007 Prizewinner 2002 Prizewinner
Dr. Georgina Mary Mace (Deceased) Charles Darwin Research Station
Director and Professor, NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, U.K. Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
A leading authority in conservation biology, Dr. Mace has brought to people’s attention the threats to nature caused by Since its founding in 1964, the Charles Darwin Research Station has engaged in a vast array of activities
human activities and has greatly contributed to the conservation of species and biodiversity. She has also been working and made remarkable achievements, ranging from research on land and marine species and ecology, to
on a long-term plan to reduce the risk of extinctions. Notably, she played a significant role in the creation of scientific the conservation of the islands’ natural resources, to environmental education and worldwide information
criteria for the identification and classification of threatened species. Her achievements have provided a theoretical basis sharing. CDRS combines scientific research on the evolution of life forms with environmental protection.
for the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources As one of its major contributions, it has helped inspire people around the world to contemplate the
(IUCN) and enable the IUCN Red List to be applied effectively under the Washington Convention. evolution of life on Earth.
2006 Prizewinner 2001 Prizewinner
Dr. Raman Sukumar Prof. Anne Whiston Spirn
Professor, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, India Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, U.S.A.
Dr. Sukumar has made and implemented many proposals on biodiversity conservation and the preservation of the Prof. Spirn’s basic principle in regional planning is that “cities should not conflict with nature, but can be built instead
natural environment in India, where the population and urbanization rate are rapidly increasing. Dr Sukumar’s research as part of nature.” In 1998, she published a noteworthy book entitled “The Language of Landscape”, in which she
on the ecological relationship between humans and elephants and the resolution of conflicts between them has been emphasized the view that mankind can sustain or create beautiful environments through better interactions with nature.
internationally recognized as pioneering work in the little explored field of the coexistence of wildlife and humans. Consistently underlying all of her achievements is her philosophy: “urban areas harmoniously coexisting with nature.”
2005 Prizewinner 2000 Prizewinner
Dr. Daniel Pauly Sir David Attenborough
Professor and Director, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada Producer, Naturalist, Zoologist, U.K.
While he started his career on developing methods for the management of marine resources in the tropics, Dr. Pauly Sir David Attenborough is a pioneer of documentary films about nature and is one of the greatest producers of this
has widened his inquiry to investigate the long-term impact of fishing on the marine ecosystems of the world. This has century. His films have aired not only in Europe, but also in many countries around the world and are highly regarded.
led to a number of published insights, methods, software and databases which are now widely used in the marine These films feature not only beautiful images of rare life-forms and unique ecologies, but also a clear perspective with a
science and fisheries community. These have made Dr. Pauly a prominent spokesman for marine conservation, and for deep understanding and straightforward approach to the essentials of global life such as evolution ecology, struggles for
a transition to ecosystem-based management of fisheries. existence and the interdependence of life-forms. All of his work has deep awe and respect for life on the globe and the
quest for a true vision of life.
−5− −6−1999 Prizewinner 1994 Prizewinner
Dr. Wu Zheng-Yi (Deceased) Dr. Jacques François Barrau (Deceased)
Professor and Director Emeritus, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Professor, Paris National Museum of Natural History, France
Dr. Wu has been continuously researching plant species diversity in China and East Asia for over 60 years. He edited Growing up in New Caledonia in the South Pacific, Dr. Barrau became very interested in the Pacific Islands. After
Flora of China, a work consisting of 80 volumes that covers plant species diversity in China, one of the most diversified graduating from university in France, Dr. Barrau spent 20 years in New Caledonia conducting ethnobiological studies
areas of the world in terms of plant species. from various perspectives on the nature of the islands and the life of the islanders in Oceania, including Micronesia,
Since the 1950’s, when the relationship between plants and human beings was not widely recognized as a social issue, Polynesia, and Melanesia. In particular, his study of edible plants on the Pacific Islands drew international praise.
Dr. Wu has analyzed in great detail natural habitats in China where rich flora biodiversity exists, making contributions to
the conservation of biodiversity.
1998 Prizewinner 1993 Prizewinner
Dr. Jared Mason Diamond Sir Ghillean Prance
Professor, University of California at Los Angeles, U.S.A. Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K.
Dr. Diamond has studied evolutionary biology and biogeography based on fieldwork he has conducted, while also An authority on tropical plants, especially those of South America’s Amazon basin, Sir Prance has been promoting his
pursuing research at the UCLA School of Medicine on the physiology of organisms. He has conducted fieldwork, mainly Flora-on-the-Earth Project, whose aim is to establish a comprehensive record of the Earth’s vegetation in the form of a
in New Guinea, for over 40 years and published many papers on the relationship between wildlife and human beings. database. While at the New York Botanical Garden, and later in 1988 as Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
Based on this fieldwork, Dr. Diamond broadened his interests to encompass global human ecology and restructured the he was involved in extensive educational activities regarding the relationship between plants and humans, and on the
history of human development by region, from 13,000 years ago to the present. He published “Guns, Germs, and Steel: ethnobotany of the tribal people of South America.
The Fates of Human Societies”, a book which has been drawing worldwide attention for considering a new perspective
on human development based on regional differences.
1997 Prizewinner
Dr. Richard Dawkins
Professor, Oxford University, U.K.
Dr. Dawkins has had a tremendous impact on the world of biology through his book “The Selfish Gene”, published in
1976. He claimed that all living beings on earth appear, exist and advance as a result of an endless competition of
genes. It was quite a bold hypothesis, overturning the accepted understanding of biology at the time.
Dr. Dawkins’ claim has shed new light on theories of biological evolution and prompted worldwide discussions within the
fields of biology and genetic research.
1996 Prizewinner
Dr. George Beals Schaller
Director of Science, the Wildlife Conservation Society, U.S.A.
Dr. Schaller has conducted field research on the ecology and behavior of various wild animals in all parts of the world.
Not only in the form of academic articles, but also through the publication of many books available to the general public,
such as “The Mountain Gorilla” and “The Last Panda”. The results of his work have significantly contributed to the
development of zoological research.
1995 Prizewinner
Dr. KIRA Tatsuo (Deceased)
Professor Emeritus, Osaka City University, Japan
Starting from his early work on the ecological classification of climates, which described in quantitative terms the parallel
distribution of global climates and vegetation types, Dr. Kira undertook unique attempts at quantitatively formulating
various ecological processes. Shortly after the end of World War II, he began research on the tropical forest ecosystems
of Southeast Asia (Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia and Indonesia), playing a pioneering role in this field. He was
especially concerned with the organic matter production of plant communities, mainly forests, and thereby contributed
much to the establishment of “Production Ecology” as a new field of ecology.
−7− −8−International Cosmos Prize Committee (as of April, 2020)
Chairperson Dr. OIKE Kazuo President, Kyoto University of the Arts
Vice-Chairperson Dr. YAMAGIWA Juichi President, Kyoto University
Member Dr. AKIMICHI Tomoya Director General, Fujisan World Heritage Center
〃 Dr. ASASHIMA Makoto Research Professor, Teikyo University
〃 Dr. IKEUCHI Satoru Professor Emeritus, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies
〃 Dr. ISOGAI Akira Professor Emeritus, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
〃 Dr. TAKEUCHI Kazuhiko President, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies
〃 Dr. NAKANISHI Tomoko President, Hoshi University
〃 Dr. NISHIZAWA Naoko President, Ishikawa Prefectural University
〃 Dr. HAYASHI Yoshihiro Director General, National Museum of Nature and Science
〃 Dr. WASHITANI Izumi Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
〃 Dr. WADA Eitaro Professor Emeritus, Kyoto University
Advisor Dr. KISHIMOTO Tadamitsu Project Professor, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka
University
〃 Dr. NAKAMURA Keiko Honorary Director General, Biohistory Research Hall
International Cosmos Prize Screening Committee of Experts (as of April, 2020)
Chairperson Dr. HAYASHI Yoshihiro Director General, National Museum of Nature and Science
Member Dr. IKEBE Konomi Professor, Graduate School Environmental Science and
Landscape, Chiba University
〃 Dr. IKEYA Kazunobu Professor, National Museum of Ethnology
〃 Dr. Monte Cassim President, Graduate School of Leadership and Innovation,
Shizenkan University
〃 Dr. KAMEZAKI Naoki Professor, Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama
University of Science
〃 Dr. SAKURA Osamu Professor, Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, The
University of Tokyo
〃 Dr. Kevin Short Former Professor, Department of Environmental Information,
Tokyo University of Information Sciences
〃 Dr. SHIRAYAMA Yoshihisa Associate Executive Director, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
〃 Science and Technology
〃 Ms. TSUJI Atsuko Project Professor, Chubu University
〃 Dr. MURAKAMI Noriaki Dean, Faculty of Science, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo
Metropolitan University
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