Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
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Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
breda.moriarty@ucc.ie
Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures • Research Aims and Study Area • Research Approach • Materials being used • Answer some questions
The Research Team
College of Arts, Celtic Studies and Social Sciences School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences
Prof. Claire Connolly Dr. Rob McAllen
School of Biological, Earth and
School of English
Environmental Sciences
Dr. Michael Waldron Orla-Peach Power Rachel Murphy Breda Moriarty Seán MacGabhann
Digital Humanities /
English / History of Art Digital Humanities / History Ecology / Rural Development Marine Biology
Archaeology
Research Aims 1. Develop a methodology for the interrelationship of cultural and biological knowledge that can be scaled for other maritime environments 2. Connect the priorities of scientific research to contemporary understandings of coastal environments via an exploration of the cultural history of selected sites in the context of stakeholder workshops 3. Develop a website that depicts the combined cultural and environmental richness of selected coastal sites
Study Area: West Cork Coast
Methodology
Literature
Art
Folklore
Present day
(Scientific priorities)
Antiquarianism: Charles Smith
The Ancient And Present
State of the County and
Citie of Cork
Smith’s Map of County Cork, 1850, via Corkpastandpresent.ie
Richard Pococke, 1758
The Templebreedy
Rapids church and well
Cloghan Castle,
Castle Island
‘a promontory in it from the South, on which there is an old ruin’d Photograph: Rob McAllen
chapel, & an inlet on one side from the sea by which the water falls
when the tyde goes out like London Bridge. There is an Island in it,
Richard Pococke in Oriental Costume, 1738, with the remains of a Castle. Here is a great plenty of fish at all times
Jean-Étienne Liotard
& oysters always in season’
Taylor and Skinner’s Road Maps 1778
Clonakilty
Baltimore
Ross
Bandon
Skibbereen
Cork
Anne Plumptre
The Halls Illustration by W. Willes Engraving by Landells
Windele Collection
??? Cape Clear
Purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
Poetry
Poem by ‘Stella’, published in The Skibbereen and
West Carbery Eagle, 1865
Poem by ‘M.Q.M.’, published in the West Cork and Carbery
Eagle, 1868
Extract from Loch Ina, published in The Nation, 1845Historical Sources: Maps
Plan du Fort et Baye de Bantry, Goubet, negative, (c.1690-5), NLI MS 2742 French Military Reconnaissance Plan of Bantry Bay, G. Pawley, May 1808
Map, 1789, NLI MS 809 NLI 15 B. 14 (32)
All maps reproduced with kind permission of the National Library of IrelandHistorical Sources: Maps
6" OS map of C. Cork, undated but OS map ‘Ireland – West Coast Harbours in Bantry Bay’ 25" OS map ‘Bantry Union and RD Cork
thought to be based on 1842 survey detail of Bantry Harbour, scale 1:10,580, 1914 (Bantry West Carbery)’, 1920
Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2159 Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2120 Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2124Historical Sources: Newspapers and Directories
Pigot’s Directory, 1824 Advertisement placed in
Cork Constitution, 12 April 1851Historical Sources: Photographs
Lough Hyne, Co. Cork
Both images sourced from the Lawrence Collection, National Library of IrelandImage sourced from the Lawrence Collection, National Library of Ireland
Fish Palaces …Fish palaces: The fishing and curing (smoking, pickling and pressing) of pilchards (Sardinia pilchardis) became an important industry in West Cork during the 17th century. This industry suffered from the erratic pattern of pilchard shoals (some years none would appear in Irish waters) and was in serious decline by the middle of the 18th century. Today, all that remains are the ruins of curing stations, called “pallices” along the coast. The word “palace” is of uncertain derivation, but probably originated in the SW of England where it meant a cellar used for storing fish. Usually the “press wall” is the only standing structure, with its horizontal line of lintelled support niches. These held one end of a press beam; at the other end a heavy weight was suspended and in the middle was a wooden press or “buckler”. The buckler was placed over an open barrel of pilchards and the downward force of the press beam pressed the pilchards into the barrel. Also fish or “train” oil was squeezed out through a drain in the base of the barrel; this was valuable as a luminant and was used by the tanning industry…’
Fish Palaces
Baltimore
Fish Palace on Cape Clear
Historical Sources: Contemporary Accounts
Charles Smith Rev. Horatio Townsend
The Ancient and Present State of the Statistical Survey of the
County and City of Cork (1750) County of Cork (1810)Historical Sources: Estate Papers
Bantry Estate Collection (UCC Library)
including maps, legal papers, fisheries
and shooting leases, correspondences,
sketchbooks, and other materialsCultural Sources: Visual Art
James Gillray, The End of the Irish Invasion –
or – the Destruction of the French Armada
1797
View of Allihies Mines
Sketchbook of Richard White Joshua Rowley Watson William Magrath, Gathering Kelp
c.1820s/30s (courtesy UCC Library) Nelson’s Monument, Castletownshend 1877 (courtesy Crawford Art Gallery, Cork)
c.1815 (courtesy Crawford Art Gallery, Cork)Off to Skibbereen from Newlyn
Alexander Stanhope ForbesHistorical Sources: Official Records
Reports and Commissions
e.g. Annual Reports of Inspectors of Irish Census Reports
Fisheries
Source: British Parliamentary Publications Source: HISTPOP
and British Parliamentary PapersCultural Sources: Folklore
Labhras O Loinsigh
• https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=ofd-UMvTYMg
‘Sea-horses’ in Bantry Bay, referred to in The Schools’
Collection, Volume 0281 (Bantry School)Cultural Sources: Literature
RIA - JJ Callanan
Cultural Sources: Travellers’ Accounts
Clodagh Leigh-White
Nature Notebook
(1913-18)
Georgiana Chatterton Mrs & Mrs Samuel Carter Hall
Rambles in the South of Ireland Ireland: Its Scenery, Character, etc.
in the Year 1838 (1839) Vol I (1841)Lough Hyne – Current Status • Europe's first statutory Marine Nature Reserve (since 1981) • The Lough sustains a huge variety of marine plants and animals • Important on an international scale
Environmental Issues at the Lough
Biodiversity Loss and Changes
Eutrophication Invasive SpeciesDeep Maps surveys and their role • What are the perceptions of stakeholders with regard to marine issues? • How is information about marine priorities being transferred to stakeholders? • Does more need to be done for outreach and dissemination of information? • Can these perceptions be linked to the heritage and culture that may have contributed to forging them?
Methodology • Questionnaires • Workshops • In person interviews
Marine Environment • What is the benefit/importance of the marine environment? • What are the concerns for the marine environment?
Marine Conservation: Policies and role of scientific outreach • Do you think that marine conservation efforts are appropriate and useful? There are a number of policies in place, how aware are you of these? • Does the public need to know about policy? • Can improvements with regard to how marine environmental issues and policies are being communicated be made so that there is greater understanding at a local level? (How….) • Scientific outreach (for example; workshops, public talks, conferences, lectures, dedicated events...), what is their role in dissemination of marine environmental information?
Present linking to the past • How do you learn/access information about the marine environment? (Role of relatives, word of mouth, media…) • What role has culture/heritage played in your perceptions about the marine environment? • Has the coastal (coast and sea) area changed in your lifetime? (Biologically, anecdotally...)
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