GARDENTON BUKOVYNIAN WEDDING XIII SUSK CONGRESS-OTTAWA 1972 - QUEBEC CARNIVAL '73 - SUSK: Ukrainian Canadian ...
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INSIDE
QUEBEC CARNIVAL '73
MULTICULTURALISM
AND THE FEDERAL ELECTION
MESSAGE FROM THE SUSK PRESIDENT
GARDENTON BUKOVYNIAN WEDDING
XIII SUSK CONGRESS-OTTAWA 1972
: :: .
PAGE 2
STUDENT
» ETUOI ANT
UKRAINIAN CANADIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' UNION
1972
STUDENT Editorial Board
culture, but what percentage of the
Most of you optimists will disagree Ukrainian population speaks
Editors: To the editor:
with this theory, but only on Ukrainian, and of this percentage
Halya Kuchmij It has been expressed by various —
technical grounds there are no
Walter Dashko sources thatToronto will become the what percentage is not ashamed to
facts to support this hypothesis. But, use it when talking
new Jerusalem of Ukramianism in what is happening
to their
in order to realize
Ukrainian friends in public? How
Articles Canada However,
. these
in your community, one does not many righteous people who
Myroslav Shkandry distinguished and knowledgeable of these
require figures and data and per-
people are totally misinformed. At know the language look down upon
centages. One requires only a little who do not? What
Features: the same time, they misinform the those Ukrainians
realistic common sense. Sure, you
Olenka Demianchuk Ukrainian people, whose work percentage of this proud group of
community has become have your organizations, your Ukrainians who know the language
within the
churches, your literary and art is more concerned with their own
Art: completely fruitless and irrelevant.
clubs, your resort areas, but these which
Luba Huzan There will be no Renaissance of neo- economic well-being
archaic establishments smell from manifests an egotistic arrogance
Ukrainianism in Toronto or
their own stagnation. Sure, you have
Literary: anywhere else in Canada for that toward one another than about the
Bohdan Chomiak matter. You are fooling yourselves if
CYM, ODYM, MYNO, Plast and maintenance and development of
countless other organizations, but
Irk a Maltaryk you believe in some kind of Ukrainian culture?
emergence and proliferation of what percentage of the Ukrainian
youth belong to these organizations, KYK in Toronto is now supposedly
Advertising Ukrainian culture and you know it! an analysis of the
and what percentage of this per- initiating
Yurko Klufas But it is difficult for you to accept
centage continue in these Ukrainian community in order to
Marika Dorosh this. You are a stubborn nation in the
organizations to provide them with determine these and other figures.
ocean of the world, which has
Distribution the necessary sap of vitality, life and This is an extremely necessary
managed throughout historical
project because it will indicate just
Ihor Solowka freshness? Sure, you have your
times to crest a wave a number of
submerge again into churches — supposedly one of the how quickly the Ukrainian com-
Typists:
times only to
the deeps of suppression. Only this
mainstays of a culture — but what munity is dying. How many of you
percentage of Ukrainian youth at- will truly be surprised by their
Anna Padyk time the pressure of the depths is too
Marta Terebenc tend masses, and what percentage findings? It is a proven scientific
great. You are lost sheep in a foreign without an influx of
of this percentage go there only for fact that
land attempting to attain some sort
personal social reasons? Sure, you revitalization — whether it be in
of mutual Ukrainian identity in an
have Ukrainian courses in numbers, in ideas or in vigour
—
age and environment that will not
universities and now in some high death is inevitable. An individual
EDITORIAL permit such a luxury. You suffer
from schizophrenia; because you
schools, but what percentage of dies because of the deterioration of
cellular
This year, STUDENT the official are attempting the impossible — Ukrainian students are taking the co-ordinating
them? Sure, you have Ukrainian mechanisms necessary for the
newspaper of the Ukrainian trying maintain an archaic,
to
schools, but are any of them in- maintenance of life; an ideology dies
Canadian University Students' traditional culture in this ac-
novative or experiential to the because of its inability to be relevant
Union be four years For celerating and complicated age of
to the conditions of the times; and
will old.
students forced to go to them?
these past four years STUDENT has technology
our world will die due to the
Language is another mainstay of a
been constantly criticized for many depletion of its resources and the
~
things: the fact that it is not extinction of the sun, And so, the
representative of the Ukrainian Ukrainian culture will pass away
Canadian student body across because of the lack of revitalization
Canada, that it is either too radical and the subsequent loss of
or not radical enough, that it is adherents. The Ukrainian culture
limited in perspective, that it comes will become a relic of the past, in-
out irregularly, that it is a Toronto teresting only to anthropologists and
based newspaper that does not curious museum-goers. If there are
exceed its own geographic boun- no changes in the style and design of
daries, etc. ad nauseum. Criticism
a machine and its motor is not cared
such as this is similar to many
for, then it will rust away due to the
drugs helpful if judiciously injected
erosional effects of time and en-
:
in small doses, but deadly if un- fv vironment. It becomes obsolete. The
thinkingly applied. It is time that the
stagnating Ukrainian culture is now
students of SUSK looked at them-
an antique, a curio, in this in-
selves and at STUDENT in the rapid-changing
novative and
proper perspective.
First of all, let there be no
H technological age. It has not been
able to cope with the environment,
illusions of grandeur about the
editorial staff. These dozen or so
people are all students who give of
T nor to adapt to the present times; it
is time to perform the autopsy.
their time between classes and
— FEECH
studying to work on the newspaper.
They are responsible and committed
individuals who feel that the time
spent on STUDENT is necessary and
Subscribe Now!
vital to the development of the
Ukrainian Canadian community. Name
Secondly, no one in Toron'.j or
anywhere else that matter is
for Address..
going to sacrifice themselves to put
out a half-hearted STUDENT when
articles do not come in. Time and
time again, as has been the case in
the previous years, the editorial Subscription paid by
staff has literally begged for ar-
ticles, letters, poetry, etc. with no cheque
result. It is a clear cut case; if there
money order
are no articles submitted there will
be no STUDENT. We feel that Clip and mall this subscription form te:
STUDENT is one of the most
significant instruments of com-
STUDENT Editorial Board
munication for the Ukrainian «7 ilarbord Si..
Canadian student body across Toronto 4, Ontario.
Canada. It would be suicide if the
newspaper was dissolved. Therefore Subscription rales: year (12 issues regardless of possible irregularity In
we are appealing to you the student
body to help us out in maintaining
printing) — $2.50
STUDENT. We at our end of the
newspaper will do as much as we A 4b*rm©* bciHIe,
can to facilitate this communication.
— Halya Kuchmij
.
STUDENT OCTOBER 1972 PAGE 3
I
Message from the President
About two years ago the Royal Commission on Biiingualism
and
Biculturalism tabled its fourth book entitled "The Cultural Contribution
of
the Other Ethnic Groups." Like the books before it,
the Fourth Volume We have said that these insilitutions etc., help people maintain and
declared Canada to be a bilingual and bicultural country. develop their Ukrainianism. but what is this Ukrainianism we are
On October Prime Minster Trudeau tabled a policy statement in
8th, 1972, developing? To this question I feel I can only give a partial answer, but one
the House of Commons which, unlike the Fourth Volume, declared that can be practically applied.
Canada to
be a multicultural country "within a bilingual framework." Ukrainianism is not citizenship -
The change except perhaps in Ukraine Culture is
from biculturalism to multiculturalism was not merely an afterthought, not something genetic it is something passed
nor -
on through generations "and it
did it come out of a vacuum, but was the result of hard work is always changing as it
on the part of develops. Therefore, t am not born a Ukrainian
various ethnic groups. though I was born a Canadian. My Ukrainianism
is inherited from mv
The difference between the two positions was that one recognized parents and the community. That Ukrainianism
is ever-changing
Ukrainian-Canadians as a community and the other did not. It is S ag6 m
Ur devel °P ««.
the all- be Ukrainian largely means to have a
important question of the destiny of our community to which «hV Zi'l
shared l 2 a perceived
and
I want to ad- history common fate. This means that Ukrainians in
dress this message. Canada are the same as Ukrainians in Ukraine in extent.
The full thrust of defining Ca"->da as bicultural was to challenge our
We perceive ex-
inction as a common fate. Yet Ukrainians in
I Canada are completely dif-
definition of ourselves as a community. Whereas I as an individual ferent from Ukrainians in Ukraine in the
sense that we have experienced an
Ukrainian in Canada may fit into an "English speaking and French speaking immigration and they the repression of the Soviet State.
What I am about to
country", the Ukrainian community certainly does not. Quite obviously say about building a sense of community will
the also apply to building a sense of
Ukrainian community does not fit into the English speaking or French ' nationhood and therefore can involve Ukrainians in
Ukraine
speaking Canada, and therefore belongs to neither. Therefore, To be Ukrainian today also means to feel a sense of
either concern and respon-
Canada is not basically English and French speaking or we are not a com- |
sibility - in one word - a sense of communion -
with other people who
munity. define themselves as Ukrainian. Finally, what
is most important is that a
What then does it mean to say that we are a community? person can feel more and more Ukrainian by making
Ukrainian activities
The world "community" may be used loosely to identify a number of in- and experiences a large part of his life
dividuals in a society who share a common interest. Thus for example
you We can now begin to understand what the process of our development
have a community of poor people, ft is at least of passing interest to us that I entails It is through the sharing of activities
and experiences that people
whereas the link in our community is a positive one, (i.e. an advantageous
one for the individual, the precise opposite is the case with many other uses
)
of the word in this wide sense i.e. a poor person does not want
)
(
is not essential to the term. Clearly when we say we
mean more than that we share a common interest.
to have the
negative link of being poor. It would be trite to add that a geographical base
are a community we
'
,
I
™
begin feeling a sense of communion with others.
S&
l e community that they
t
common',^ " " ' ' ha
This type of analysis provides the individual with
'
It is through that feeling of
communion that people begin to define themselves as a community
relate to activities and experiences in the
they begin "° " erai
It is
- a
an understanding
Unlike voluntary associations or other groupings in our society, our framework with which to approach the community. Firstly, as a
| student in a
community has various institutions and represents a number of social city like Regina for example I begin to
understand my role in terms of the
|
processes. Within our community we find various archives, museums, and local community, the national Ukrainian
. community and the nation as a
cultural centers, as well as a child socialization process, a social welfare whole. As either an individual, or working through the
I I local students club I
process, and an educational process, etc. ' see myself as an integral part of the community. Feeling
a sense of concern
If we remember that our community has a cultural base, or responsibility for the community whether on a local
and if we I
I
or national level I
remember that ours is a social unit which encompasses whole institutions I
look to see what needs are not being met by the institutions
that exist Is
and social processes, then it is easy to understand why biculturalism was so there a ndna schkola? Are there courses of Ukrainosnavstvo?
I Are there
repulsive to our people. I 1
Ukrainian language and context courses in the public school system?
In the
Given that our community has institutions and processes, what purpose do High Schools? At the University? Of what quality are they? Is there
a
they serve? It is my contention that these institutions etc., serve to help communication network in my local community? Are there newsletters?
people maintain and develop their "Ukrainianism". Ideally, our community Are there radio programs? Are there T V. programs? Of what quality are
over time will achieve institutional completeness, it will have all the I
they? Are there social welfare services provided for in my local community?
elements necessary to bring a child up to be Ukrainian, or to help anyone Are there day care centers? Are there Homes for parentless children? Are
who wishes to enter the community. Institutional completeness implies self there legal aid panels for the Ukrainian community? Are there medical
perpetuity, and coordination of the institutions that exist to fulfill the goal to clinics? Are there old folks homes? Is there leadership in the community? Is
which the institutions are directed. the Ukrainian Canada Committee leading the community in filling
these
While institutional completeness implies cultural institutions that are needs? Are there youth organizations in the community that help to instill a
uniquely Ukrainian, it does not imply isolation from the overall society. In sense of Ukrainianism in children? etc.
order to achieve institutional completeness, we will have to share certain !
On a national basis, the same types of questions can be asked. For it is only
institutions with the outside society, for example, Ukrainian classes in the through the satisfactory workings of these types of institutions that a sense
public school system. Finally, there will always be many things that affect of true communion can be built. Without that sense of communion,
the
us as citizens in the overall society which will have nothing to do with our existence of a Ukrainian community is in peril.
cultural life and therefore nothing to do with the cultural community. Andrij Semotiuk
MULTICULTURALISM transmit the full meaning and weight of another culture. It is necessary that
Last October in Winnipeg, Prime Minister Trudeau finally announced the
long awaited government policy on the issue of Multiculturalism. Since the use of all languages be encouraged in a real and substantial manner. At
the
inception of the government's stand on multiculturalism, Canada's ethnic the same time it is recognized that one or two languages will dominate in the
minorities have been waiting with great anticipation for some concrete commercial and government fields and in interaction between various
indication of the Government's sincerity regarding its commitment to ethno-cultural communities.
its
own policies. It seems, however, that the Government has been moving The communications media represent one of the most important areas of
rather cautiously in this area in spite of the growing discontent arising concern in the formation and dissemination of any culture. It is through
from
within the various ethnic communities. The basts for this discontent appears ideas and information spread by the media that a feeling of community is
to be the apparently tokenistic and superficial implementation developed. Media serve as tools in the development and dissemination of
of the
Federal Government's policy to date. culture. It stands to reason that those who exercise effective control over the
With this in mind, the Ukrainian Canadian University Students' Union, at media can to a large extent impose their values on a relatively helpless
its XII 1 Congress held in Ottawa September 1st to population. The American experience bears out the dangers of such a
4th, resolved that the issue
of multiculturalism should be brought to the forefront in the upcoming situation.
Federal election. The national executive of U.C. U.S. U. was instructed by the In Canada the CRTC has enacted regulations which discriminate against
Congress to solicit the views of all candidates running in the election by the use of languages other than English or French in the broadcasting
circulating a questionnaire formulated to elicit their opinions on media. It is self-evident that such practices are intolerable
multiculturalism. The responses to those questionnaires shall then But language by itself is not nearly enough. It is necessary for all
be
analyzed and the results brought to the public's attention. segments of Canadian society to have access to the public media for their
It is hoped that this campaign shall not only serve to create an awareness own use. The technological problems involved in such an approach are being
among the voting public as to the issues surrounding the multicultural policy solved by the use of video-tape recorders, cable television, and community
and the possible solutions offered by their respective candidates, but that by broadcasting.
the same token it shall also inform the politicians of the needs and The area of social services provides perhaps the most fruitful field for the
desires of
the ethno-cultural communities in Canada. Therefore, by enforcing application of a multi -cultural policy. Each cultural group has problems
the
controversial multicultural policy into becoming an election issue, the which are peculiar to itself and which can only be really understood by
U.C.U.S.U. hopes to focus the public's attention on the problem and in this members of that group. For example, the problems an Indian faces when
way attempt to facilitate a better understanding which might result in moving from a reserve to a city can only be understood by another Indian
alleviating the inequities which the policy has manifested. who has faced the same transation, and not by some bureaucrat who has
spent the last twenty years polishing a chair with the seat of his party in
MULTICULTURALISM AND CANADIAN SOCIETY Ottawa.
Even in problem areas which are common to all groups, such as
A serious attempt at encouraging ethno-cultural pluralism would involve marriage break-ups, alcoholism, neglect of the old, different attitudes and
a re-appraisal of all aspects of Canadian society. solutions prevail in different groups. The introduction of well-wishing but
In the past two decades there has been a
commendable growth in human ignorant social workers into such a situation often only excaberates the
rights legislation in Canada. All of it has, however,
one flaw in common, for original problem. We must learn to use the norms and standards prevalent
existing human rights legislation fails to differentiate in a group to solve social problems involving members of the group.
between the rights of
individuals and those of groups. For example,
prohibiting discrimination In a pluralistic society some groups develop processes which are more
against the individual because of his ethnic origin
does not prevent effective than those of other groups involving social questions. The careful
government or private institutions from discriminating introduction of other groups to these solutions would raise the standard of
against the
languages and cultures of minority groups. It is necessary
that any future living of the whole nation. A pluralistic society allows us to take a more
Bill of Rights guarantee in unequivocal terms the rights
of cultural erouDS of diversified approach to solving social problems, It presents the nation with a
growth and development. series of viable methods from which to choose.
In postulating a multicultural
Canada we immediately face the question
of language. Language is the
vehicle of culture. Each language i rS cont 'd
of a unique set of socio^ultural
conditions and thus cannot be feadily used to
:
PAGE 4 OCTOBER 1972 STUDENT
CLUB NEWS [
Montreal Vancouver
especially well received. With
1971-72 regard to Canadian matters, the
The Quebec Carnival will again be
Ukrainian students Pres.— Barbara Mysko topic of Ukrainian cultural
a reality for
Vice-P.—Bill Szewczuk development brought three speakers
from across Canada and the States.
Sec.— Janet Tofin to the club: Mr. Brian Marshall,
In view of the highly successful trips
to the Quebec Carnival in the —
Treas. Zeone Andrijashyn citizenship officer of the Depart-
P.R.O.— Bill Lebedowich ment of Secretary of State of the
past, the Quebec Carnival Com-
Cult.com.— Andrew Semotiuk Federal Government, speaking on
mittee has decided to perpetuate
Mariyka Haydymowska the new multicultural policy:
this tradition with yet another
Soc. Com. —Bill Humenny Professor Revutsky on Thunder
"rendez-vous a Quebec". This
Bay's Festival of the Arts and on the
retreat into a winter wonderland will
1972- 73 planned Ukrainian language course
take place on the last weekend of the
Bill Lebedowich at U.B.C. Dorio Lucich on the
Carnival, that is, from
:
Quebec
Mariyka Haydymowska Festival of the Arts and the
Friday the 23rd to Sunday the 25th of
Shirley Walters Ukrainian-Canadian identity. This
February. This weekend is not only
designed to alleviate the pressures John Maschak was followed few weeks by a
in a
Oleh Tomchenko reading of Dorio's poetry. These
*nd February blues that generally
afflict students at this time but will
noon-hour talks were all especially
also provide the opportunity to make What has Vancouver's Alpha valuable as they stimulated much
friends and perhaps renew Omega accomplished in this last meaningful discussion and let fresh
new old
acquaintances. You will also get a year? We think it has done much "What is a
air into the question of
taste of the "Quebec sait vivre" and successfully. Traditionally, our Ukrainian?"
will Participate in the spontaneously activities have been divided into two At Christmas time we went
reated fun and frolic of this annual main categories: cultural and carolling to the Ukrainian Manor, a
event. social, of which social has long home for the aged. Here, we
Buses will be leaving from dominated. This year a harmonious established contact with the
Montreal and everyone will meet on balance was established. Ukrainian businessmen, who are
Friday at 4p.m. at the CYM building U.B.C.'s annual Club's Day currently cooperating with us in
120 Duluth St. E. Everyone will started the year's activities. Alpha working out a scholarship fund for
return to the departure point on Omega's interestingly attractive the Ukrainian course. This course,
Sunday night. display and the following mem- now definite, is to be on the 400
This weekend of sheer From the midst of the bership party, designed to acquaint senior level. If it is successful we
unrestricted pleasure will cost only people, were very successful and have been promised a Ukrainian 100
PEASANT'S REVOLT we bring you
$28. This price includes the tran- thoroughly enjoyed, especially the course the following year. The chief
a much desired report from Win-
sportation to and from Quebec City Ukrainian latter's wine, cheese, and kovbasa. moving forces behind this course
nipeg's Students' Club
and hotel accommodations for 3 APPLAUD coming back The social committee continued its were Andy Semotiuk and Bill
. . . . . . to
days and 2 nights. Meals are not Winnipeg, from the Congress, with success as broom-ball, hockey, Lebedowich, who also recruited our
included in the price and can be our 8 members we had nowhere to go bowling, and curling evenings, as Ukrainian student senator, John
obtained at reasonable rates. The but up with the lack of mem- . . .
well as parties were well planned Sydor.
"joie de vivre" of the Quebec bership we realized that a mem- and attended. The committee's Alpha Omega has been continually
Carnival is, of course, free. bership drive was essential ... a special treat was a very eventful represented at KYK meetings.
Because of financial com- booth was set up where 300 en- weekend ski trip to Crystal Moun- Alpha Omega is well regarded by
mitments, a $15.00 deposit is thusiastic Ukrainians signed their tain inWashington State. KYK, and its representatives are
required by November 30th. names ... to date we have ap- The vice-president's pet project, sometimes even consulted, as at
Mail in your application together proximately 100 paid members . . .
the 23rd Alpha Omega Banquet, KYK's meeting with organizers of a
with your deposit as soon as possible with this great potential we found it honouring graduates, was realized new "cosmopolitan" radio station,
since there are only a limited necessary to provide events this . . .
in February. Ten graduates, the CJUB, offering a Ukrainian hour
number of available places and first enormous job enabled us to receive cream of our club, and their dates, twice a week.
come, first serve. All cheques should an office on the university campus were seated behind the head table of Our only significant contact with
be made out to: Andry Krawczuk, . . . to promote our membership the beautifully decorated Ukrainian SUSK was Halya Kuchmij's
Carnival '73 and submitted together drive our first function, a traditional Catholic Hall. unexpected but welcomed visit
with the application. commenced informing us about the Canadian
WINE & CHEESE, was held ... it Cultural activities
Hoping to see you at the Carnival.
was a rowdy, rambunctious with President Barbara Mysko's scene, summer field work, the
financial success ... to keep en- "baby", a symposium on dissent in recent and the planned
arrests
the Soviet Union, during the Telephone Campaign. The Van-
APPLICATION thusiasm present peak the at its
executive is madly planning fan- weekend of Kosygin's visit. couver Telephone Campaign,
tastic events for the future ... in Although only marginally attended, although small, went very suc-
conjunction with OBNOVA we are it was felt that for a first try it was cessfully, with two people speaking
planning a huge BEER BASH in the especially successful. Speakers to Kuznetsov. It must here be stated
Send to:
from the Ukrainian, that Alpha Omega was disenchanted
multi-purpose room of the
Andrij Krawcuun Czechoslovakian and Jewish at not receiving a summer field
University of Manitoba campus . . .
5110 de la Durantaye (bigger and better things for U.S.C. communities expressed their views worker, as here in "British"
Montreal 457,Quebec members) culturally we are over current problems in the Soviet Columbia we do indeed need social
Phone — (514-325-4494) flourishing ... we have invited Ivan
. . .
Union. animation. In the future Alpha
Kolasky for a literary evening . . .
Members responded very en- Omega hopes that its ties with SUSK
Name: also we have ordered 50 copies of his thusiastically to a series of lunch- will be strengthened, enabling a
Age: latest book Comrade, The . . .
hour talks given by guest speakers. mutual growth and benefit.
People Are Laughing, for pre-sale Mr. John Kolasky's two such talks, Vancouver Alpha Omega,
Address
extracurricular activities have both on his experience in Ukraine Bill Lebedowich
City: . . .
been set up for our enthusiastic and on the current situation, were Mariyka Haydymowska
members i.e. Drama, Dance and
Will you need accommodation while in Montreal?
Sports ... a general meeting is
No being held soon where we hope to get
How are you coming? Fellow SUSK members across
new and fresh inspirational ideas Canada, PLEASE feel free to
When wiU you be leaving Montreal? . the . brains .behind this correspond with us by writing to the
flourishing institution are in the
following address:
heads of: Slawko Klymkiw President U.S.C,
Ihor Vice-President c/o U.M.S.U.,
Oleh Luhowy Communications Box 51,
Marijka Banias Social Financial & University of Manitoba,
Ihor Michalishyn Social Financial & Winnipeg, Manitoba
Lesia Seredna Recording Secretary R3T 2N2
& SUSK Rep.
Oksana Mazur Corresponding Secretary WE'LL BE HEARING FROM ALL
& SUSK Rep. OF YOU REAL SOON PA-PA
Orest Martynowych Advisor
5,000-year-old town found in Ukrainian
By THEODORE SHABAD built in a concentric pattern broken
© New York Times Service by radially oriented streets.
MOSCOW - Soviet archeologists grasslands Preliminary findings, according
the archeologist, suggest that
some of
to
have reported the discovery of the Details of the
excavation, which were
the adobe houses in the town
remains of a 5,000-year-old town with had been under way this past sum- two-storcy dwellings- The excavation
a potential population of 20,000, de- mer 115 miles south of Kiev, were party found remains of ceiling-like
scribed as the largest Stone Age set- disclosed by N. M. Shmagli, a Kiev on
floor partitions that had collapsed
tlement yet excavated in eastern Eu- archeologist, in an interview with the lower
tools and other artifacts on the
rope. Ukrainian daily Pravda Ukrainy. Cop- storey.
The huge prehistoric town, cover- ies of the newspaper's Friday edition, of Tripolye urban
The discovery
ing an area of 700 acres with about with the n t e r v e w, have reached appears to fit in with the
culture
Moscow. hunting and
1,500 well-built houses, is considered theory that a shift from
significant shedding new light on Shmagli, a specialist on the Tripo- in the
in food gathering to agriculture
the civilization of tribes of the so- lye culture who led the digging oper-
called Tripolye culture that inhabited ations, said he and his associates had
the present Ukraine around the third been impressed by the regular layout cont'd. Pg-lO
millenium before the Christian era. of the unnamed town, which had b»an
V
;
STUDENT OCTOBER 1972 PAGE 5
MUmcoiTURAUSM (coAt'a from P3 .3)
THE GOVERNMENT AND MULTICULTURALISM WHAT IS MULTICULTURALISM?
In 1971 the Prime Minister announced that this government would follow Multiculturalism is the term most often used to describe the existence of
a multicultural policy. It seems, unfortunately, that this action was taken
Canadian ethno-cultural pluralism. In using this term we are recognizing the
only to tame the "ethnic vote" and not from real conviction. Calling them
inescapable fact that Canada consists of scores of communities (such as the
"tokenistic" would be dignifying the governments action.
French, German, Ukrainian, Polish, Native Indian, Scotish, and others)
Of 3 million dollars alloted to the cultural development of non-English and
which have demonstrated over a span of several generations the will and the
non-French groups, only $800,000 has found its way to these groups. The
ability to survive and grow as distinctive elements in the over-all Canadian
greatest bulk of the funds went directly to federal agencies.
society.
Nothing has been done to remove the discriminatory regulations in the
The phrase "ethno-cultural pluralism" begs further definitions. "Ethno"
field ofbroadcasting. The CBC is still broadcasting programs which demean
or ethnic denotes a segment of the population which is united by a commonly
cultures by making them appear "quaint" and primitive. It seems dead set
shared cultural heritage of which each member of the group is aware. It is
against performing its task of interpreting Canadians to themselves and
important to understand that ethnicity is not a quality that is in any sense
promoting national understanding and unity.
limited to individuals of common ancestry. It is possible not only to be born
It is imperative that the government do all in its power to promote a
"ethnic" but to acquire ethnicity by immersing oneself in a cultural
serious development of multiculturalism. This policy, to be at all effective,
heritage. It is the "cultural" heritage of an ethnic group which differentiates
mustj>romote all aspects of Canadian life. Otherwise we will fall victim to
it from voluntary associations such as The Kiwanis Club or Rotary Club; it is
the malignant cancer south of our border.
a life style, a way of being, thinking and feeling. This cultural heritage is a
Canada is a society enmeshed by the social problems spawned by in-
driving force animating a significant group of individuals united by a
dustrialization and the slow encroachment of technological values on human
common language and sharing customs, habits and experiences. Moreover,
values. Canada's geographic proximity to, and economic dependence on, a
the cultural heritage is built up on the accumulated wisdom and experience
strong and expansionist United States of America poses further danger to
of countless generations of ancestors. It is a heritage which has been tested
our economic, political and cultural independence. In the face of all these
and moulded by time. The depth of this sort of heritage is what distinguishes
real dangers Canadian society seems comatose, unable to elaborate ef-
an ethno-cultural group from a voluntary association.
fective replies and solutions. The root of our inertia lies in a single factor, the
Pluralism refers to the multiplicity of cultures which co-exist under the
lack of an even sketchy universally accepted definition of what Canada is
umbrella of Canadian society.
and what it means to be a Canadian.
A cursory examination of the concept of multiculturalism would leave the
Having no common starting point, all solutions suggested to examiner with the impression that it is simply a description of the current
date lack structure of Canadian society; i.e. that it is a static concept. Such a narrow
cohesiveness in terms of identifying and implementing Canadian
values view does an injustice to the concept. The development of multiculturalism
Before we as Canadians can solve any of our most pressing
problems we is a social process of change and is not a predetermination of one particular
must first arrive at a commonly acceptable definition of
"Canadian" Only type of society. The process of multiculturalism is continuous, dynamic and
then can we take an integrated approach to the many
dilemmas which face far reaching in its conceptional framework. Instead of ghettoizing the
Canada.
The question of establishing a national identity in circumstances community, multiculturalism expands its perspective and its involvement in
our over-all society.
analogous to ours has been faced by only a very few states. The Americans
have attempted to impose a standardised identity and ethic on a polyglot The multicultural process is capable of serving as a common approach
population. Australia and New Zealand have ensured that and basic framework for the solution of the multiple dilemmas and problems
all immigrants
had a common, i.e. white European and as British as possible, faced by Canadian society. In the following paragraphs we propose to ex-
background
South Africa has coupled this sort of policy with an active persecution pand on this theme and show how multiculturalism is relevant to the major
of
existing out-groups. The question is, can any of these solutions issues facing the Canadian public.
be applied to
the Canadian experience.
Restrictive immigration can serve no purpose in a state such
as Canada
that is already composed of large numbers of distinct
ethno-cultural groups
A policy of discrimination and persecution is not effacious, on practical as MULTICULTURALISM AND THE CANADIAN IDENTITY
well as moral grounds.
There remains the American method of attempted forced assimilation
into a common life-and value-system. From the
American experience it is
becoming obvious that forced assimilation will not work. An artificial life Canada as a nation has as yet to define its identity. As if this were not
style lacking a deep cultural or historical base cannot satisfy enough of a problem, we are also faced with the threat of being revamped by
the social
cultural, and psychological needs of a person. It is for this the homogeneous and mass-produced American pseudo-culture. The only
reason that
Americans, Mexicans and Blacks are looking to their ancestoral roots way out of this is to formulate a Canadian identity which is strong enough to
to find
a clue to their present and future paths. It is for this reason that "The resist the overwhelming pressure of American technology.
Rise of In trying to elaborate a Canadian identity we have two basic choices. The
the Unmeltable Ethnic" has occurred. Thus, it would seem that the
only
available alternative for Canada is to acknowledge the reality first choice is that made by the Americans. This means turning Canada into
of the
situation. Canada is a nation of many ethno-cultural groups, and a a melting pot and trying to produce a culturally homogeneous population.
place for In the U.S. this has consisted of two closely -related processes. The first of
them must be found in Canadian
all of society. In effect, therefore, Canada
must become a multicultural nation. these is the adoption of a common ethic for the whole nation. To drastically
simplify, Americans opted for the "Protestant Ethic" which is intensely
commented with industrialization in the early stages and spiraling un-
planned technological growth in the later stages.
The second of these processes is the adoption of a common "myth" that
everyone could relate to. Having a very short history in which there is little
Canadian students of Ukrainian descent attending universities and com- to be proud of the "American Myth" is just that, a fabrication of the
munity colleges are organized into Ukrainian Student Associations. There imagination which glorifies as heroes the dregs of a society.
are 17 such Associations with a total membership of 2,000 students involved
in social, cultural and political programs. At the XIII Congress of the
A Communities culture serves as a guide-line for the communities
development and its interaction with other communities. If this culture is
Ukrainian Canadian University Students' Union in Ottawa, September 1-4,
based on processes which emphasize acquisitiveness and personal ambition
1972. the National Executive of the U.C.U.S.U. was instructed by its mem-
and which grossly misinterpret the communities past history and present
bership to solicit and publish the views of all candidates of the coming
state, a fundamentally unstable society will result. This is strikingly evident
Federal election on the issue of Multiculturalism.
in the United States of America, where the social fabric is rapidly disin-
tegrating. Following the U.S. example would eventually lead to the same
results for Canada.
The other Canadian alternative is to build on the reality of our situation
i.e. on our ethno-cultural pluralism. The peoples of Canada,
both the late
b. Would you support an amendment to the
Do you view multiculturalism as the broadcasting act to allow the use of languages arrivals from other continents and the Native People who were here when
I
and its
recognition of an ethnic group s existence
Canada other than English and French? many cases milleniums to
contriblulon to the overall way of U(e In they came have cultures which have taken in
mean that
or does the concept of multicultural
should actively develop. As a result they have great resiliency and are capable of offering
Ihe various levels of government solutions the complex problems we face.
promote the activities of Canada's
Indigenous sophisticated and well-tested to
Will you advocate that the CBC expand
ethnic groups.
T.
monies for the production of multilingual and A culture which has taken scores of generations to develop (as opposed to
mulUcullural programmes? the "instant" American pseudo-culture) is able to offer great depth
and
Comment
No breadth. As such it is capable, as no other culture is, in offering
an Yes counteracting his anomic
Z Do you think that muitlcullurallsm Is
psychological satisfaction to the individual and in
obstacle to Canadian unity? The Koyal Commission on Book Publishing In true sense of belonging.
8. by giving it
Canada refused to consider ethnic printing Canada can utilize these strengths to her advantage by adopting a
houses In their study. Would you place those
publishing houses not printing English or French pluralistic cultural format in which the native cultures which are the
en-
t Would you advocate a conslltutlonBUy in the same category as the other
firms heritage of the Canadian peoples would be allowed to preserve and develop
Rights (or all elhno-
trenched Bill of Cultural
publishing only in English and French?
cultural groups in Canada? themselves.
Ves No Multiculturalism is not ghettoization. Ghettos are the result of a uni-
cultural policy which denies communities the right to their cultural heritage.
Would you advocate the reduction of postal
4 Would you advocate greater allocaUon
departments
of
of
S.
rales for Canadian publication* not wriUen In
A uni-cultural policy results in racial bigotry and the creation of large
provincial
federal funds to
and English or French? groups of disaffected people in a nation.
education in order to promote multilingual
multicultural programmes In primary,
secon- Multiculturalism does the exact opposite. It opens up the ghetto by ad-
yet No place in the
mitting the validity of all cultures and emphasizing their
in Canada.
dary and post-secondary institutions
N° 10.What Is your evaluation of: Canadian social process. By bringing together different ethno-cultural
Ye* Al The present mulUcullural policy (Adopted of
groups on a level of mutual respect it aUows for the cross-fertilization
October H. 19711 draws to
5 Even though there are two languages
official
The attempts of the government to Im- ideas By emphasizing the importance of all cultural heritages it
that the Federal
)
In Canada, would you advocate plement this policy. itself loyalty of all Canadians, for in this manner it grants them their
Government and Its agencies publish govern-
ment documents and other similar materials
In freedom and yet gives them roots to which they can render themselves.
Comment Briefly:
(reprinted from the Manitoban
other Canadian languages?
September, 1972)
Yes NoOCTOBER 1972 STUDENT S'
PAGE 6
XIII SUSK CONGRES
Carleton University in Ottawa spirits of sleep and urging the newly filters down to all members. With a
awakened arise and partake of the view to interJDENT STUDENT OCTOBER 1972
PAGE 7
NGRESS-OTTAWA 1972
to all members. With a distribute the tapes and a committee the replies received from the can- Special Events — Danielle
-club communication, it was formed to negotiate with them. didates are being compiled and Yavorsky (Ottawa)
that whenever a local Kolos subsequently retracted their analyzed with respect to the can- Student Editors
out bulletins to its offer, and it was finally decided that didates' awareness of — Halya Kuchmij (Toronto)
:opy should also be sent cameramen would
the original three multiculturalism. — Wally Dashko (Toronto)
^dividual club across edit the tapesand then the National Sunday evening saw the delegates Committee
Controlling
SUSK information Executive of SUSK would decide discuss Ukraine and reports from — Slawko Klymkiw (Winnipeg)
ilso to be updated to what subsequently would be done. various Set Them Free committees — Volodymyr Chandon (Thunder
w members with a This year has seen the formation were presented. Particularly in- Bay)
history and activities of (SMAC) Student Multicultural teresting was the report of Yarko — Zenon Kulchyckyj (Hamilton)
enerally, the Congress Action Committee in Saskatchewan. Koshiw outlining the activities of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan was
:although the National Lesia Lys from Saskatoon gave a American students on behalf of chosen ,: as the site of next years
nust improve its com- report of the Committee's activity imprisoned intellectuals in Ukraine. SUSK Congress.
to the local clubs, the and it wasxtecided that SUSK would It was decided mat SUSK is to Let it not be said that The Ottawa
also have an onus on officially support SMAC and en- protest the recent repressions in Congress was all work and no play.
rovide the National courage its activities. Ukraine and that SUSK support the On Friday evening a pub night
'ith more feedback and Sunday, Sept. 3, was the climactic work of the Set Them Free Com- featuring SUSK talent was held.
lommunieate with other day of the Congress. There had been mittee. Also SUSK is to apply Featured were bandurists from
rumors that the recently held pressure on CESUS to encourage Winnipeg, a quartet from Montreal,
also came under western conference had turned into students of other countries to sup- a poet from Vancouver and a folk-
'here was talk of turning a peasant revolt. Delegates port financially and morally un-
, but it
newspaper form but
was decided to anxiously awaited the report of the
peasant revolt. It was presented by
derprivileged Ukrainian com-
singer from Hamilton. Saturday
evening a discotheque was held. It
to munities around the world. took a while for it to get unwound as
more analytical con- Bill Balan of Winnipeg and offered The election of a new National it was competing with the Canada-
om across Canada and constructive criticism and ideas. Executive concluded the Congress. USSR hockey game. After the game
on a subscription basis, As was to be expected Multi- The National Executive is made up itgot lively and a good time was had
lbs were to undertake to culturalism was also a main topic of of: by all. The end of the Congress and
ontributions of articles discussion. It was decided that President — Andrij Semotiuk the election of a new National
itions. multiculturalism would be the first (Vancouver) Executive set the stage for an im-
mer of '72 was the priority of SUSK in the upcoming Western Vice-President — Andrij promptu get together. Everyone
Video SUSK. Not un- year. It was felt that SUSK should Ogarenko (Winnipeg) squeezed into a small room and sang
e Video project was a concentrate on the development of a Eastern Vice-President — Don until the early hours of the morning.
of discussion. A corn- grass roots base- for Sadoway (Toronto) Much credit is due the Ottawa club
report of the Video multiculturalism and that existing Corresponding Secretary — Genia for organizing the Congress,
s submitted by Dorio Ukrainian organizations should be Keryk (Montreal) especially Oksana Ostapyk, Danielle
thanks to some last informed to a greater degree about Recording Secretary — Natalka Yavorsky, and Vera Yuzyk who
gling with CN the par- multiculturalism. Education, Chomiak (Toronto) worked at it all summer. The
id a chance to view welfare, and housing also affect Treasurer — Ihor Broda (Toronto) Congress was also a resounding
n tapes. During the ethnic groups directly and it was felt Student Affairs — Vera Yuzyk financial success largely made
)f the project there were that work should be started through (Ottawa) possible by contributions made by
rvations expressed as to unions and various social welfare Cultural Affairs — Bohdan the Ukrainian National Association,
ility and capability of agencies. It was decided that an Barabash (Edmonton) Ukrainian Professional and
ig involved with such intensive campaign should be Delegate to KYK — Bill Balan Businessmen's Club, the Ukrainian
finance consuming carried out smong the federal (Winnipeg) Catholic and Orthodox Churches and
owever basically the
,
candidates to inform them about Alternate Delegate — Borys many individuals from Ottawa.
centered around the multiculturalism and to get their Gengalo (Winnipeg) Thanks to all Concerned. On to
e unedited tapes. Kolos views about it. To this end a Conferences — Oleh Hnatiuk Saskatoon in 1973.
of Winnipeg offered to questionnaire was formulated and (Edmonton) I.B.PAGE
.
8
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WANTED* UBLIC RELATIOH3 MAN WOMAN* FULL TIME
...
. ,. - -
•the person we seek nualt be a relf-etarteir r haa
lnltiativer and knows- how to deal with people*
•take charge off advertising and sales campaign orf
' "., , -.
Ukrainian] rook reeoBd*oommisslon* eiterraife travel
••contact the SUSK office.
(
Little Vietnam
-.
""- , 11 1972)
So close do
And
we see main street,
the shiny bugs which make the air unbearable.
We opened our eyes,
and down the street we marched
right through the red light,
Till the word Welfare caught our sight.
And then our leader stopped,
And searched us with his eyes
for signs of strength.
All he could see was
Yes sir.
So in we went
Yes sir.
And asked for help
Yes sir.
Then the neon lights shot out a check
Yes sir.
Outside again
Yes sir.
Over to the liquor shop
Yes sir.
And bought our wine
Yes sir.
And with it courage
Yes sir.
Drinking it brought strength
Yes sir.
NO, NO, NO SIR.
We hate you sir with your shiny reupholstered life.
You and all that goes with you.
Your mind smells of odours so foul that the best bottles
of Wine can't hide them.
And down your putrid throat we're going to shove it.
No you goddamned bastard
we'll do it.
But we gotta sleep a bit first.
Bohdan Chomiak— —
STUDENT OCTOBER 1972 PAGE 9
,..'
.
.
.
. . .
. —
.
'
-: -
—
Untitled
,, You must assume
I love surprises;
'! — '-
. the secret smile
that you spared
before you
me,
left,
to draw conclusions:
, '
, a dangerous game,
desire,
?
for a starving mind
that pays the price
for ravishing a future
of its creation
.
-
the price of dreams,
of happiness
attributed
on the impulse,
to unspoken words,
unanswered questions;
incense observed
within your smile
that once you
spared me
before you left.
:-
, ^
, , - , ..
.-
'
,
' ,-
,
.!
(
1972)PAGE 10 OCTOBER 1972 STUDENT
l,w thr rrcord stanil
Defense Committee
Slave camps and Tiger Cages Launches Bulletin
Daniel Berrigan's open letter to
At the present time two defense in Ukraine in the New York Review Brezhnev and Shcherbytsky
The "Set Them Free" Committee in Defense of Soviet Political
Prisoners
committees for Soviet political of books. of the many received
One has successfully launched its information/analytical news
reprinted below. It comes as Bulletin and has
prisoners (New York and Toronto) responses support of their defense
in attracted a large readership among the Ukrainian student
surprise and challenge to Soviet population.
are involved in defense work and the action came from Father Daniel Composed of radical Ukrainian Canadian students, the "Set Them Free
authorities to see an A merican
dissemination of information Berrigan who subsequently wrote an Committee, is committed to the dissemination of information concerning
open letter to Soviet authorities.
whom they supported against the
struggles of Soviet and East European dissidents and their
the
regarding the political situation in
American government, condemn international
the Soviet Union and Eastern Daniel Berrigan, prominent political defense.
their repressions against Soviet
Europe, most particularly in dissident and one-time political In order to first explain to the Canadian public and in
dissenting voices. The letter may particular to the
Ukraine. prisoner under United States Ukrainian Canadian population, the nature of the dissent
also provoke discussion within movement in
In the spring of this year, the authorities, is actively involved in Ukraine and throughout the Soviet Bloc, the Committee launched its
existing Ukrainian organizations Bulletin
Committee in the United States the anti-war movement. Father in late July and since has produced 3 issues.
whose attitude towards U.S. foreign
published information about the Berrigan's brother, Phillip, is still in The Bulletin carries basic information on arrests, trials and persecutions
policy is not consistent with their
January and spring waves of arrest prison. of dissidents in Ukraine, the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe,
information
position on the question of Ukraine.
about defense work going on in Western countries in support
of those
movements, and regularly prints important documents produced by those
movements (such as the discussions of workers and the Polish authorities
by Daniel Berrigan Perhaps upon reflection, Mr political indictments, puppets, the during the Polish workers' strike in 1970-71, the Moscow leaflet on
the
Leonid Brezhnev, General Brezhnev, there is no real danger of trappings of illegitimate power economic conditions of the workers in the Soviet Union-1972, etc.)
Secretary, Communist Party of the your being infected through a which (so the claim goes) your At the present time the Committee is distributing its bulletin in Canada
Soviet Union and Volodymyr handshake with Mr. Nixon. Perhaps revolutions rendered null and void, also having readers in Europe and the United States.
Shcherbytsky. First Secretary this was the truest we have passed once and for all. Instead of the The "Set Them Free" Committee is eager to contact people across
Communist Party of the Ukraine. beyond that first generation fervor, revolution, evil times. Indeed, you Canada who are concerned with the fate of the Ukrainian struggle and are
Honored Gentlemen: when a revolutionary leader would have made the times so evil that one looking for a fresh, internationally oriented and progressive approach
to this
I may be known to you as a former receive, with grace and moral can do very nearly nothing at all on area of politics. For information concerning the activity of the Committee
in
political prisoner in the United dignity, say, the leader of one of the behalf of his brothers and sisters. No Canada or for a subscription to the STF Bulletin ($2.50 for 12 issues)
States, one whose brother is still a recourse, no mercy, no justice. Only write
world's most oppressive powers P.O. Box 294,
prisoner. The occasion of my writing It is to your credit that you do not death multiplied, and anguish, and Station "M",
you is the disquieting news we have indulge in such fantasies regarding despair. Behold your legacy. Toronto 21, Ont.
received here regarding con- the Mr. Nixon's visit. You certainly And yet, it is in just such times as
tinuing political trials of Russian, understood, as did your guest, that these that we are resolved not to lose
Ukrainian, and Czech dissidents. you two meet, not as the heart, not to give up. Even if our
Political prisoners are of course representative of revolution on the to your wars, submit to courts which Let the record stand then. Let the
voices go unheard, it is necessary
an international reality. One might one hand and of oppression on the you assemble, die for a cause which court of humanity, the court of the
for them to go on record. To go on
be tempted to say such prisoners are other, but as twin powers record before history, before the
you believe. bleated and exiled and imprisoned,
even a bond of fraternity among troubled mutual images, two whose Let this be the record. It may be be heard. And for those who believe,'
next generation, before those who.
political leaders across the world, of interests coincided even as they that only the next generation, long as we do, in a God of history,
sifting the ashes and bones of the a God
whatever coloration. Right, left, clashed, and therefore clashed most after your demise, your laying down of mankind, the court
victims you have multiplied, will assembles in
center— all subscribe to the stern gently. Your meeting reminded us of ask: did not some few stand firm?
of authority, the dismantling of your His name, under His authority, to
Manichean principle of the innate nothing so much as the coming military empires— it may be only exercise His decree. Let the record
They will probe without mercy; who
corruption and criminality of together of two successful, discreet were the criminals and who were the after all that, that sentence can be stand.
dissidents; all are agreed on the morticians. So admirable a pair innocent? They will inquire relen-
passed upon you. It matters little, if 'reprinted from "the vi Uage
related matters of crime and behind locked doors may even have tlessly, who led the people in truth,
only sentence be passed. VOICE", NYC, Oct. 5, 1972)
punishment. shared one with another some who misled them with deceit,
This international' consensus is precious trade secret. Let cruelty, and trickery?
undoubtedly a factor in bringing speculate; on the one hand the History will want to know why it
about the most unexpected acts of marvel of Lenin's embalming was necessary to destroy one's
detente. One remembers with a marvel of— what? The
the other, the fellow citizens, whether indeed they
certain rueful fascination the recent Tiger Cages? Vietnamization? We were criminals, or whether they
cordial meetings between you, Mr. shall never know. were imprisoned by criminals.
Brezhnev, and our President. You That each of you has secrets to History will inquire; therefore, we
exchanged handshakes, banqueted share, one cannot have the least go on record.
together, toasted your common doubt. Both of you hold political We put on record the names of
hopes. prisoners, many thousands of those you have imprisoned, exiled,
But would it be untimely, Mr. hundreds in the American. This is silenced, starved, tortured,
Brezhnev to suggest the importance perhaps the worst kept secret in all degraded. The names of Mykhaylo
of knowing who it is with whom one the world. A genuine symbiosis ot Soroka, Aleksander Solzhenitsyn,
shakes hands? The stain of blood, means joins you, ideology to Ivan Dzyuba, Andrei Amalrik, Ivan
were it conceivably present upon the deology, hand to hand. You have Svitlychny, Vyacheslav Chornovil,
hand of one man, might so easily rub both agreed to take and keep Pyotr Yakir, Simas Kudirka, Yuriy
off on another's. You are possibly hostages against lawless con- Shukhevych, Valentyn Moroz,
aware in this regard, that Mr. tingencies. The principle once Vladimir Bukovsky, and many
Nixon, whom you welcomed with decided on, a like scenario unrolls others. And if certain names are
such wa rmth to Moscow, has east and west; police, in- lost, and certain others are erased
destroyed some 6 million people in terrogations, arrests, trials for by death, we still must go on record.
Southeast Asia during his four years conspiracy, and then the long ride For the sake of the next generation,
in office. Destroyed, that is, whether nto oblivion, the passage into non- we must point out how in East and
by slaughter, displacement, or personhood, the erasure from West, a common brutal method was
imprisonment. Six million. Do you human life and community of used against those whose only crime
wince at that number, unimaginable human beings. was to resist crime. We must un-
from one point of view? A number, Such is the
fate of political
moreover, with certain magical derscore the fact that the Russian
prisoners in both countries. We wish
overtones, coming toward us in a and the American cruelties
cruelties
only to add that many of us who are
bloody and dolorous procession out were almost exactly parallel, except
for the time being out of prison share
Germany that the Russians turned their
of in the '30s? Examine in the powerlessness of prisoners;
electric shocks,
your hands closely, Mr. Brezhnev; their mental
East and West, Russians and hospitals, their slave camps, their
the stigma of Mylai may be on them, Americans, we know that to be
and of Con Son, and of the Siberian exile, their police torture, the excavation site is s t u a t e d irr
citizens is to have no real access to
piecemeal, methodical destruction against their own people, while the
political leaders. Our fate, like the
Americans, more sensitive perhaps
di- what is now wooded steppe, or grass-
of the cities of Vietnam. Even the land with patches of forest. The area
prisoners', decided elsewhere.
is late Stone Age soon lea 10 an urban
children? The children to the mythology which makes them
also. Our leaders have turned to stone. is believed to have been once
out to be temperate and com-
revolution a s primitive tribesmen covered
But perhaps one is untimely in Turned to stone; your ears, Mr. by forest, which has gradually
passionate, did not commonly use moved into towns to become man-
airing such topics. After all, detente Brezhnev and Mr. Shcherbytsky, treated northward as climate has be-
such methods against their own. To kind's first urbamtes.
is in the air. Moreover, there are to have turned to stone. You no longer come drier.
do so was not politically expedient; The "JYipoIye culture, named for a
your credit, along the lines of Mr. hear the cry of the dispossessed, the The site has thus far been ex-
especially when there were count- town on the Dnieper River where the
Nixon's achievement, certain other broken, the victims. plored by preliminary digging in test
less Vietnamese, Laotians, Cam- first artifacts were identified in 189(1,
matters one might recall. The Your nostrils have turned to stone. bodians, pits and by geophysical prospecting.
and other Third World has long been associated with settle-
matters of Hungary, of You no longer smell the blood which
people upon whom they could ex- ments, but the unnamed town now
Czechoslovakia, of the Ukraine. You yourselves have let.
as well as Mr. Nixon, are showing
periment with impunity. being excavated in the Ukraine ap- WORLD'S FIRST CITIES: Arrow on
Your eyes and mouth have turned Nevertheless, East or West, pears- to be the largest yet found in
considerable skill in coming up with the map shows where settlement at
to stone. You no longer see the truth
what were once crimes domestic or crimes ex- this part of Europe. about 3000 B.C. was found in the
called, in a truly of the world, which, according to
classical bra territorial, it is for us to go on The work has been conducted by a Ukraine. Older cities have been found
sense, "definitive historical claim, you were em-
solutions." record. The crimes occurrred, the team of the Institute of Archeology of near Baghdad that date back to '1500
powered to interpret and announce. guilt is manifest.
More nearly to our point is the Wherever men and Kiev on a plateau-like elevation B.C. The oldest known city dwellers
You no longer speak the truth women are in exile, within a bend of the small Talnyanka
emotion arising in certain dying of forced lived in the kingdoms of Sumer and
about human life, about the lives of labor,
Americans, when we reflect upon put to the rack, standing in River, near the village of Maidanet- Elam. Elamite cities have been found
workers, poor, of the youth, of
of the
kangaroo
the common methods pursued by courts, stripped of skoye. The village lies a few miles in portions of ancient Persia (Turkey
those whose^ passion and sacrifice
both sides, Russia and the United citizenship, of human dignity, south of the Ukrainian rail town of and Iran) and spreading east through
initiated the revolution you have of
States, regarding political rights— wherever this occurs,
civil Talnoye. what is now Afghanistan to Pakistan.
betrayed.
dissidents. Common methods Can anyone doubt t that by we declare that a court of humanity Hilltop locations, utilizing the pro- About the same time cities were rising
govern the fate of "parasites and is already summoned. We declare, tection of natural barriers such as along the valleys of the Nile. Chinese
prolonging the agony of political
malcontents" who dare unroll prisoners, by enlarging the numbers moreover, that those judged guilty livei valleys and steep plateau cities are known to have been built
seditious banners in Red Square, have been typical
of the condemned, you have in your courts have become your slopes, of Tripolye about 4000 B.C. in the valleys of the
dare burn draft files in Catonsville, judges. settlements. Hoang
betrayed the revolution? Or that the Ho and the Wei. Mexico's
Maryland. first sign of the betrayal is that the Let this be the record. And let the Shmagli said a high level of civili- earliestcity builders were in Olmecs
Indeed, not one of the im-
is this record be unequivocal and clear. zation was suggested by the
opposition must be crushed, at finding whose remains date about 1500 B.C.
plications of detente itself. That Brezhnev, Shcherbytsky, Nixon, and of pottery of well-fired
whatever cost, by whatever means? clay with dis- The earliest cities in this part of the
similar solutions are arrived at by all your henchmen, from Siberia to
The revolution is degraded, at your tinctive black spiral decorations char- continent are Iroquois dating about
the authorities of both nations- the Ukraine to South Vietnam, are
hands, in the fate of every man and acteristic of the Tripolye people. 1200 A.D. Earlier settlements
may yet
nations whose rhetoric, histories,
woman you have destroyed. Instead guilty of crimes against humanity. He also described statuettes de- be found, since it is believed that
and conceptions of mankind have in of a sublime spiritual event, you Your authority is therefore picting persons and animals, includ- Indian agriculture began about 1000
the past seemed so diverse, so offer the world the same tawdry illegitimate. No one need obey your ing a particularly fine figure of a B.C. with the cultivation of beans,
nearly irreconcilable? pay your taxes, offer his body
czarist stereotype— prisons, voice, bear. Bears are forest dwellers and com and squash.You can also read
