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EUROPEAN
MILITARY
EUROPEAN
MEDICAL
MILITARY
SERVICES
MEDICAL
SERVICES
2018
ARMEEN
DIE ZUSAMMENARBEIT DER SANITÄTSDIENSTE
EUROPÄISCHER ARMEEN
ARMEEN
DIE ZUSAMMENARBEIT DER SANITÄTSDI
EUROPÄISCHER ARMEEN
Erste
Ausgabe für
alle Sanitätsdienste
europäischer Nationen
BETA VERLAG & MARKETINGGESELLSCHAFT MBH
in englischer Sprache
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� Configuration with one or two patient is possible
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� Medical devices with retainers
� Oxygen system
� Electrical system
� No tools are needed to change the configuration
� Heating and cooling compartment
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18
www.aerolite.ch
EDITORIAL
3
Content Dear Reader,
Words of Greeting 4 Europe is moving closer together – in
many respects.
Committed to Humanity – This also applies to the European
A Look at the Future of the Armed Forces and in particular to the co-
European Medical Services 5 operation between the medical services.
International collaboration in the field
A Step into the Future with of military medicine has been tried and
MMCC‘s First Director 9 tested in many foreign operations and has
Interview with Brigadier General proven its worth; the focus on EUROPE is
Bruno Most, First Director of new. This development will certainly be
the „Multinational Medical Co- further intensified in the coming years.
ordination Center“ (MMCC) As Beta Verlag, we have seen ourselves as partners of all medical ser-
vices for almost 40 years with our publications, e.g. the Almanac, which is
now available online at www.military-medicine.com, and have been very
Portraits of the Eight Participating happy to accompany this European process from the very beginning.
Medical Services With this special edition of EUROPEAN MILITARY MEDICAL SERVICES
we are providing a forum for European collaboration and are reporting
Kingdom of Belgium 11 for the first time to this extent on closer European cooperation. We here-
by present the establishment of the „European Medical Command“ and
Czech Republic 14 report on the medium-term planning of its development. In addition, we
provide you with a detailed insight into the medical services of the na-
Estonia 18 tions that have been involved from the very start.
A large number of people are always involved in the creation of such a
Federal Republic of Germany 20 special edition – on their behalf, my thanks go not only to the press and
information centre of the Bundeswehr Medical Service for their ever-con-
Republic of Hungary 23 structive support, but also to Mr Geschwill for bringing everything to-
gether.
Grand Douchy of Luxembourg 26
I wish you a stimulating read and look forward to hearing your opinion!
Kingdom of the Netherlands 27
Kingdom of Norway 30 Heike Lange
Publisher
Index of Advertising
Published by: Editorial Support:
Aerolite AG 2
Beta Verlag und Marketing GmbH Presse- und Informationszentrum des
Celsiusstraße 43, Sanitätsdienstes der Bundeswehr
GMÖHLING Transportgeräte 53125 Bonn, Germany Kommando Sanitätsdienst der Bundeswehr
GmbH 13 Tel.: +49(228)91937-0 Falckenstein-Kaserne
Fax: +49(228)91937-23 Von-Kuhl-Straße 50
BLÜCHER GmbH 17 E-mail: info@beta-publishing.com 56070 Koblenz
www.beta-publishing.com
www.military-medicine.com Advertising:
KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG 19 Peter Geschwill
Managing Director: Heike Lange
WEINMANN Emergency Medical Layout & Produktion:
Technology GmbH + Co. KG 21 Portraits of the Medical Services: Sibylle in der Schmitten
Brigadier General MC (ret) two-up buchherstellung & design
Dr med Lutz Bandekow www.two-up.de
General Dynamics European
Land Systems Mowag GmbH 32
2018 Eu ro p ea n M i li t a r y M ed i c a l S er vi ce s EMMS
WORDS OF GREETING
4
There therefore exists an essential core competence for
a future „European Medical Command“. The strength-
ened cooperation between NATO and the EU is now also
being implemented at the medical service level in order
to make efficient use of the existing resources and avoid
any duplication. The medical service of the future must
be capable of acting as an independent effector on the
one hand – and therefore able to contribute towards a
scenario of humanitarian aid or the fight against global
epidemics, for example – but on the other hand must also
be credibly capable of providing medical care in a scena-
rio of national or alliance defence with larger bodies of
deployed troops and a high level of dynamism. Dealing
with the entire spectrum is the benchmark of the future
Security policy reality in Europe has changed both fun- and an enormous task for the armed forces who are op-
damentally and permanently – and as a result also the timised during the course of refocusing on national and
spectrum of deployment forms and types of operations alliance defence. However, the development of capabili-
that need to be dealt with by the German Armed Forces ties required for this can only take place in a synchronised
and supported by our medical service. The European manner with the other partners, which we support on the
Union has recently responded to these changes with the one hand – thereby enabling them to fulfil their mission
„Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)“ initiative, – and on which we are dependent on the other hand in
in which Germany is initially responsible for five projects order to achieve our own goals.
as the lead nation. One of these projects is the „Euro-
pean Medical Command“. The aim here is also to intensify Only close national and international – and in particular
multinational cooperation between the medical services European – coordination and a common approach will
at the European level in the future. lead to the goal of: Helping the comrades who need us.
Because we are, as the motto of our medical service states,
As early as 2017, a joint declaration of intent was signed „Committed to humanity!“
by the inspectors of eight European medical services to
set up the Multinational Medical Coordination Centre as
part of the Framework Nations Concept (FNC) initiative. Dr. Michael Tempel
The aim of the FNC initiative is to strengthen NATO‘s Euro- Lieutenant General MC and
pean pillar, for which the German medical service has as- Surgeon General of the Bundeswehr
sumed responsibility. Before this year comes to a close,
the initial ability to coordinate the medical services in-
volved will be achieved. This is to be commemorated in
the middle of 2018 with a commissioning ceremony.
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18
COMMITTED TO HUMANITY
Committed to Humanity – 5
A Look at the Future of the European Medical Services
Late summer 2022: An unusually prolonged drought both organisations as necessary and therefore provide
leads to crop failures throughout the region. The supply the participating nations with the opportunity to make
situation of the local population is threatened with col- better use of the scarce resources of medical service ca-
lapse. This is affecting a border region which, due to the pabilities.
longstanding civil war in the neighbouring country, is
having to cope with a large number of refugees and in Through the work of the MMCC, the multinational medi-
which state order is eroding. The state‘s inability to cope cal service association required for this task can be put
with the crisis and reduce the growing tensions between together. After the nations‘ decision to intervene, ensu-
the population and the group of refugees is threatening ring the health care of the troops of the African Union can
to upset a fragile balance and thereby trigger a conflagra- make a small but decisive contribution to overcoming the
tion that would start largescale migration and destabilise crisis – and in order for Europe‘s interests to be safeguar-
a considerable number of nations. The United Nations has ded far beyond European borders – fully in keeping with
intervened and the African Union is adopting a common the understanding of security policy.
approach to respond to the rapidly evolving crisis.
The scenario described here is fictitious, but allows us to
The impacts of a major migration movement would affect look into the future of cooperation between European
Europe. This is reason enough for the institutions of the medical services. A future that is not fictitious, but a fu-
European Union (EU) to deal with this crisis and decide ture that has already begun.
on a European commitment. This is carried out by imple-
menting the EU‘s wider concept of security – a crisis far The Order of Events:
outside Europe whose impact affects key European inte-
rests is a task of the EU – for the protection of its citizens. On May 2, 2017, a new chapter in the cooperation of Euro-
pean medical services was opened up at the Ehrenbreit-
The African Union decides to send in troops to reestablish stein Fortress, a former Prussian fortress above the banks
control in the region and therefore create the basis for a of the Rhine in Koblenz with a view of the German Corner.
coordinated aid campaign. However, the health care for As a result, the foundation stone for something histori-
the planned multinational alliance cannot be guaranteed, cal was laid in a figurative sense in a historical location:
as no state considers itself to be in a position to build up the MMCC, which is to develop into the central element
health care for the soldiers. The joint approach threatens of the future cooperation structures of the European me-
to fail. dical services.
This is where the Multinational Medical Coordination
Centre (MMCC) comes in. The MMCC has been developed
as a coordinating element of European medical services
and, through its continuous work as an information hub
for medical services and a platform for joint further de-
velopment, has created an opportunity to rapidly bring
about multinational cooperation in this respect. The
MMCC‘s activities have achieved a degree of interoper-
ability between the medical services involved, which
means that the rapid deployment of a multinational me-
dical task force is dependent only on the political will of Signing of the Declaration of Intent for the future MMCC
the people‘s representatives of the nations and no longer, (Source: Bundeswehr/Bannert)
as has previously often been the caee, on legal, personnel,
material or organisational differences between the medi- In an official ceremony, the inspectors of the medical ser-
cal services. Through the MMCC‘s work as an independent vices of a total of eight European nations signed the joint
element of voluntary cooperation between nations out- Memorandum of Understanding to intensify the coopera-
side the NATO and EU command structure, it can support tion between the participating medical services in order
2018 Eu ro p ea n M i li t a r y M ed i c a l S er vi ce s EMMS
COMMITTED TO HUMANITY
6 to create the foundations for the MMCC and its further plemented (known as: Assurance), this also relates to the
development. medium- to longterm adaptation of the overall capability
disposition of the Alliance, with the aim of improving
For the participating nations, this is the next step in a NATO‘s response capability and responsiveness.
more intensive cooperation that began almost three
years ago within the Framework Nations Concept (FNC) These new demands on the capabilities of the NATO na-
initiative under the coordination and initiation of the tions are covered as individual planning targets for each
German Armed Forces‘ medical service. Since the end of ally in the NATO defence planning process. The Frame-
2014, medical services of European NATO states, starting work Nations Concept (FNC) serves to better fulfil these
with Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Po- NATO planning goals through closer voluntary coopera-
land, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Germany tion and systematic, mutual coordination under the mo-
– and supplemented by Lithuania in the meantime – have deration of a framework nation in this group.
decided to intensify – and above all structure – their co-
operation. The idea of structured and coordinated coope- The foundation for the development of the framework
ration under the leadership of a larger inspiring nation, nation concept was a NATO initiative formulated by Ger-
the framework nation, is the guiding principle of the FNC many as early as 2013. Since then, the concept has gath-
initiative, which focuses on European NATO states and ered 15 other nations around Germany as the framework
therefore intends to strengthen the European pillar of nation. In addition to widening the circle of participants,
NATO. the defence ministers of the 16 FNC nations decided in
2015/2016 to align their cooperation on NATO‘s RAP, to
The Framework Nations Concept jointly build up large, deployable troop units and to open
it up to European partner nations.
NATO has reacted to the serious changes in the security
situation since 2014 with the summit resolutions of Wales In the FNC Group, which is moderated by Germany, an ar-
in 2014 and Warsaw in 2016, and has taken fundamental chitecture of cooperation has developed which connects
decisions on the future direction that place the security the political decisionmaking level of the Ministers of De-
and protection of the Allies in the foreground. The core fence with the implementation levels of the ministerial
element is NATO‘s Readiness Action Plan (RAP). In additi- planners and armed forces of the participating nations on
on to the immediate measures that have already been im- the basis of regular meetings.
CBRN filters
Initial Surgery
Briefing
CBRN filters
OP-Lock Med Supply Spec. Diagnostic X-Ray C4I
Spec. Diagnostic Laboratory
Corridor Corridor Corridor free space
Reception
Patient holding Post-Op ER MPHU
Tech Support
Background
Structural plan of MN Role 2 B in the military training area
LEHNIN 2017 (Source: Bundeswehr/PIZ SanDstBw)
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18COMMITTED TO HUMANITY
At the end of 2014, the German medical service took over In order to ensure more effective and targetoriented multi- 7
responsibility for the „Medical Support“ cluster. Today, national cooperation of the medical services, the MMCC
nine European nations work together on a large number is set up as a multinational planning and coordination
of projects. Other nations have decided in favour of ob- element under the leadership of the medical service of
server status and might become actively involved in the the German Armed Forces and operated together with
cluster in the future. The fields of the cooperation and in- our FNC partners. The main task of the MMCC will be to
dividual projects have been jointly identified and cover create the necessary preconditions for the multinational
the existing capability gaps. As a result, the small circle medical service support of armed forces across the entire
of nations enables faster progress, with the cluster provi- spectrum of tasks. In this way, the MMCC is accelerating
ding the coordinative framework for structured coopera- the development that is already taking place of much
tion that was previously unavailable. more international cooperation and acting as an inter-
operability accelerator.
One of the visible signs of this successful cooperation was
the participation in the largest medical service exercise The setup personnel of the MMCC will be put into service
known as NATO VIGOROUS WARRIOR 2017 (VW17) in the on April 1, 2018 in the Rheinkaserne in Koblenz. The task
autumn of 2017 at the military training area in Lehnin, consists in the resourcesaving networking of the existing
as well as in Rostock-Warnemünde and Holzdorf (Elster). and required providers of expertise and the correspon-
During this exercise, a mobile medical service treatment ding coordination of the work.
facility from the participating nations was integrated into
the exercise scenario. T IONAL ME
I NA DI
LT
CA
MU
L
Examples of this coordinated cooperation are the joint- M M
ly developed „Standing Operating Procedures (SOP)“ of
this treatment facility, which will benefit all participating
nations in the future and can serve as a basis for further
C C
CO
RE
work. The final evaluation result of the FNC treatment O
RD
I N AT E NT
facility – „capable/minor risks identified“ – exceeded the ION C
expectations. The NATO Centre of Excellence for Military
Logo of the MMCC (source: Bundeswehr/Dittrich)
Medicine (MILMED COE), which has been making a signi-
ficant contribution to the transformation of the medical Here, a small group of permanently present soldiers will
services for many years, was also involved in the success coordinate the targeted exchange of information of a
of VW17. The experiences of VW17 will certainly influence very much larger network of medical service experts from
future planning. Nevertheless, there is still plenty of work the participating nations and other providers of expertise
that needs to be done in order to enable the interac- from NATO, the EU and the nations and therefore create
tion of the medical services of German and multinational the preconditions for increasing the interoperability of
forces within the framework of a large joint organisation, the medical services. It is already clear that there will need
possibly within a symmetrical scenario. to be new ways of working together for this purpose, as
the experts are often already fully involved in this in their
nations or multinational organisations. Nevertheless,
in order to be able to use their knowledge for the joint
further development of European medical services, new
forms of collaborative decentralised cooperation need
to be developed and established. Although this requires
a rethink on the part of all those involved, as aspects of
work organisation – some of which have been practised
for decades – will give way to new approaches, it is never-
theless necessary in the assessment of all those involved
in order to overcome the upcoming challenges with the
greatest possible multinational participation. Digitisation,
Transfer of an injured individual at VW17 networked decentralised working, the office of the future
(Source: Bundeswehr/Minh Vu) and Work 4.0 are just a few of the keywords that provide
an outlook of the innovations that need to be established.
2018 Eu ro p ea n M i li t a r y M ed i c a l S er vi ce s EMMSCOMMITTED TO HUMANITY
8 The European Defence Union NATO and the EU. Initially, this is to be carried out with
the participation of Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Roma-
In order to further underline the importance of increased nia, Sweden, Slovakia and the observers of Bulgaria, the
cooperation between European medical services, here is Czech Republic, France, Lithuania and Luxembourg.
a look at the European Union.
The duality of two initiatives with similar content (MMCC
The EU recently set a milestone in European security po- and EMC) from the medical service perspective can be
licy with the official launch of the „PESCO initiative“. At explained by the necessity of responding to current se-
the beginning of December 2017, the European Council curity policy developments in both organisations (NATO
for Foreign Affairs approved the fundamental document and the EU). First and foremost it is therefore necessary
at the level of the Heads of State and Government. All to synchronise the two projects – the MMCC within the
the EU Member States, with the exception of the United NATO FNC initiative and the EMC within the EU PESCO
Kingdom, Denmark and Malta, have agreed on closer co- initiative – in terms of content, to highlight the interrela-
operation in terms of their defence and security policy. tionships and possibilities to the participating nations
Permanent Structured Co-operation (PESCO): „Permanent and to avoid any duplication of effort. To this end, the ef-
Structured Cooperation“ is the name of the mechanism of forts undertaken in the coming months will be necessary
the EU Treaty which is to make this cooperation possible in order to interweave the developments of the European
in the future. PESCO initiative in a meaningful way in terms of content
with that which already exists – in addition to the consis-
The main objective of the initiative is to strengthen co- tent progress on the already planned path to the MMCC.
operation agreed on the basis of treaties with respect to
projects aimed at strengthening the EU‘s common se- The plans for a central coordinating element of Euro-
curity and defence policy. For this purpose, the nations pean medical services are ambitious, require imagination
propose projects and implement them under the coordi- and perseverance and are being met today with a certain
nation of the EU together with the participating nations. degree of scepticism. But everything that is new needs
At the beginning of the initiative, a list of 17 projects is to to be convincing and therefore earn its justification. And
be initially approved by the European Council of Foreign this will be achieved. And it is necessary to point out one
Affairs in the spring of 2018 and these projects then im- further aspect to the sceptics: What we know today as the
plemented by the nations. European Union started with six nations – eight nations
have already committed themselves to the establishment
As the „Lead Nation“, Germany is responsible for the pro- of the MMCC.
jects „Network of Logistic Hubs in Europe and Support to
Operations“, „Military Mobility“, „European Union Training The attainable progress is worth all the effort – as the Eu-
Mission Competence Centre“ (EU TMCC), „EUFOR Crisis ropean medical services are jointly „Dedicated to humani-
Response Operation Core“ (EUFOR CROC) and the „Euro- ty!“ – fully in line with the motto of the medical services of
pean Medical Command (EMC)“. the German Federal Armed Forces
The main task of the EMC is to provide and coordinate Alexander Jäckel
medical skills and services. Other tasks will be to create Lieutenant Colonel
synergies through the harmonisation of common stan- Bundeswehr Medical Service Headquarters
dards, the improvement of the rescue chain, personnel Unterabteilung I – 1.5
management and material support for deployments and Von-Kuhl-Straße 50
the bringing together of measures for medical care in 56070 Koblenz
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18INTERVIEW
A Step into the Future with MMCC‘s First Director 9
In December last year, the Surgeon General of the Bundeswehr, announced to the nations participating in the
project that Brigadier General (Medical Corps) Bruno Most is to be the first Director of the „Multinational Medi-
cal Coordination Center“ (MMCC).
Interview with Brigadier General Bruno Most
What does your task involve? What has already been achieved and what steps do
you see for the near and distant future?
During the course of the security policy upheavals of the
past few years, in particular the impressions resulting The signing of a letter of intent by eight Surgeon Generals
from the Ukrainian conflict and the annexation of the on May 2 last year at Ehrenbreitstein Fortress was a sym-
Crimea, NATO has adopted a Framework Nation Concept bolic starting signal for us. Since then, we have been draw-
(FNC) in which key questions of operational readiness are ing up the tasks together with a small team which the
being further developed by the larger framework nations Centre is to carry out in the future and have identified and
with partner states. Among other things, Germany has de- included their expectations in numerous discussions with
clared its willingness to perform this guiding function in the participating nations. With the decision of the Surgeon
the area of medical assistance. As a result, we have de- General of the Bundeswehr to appoint me as the Director
veloped the idea of an „MMCC“, which among other things of the Formation Staff, we have a direct contact person
is designed to optimise the setting up and management for the Surgeon Generals of the partner nations for any
of medical staff. This project is currently being developed questions. On 1st April 2018, we have moved into our new
here in Koblenz. My task as the first Director is to get this location in the Rhine Barracks with the installation staff
centre up and running. and will be visibly demonstrating in May with an „Initial
Operating Capability Ceremony“ that we have the initial
capabilities to do our work. Our two Liaison Officers from
the Netherlands and Norway, who are actively involved
in the MMCC Task Force, are playing a major role in this.
2018 Eu ro p ea n M i li t a r y M ed i c a l S er vi ce s EMMSINTERVIEW
10 How is the cooperation with the Liaison Officers
developing?
With their arrival, our two Liaison Officers have indicated
that in addition to their classical liaison work, they con-
sider the core of their task to be their involvement in the
MMCC project. In the coming year, I hope that other na-
tions will follow this path and advance our project, either
by being present in Koblenz or by participating in it from
their respective national workplaces.
What form does the daily interaction take? „Thinktank“ for designing the MMCC
My colleagues and I are increasingly internationalizing Germany is not only the leading nation for the
our staff work. This also means that the staff meetings at „MMCC“ NATO project, but also for the „European Me-
our centre are conducted in English as the working lan- dical Command (EMC)“ PESCO project of the EU. What
guage. Our products are understandably all in English. is the relationship between the two projects?
However, the idea of multinationalisation must not end
at the entrance to our new centre. We also have to con- PESCO (Permanent Structured Cooperation) is an expres-
sistently multinationalise the entire Medical Service more sion of the EU‘s security policy efforts to be able to meet
and more in order to fulfil our role as a leading and frame- challenges with its own forces and concepts. However,
work nation. I am expecting impetus for our work in this this does not compete with the idea of the NATO Frame-
respect from our subordinate medical service skills units. work Nation Concept, which is intended to strengthen the
I have high hopes in particular for English-language trai- European pillar. On the contrary, it is important to recon-
ning courses offered by the Bundeswehr Medical Service cile the two initiatives with the same resources. My team
Academy. and I see the EU‘s mission as an addition and a further
mainstay. As an idea, EMC does not describe a claim to
Where do you see the core tasks of the future MMCC? leadership that builds on instructions, but rather an insti-
tution that coordinates services and is therefore a service
We see ourselves as a working muscle for operational provider for deployments of the EU. This means that we
medical service issues – primarily of the European NATO are moving in the same territory that I described earlier
nations – but equally for the military staff of the European for the MMCC task. The challenge for me as the Director is
Union and as a partner for missions of the United Nations now to harmonise the two projects with one another and
(UN). Specifically, we want to coordinate the develop- to win over the various accession countries for this com-
ment of medical services capabilities, create products for mon approach in numerous individual discussions.
medical services planning for NATO and the EU, harmo-
nize medical services deployment planning in various I would like to thank you for the interview, Brigadier General,
areas such as NATO, the EU and the UN with one an- and wish you every success in this task!
other and also offer services such as management of
the wounded and medical logistics for the future. One The interview was conducted by
special building block will be products and information Matthias Frank, Lieutenant Colonel
in the area of health protection for the operational Press and Information Centre
contingents. Together with our partners, we want to of the Bundeswehr Medical Service
further develop the internationally acclaimed system of
our „Medical Intelligence“.
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18Almanc-2017-UB-11 18.01.17 15:17 Seite 33
PORTRAITS OF THE EIGHT PARTICIPATING MEDICAL SERVICES IN MMCC
BELGIUM
Kingdom of Belgium 11
Kingdom of Belgium
Capital: .......................................... Brussels
Capital:........................................................Brussels
Area: .............................................. 30 526
Area:............................................................30 526km²
km²
Population: ..................................................11
Population: .................................... 11 303 528 267 910
Official
Official Language:........................................Dutch,
Language: ........................... Dutch, French, French,
German German
Armed Forces Personnel:..............................27 775 (military)
Armed Forces Personnel: ................. 27 594
1 490 (civilians)
Medical Officers: ............................. 61
Medical Officers:..........................................68
Military Hospitals/Institutes: ........... 1/0
Military Hospitals/Institutes:.......................1/0
Missions: ........................................ multiple
Missions:.....................................................multiple
Defence Staff
Operational Command of the
Medical Component
(COMOPSMED)
Defence Staff
Queen Elisabeth Barracks
Surgeon General Operational
Medical Component Commander Command
Rue d’Evere 1 of the Medical
Geert Laire MD Pierre Neirinckx MD B-1140 Brussels (Evere)
Component (COMOPSMED)
Major General Major General MC BELGIUM
Queen Elisabeth Barracks
Surgeon General Medical Component Commander Rue d’Evere 1
Basic
Geert Task
Laire MDof the Military Medical
Pierre Service
Neirinckx MD The Belgian Medical Component
B-1140 is – similar to the Land, Air
Brussels (Evere)
The main mission of the Belgian Medical Component is to and Naval Components – part of the Intervention Force under
Major
ensureGeneral
the provision Major
MC of medical General
support defence activi- custody of the BELGIUM
to allMC Assistant Chief of Staff Operations and Trai-
ties assigned to the Land, Air and Navy Component, accor- ning, who is ultimately supervising the overall preparation
ding to their level of ambition, both at home and abroad, and and deployment of military operational units and capacities.
subsequently to secure adequate medical evacuation from In agreement with the operational ambition, the Medical
Basic Task of the Military Medical
the operational theatre. within the Military
Component spans FIVEHospital.
ElementsOne forout of five
Medical has been
Intervention
Over and above that, the Medical Service is to maintain phy- assigned the responsibility
geographically spread across of the
thecountry
production,
and ONEstorage and
military
Service
sical and mental integrity of all Defence personnel during hospital in the
distribution of capital
medical cityequipment
of Brussels.and supplies. Each of
(allied) military operations and training exercises and during The Elements for Medical Intervention (EMI 1 to 5) are static
The main mission of
daily business, in the
orderBelgian Medical
to maximize Component
medical is
readiness and the other containing
facilities EMI is mainly oriented
all the personneltowards particular
and material needs
resources
to ensure the provision
to guarantee of medical
commanders support tohaving
permanently all defence
healthy and/or assets
necessary of medical
for the deployment support,
of a Rolesuch asRole
1 or a aeromedical
2 MTF in
deployable
activities assignedforces
to theto achieve their
Land, Air andmissions. To that effect,
Navy Component, direct support
evacuation, of thedecontamination,
CBRN combat units, except orfor
inthe specialized
specific aid to
the Medical Service medical care providers who are employed within the Military
according to their
1. develops level health
strategic of ambition,
policy; both at home and maritime, light brigade, paratroopers or Special
Hospital. One out of five has been assigned the responsibi- Forces
abroad, and subsequently
2. provides to secure
territorial garrison healthadequate medical
care and specialized Group
lity of operations
the production, etc. storage
An EMIand is also where the
distribution Medical
of medical
hospital
evacuation fromcare
thetooperational
the Belgian theatre.
Defence military and civilian equipment and
Component supplies.designs,
envisions, Each of prepares
the other EMI
andistrains
mainlyits
personnel; and oriented towards particular needs and/or assets of medical
3. assists in their medical preparedness through medical own medical
support, suchteams and modules
as aeromedical up to combat
evacuation, readiness
CBRN decontami-
Structureselection and fit-for-duty evaluation. fornation,
the required spectrum of military activities. The
or in specific aid to maritime, light brigade, paratroo- central
Military Hospital Queen Astrid (Role 4) on the other
Structure
The Belgian Medical Component is – similar to the Land, hand, provides a limited lying-in facility as well as an
Air and Naval Components – part of the Intervention outpatient clinic in selected medical disciplines, medical
Force under custody of the Assistant Chief of Staff Opera- imaging and laboratory services and hosts among others
tions and Training, who is ultimately supervising the over- an emergency and disaster medical services system, a
all preparation and deployment of military operational burn care unit, a centre for hyperbaric oxygen therapy, a
units and capacities. In agreement with the operational physiotherapy and rehabilitation unit, a centre for mental
ambition, the Medical Component spans FIVE Elements health care, the military centre for aviation medicine, the
for Medical Intervention geographically spread across the centre for medical fitness assessment etc. (see the section
country and ONE military hospital in the capital city of ’Military Hospital‘)
Brussels.
The Component has also a Medical Competence Cen-
The Elements for Medical Intervention (EMI 1 to 5) are tre for teaching both medical and combatant (non-
static facilities containing all the personnel and material medical) personnel, with the exception of the graduate
resources necessary for the deployment of a Role 1 or a and post graduate education of all medical professionals
Role 2ALMANAC
MTF in direct support of the combat units, except for
Military Medical Corps Worldwide – Edition 2017
(physicians, physiotherapists, veterinarians, nurses etc.)
33
the specialized medical care providers who are employed which takes place in civilian universities and medical
2018 Eu ro p ea n M i li t a r y M ed i c a l S er vi ce s EMMSBELGIUM
12 schools. This Centre is collocated with the Military Hospital lic through cost refund. Especially in these three fields of
and thus easily allows for increased educational efficiency expertise, the Military Hospital contributes in the context
and interchangeability of human resources. of aid to the nation.
Finally, the Staff of the Operational Command of the Since, as a consequence, the Military Hospital is not a
Medical Component (COMOPSMED), situated on the same genuine general hospital, multilateral collaboration with
campus as the Defence Staff in Evere, nearby Brussels, is civilian partners have become of utmost importance. In
responsible for the organization and implementation of this way, the Military Hospital holds several partnerships
the military garrison and operational health care portfolio with university hospitals in the neighbourhood and even
to the beneficiary Defence personnel. provides to one of these, part of its infrastructure. Be-
sides, where necessary, Defence personnel will be refer-
Military Hospital red to the civilian health care services and can get their
costs reimbursed.
The mission of the Military Hospital Queen Astrid is three
fold: (1) to hold medical capabilities in stand by and to Secondly, the Military Hospital holds an important role
preserve and train medical skills, necessary to support as a medical training facility to maintain skills and com-
operations, in theatre as well as on the national territo- petencies tailored to military operational medicine and
ry; (2) to contribute to the medical readiness of the de- serves as a reach back capability for the deployed medi-
ployable forces; (3) finally, with all non-deployed capa- cal forces. Moreover, the hospital is a key player when it
cities, to participate in the Defence aid to the nation. comes to scientific research and development of innova-
tive technology and treat ment in certain niche activities
One of the main service objectives to achieve this mission that are of military concern such as infectious diseases,
is providing specialist medical care tailored to the mili- septic surgery, wound healing etc. The laboratory for mo-
tary duty. The Military Hospital is not a distinct hospital in lecular and cellular technology works closely together
the traditional sense, but manages a number of special- with several national and international (academic) part-
ized health care services in specific domains of military ners and concentrates on the development of skin sub-
interest. That is why its activities are primarily focused stitutes, on safety improvement of skin and keratinocy-
on pre-hospital emergency care and disaster medicine, te grafts, on the molecular epidemiology of resistant
micro-organisms and on bacteriophages therapy. The la-
boratory for clinical biology, on the other hand, has been
recognized as a national centre of reference for zoonotic
diseases (Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia and Anaplasma).
Number of the Medical Service
Personnel
The Belgian Medical Component numbers approximately
1500 service members, of which 61 are medical officers
(almost 65 % qualified general physicians and emer-
gency physicians), 18 qualified physiotherapists, 5 den-
tal officers, 9 veterinary doctors and 25 pharmacists. An
aggressive recruitment campaign will result during the co-
Military Hospital ”Koningin Astrid“ ming years in a significant increase of this Medical Techni-
cal Corps with about 67 employees. Beside these medical
burn care, traumatology, orthopedic surgery and reha- technicians, another 60 officers constitute the Medical
bilitation, travel medicine, hyperbaric medicine, mental Support Corps of the Component. Moreover, 10 occu-
health care and crisis psychology. These hospital facilities pational medicine and 8 medical advisors serve with-
are merely dedicated for the treatment of beneficiary ac- in the Well-being staff department of the Belgian Armed
tive military and civilian Defence personnel. However, the Forces Command.
burn care centre, being a national centre of excellence, the
centre for hyperbaric oxygen therapy and the emergency
medical services, both integrated in the Capitals emer-
gency and disaster relief system, are open to the pub-
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18BELGIUM
Field Deployments According to the political guidance, the mission of the 13
Belgian Medical Component is to participate to joint
The Belgian medical evacuation chain concept starts with medical support inthe framework of EU, NATO or UN
thorough self-aid and buddy-aid at the combatant level operations by filling either advisory orinternational staff
(combat life saver and aidman) all the way through EMT positions either delivering Role 1, Role 2B and Role 2E
support, followed by emergency nursing and physician capabilities conform and tailored to the activities, opera-
medical care, ending up, as needed, in initial surgical care tions and level of ambition of the other components or
(light forward surgical teams) and definitive surgery in va- independently on its own.
riable compositions of MTF modules.
Missions
Flying the upcoming light transport helicopter NH-90
might soon result in new challenges for the flight sur- Belgian military medical teams contribute to several
geons when it comes to optimizing the tactical aerome- EU-, NATO- and UN-led operations worldwide providing
dical evacuation policy. medical support to Belgian contingents and multinatio-
nal forces. Medical Component personnel are currently
State-of-the-art retrieval of the sick and wounded sol- deployed with units serving in Afghanistan (RSM), Iraq
diers from the operational theatre completes this process (OVP), Jordan (ODF), Mali (EUTM), the Central African Re-
of care. To that purpose, the Belgian Medical Component public (EUTM), the Baltic States (EAPM and EFP), Refugee
operates a dedicated strategic aeromedical evacuation Relief Operations in the Mediterranean Sea (EUNAVFOR-
program in close collaboration with the European Avia- MED), and on various locations in the Democratic Repub-
tion Transport Command (EATC). Specialized assets in- lic of Congo. Previous overseas missions have included
clude certified aeromedical crews and various types of i.a. Lebanon (UNIFIL), ISAF-theatres in Afghanistan and
patient transport units. the Indian Ocean / Somalia Coast (ATALANTA). Since the
terrorist attacks of 22 March 2016, Belgian military medi-
cal personal participates in Homeland Ops. Moreover the
medical component contributes to stand-by operations
such as EUBG and NRF/VJTF.
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CZECH
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Czech
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Czech Republic
Capital:........................................................Prague
Capital:
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Capital:........................................................Prague
Capital:........................................................Prague
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Brigades, Battalions
patients are the
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members of the
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Regional Medical Treatment Center
14 x 2x Health Sciences
other authorities regarding force health protection,Roleme-
Military Hospital
1 90% of the Role 1 patients in the military hospitals are civilians.
Hradec Králové
6 th Field Hospital Prague
Central MilitaryMilitary Hospital
Olomouc Military Medicine Agency Brigades,AEBattalions
/ Medical Rescue Center Military Veterinary Institute
Brigades, Air Bases University
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dical supply activities,
Hospital Prague
Brno medical assistance
(Surgeon General) and crisis ma- The hospitals have twoHradec sources
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of funding: reimburse-
7 th Field Hospital Medical Material Center Military Canine Center
Faculty of Military
Přáslavice
nagement. MilitaryAviation Hospital 6 th Field Hospital AE / Medical
14 x Rescue Center ment from 2 the
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x health insurance
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Brno Medicine Role 1 Role 1 Prostějov
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7 th Field Hospital funding
Military Medical Institute
Medical Material Center from the
Bio Defence Department
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Žatec
Přáslavice Defence.
Bechyně
Military hospitals
Regional Medical Treatment Center
The Military Medical Aviation Medicine
Institute Prague
Department, which is within the assess the health status ofŽatec soldiers
Vyškov
Hradec Králové in active duty and ap-
Hospital Support Company Military Medical Institute Bio Defence Department
6 th Field Hospital AE / Medical Rescue Center Military Veterinary Institute Prague
MoD Support Division
Military Hospital
Brno
structure, is responsible for me- plicants (recruits) to join the Armed
Prostějov
Forces of the Czech
ALMANAC Military Medical Corps Worldwide – Edition 2017
dical strategy
82 and policy, medical concepts
7 th Field Hospital and medicalMedical Material Center Republic.Military They play
Canine Centera key role in providing a medical trai-
Přáslavice
Vyškov
legality. It Aviation
isInstitute
also responsible
Medicine for cooperation with the De- ning to military medical personnel.
Prague Hospital Support Company Military Medical Institute ALMANAC Military
Bio Defence Department Medical Corps ŽatecWorldwide – Edition 2017
82
partment of Organization Management of MoD, Ministry
EM M S Eu ropea n M ilitar y M edical S er vices 2 0 18
ALMANAC Military Medical Corps Worldwide – Edition 2017
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