Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client

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Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Colorado	
  Driver	
  Licenses	
  and	
  
   the	
  Non-­‐Ci4zen	
  Client	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Today’s	
  Topics	
  	
  
1. Traffic	
  Issues	
                                                               Legal	
  Framework	
  (ALS)	
  	
  |	
  	
  Suspensions	
  
                                                                                   SR-­‐22	
  Insurance	
  	
  |	
  	
  ProbaBonary	
  Licenses	
  	
  |	
  
                                                                                   RevocaBons	
  

2. Out-­‐of-­‐State	
  &	
  InternaBonal	
  Drivers	
                              IDLC	
  	
  |	
  	
  NRVC	
  	
  |	
  	
  NDR	
  	
  |	
  	
  Non-­‐Resident	
  Drivers	
  	
  |	
  	
  	
  
                                                                                   Int’l	
  Reciprocity	
  	
  |	
  	
  1949	
  Geneva	
  ConvenBon	
  	
  |	
  	
  SSN	
  
                                                                                   Issues	
  

3. ExcepBons	
  Processing	
                                                       U.S.	
  CiBzens	
  	
  |	
  	
  Lawful	
  Permanent	
  Residents	
  
                                                                                   Temporary	
  Presence	
  /	
  Status	
  	
  |	
  	
  Unlawful	
  Presence	
  

4. Fraud	
  InvesBgaBons	
                                                         Risk	
  Factors	
  	
  |	
  	
  Pot.	
  Consequences	
  	
  |	
  	
  Agg./Mit.	
  
                                                                                   Factors	
  	
  |	
  	
  Hearing	
  Procedure	
  
5. SB-­‐251,	
  CO-­‐RCSA	
                                                        Overview	
  	
  |	
  	
  Current	
  Issues	
  	
  |	
  	
  TLPs	
  	
  |	
  	
  ULPs	
  |	
  
                                                                                   Appointment	
  Scheduling	
  
6. SAVE	
  Issues	
                                                                Required	
  informaBon	
  	
  |	
  	
  Standard	
  Process	
  	
  |	
  	
  
                                                                                   Manual	
  VerificaBon	
  	
  |	
  CorrecBng	
  Info	
  
7. Habitual	
  Traffic	
  Offender	
                                                  HTO	
  	
  |	
  	
  Driving	
  while	
  Rev.	
  Prohibit.	
  	
  |	
  	
  Agg.	
  Driving	
  

8. Aggravated	
  DUI	
                                                             AZ’s	
  Aggravated	
  DUI	
  Offense	
  &	
  ImplicaBons	
  for	
  Colo.	
  

9. DMV	
  Hearings	
                                                               Overview	
  |	
  ConsideraBons	
  

Note:	
  I	
  will	
  not	
  be	
  spending	
  much	
  Bme	
  on	
  alcohol-­‐driving	
  DMV	
  issues,	
  which	
  merit	
  their	
  own,	
  in-­‐depth	
  
treatment.	
  For	
  reasons	
  of	
  Bme	
  and	
  complexity,	
  I	
  will	
  for	
  the	
  most	
  part	
  not	
  address	
  issues	
  involving	
  minors.	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Traffic	
  Issues	
  

Colorado’s	
  ALS	
  System	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Legal	
  Framework	
  
• Post-­‐ConvicBon	
  v.	
  Admin.	
  License	
  Suspension	
  (ALS)	
  
• As	
  of	
  2014,	
  41	
  States	
  had	
  ALS	
  schemes,	
  inc.	
  Colorado.	
  
• Features	
  of	
  ALS	
  schemes:	
  
    – Pre-­‐convicBon	
  suspension	
  in	
  some	
  instances;	
  
    – 2-­‐track	
  system:	
  AdministraBve	
  &	
  Criminal/Traffic;	
  and,	
  
    – PotenBal	
  for	
  mulBple	
  suspension	
  periods	
  as	
  a	
  result	
  of	
  same	
  charge:	
  pre-­‐	
  
      &	
  post-­‐	
  convicBon.	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Forms	
  of	
  Restraint	
  in	
  Colorado	
  
Suspension	
                                                          Revoca4on	
  
!	
  Generally,	
  a	
  maximum	
  of	
  1	
  year	
                  !	
  Generally,	
  a	
  minimum	
  of	
  1	
  year	
  and	
  a	
  
!	
  Base	
  period	
  of	
  6	
  months	
                            maximum	
  of	
  5	
  years	
  for	
  a	
  single	
  offense	
  
!	
  ProbaBonary	
  license	
  available	
                            !	
  ProbaBonary	
  license	
  unavailable	
  
                                                                      !	
  Early	
  reinstatement	
  with	
  Interlock	
  restricted	
  
                                                                      license	
  available	
  for	
  alcohol	
  offenses	
  only	
  (fin.	
  
                                                                      assistance	
  may	
  be	
  available,	
  42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4))	
  

Denial	
                                                              Cancella4on	
  (42-­‐2-­‐122)	
  
!	
  Self-­‐explanatory	
                                             !	
  Physical	
  or	
  mental	
  incompetence	
  
                                                                      !	
  Fraud	
  /	
  MisrepresentaBon	
  /	
  Omission	
  on	
  
                                                                      applicaBon	
  
                                                                      !	
  RetroacBve	
  determinaBon	
  of	
  ineligibility	
  
                                                                      !	
  DeterminaBon	
  of	
  unlawful	
  presence	
  in	
  U.S.	
  
                                                                      !	
  Etc.	
  

        NOTE:	
  Falsely	
  applying	
  for	
  a	
  license	
  while	
  a	
  suspension	
  or	
  revocaBon	
  is	
  in	
  
        effect	
  is	
  a	
  criminal	
  offense.	
  42-­‐2-­‐132(3)	
  –	
  Class	
  2	
  Traffic	
  Misdemeanor.	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
Timing	
  of	
  Ac4on	
  
• Wait-­‐and-­‐See	
  Offenses	
  include:	
  
    – Point	
  assessments	
  
    – No	
  Vehicle	
  Operator	
  License	
  (NVOL)	
  
    – Driving	
  under	
  RevocaBon	
  (DUR)	
  

• Immediate	
  Administra4ve	
  Ac4on	
  when:	
  
    –   DUI	
  
    –   No	
  Possession	
  of	
  Insurance	
  (NPOI)	
  
    –   Out-­‐of-­‐state	
  license	
  restraint	
  
    –   Certain	
  other	
  offenses:	
  vehicular	
  homicide,	
  etc.	
  
    –   Further	
  penalty	
  may	
  be	
  imposed	
  as	
  a	
  result	
  of	
  points	
  
        assessment	
  following	
  convicBon	
  
Colorado Driver Licenses and the Non- Ci4zen Client
License	
  Suspensions	
  

  Suspensions	
  and	
  PDLs	
  
TYPICAL	
  SUSPENSIONS	
  
Offense	
                              DMV	
  Restraint	
   Point	
  Assess.	
          Early	
  	
                 Notes	
  
                                                           (convic4on)	
               Eligibility	
  
Points	
  Suspension	
                0-­‐/6/-­‐12	
  months✔	
     N/A	
              PDL	
  Eligible✔	
          CRS	
  §	
  42-­‐2-­‐127	
  
                                                                                       (limited	
  purposes)	
  

No	
  Insurance	
  (#1)	
             Indefinite	
                   4	
  PTS	
         Varies#	
                   financial	
  responsibility	
  act	
  (FRA)	
  
                                                                                                                   suspension	
  |	
  CRS	
  42-­‐2-­‐127.7;	
  
                                                                                                                   42-­‐4-­‐1409	
  
No	
  Vehicle	
  Op.	
  License	
     No	
  AutomaBc	
              3-­‐6	
  PTS	
     N/A	
                       3	
  PTS	
  (1st	
  off.);	
  6	
  PTS	
  (2+	
  off.)	
  
                                      Suspension	
                                                                 42-­‐2-­‐101(1),(11);	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(r)	
  

UnsaBsfied	
  Judgment	
               Indefinite	
                   N/A	
              N/A	
                       Lots	
  of	
  opBons	
  for	
  parBal	
  
                                                                                                                   saBsfacBon	
  &	
  restoraBon	
  of	
  DL	
  

Out-­‐of-­‐State	
  Restraint	
       Indefinite	
                   N/A	
              N/A	
                       Interstate	
  Driving	
  Compact	
  –	
  must	
  
                                                                                                                   resolve	
  with	
  restraining	
  state	
  

Failure	
  to	
  Pay	
  Child	
                                     N/A	
                                          Special	
  hearing	
  procedures	
  and	
  
Support	
                                                                                                          only	
  a	
  limited	
  probaBonary	
  license	
  
                                                                                                                   available	
  |	
  42-­‐2-­‐127.5	
  
✔	
  DiscreBonary	
  
Common	
  Points	
  Assessments	
  
                                                               (Assessments	
  follow	
  Convic4on)	
  
Driver	
                                    Consecu4ve	
  12-­‐Months	
                       Consecu4ve	
  24-­‐Months	
     Other	
  

Adult	
  –	
  21+	
  years	
                12	
  points	
                                    18	
  points	
                  N/A	
  

Adult	
  –	
  18-­‐(less	
  than)	
  21	
   9	
  points	
                                     12	
  points	
                  14+	
  points	
  bet.	
  18-­‐21	
  

Minor	
  (under	
  18)	
                    6	
  points	
                                     N/A	
                           7	
  points	
  (prior	
  to	
  age	
  18)	
  

Offense	
                                                       Points	
  	
  

NVOL	
  #1	
                                                   3	
  points	
  
                                                               42-­‐2-­‐101(1),(11);	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(r)	
  
NVOL	
  2+	
                                                   6	
  points	
  	
  
                                                               42-­‐2-­‐101(1),(11);	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(r)	
  
DWAI	
                                                         8	
  points	
  

DUI,	
  DUI	
  Per	
  Se	
                                     12	
  points	
  

Reckless	
  Driving	
                                          8	
  points	
  

“Simple”	
  Careless	
  Driving	
  (no	
  death)	
   4	
  points	
  

ReducBons	
  for	
  Bmely	
  payment	
  of	
  fine	
  for	
  traffic	
  offense	
  or	
  infracBon:	
  3+	
  
points	
  reduced	
  to	
  2;	
  2	
  points	
  reduced	
  to	
  one.	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(5.5)	
  
Proba4onary	
  Driver’s	
  Licenses	
  
Proba4onary	
  Driver’s	
  Licenses	
  
               (a.k.a.	
  PDLs	
  /	
  “RED	
  Licenses”)	
  
Availability	
       !	
  Available	
  when	
  license	
  has	
  been	
  suspended,	
  depending	
  on	
  circumstances	
  
                     !	
  Unavailable	
  when	
  license	
  revoked,	
  but	
  “Early	
  Reinstatement”	
  on	
  restricted	
  license	
  
                     with	
  Interlock	
  available	
  in	
  alcohol	
  cases	
  

Procedure	
          !	
  Request	
  hearing	
  
                     !	
  Hearing	
  officer	
  considers	
  miBgaBng	
  and	
  aggravaBng	
  factors	
  
                     !	
  Hearing	
  officer	
  determines	
  scope	
  of	
  limited	
  driving	
  privilege	
  

Validity	
           !	
  Maximum	
  period	
  of	
  validity	
  is	
  the	
  length	
  of	
  underlying	
  restraint(s)	
  

Considera4ons	
      !	
  Issuance	
  of	
  probaBonary	
  license	
  is	
  discreBonary	
  
                     !	
  Hearing	
  Officer’s	
  decision	
  is	
  guided	
  by	
  regulaBons	
  at	
  1	
  CCR	
  211-­‐3,	
  and	
  overarching	
  
                     consideraBons	
  are	
  public	
  safety	
  and	
  modificaBon	
  of	
  future	
  driving	
  behavior	
  
                     !	
  Hearing	
  Officer	
  will	
  balance	
  regulatory	
  aggravaBng	
  and	
  miBgaBng	
  factors	
  
                     !	
  Hearing	
  Officer	
  may	
  require	
  maintenance	
  of	
  SR-­‐22	
  insurance	
  coverage	
  
Restric4ons	
        !	
  OperaBon	
  of	
  commercial	
  vehicle	
  prohibited	
  on	
  PDL	
  
                     !	
  Driving	
  while	
  at	
  work	
  prohibited	
  if	
  under	
  age	
  17	
  	
  
                     !	
  PDL	
  can’t	
  be	
  issued	
  to	
  a	
  person	
  who	
  has	
  never	
  held	
  a	
  license	
  in	
  any	
  State.	
  
                     !	
  PDL	
  can’t	
  be	
  issued	
  where	
  pending	
  case	
  could	
  lead	
  to	
  restraint	
  w/no	
  PDL	
  opBon	
  
                     !	
  If	
  driver	
  has	
  ever	
  had	
  prior	
  PDL,	
  then	
  second	
  PDL	
  will	
  generally	
  not	
  be	
  issued	
  
                     !	
  PDL	
  may	
  be	
  limited	
  to	
  driving	
  for	
  employment,	
  educaBon,	
  childcare,	
  etc.	
  
AggravaBng/MiBgaBng	
  Factors	
  
                                         Aggrava4ng	
                                                                                           Mi4ga4ng	
  
!	
  Collision	
  involving	
  death	
  or	
  injury	
  where	
  driver	
  at	
  fault	
                    !	
  Demonstrated	
  efforts	
  to	
  correct	
  behavior	
  leading	
  to	
  restraint	
  
!	
  Any	
  collision	
  where	
  driver	
  at	
  fault	
                                                   !	
  Errors	
  by	
  DMV	
  that	
  negaBvely	
  affected	
  driving	
  privilege	
  
!	
  ConvicBon	
  for	
  traffic	
  violaBons	
  carrying	
  6+	
  points	
                                   !	
  Time	
  w/o	
  driving	
  already	
  served	
  under	
  current	
  restraint(s)	
  
!	
  ConvicBon	
  defined	
  in	
  Fed.	
  Motor	
  Carrier	
  Safety	
  RegulaBons	
                        !	
  Lack	
  of	
  subsequent	
  violaBons	
  (where	
  citaBon	
  late	
  reported)	
  
!	
  ViolaBon	
  of	
  “out	
  of	
  service”	
  order	
  w/	
  serious	
  pub.	
  safety	
  	
  risk	
     !	
  Evidence	
  that	
  any	
  substance	
  abuse	
  is	
  under	
  control	
  
!	
  Any	
  offense	
  listed	
  under	
  the	
  HTO	
  statute	
                                            !	
  Other	
  
!	
  Carelessness	
  as	
  shown	
  in	
  driver	
  record	
  or	
  other	
  info	
  
!	
  Recklessness	
  as	
  shown	
  in	
  driver	
  record	
  or	
  other	
  info	
  
!	
  Repeated	
  disregard	
  for	
  law	
  /	
  public	
  safety	
  
!	
  Prior	
  restraint(s)	
  
!	
  Prior	
  issuance	
  of	
  PDL	
  
!	
  Repeated	
  commission	
  of	
  same	
  offense	
  
!	
  Driver’s	
  “reluctance	
  to	
  be	
  truthful	
  or	
  candid	
  at	
  hearing”	
  
!	
  AccumulaBon	
  of	
  3+	
  points	
  beyond	
  minimum	
  for	
  PTS	
  restraint	
  
!	
  Evidence	
  of	
  violaBon	
  of	
  terms	
  of	
  prior	
  PDL	
  
!	
  Evidence	
  of	
  non-­‐compliance	
  with	
  probaBon	
  
!	
  Evidence	
  of	
  substance-­‐abuse	
  problem	
  that	
  is	
  not,	
  or	
  is	
  
unlikely	
  to	
  remain,	
  under	
  control	
  

NOTE:	
  The	
  above	
  factors	
  are	
  also	
  relevant	
  to	
  the	
  Hearing	
  Officer’s	
  consideraBon	
  of	
  the	
  length	
  of	
  
restraint,	
  where	
  length	
  is	
  discreBonary.	
  Hearing	
  officer	
  begins	
  with	
  base	
  period	
  of	
  6	
  months	
  and	
  
adds	
  or	
  subtracts	
  Bme	
  based	
  on	
  above	
  factors.	
  
License	
  Revoca4ons	
  
Revoca4on	
  
              Non-­‐Alcohol	
                                         Mixed	
                                            Alcohol	
  
!	
  Driving	
  under	
  Restraint	
  (DUR)	
     !	
  DUR-­‐Alcohol	
                                 !	
  DUI	
  
!	
  MulBple	
  DURs	
  in	
  five	
  years	
      !	
  HTO	
  –	
  driving	
  while	
  revocaBon	
     !	
  DUI	
  per	
  se	
  
                                                  prohibited	
                                         !	
  Driving	
  with	
  BAC	
  0.15+	
  
                                                  !	
  Aggravated	
  HTO	
                             !	
  MulBple	
  alcohol	
  offenses	
  
                                                                                                       !	
  Express	
  consent	
  refusal	
  
                                                                                                       !	
  Other	
  

How	
  NVOLs	
  Turn	
  into	
  DURs	
  and	
  worse:	
  
•	
  A	
  first	
  convicBon	
  for	
  NVOL	
  results	
  in	
  the	
  assessment	
  of	
  3	
  points;	
  
•	
  Subsequent	
  convicBons	
  for	
  NVOL	
  result	
  in	
  6-­‐point	
  assessments;	
  will	
  quickly	
  results	
  in	
  excessive-­‐
points	
  suspension	
  when	
  combined	
  with	
  other	
  assessments.	
  
•	
  Driving	
  aoer	
  suspension	
  can	
  result	
  in	
  a	
  DUR.	
  
•	
  2+	
  DURs	
  in	
  five	
  years	
  cause	
  a	
  3-­‐year	
  period	
  of	
  revocaBon.	
  
•	
  3+	
  DURs	
  in	
  seven	
  years	
  trigger	
  an	
  HTO	
  designaBon	
  and	
  a	
  5-­‐year	
  revocaBon.	
  
•	
  Driving	
  during	
  HTO	
  revocaBon	
  is	
  a	
  first-­‐degree	
  misdemeanor.	
  
•	
  Obtaining	
  a	
  license	
  and	
  proof	
  of	
  insurance	
  can	
  ooen	
  allow	
  a	
  plea	
  deal	
  to	
  a	
  non-­‐moving	
  
violaBon,	
  enabling	
  the	
  person	
  to	
  avoid	
  this	
  downward	
  spiral.	
  

Cita6ons:	
  42-­‐2-­‐101(1),	
  (10),	
  (11)	
  [NVOL];	
  42-­‐2-­‐138(1)(b);	
  42-­‐2-­‐206	
  
TYPICAL	
  REVOCATIONS	
  
Offense	
                                  DMV	
  Restraint	
   Point	
  Assess.	
                                 Early	
  	
                        Notes	
  
                                                               (convic4on)	
                                      Eligibility	
  
Drive	
  under	
  Restraint	
             1	
  year"	
                        N/A	
                               None	
                             42-­‐2-­‐138(3)	
  

DUR	
  –	
  Alcohol	
                     1	
  year"	
                        N/A	
                               1	
  month★	
                      42-­‐2-­‐138(1)(d)	
  

2nd	
  DUR	
  in	
  5	
  years	
          3	
  years	
                        N/A	
                               None	
                             42-­‐2-­‐138(1)(b)	
  

HTO	
  (no-­‐alcohol)	
                   5	
  years	
                        N/A	
                               None	
                             42-­‐2-­‐206	
  

HTO	
  (alcohol)	
                        5	
  years	
                        N/A	
                               1	
  month★	
                      42-­‐2-­‐206;	
  42-­‐2-­‐132.5	
  

DUI	
  1	
                                9	
  months	
                       12	
  PTS	
                         1	
  month★	
                      42-­‐4-­‐1301;	
  42-­‐2-­‐132.5	
  

DWAI	
  1	
                               None	
                              8	
  PTS	
                          N/A	
                              42-­‐4-­‐1301(1)(g),	
  (6)	
  

DUI	
  Per	
  Se	
  1	
                   9	
  months	
                       12	
  PTS	
                         1	
  month★	
                      BAC	
  0.08+	
  
                                                                                                                                                     42-­‐4-­‐1301(2);	
  42-­‐2-­‐126(3)	
  

Persistent	
  Drunk	
  Driver	
   1	
  year,	
  then	
                        N/A	
                               Refusal:	
  2	
  months★	
         2+	
  alc.	
  ViolaBons	
  (admin.	
  or	
  court);	
  DUR-­‐
                                  mandatory	
  2	
  years	
                                                       Other:	
  1	
  month★	
            Alc.;	
  BAC	
  0.15+;	
  Exp.	
  Consent	
  Refusal;	
  	
  
(PDD)	
  /	
  Refusal	
                                                                                                                              42-­‐1-­‐102(68.5);	
  42-­‐2-­‐126(c);	
  42-­‐2-­‐132;	
  
                                          with	
  Interlock	
                                                                                        42-­‐2-­‐132.5	
  
✔	
  DiscreBonary	
  	
  |	
  	
  ♯	
  Demonstrate	
  current	
  insurance	
  	
  |	
  	
  "	
  ConsecuBve	
  to	
  prior	
  restraint	
  	
  |	
  	
  ★	
  With	
  Interlock	
  
Length	
  of	
  Restraint	
  
                                     Adult	
  Driver	
  -­‐	
  Non-­‐Commercial	
  License	
  

              Points	
  Suspension	
  

             2nd	
  DUR	
  in	
  5	
  Years	
  
                                                                                                          Restraint	
  
                     Simple	
  DUI	
  #1	
                                                                Eligibility	
  
                                                                                                          Interlock	
  
1st	
  Refusal	
  +	
  DUI	
  ConvicBon	
  

     Habitual	
  Traffic	
  Offender	
  

                                                  0	
     20	
        40	
            60	
       80	
  
                                                                     Months	
  
INTERLOCK	
  RESTRICTED	
  LICENSES	
  
                Designa4on	
                               Eligible	
                  Length	
                                                         Notes	
  
                                                              Early	
  Reinstatement	
  with	
  Restricted	
  License	
  
1st	
  DUI	
  with	
  9-­‐month	
  revocaBon	
             1	
  Month	
       At	
  Least	
  8	
  Months*	
   42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4)(a)(II)(A)	
  
                                                                                                              *4	
  months	
  if	
  no	
  Interlock	
  interrupt	
  
DUI/DUI	
  per	
  se/DWAI/Excess	
  BAC	
                  1	
  Month	
       At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       Longer	
  of	
  Bme	
  remaining	
  on	
  restraint	
  or	
  12	
  months,	
  
with	
  at	
  least	
  1-­‐year	
  revocaBon	
                                                                 42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4)(a)(I)	
  
DUR-­‐Alcohol	
  prior	
  to	
  alcohol	
  offense	
        1	
  Month	
       At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       42-­‐2-­‐132.5(b)	
  –	
  means	
  that	
  a	
  DUR-­‐alcohol	
  restraint	
  will	
  not	
  
                                                                                                               affect	
  Interlock	
  eligibility	
  
Habitual	
  Traffic	
  Offender	
  –	
  Alcohol	
             1	
  Month	
       5	
  Years	
                     Eligible	
  only	
  if	
  (42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4)(c)):	
  
LIMITED	
                                                                     42-­‐2-­‐205	
                   (a) 1	
  convicBon	
  for	
  DUI/DUI	
  per	
  se/DWAI	
  AND	
  	
  
                                                                                                               (b) No	
  add.	
  violaBons	
  except	
  DUR	
  or	
  Reckless	
  Driving	
  

                                      Mandatory	
  Interlock-­‐Restricted	
  License	
  Following	
  Reinstatement	
  
Persistent	
  Drunk	
  Driver	
  (PDD)	
                   N/A	
              At	
  Least	
  2	
  Years	
      42-­‐2-­‐132.5(3);	
  42-­‐1-­‐102(68.5)	
  
MulBple	
  DUI/DUI	
  per	
  se/DWAI	
                     N/A	
              At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       42-­‐2-­‐132.5(1)	
  
Excess	
  BAC	
  (0.15+)	
  or	
  prior	
  PDD	
           N/A	
              At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       42-­‐2-­‐132.5(1);	
  42-­‐2-­‐126	
  (where	
  prior	
  PDD	
  in	
  effect)	
  

HTO	
  –	
  Alcohol	
                                      N/A	
              At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       42-­‐2-­‐132.5(1);	
  42-­‐2-­‐203	
  
RevocaBon	
  for	
  Interlock	
  Circumvent	
              N/A	
              At	
  Least	
  1	
  Year	
       42-­‐2-­‐132.5(1),	
  (7)	
  

Notes:	
  
•	
  A	
  separately	
  imposed	
  non-­‐alcohol	
  restraint	
  must	
  be	
  saBsfied	
  prior	
  to	
  eligibility	
  for	
  early	
  reinstatement	
  with	
  Interlock.	
  42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4)(b).	
  
•	
  DMV	
  may	
  not	
  impose	
  points	
  suspension	
  if	
  the	
  incident	
  that	
  would	
  otherwise	
  trigger	
  suspension	
  arose	
  from	
  the	
  same	
  transacBon	
  giving	
  
rise	
  to	
  another	
  type	
  of	
  restraint	
  (i.e.,	
  DUI	
  revocaBon).	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(8)(b)(I).	
  
•	
  However,	
  express	
  consent	
  refusals	
  can	
  result	
  in	
  points	
  revocaBon	
  from	
  same	
  incident,	
  which	
  might	
  run	
  concurrently.	
  42-­‐2-­‐127(8)(b)(I).	
  
•	
  MulBple	
  revocaBons	
  from	
  same	
  incident	
  should	
  run	
  concurrently;	
  but	
  will	
  not	
  do	
  so	
  if	
  from	
  separate	
  incidents.	
  42-­‐2-­‐125(5).	
  
•	
  Early	
  reinstatement	
  requires	
  SR-­‐22	
  for	
  longer	
  of	
  3	
  years	
  or	
  Bme	
  remaining	
  on	
  restricted	
  license.	
  42-­‐2-­‐132.5(4)(b).	
  
Financial	
  Responsibility	
  

  Liability	
  Insurance	
  &	
  SR-­‐22	
  
Liability	
  Insurance	
  &	
  SR-­‐22	
  
•   Colorado	
  law	
  generally	
  requires	
  insurance	
  liability	
  coverage	
  for	
  bodily	
  injury	
  or	
  death	
  of	
  at	
  
    least	
  $25,000	
  to	
  any	
  one	
  person	
  in	
  any	
  one	
  accident,	
  $50,000	
  to	
  all	
  persons	
  in	
  any	
  one	
  
    accident,	
  and	
  $15,000	
  for	
  property	
  damage.	
  C.R.S.	
  §	
  10-­‐4-­‐620.	
  
•   Failure	
  to	
  maintain	
  insurance	
  is	
  a	
  crime	
  (42-­‐4-­‐1409)	
  and	
  also	
  grounds	
  for	
  suspension	
  
    (42-­‐2-­‐127.7).	
  
•   “Proof	
  of	
  Financial	
  Responsibility”	
  and	
  “Proof	
  of	
  Future	
  Financial	
  Responsibility”	
  refer	
  to	
  
    SR-­‐22	
  insurance	
  and	
  may	
  be	
  required	
  following	
  certain	
  suspensions,	
  revocaBons,	
  and	
  
    cancellaBons,	
  and	
  in	
  certain	
  other	
  instances.	
  42-­‐7-­‐103(14).	
  
•   SR-­‐22	
  insurance	
  is	
  a	
  scheme	
  by	
  which	
  the	
  insurer	
  cerBfies	
  to	
  the	
  DMV	
  that	
  the	
  required	
  
    insurance	
  will	
  remain	
  in	
  effect	
  for	
  a	
  specified	
  period	
  of	
  Bme	
  into	
  the	
  future.	
  The	
  insurance	
  
    company	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  noBfy	
  the	
  DMV	
  if	
  the	
  coverage	
  ever	
  lapses,	
  which	
  will	
  result	
  in	
  a	
  
    license	
  restraint.	
  	
  
•   Default	
  period	
  for	
  maintaining	
  SR-­‐22	
  insurance	
  is	
  three	
  years;	
  however,	
  there	
  are	
  plenty	
  of	
  
    excepBons.	
  See,	
  e.g.,	
  42-­‐2-­‐172.7(2),	
  (4)(c).	
  
     •     SR22	
  is	
  waived	
  in	
  certain	
  circumstances,	
  including	
  where	
  the	
  driver	
  can	
  show	
  that	
  an	
  insurance	
  policy	
  
           was	
  in	
  effect	
  at	
  the	
  Bme	
  of	
  the	
  alleged	
  offense.	
  See	
  C.R.S.	
  §	
  42-­‐2-­‐302.	
  
SR-­‐22	
  Insurance	
  Card	
  
           Am.	
  Assoc.	
  of	
  Motor	
  Veh.	
  Administrators	
  	
  
FINANCIAL	
  RESPONSIBILITY	
  LAW	
  –	
  A	
  FEW	
  SCENARIOS	
  
           Designa4on	
                                CRS	
               Result	
                    SR22	
                                                   Notes	
  
Failure	
  to	
  SaBsfy	
  Judgment	
            42-­‐7-­‐401	
           SR22	
               3	
  Years	
         Indefinite	
  suspension	
  -­‐	
  Discharge	
  in	
  bankruptcy	
  negates	
  suspension.	
  
or	
  ResBtuBon	
  Order	
                                                                                          42-­‐7-­‐402.	
  ParBal	
  saBsfacBon	
  of	
  judgment	
  or	
  seulement,	
  and	
  
                                                                                                                    passage	
  of	
  Bme	
  can	
  also	
  negate	
  suspension.	
  42-­‐7-­‐403-­‐404	
  
No	
  Proof	
  of	
  Insurance	
                 42-­‐2-­‐127.7	
         SR22	
               3	
  Years	
         Indefinite	
  suspension,	
  then	
  progressively	
  longer	
  suspensions	
  
                                                 42-­‐4-­‐1409	
                                                    result	
  from	
  subsequent	
  violaBons.	
  
DUI	
  /	
  DUI	
  per	
  se	
  /	
  DWAI	
      42-­‐4-­‐408(c)	
        SR22	
               Length	
  of	
       SR-­‐22	
  required	
  for	
  lesser	
  of	
  the	
  length	
  of	
  the	
  revocaBon	
  or	
  3	
  
1st	
  Offense	
  &	
  No	
  Accident	
                                                         revocaBon	
          years,	
  starBng	
  at	
  reinstatement.	
  Ex.:	
  9-­‐month	
  revoke	
  for	
  1st	
  
                                                                                                                    DUI	
  triggers	
  9-­‐month	
  SR-­‐22	
  requirement.	
  
DUI	
  /	
  DUI	
  per	
  se	
  /	
  DWAI	
      42-­‐4-­‐408(b)	
        SR22	
               3	
  Years	
  
MulBple	
  or	
  Accident	
  
Mandatory	
  RevocaBon	
                         42-­‐2-­‐125	
           SR22	
               3	
  Years	
         ExcepBon	
  for	
  mandatory	
  revocaBons	
  for	
  failure	
  to	
  complete	
  
                                                 42-­‐4-­‐406	
                                                     required	
  alcohol	
  classes.	
  42-­‐2-­‐125(m);	
  42-­‐4-­‐406(1).	
  ExcepBons	
  
                                                                                                                    also	
  for	
  some	
  revocaBons	
  for	
  minor	
  drivers.	
  42-­‐4-­‐406(1).	
  
ProbaBonary	
  License	
                         42-­‐2-­‐127	
           SR22	
               3	
  Years	
  
Cancelled	
                                      42-­‐4-­‐406	
  
CancellaBon	
  –	
  Physical	
  or	
             42-­‐2-­‐122	
           SR22	
               ?	
                  ExcepBon	
  for	
  persons	
  receiving	
  approved	
  therapy.	
  
Mental	
  incompetence	
                         42-­‐4-­‐406	
                                                     42-­‐2-­‐122(2.5);	
  42-­‐4-­‐406.	
  
Points	
  Suspension	
                           42-­‐4-­‐406(2)	
        Insurance	
          N/A	
                Prior	
  to	
  issuance	
  of	
  PDL	
  or	
  reinstatement,	
  renewal,	
  or	
  
                                                                                                                    issuance,	
  must	
  provide	
  proof	
  of	
  insurance.	
  (SR-­‐22	
  not	
  
                                                                                                                    required.)	
  
42-­‐4-­‐1409	
  –	
  Compulsory	
  insurance;	
  42-­‐4-­‐1409(6)	
  –	
  mandatory	
  dismissal	
  if	
  driver	
  proves	
  insurance	
  was	
  in	
  effect	
  	
  
•	
  Motor	
  Vehicle	
  Financial	
  Responsibility	
  Law:	
  42-­‐7-­‐101	
  et	
  seq.	
  
•	
  Term	
  of	
  SR-­‐22	
  insurance	
  is	
  a	
  minimum	
  of	
  3	
  months.	
  42-­‐7-­‐408(2)	
  
•	
  If	
  the	
  three-­‐year	
  SR-­‐22	
  period	
  applies,	
  then	
  any	
  Bme	
  during	
  which	
  the	
  insured	
  has	
  not	
  been	
  licensed	
  will	
  be	
  credited	
  toward	
  the	
  period.	
  
42-­‐7-­‐408(b).	
  
•	
  Compliance	
  is	
  monitored	
  through	
  the	
  Motorist	
  Insurance	
  IdenBficaBon	
  Database	
  (MIIDB).	
  See	
  1	
  CCR	
  204-­‐21.	
  
Out-­‐of-­‐State	
  and	
  Interna4onal	
  
               Drivers	
  
Interstate	
  Driver’s	
  License	
  Compact	
  
•   The	
  Interstate	
  Driver’s	
  License	
  Compact,	
  inc.	
  at	
  C.R.S.	
  §	
  24-­‐60-­‐1101	
  et	
  seq.,	
  which	
  Colorado	
  joined	
  
    in	
  1965,	
  governs	
  interstate	
  driving	
  issues	
  in	
  Colorado,	
  including:	
  
      –    Interstate,	
  reciprocal	
  driving	
  restraints	
  –	
  See	
  ArBcle	
  V	
  (new	
  licenses);	
  ArBcle	
  III	
  (exisBng);	
  
      –    Requirement	
  that	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  convicBons	
  (inc.	
  criminal	
  and	
  administraBve	
  violaBons)	
  be	
  reported	
  to	
  driver’s	
  
           home	
  (licensing)	
  state	
  –	
  See	
  ArBcles	
  II(c),	
  III;	
  
      –    The	
  effect	
  of	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  convicBons	
  on	
  the	
  driver’s	
  license	
  –	
  See	
  ArBcle	
  IV;	
  including:	
  
               •    Offenses,	
  including	
  DUIs,	
  where	
  the	
  home	
  state	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  give	
  effect	
  to	
  the	
  foreign	
  state’s	
  law;	
  
               •    Other	
  offenses	
  in	
  which	
  the	
  home	
  state	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  determine	
  if	
  there	
  is	
  a	
  corresponding,	
  “substanBally	
  
                    similar,”	
  offense	
  under	
  home-­‐state	
  law,	
  and,	
  if	
  so,	
  to	
  treat	
  the	
  foreign	
  offense	
  as	
  if	
  it	
  had	
  occurred	
  in	
  the	
  home	
  
                    state;	
  and,	
  
      –    ProhibiBon	
  on	
  holding	
  licenses	
  in	
  mulBple	
  states	
  –	
  See	
  ArBcle	
  V;	
  see	
  also	
  24-­‐60-­‐1106.	
  
•   Colorado’s	
  implementaBon	
  of	
  the	
  Compact:	
  
      –    For	
  non-­‐enumerated	
  foreign	
  offenses	
  that	
  require	
  Colorado	
  to	
  find	
  a	
  corresponding	
  offense,	
  the	
  DMV	
  is	
  
           prohibited	
  from	
  assessing	
  points	
  against	
  the	
  driver’s	
  license	
  –	
  CRS	
  24-­‐60-­‐1105(2).	
  
               •    It	
  is	
  possible	
  to	
  request	
  a	
  hearing	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  argue	
  that	
  Colorado	
  does	
  not	
  have	
  a	
  corresponding	
  offense.	
  
                    License	
  holds	
  for	
  foreign	
  judgments	
  are	
  a	
  common	
  source	
  of	
  issues	
  that	
  a	
  hearing	
  can	
  resolve.	
  
      –    For	
  the	
  more	
  serious	
  offenses	
  where	
  Colorado	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  give	
  effect	
  to	
  the	
  foreign	
  state’s	
  law,	
  the	
  
           implemenBng	
  statute	
  limits	
  these	
  to	
  42-­‐2-­‐128	
  (vehicular	
  homicide),	
  42-­‐2-­‐1301	
  (DUI,	
  DUI	
  per	
  se,	
  DWAI),	
  and	
  
           42-­‐4-­‐1603	
  (duty	
  to	
  give	
  noBce/informaBon/aid	
  in	
  accident	
  involving	
  injury	
  or	
  death).	
  
      –    Colorado	
  honors	
  driver	
  licenses	
  issued	
  by	
  other	
  compact	
  members,	
  unless	
  the	
  driver	
  becomes	
  a	
  resident	
  in	
  
           Colorado,	
  in	
  which	
  case	
  the	
  person	
  must	
  obtain	
  a	
  Colorado	
  license.	
  24-­‐60-­‐1106.	
  An	
  excepBon	
  is	
  available	
  if	
  
           the	
  person	
  needs	
  to	
  retain	
  an	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  license	
  under	
  the	
  laws	
  of	
  another	
  state	
  in	
  order	
  to	
  pracBce	
  a	
  
           regular	
  trade	
  or	
  profession.	
  Id.	
  
•   Member	
  States:	
  All	
  states	
  except	
  Georgia,	
  Massachuseus,	
  Michigan,	
  Tennessee,	
  and	
  
    Wisconsin	
  (source:	
  AAMVA)	
  
•   Procedures	
  manual	
  (1994)	
  is	
  available	
  here:	
  
      –    hup://www.aamva.org/uploadedFiles/MainSite/Content/DriverLicensingIdenBficaBon/DL_ID_Compacts/DLC
           %20AdministraBve%20Procedures%20Manual.pdf	
  
IDLC	
  DMV	
  Hearings	
  
•   DMV	
  regulaBons	
  implemenBng	
  the	
  Compact	
  are	
  at	
  1	
  CCR	
  204-­‐16	
  and	
  govern	
  
    procedures	
  for	
  issuing	
  Colorado	
  licenses	
  to	
  individuals	
  under	
  restraint	
  in	
  another	
  
    member	
  state.	
  
•   Hearing	
  Procedures:	
  
     –    File	
  request	
  for	
  hearing	
  to	
  DMV	
  Hearing	
  SecBon.	
  
     –    DMV	
  requests	
  driver’s	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  record	
  and	
  analyzes	
  the	
  record,	
  applying	
  Colorado	
  law.	
  
•   Hearing	
  Principles:	
  
     –    At	
  hearing,	
  applicant	
  must	
  show	
  that:	
  
             •    At	
  least	
  one	
  year	
  has	
  passed	
  since	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  license	
  was	
  revoked	
  or	
  suspended;	
  
             •    Applicant	
  has	
  not	
  driven	
  since	
  the	
  restraint	
  was	
  imposed;	
  and,	
  
             •    Applicant	
  is	
  now	
  a	
  Colorado	
  resident.	
  
     –    Any	
  evidence	
  of	
  driving	
  following	
  restraint	
  will	
  result	
  in	
  the	
  applicant	
  having	
  to	
  wait	
  the	
  longer	
  of	
  one	
  
          year	
  from	
  the	
  violaBon	
  date	
  or	
  unBl	
  one	
  year	
  aoer	
  Colorado	
  reinstatement	
  eligibility,	
  whichever	
  is	
  
          longer.	
  
     –    Otherwise,	
  DMV	
  bears	
  burden	
  of	
  showing	
  that	
  the	
  applicant	
  is	
  NOT	
  eligible,	
  based	
  on	
  its	
  analysis	
  of	
  
          the	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  driving	
  record.	
  DMV	
  will	
  calculate	
  the	
  applicant’s	
  reinstatement	
  eligibility	
  date	
  based	
  
          on	
  Colorado	
  law.	
  
     –    DMV	
  is	
  prohibited	
  from	
  issuing	
  a	
  PDL	
  or	
  other	
  temporary	
  license	
  while	
  the	
  out-­‐of-­‐state	
  triggered	
  
          restraint	
  remains	
  in	
  effect.	
  
     –    If	
  the	
  applicant	
  obtains	
  a	
  reinstatement	
  or	
  clearance	
  leuer	
  from	
  the	
  foreign	
  state,	
  then	
  he	
  or	
  she	
  may	
  
          apply	
  for	
  a	
  Colorado	
  license.	
  
Non-­‐Resident	
  Violator	
  Compact	
  
•   Grew	
  out	
  of	
  developments	
  in	
  the	
  1960s;	
  current	
  agreement	
  originated	
  in	
  1977;	
  Colorado	
  
    joined	
  in	
  January	
  of	
  1982.	
  Source:	
  AAMVA.	
  
•   The	
  Compact	
  facilitates	
  the	
  processing	
  of	
  traffic	
  citaBons	
  by	
  enabling	
  the	
  45	
  member	
  states	
  
    to	
  process	
  citaBons	
  across	
  borders.	
  
•   Non	
  payment	
  of	
  a	
  citaBon	
  in	
  one	
  member	
  state	
  will	
  trigger	
  an	
  indefinite	
  suspension	
  in	
  the	
  
    driver’s	
  home	
  state	
  pending	
  resoluBon.	
  
•   In	
  the	
  five	
  non-­‐member	
  states	
  –	
  Alaska,	
  California,	
  Michigan,	
  Montana,	
  Oregon,	
  and	
  
    Wisconsin,	
  a	
  driver	
  receiving	
  a	
  citaBon	
  might	
  have	
  to	
  either	
  resolve	
  the	
  citaBon	
  or	
  post	
  a	
  
    bond	
  before	
  being	
  allowed	
  to	
  “proceed.”	
  Likewise,	
  a	
  driver	
  licensed	
  in	
  a	
  non-­‐member	
  state	
  
    might	
  be	
  required	
  to	
  do	
  the	
  same	
  in	
  a	
  member	
  state.	
  The	
  bond	
  may	
  have	
  to	
  be	
  paid	
  
    roadside.	
  
•   The	
  Procedures	
  Manual	
  (1994)	
  is	
  available	
  here:	
  	
  
      –    www.aamva.org/uploadedFiles/MainSite/Content/DriverLicensingIdenBficaBon/DL_ID_Compacts/NRVC
           %20Procedures%20Manual.pdf	
  
Na4onal	
  Driver	
  Register	
  (NDR)	
  
•   Administered	
  by	
  Nat.	
  Highway	
  TransportaBon	
  Admin.	
  and	
  used	
  by	
  all	
  50	
  states	
  to	
  implement	
  
    reciprocal	
  obligaBons.	
  
•   Contains	
  informaBon	
  on	
  revocaBons,	
  suspensions,	
  and	
  serious	
  traffic	
  violaBons,	
  including	
  
    DUI.	
  
•   Each	
  driver	
  receives	
  a	
  status	
  [www.nhtsa.gov/Data/NaBonal+Driver+Register+(NDR)]:	
  
     –    No	
  Match:	
  no	
  record	
  in	
  NDR;	
  
     –    Licensed	
  (LIC):	
  holds	
  valid,	
  unrestrained	
  license	
  in	
  state;	
  
     –    Eligible	
  (ELG):	
  eligible	
  to	
  apply	
  (no	
  restraint	
  /	
  no	
  need	
  to	
  reinstate);	
  
     –    Not:	
  not	
  eligible	
  to	
  drive;	
  or,	
  
     –    NEN:	
  not	
  eligible	
  to	
  drive	
  on	
  account	
  of	
  non-­‐moving	
  violaBon.”	
  
•   “Problem	
  Driver	
  Pointer	
  System”	
  (PDPS)	
  holds	
  the	
  following	
  informaBon	
  for	
  ID	
  purposes:	
  
     –    Full	
  name	
  and	
  aliases;	
  
     –    DOB,	
  License	
  #,	
  and	
  SSN	
  (if	
  permiued	
  by	
  state	
  law);	
  
     –    Sex,	
  height,	
  weight,	
  eye	
  color;	
  and,	
  
     –    State	
  of	
  Record	
  (the	
  state	
  that	
  populated	
  the	
  database).	
  
     –    State	
  of	
  Record	
  is	
  required	
  to	
  update	
  the	
  NDR	
  within	
  31	
  days	
  of	
  receiving	
  a	
  convicBon,	
  revocaBon,	
  suspension,	
  or	
  
          license	
  denial.	
  
     –    Disputes	
  about	
  NDR	
  data	
  must	
  be	
  resolved	
  with	
  the	
  State	
  of	
  Record.	
  
Non-­‐Resident	
  Drivers	
  
Persons	
  Exempted	
  from	
  Holding	
  a	
  Colorado	
  License	
  
•     Non-­‐residents	
  over	
  16	
  possessing	
  a	
  valid	
  DL	
  from	
  another	
  State.	
  42-­‐1-­‐102(62);	
  42-­‐2-­‐102.	
  
•     AcBve-­‐duty	
  military	
  personnel	
  on	
  assignment	
  in	
  Colorado	
  and	
  spouses.	
  Id.	
  
•     Non-­‐resident	
  students,	
  so	
  long	
  as	
  considered	
  non-­‐residents	
  for	
  tuiBon	
  purposes.	
  Id.	
  
•     Once	
  a	
  person	
  establishes	
  Colorado	
  residency,	
  the	
  person	
  has	
  30	
  days	
  to	
  convert	
  his	
  or	
  her	
  DL	
  to	
  a	
  
      Colorado	
  license.	
  Id.	
  (And	
  90	
  days	
  to	
  register	
  a	
  vehicle.)	
  
And…	
  
•     “The	
  statutory	
  bases	
  for	
  this	
  rule	
  are	
  §§	
  42-­‐1-­‐204	
  ,	
  42-­‐2-­‐102(1)(c)	
  ,	
  42-­‐1-­‐102(62)	
  ,	
  and	
  42-­‐1-­‐102(81)	
  ,	
  CRS.	
  The	
  purpose	
  of	
  
      this	
  rule	
  is	
  to	
  include	
  in	
  the	
  definiBon	
  of	
  "non-­‐resident"	
  under	
  §	
  42-­‐1-­‐102(62)	
  ,	
  those	
  persons	
  who	
  are	
  working	
  on	
  a	
  
      temporary	
  or	
  seasonal	
  basis	
  with	
  appropriate	
  documenta4on	
  from	
  the	
  United	
  States	
  Ci4zenship	
  and	
  Immigra4on	
  
      Services,	
  who	
  do	
  not	
  have	
  permanent	
  resident	
  status,	
  and	
  therefore	
  shall	
  not	
  be	
  considered	
  to	
  have	
  "gainful	
  
      employment"	
  for	
  the	
  purposes	
  of	
  establishing	
  residency.	
  These	
  non-­‐residents	
  shall	
  be	
  exempt	
  from	
  the	
  requirement	
  to	
  
      obtain	
  a	
  Colorado	
  driver's	
  license	
  under	
  §	
  42-­‐2-­‐102(1)(c)	
  ,	
  and	
  shall	
  not	
  be	
  considered	
  to	
  have	
  "gainful	
  employment"	
  unless	
  
      he	
  or	
  she	
  otherwise	
  meets	
  the	
  definiBon	
  of	
  resident	
  by	
  either	
  conBnuously	
  residing	
  within	
  the	
  state	
  for	
  90	
  days	
  or	
  more	
  or	
  
      by	
  owning	
  or	
  operaBng	
  a	
  business	
  in	
  this	
  state.”	
  –	
  1	
  CCR	
  204-­‐29	
  
But…	
  
• Colorado	
  law	
  defines	
  a	
  “resident”	
  as	
  “any	
  person	
  who	
  owns	
  or	
  operates	
  any	
  business	
  in	
  this	
  
   state	
  or	
  any	
  person	
  who	
  has	
  resided	
  within	
  this	
  state	
  conBnuously	
  for	
  a	
  period	
  of	
  ninety	
  days	
  
   or	
  has	
  obtained	
  gainful	
  employment	
  within	
  this	
  state,	
  whichever	
  shall	
  occur	
  first.”	
  
   42-­‐1-­‐102(81).	
  
Interna4onal	
  License	
  Reciprocity	
  
•   Colorado	
  has	
  license	
  reciprocity	
  agreements	
  with	
  Canada,	
  France,	
  Germany,	
  and	
  South	
  
    Korea,	
  and	
  applicants	
  for	
  a	
  Colo.	
  license	
  who	
  hold	
  a	
  license	
  from	
  these	
  countries	
  do	
  not	
  have	
  
    to	
  take	
  the	
  driving	
  tests.	
  Source:	
  www.colorado.gov/pacific/dmv/new-­‐colorado-­‐another-­‐
    country	
  
      –    However,	
  all	
  such	
  persons	
  must	
  apply	
  under	
  SB-­‐251.	
  
•   Persons	
  from	
  other	
  countries,	
  including	
  those	
  holding	
  InternaBonal	
  Driver’s	
  Licenses	
  (IDLs),	
  
    must	
  pass	
  the	
  wriuen	
  and	
  driving	
  tests	
  prior	
  to	
  applying	
  for	
  a	
  Colorado	
  license.	
  
      –    Test	
  may	
  be	
  taken	
  through	
  a	
  third-­‐party	
  vendor	
  (i.e.,	
  an	
  accredited	
  driving	
  school).	
  
      –    Rental	
  cars	
  may	
  be	
  used,	
  unless	
  the	
  contract	
  expressly	
  forbids	
  use	
  in	
  driving	
  tests.	
  
Driving	
  under	
  the	
  Geneva	
  Conven4on	
  
•   USA	
  is	
  signatory	
  to	
  1949	
  ConvenBon	
  on	
  Road	
  Traffic,	
  establishing	
  reciprocity	
  between	
  
    member	
  countries	
  with	
  recogniBon	
  of	
  member	
  driver	
  licenses	
  for	
  a	
  period	
  of	
  at	
  least	
  one	
  
    year.	
  
•   The	
  ConvicBon	
  also	
  creates	
  the	
  InternaBonal	
  Driver’s	
  License	
  (IDL)	
  valid	
  for	
  a	
  period	
  of	
  up	
  to	
  
    one	
  year:	
  
      –    Can	
  only	
  be	
  applied	
  for	
  in	
  the	
  applicant’s	
  home	
  country.	
  
      –    Administered	
  in	
  U.S.	
  by	
  AAA.	
  
•   In	
  the	
  U.S.,	
  state	
  laws	
  governing	
  residency	
  may	
  separately	
  require	
  a	
  foreign	
  visitor	
  to	
  obtain	
  a	
  
    state	
  driver’s	
  license.	
  
•   Foreign	
  visitor	
  can	
  drive	
  on	
  foreign	
  license	
  for	
  90	
  days	
  –	
  however,	
  keep	
  in	
  mind	
  that	
  
    employment	
  in	
  Colorado	
  or	
  operaBon	
  of	
  business	
  could	
  create	
  residence	
  much	
  sooner	
  than	
  
    the	
  90	
  days.	
  
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