Benchmark Report 2019 - South African Pome Fruit - Hortgro
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Benchmark Report 2019
South African Pome Fruit
Introduction
The 2019 Confronting Climate Change (CCC)
industry benchmark process builds on 2017 - 2018 Combined season data:
datasets and provides a meaningful platform for the 2011 - 2018
South African fruit and wine industries to improve
their understanding of the use of fossil fuel-based
Farm Packhouse CA Store Cold Store Distribution
resources and to reduce emissions over time.
The seven years combined season data (2011 –
2018) for pome fruit was used for the assessment
and was analyzed based on the following business
boundaries: farm, packhouse, cold store, CA store
and distribution.
About the benchmark data
The CCC benchmark reports use combined season data from 2011 – 2018 to provide an industry-specific CO2e
benchmark. Users who calculate their carbon footprint using the CCC online carbon calculator have the option
to submit their data for grading. This grading is undertaken by the CCC technical team who work with the user
to ensure that all data is correctly entered and accurately reflects the entity’s operations. In order to ensure
the quality and accuracy of the benchmark results, only graded datasets are included in the benchmark
calculation.
The benchmark values are determined using the mean value of graded datasets in the CCC database. To further
ensure the accuracy of the benchmark, values falling beyond 1.5 times the standard deviation of the mean of
the normally distributed dataset are considered outliers and are excluded from the benchmark calculation. All
results are shown in the internationally accepted form of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per unit (kg
CO2e/kg fruit). More detailed information can be requested from the Confronting Climate Change Initiative.
FARM CO2e BENCHMARK
From 2011 to 2018 the CCC database
(incl. graded + ungraded data) has Which regions participate in
grown to cover 8772 unique hectares the CCC Initiative?
of pome farms in South Africa. This
Industry CCC
represents 24% of the pome industry Ha Ha
%
in the country. Somerset West 355 307 86%
Stellenbosch 99 50.5 51%
10000
Mpumalanga 187 78.0 42%
2017
8000 Villiersdorp/Vyeboom 4934 1460 30%
2016
Hectare coverage
Ceres/PA Hamlet 12003 3214 27%
6000 2015 Elgin/Groenland/Grabouw 7902 2102 27%
2014 Paarl 108 28.4 26%
4000 Freestate 472 93.0 20%
2013
Langkloof 6261 1021 16%
2000 2012 Piketberg 535 81.4 15%
2011 Wolseley/Tulbagh 1527 214 14%
0
How do we compare against other commodities?
10 0.5
tonnes CO2e/bearing hectare
8 0.4
kg CO2/kg fruit
6 0.3
4 0.2
2 0.1
0 0
Wine Wine Citrus Citrus (soft) Stone fruit Pome fruit Table
grapes (red) grapes (hard) grapes
(white)
Land-use
0.21 kg CO2e/kg fruit Change
Agro- 1% Fuel
chemicals 20%
kg CO2e/ kg fruit (graded datasets)
0.5
5%
Diesel:
0.4 428 L /bearing
Fertilizer Farm hectare
0.3 18% CO2e
"Hotspots"
0.2
Electricity
56%
0.1 Nitrogen:
121 kg /bearing
hectare
0
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Electricity:
Benchmark Years 4694 kWh /bearing
hectare
PACKHOUSE CO2e BENCHMARK
Fuel Waste
0.13 kg CO2e/kg fruit
0.4 2% 1%
0.35
Electricity
(graded datasets) 0.3
kg CO2e/ kg fruit
0.25
27%
0.2 Packhouse
0.15 CO2e
0.1
"Hotspots"
0.05
0 Packaging
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 70%
Benchmark Years
Where are the CO2e emissions from
packaging coming from? Electricity is the
second highest
46.5 kg corrugated contributor to packhouse
cardboard/tonne fruit CO2 emissions after packaging.
1 Average consumption is 29.5
kWh/tonne fruit stored.
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Currently, 100% of the
Cardboard Corrugated Cardboard (Cartons) electricity used by participating
Disposable Wooden Pallets Paper (Labels) packhouses is grid electricity.
PS (Polystyrene) LDPE (Low density polyethylene)
Other plastic Other
COLD STORE & CA STORE CO2e BENCHMARK
Cold Store: CA Store:
0.4 0.16 kg CO2e/kg fruit 0.6 0.22 kg CO2e/kg fruit
0.35
0.5
kg CO2e/ / kg fruit
(graded datasets)
0.3
(graded datasets)
kg CO2e/ kg fruit
0.25 0.4
0.2 0.3
0.15
0.2
0.1
0.05 0.1
0 0
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Benchmark Years Benchmark Years
0.23%
Coldstore 99.7% 0.10%
Where are
the CO2e 0.01%
CA Store 99.9%
“hotspots”? 0.12%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Electricity Refrigerant Leakage Direct Fuel
HOW CAN I MANAGE MY CO2 EMISSIONS?
Reducing your CO2 emissions at farm level does not necessarily require capital intensive
investments into renewable energy or highly efficient farm equipment. The way that you
manage your farm also has the potential to bring your CO2 emissions down.
Trends in data submitted to the CCC initiative show how improvements in electricity,
fertilizer and diesel efficiencies can result in a significant reduction in carbon emissions. As
shown below, on an individual farm basis, improvements in input efficiency can result in
carbon savings of 1.93 tonnes CO2e per bearing hectare.
18
800 2900
from electricity, diesel and fertilizer
Total tonnes CO2e/bearing hectare
L (Diesel)/kg (Fertilizer) per
kWh per bearing hectare
600 2800 17
bearing hectare
400 2700
16
200 2600
15
0 2500
2014 2015 2016
14
Nitrogen fertilizer Diesel Electricity
2014 2015 2016
PROJECT PARTNERS
Disclaimer: The results shown in this report represent the approved data points of the CCC pome fruit sample group
representing combined data from the seven year seasonal period of 2011-2018. In line with the leading international carbon
footprinting protocol of PAS 2050-1:2012, a three year period is required to reflect seasonal and production variances. The
data range now covers the required three year period, and therefore accounts for seasonal and production variances.
However, the data range of the sample is not yet representative of the industry at large. Due to this consideration, the results
should NOT be distributed on behalf of or representing the South African pome fruit industry. It is aimed to be used as an
internal evaluation exercise for those South African producers and exporters wanting to compare their carbon footprint
results with the CCC regional sample group averages. This report is authored by Anel Blignaut and Clare Rodseth of Blue
North Sustainability (Pty) Ltd. For more information please contact the CCC Project Leader Anel Blignaut at
anel@bluenorth.co.za..
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