GEARING UP FOR THE 2021 LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS - National Fund for Municipal Workers
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ISSUE 35
www.salga.org.za
GEARING UP FOR
THE 2021 LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
ELECTIONS
INSIDE: SERVICE DELIVERY SUCCESS | THE YOUTH AND CIVIC LEADERSHIP |
NATIONAL MEMBERS ASSEMBLY | THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MUNICIPAL FINANCE
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CONTENTS ISSUE 35, INSIDE THIS ISSUE
9
32
25
UPFRONT
2 EDITORIAL DELIVERY
It’s now or never
5 FROM THE CEO
The battle of the ballots is on
THE PULSE
PLUGGED IN
9 THE YOUTH AND CIVIC
ENGAGEMENT
Getting the youth involved in civic
activities will ensure that the country’s
future leaders are equipped with the
skills and mindsets to contribute to South
Africa’s growth and success
IN THE HEADLINES MUNICIPAL MATTERS SALGA IN ACTION
16 RESPONDING TO THE NEW NORMAL 36 BUSHBUCKRIDGE LOCAL MUNICIPALITY 48 THE JAPAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
The COVID-19 pandemic is not just a Planning for land use, spatial development What lies behind the South African and
health crisis and “an economic blip and landfill Japanese bilateral water services?
that will pass”, but also a turning point
in history 38 BUFFALO CITY METRO 50 THE UNDP
The R268-million Qumza Highway SALGA joins forces with the UNDP to help
25 GEARING UP FOR THE LOCAL Road project struggling SMMEs
GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS
The causal link between the elections, 41 CAPE TOWN 52 UCT’S LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT
service delivery and freedom Addressing land issues: the long-awaited FOR WOMEN
handover of title deeds SALGA partners with UCT to offer a
28 THE NATIONAL MEMBERS ASSEMBLY Local Government Women Leadership
Unpacking just what it means to 42 HESSEQUA MUNICIPALITY Development Programme (LG WLDP)
have a democratic, people-centric Providing small enterprises with financial
local government management skills
THE LONG VIEW THE BULLETIN
INNOVATION PARLIAMENT
32 FOOD WASTE 44 A WORD FROM PARLIAMENT
Technology can help recycle organic SALGA’s submissions to the NCOP
waste into heat, electricity, fertiliser
47
and water – and it’s already at work in 47 OPINION
South Africa Do coalition governments work?
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
1
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EDITORIAL DELIVERY
IT’S NOW OR NEVER
UPFRONT
Now that the date for the 2021 Local Government
Elections has been promulgated, those standing Director, Marketing & Communication:
for election have only a few months to gain voters’ Tebogo Mosala
Communication & Marketing Officer:
trust and confidence and ensure they win that Marelda Boshielo
Marketing & Strategic Profiling Officer:
all-important X next to their name Valerie Setshedi
W
Content Writer: Bonolo Selebano
ith the race to the polls officially through initiatives that empower and uplift,
on, what should political parties particularly those aimed at the youth (page 9) and PICASSO EDITORIAL & PRODUCTION TEAM
Content Manager: Raina Julies, rainaj@picasso.co.za
and independents be doing to women leaders (page 52). Other municipalities
Contributors: Jermaine Craig, Ryland Fisher,
win their constituents’ votes? The are focused on improving conditions and
Gareth Griffiths, Levi Letsoko, Denise Mhlanga, Puseletso
list is neither that long nor complicated, but the infrastructure (pages 36 and 38). In Cape Town, the Mompei, Bonolo Selebano, Rodney Weidemann
message from the voters is very clear: “failure to handing over of historical title deeds to residents is Copy Editor: Brenda Bryden
respond to our needs will cost you dearly”. going a long way to address the imbalances of the Content Co-ordinator: Vanessa Payne
This rising sentiment is evident in the past (page 41), while the Hessequa Municipality Head of Design: Jayne Macé-Ferguson
Senior Designer: Mfundo Archie Ndzo
service delivery protests that pop up around has partnered with FNB to equip small businesses
Advert Designer: Bulelwa Sotashe
the country regularly; protests that are likely and entrepreneurs with financial management
Digital Editor: Stacey Visser
to intensify in the build-up to the elections as skills (page 42). Sales Project Manager: Jerome van der Merwe,
Ryland Fisher highlights in his article on page SALGA, as the representative association of jeromem@picasso.co.za
25. So, local municipalities and councillors local governments, has the demanding task of Sales Team: Jacqueline Bezuidenhout,
would do well to listen to and deliver on the preparing local municipalities to not only manage Natasha Hendricks, Frank Simons, Yoliswa Stivin
Production Editor: Shamiela Brenner
demands of their communities. the election process, complicated by the COVID-19
Advertising Co-ordinator: Johan Labuschagne
pandemic, which requires additional safety and
Subscriptions and Distribution:
VOTE FOR THE PERSON, NOT THE PARTY hygiene protocols to be put in place, but also to Fatima Dramat, fatimad@picasso.co.za
Other issues that influence where voters will put manage the transition from one regime to the next. Business Manager: Lodewyk van der Walt
their mark include good governance, honest, The planning is well advanced and the association’s Lodewykv@picasso.co.za
accountable leadership, no political influence National Members Assembly recently convened to Management Accountant: Deidre Musha
General Manager, Magazines: Jocelyne Bayer
or instability within local government and the report on the framework and progress (read more
promise that those whom they have elected into on page 28).
Published by Picasso Headline, a division of
power will do everything possible to bring real SALGA is also responding to the urgent need Arena Holdings
change to the lives of residents. in all spheres of government for assistance in
Those running for office would do well to responding to COVID-19. To counter the pandemic’s
remember that they cannot take voters’ loyalty impact on municipal trade and investment and
for granted. The days of voting along old party to aid recovery, SALGA has developed a set of Hill on Empire, 16 Empire Road (cnr Hillside Road),
lines and relying on voters’ dissatisfaction guidelines to assist municipalities with business Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193
Postal Address: PO Box 12500, Mill Street, Cape Town, 8010
with the alternatives are long gone. Voters are retention and expansion strategies as well as www.businessmediamags.co.za
looking to the individual leader, not the political attracting investment (see page 16). Printing: CTP Printers, Cape Town
party, to influence and effect community The association continues to develop strategic
Follow and like us to keep up to date with SALGA news.
development – this is why coalitions seldom partnerships that support the valuable role SALGA
work (read more in the opinion piece on page plays in helping to boost the country’s economy
47). It is time for local government to listen to (page 48) and ensuring food and water security
what the voting populace wants, set the politics (pages 32 and 44). Copyright: Picasso Headline and SALGA. No portion of this
magazine may be reproduced in any form without written
aside and accelerate service delivery. In this crucial period leading up to election day, consent of the publisher. The publisher is not responsible for
unsolicited material. Voice of Local Government is published
local government needs to continue getting things quarterly by Picasso Headline. The opinions expressed are
GETTING IT RIGHT right and improving the lives of those it serves. not necessarily those of SALGA or Picasso Headline. All
advertisements/advertorials and promotions have been
Many municipalities are getting it right and Now, more than ever, strong, committed, ethical paid for and therefore do not carry any endorsement by
improving the lives of their communities leadership is needed. ▪ SALGA or the publisher.
SALGA National Office SALGA Eastern Cape SALGA Free State SALGA Gauteng SALGA KwaZulu-Natal SALGA Limpopo SALGA Mpumalanga SALGA North West SALGA Northern Cape SALGA Western Cape
Menlyn Corporate Park Berea Terrace Office SALGA House 3rd Floor Braampark 4th Floor Clifton Place 127 Marshall Street SALGA House 56 William Street Block Two, Montrio 7th Floor
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175 Corobay Avenue First Floor, Suite 3 East End 33 Hoofd Street Musgrave 0699 Nelspruit Klerksdorp 10 Oliver Road, Cape Town
Cnr Garsfontein and Berea Bloemfontein Braamfontein Durban Tel: 015-291-1400 1200 2571 Monument Heights, 8000
Corobay East London 9300 2017 4001 Fax: 015-291-1414 Tel: 013-752-1200 Tel: 018-462-5290 Kimberley Tel: 021-446-9800
Waterkloof Glen, Ext 11 5214 Tel: 051-447-1960 Tel: 011-276-1150 Tel: 031-817-0000 Fax: 013-752-5595 Fax: 018-462-4662 8301 Fax: 021-418-2709
Pretoria Tel: 043-727-1150 Fax: 051-430-8250 Fax: 011-276-3636 Fax: 031-817-0034 Tel: 053-836-7900/8
0001 Fax: 043-727-1156/67 Fax: 053-833-3828
Tel: 012-369-8000
Fax: 012-369-8001
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CEO’S FOREWORD
THE BATTLE
UPFRONT
OF THE
BALLOTS IS ON
It’s official, the 2021 Local Government Elections
will be held on Wednesday, 27 October 2021.
Xolile George, SALGA CEO, explains the measures
the association is putting in place to ensure
municipalities are prepared SALGA CEO Xolile George
M
onths before President Cyril Ramaphosa announced BROADER FOCUS OF THE FRAMEWORK
the date of the fifth local government elections, we The framework will also focus on the broader transition, where SALGA
were planning how to prepare our members. Since will assist in developing a social plan for councillors, defining the
the election always has to be held within a certain roles of municipal managers, focusing on the recruitment of senior
time frame, according to the Constitution, we are pleased to have managers, developing the relationship between district and local
an end date and target set in stone. Naturally, these elections will be municipalities, undertaking a register of assets, and providing guidance
particularly challenging, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. around pensions and clarity regarding remuneration and benefits for
In March this year, the SALGA National Executive Committee incoming councillors.
approved a framework for the transition to guide municipalities Other issues the framework will address include ensuring support for
on dealing with the change. More recently, the National Members nonreturning councillors and the adoption of the programme of action for
Assembly (NMA) convened for a two-day meeting to discuss the the development of the SALGA five-year strategy for the 2022 to 2027 term.
progress and deal with the challenges. Local government is centred around restoring the dignity of
Based on the framework and the recommendations of the National people, something that demands ethical people in positions of
Members Assembly (NMA), we have identified a three-phase approach, authority. Understanding this, we have made it clear that consequence
which – followed correctly and dependent on us all working together for management must be implemented, and those found to have acted
a common purpose – should enable the elections and their attendant “wrongly” or be corrupt must be dealt with in a manner that sends a
challenges to be resolved relatively painlessly. clear message.
SALGA’S THREE-PHASE APPROACH LET’S STAND TOGETHER AND REMAIN FOCUSED
In the first phase (before elections), we will assist our members in While the importance of properly managing the transition from the
getting the elements of the build-up in place, including among fourth to the fifth term of local government is secondary to ensuring
others, voter registration, the identification and set-up of polling that the elections are held safely, both are given massive weight by
stations and the nomination of candidates. Working together with the SALGA. As the country’s citizens head for the ballot boxes we are aware
municipalities we will ensure that they are as prepared as possible, of the amount of work you, our members have to do to ensure the safest
despite the challenges created by the virus. One of the key issues possible elections. And, we ask you all to remember that effort, care and
we are addressing is the provision of adequate sanitisers, the correct dedication are just one side of the coin; a strong focus on understanding
spacing in voting queues and strict enforcement of relevant social and answering the communities’ needs and ensuring effective service
distancing measures. delivery is the other.
During the elections (phase 2), we will focus on what is expected of Therefore, in the spirit of Thuma Mina, let me ask each and every one
municipalities in dealing with complex issues such as implementing of you to remain focused and dedicated to your tasks so that we can
COVID-19 safety protocols at the polling stations and managing the ensure a safe and successful elections, and an easy and uncomplicated
declaration of results. transition of local governments thereafter. ▪
The crucial final phase – post-elections – is handling the transition
from the previous regime to the newly elected municipal councils. This We have identified a three-phase approach, which –
involves developing and rolling out guidelines as governance support, followed correctly and dependent on us all working
underlining the roles and responsibilities of structures and political together for a common purpose – should enable
office bearers, planning the inaugural meeting of the newly elected the elections and their attendant challenges to be
council and assisting with protocols related to the administration and resolved relatively painlessly.
funding of municipal activities during the transition.
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 5
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ADVERTORIAL
TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS
FOR SOUTH AFRICAN
MUNICIPALITIES
HENSOLDT South Africa is ready for
partnerships to safeguard local infrastructure
M
unicipalities across South Africa are increasingly looking for
technology solutions to protect their valuable assets and
mitigate the impact of natural disasters such as wildfires
and floods. The aircraft with its ARGOS-II cameras
HENSOLDT South Africa, the country’s leading manufacturer of could fly high and above the strong
electro-optical systems, has developed world-class technology that is winds and monitor a potentially
proven and ready to support cities and municipalities. devastating fire on a 24/7 basis from a
Already HENSOLDT technologies have been used to successfully distance of about 7km.
combat runaway wildfires in Cape Town and Knysna, protected Clear images and data were
precious wildlife in Mpumalanga and Limpopo and contributed to the downloaded to the command-and-control centres, enabling them to
apprehension of smugglers on South Africa’s borders. direct their firefighting and rescue activities to the correct spots, saving
These leading-edge technologies are now available to metro, district and time and effort, and contributing to higher levels of efficiency.
local municipalities. HENSOLDT will partner with municipalities to design The ARGOS-II is a versatile system that is also widely used by law
and implement technology solutions to meet their unique requirements. enforcement and border protection agencies in Europe. Its infrared
cameras can detect the movement of vehicles, people and contraband
EYE-IN-THE-SKY and alert authorities to potential threats.
During the recent fire that ravaged Table Mountain, destroying some 600
hectares of land and causing extensive damage to parts of UCT and Rhodes PROTECTING INFRASTRUCTURE ON LAND
Memorial, the municipality wanted to find the most cost-effective measures On the ground, the HENSOLDT NightOwl is exceptionally effective for
to combat the blaze and protect the lives and properties of residents. observation at extreme ranges. The highly mobile system is deployed at
The ARGOS-II HD, a sophisticated airborne observation system, was strategic locations to monitor suspicious movements and criminal activities.
fitted to a Helix ISR aircraft, provided by CADG, to provide round- It has already been used with great effectiveness in border
the-clock monitoring of the situation. This offered firefighters and protection and conservation management and has played a valuable
rescue workers a valuable “eye-in-the-sky” with the ability to track a role in the broader national efforts to safeguard endangered species.
fast-moving disaster and trigger appropriate responses. The high-tech Similar technology is available to protect local government
cameras on the ARGOS-II were able to detect immediate and future infrastructure in a wide range of applications.
hotspots and monitor the success of the firefighting efforts. • It can be used by law enforcement to recognise the licence plates of
stolen vehicles.
• It can identify and track moving violators.
• It can be installed at municipal key points such as power stations, water
treatment plants, warehouses and office parks.
HENSOLDT South Africa is a local company with research and
manufacturing facilities in both Tshwane and Cape Town.
It forms part of the global HENSOLDT group, which is a
market leader in electronic and security solutions. ▪
For more information:
+27 12 674 0226
infosa@hensoldt.net
www.hensoldt.net
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THE PULSE
The Johannesbug Junior Executive Council during an education on Freedom Day this year.
THE YOUTH AND CIVIC
ENGAGEMENT
Getting the youth involved in
civic activities will ensure that
the country’s future leaders are
The Johannesburg Student Council (JSC) is a civic education channel that was developed
equipped with the skills and to enhance public participation, develop civic-mindedness and educate citizens about local
mindsets to contribute to South government. Established in 2008, the JSC’s aims are to: create awareness of the importance of
Africa’s growth and success, civic responsibility through skills and leadership development; build the awareness of and interest
in the affairs of local government; and act as a platform for the youth where ongoing dialogue
writes Puseletso Mompei
and discussion on issues affecting them is encouraged. The council develops and encourages
I
volunteerism in the youth and demonstrates its importance for communities, the city and the
nvolving young people in various country. It also introduces the concept of “model citizen”, describing it as one who is aware of
local government projects is crucial constitutional rights and obligations.
to developing civic-minded citizens The council hopes to develop a new generation of local government practitioners who are
and responsible, informed leaders. To knowledgeable about civic issues and the functioning and structures of local government.
entrench a culture of active citizenry in the During their two-year term of office, the students sitting on the council participate in interactive
country’s youth, municipalities, including workshops on topics including democracy education, use of social media and technology,
the City of Johannesburg, eThekwini, personal branding, protocol and etiquette, and listening skills. They also enrol in programmes
Midvaal, and others, have embarked on aimed at skills development, including project management skills, debating skills, creative arts,
initiatives and programmes to include and writing skills and organisational skills.
develop the youth and address some of The Junior Student Council programme promotes volunteerism by identifying institutions
their issues. and communities where volunteer work is needed, for example, orphanages and old age homes.
Exposure is a key component of the council and it facilitates international and local exchanges to
CITY OF JOHANNESBURG: the USA, Germany and Cape Town.
CREATING LEADERS
The City of Johannesburg says that the The Johannesburg Student Council is a civic education channel that was
core business of the legislature is to ensure developed to enhance public participation, develop civic-mindedness
good governance, built on a strong and and educate citizens about local government.
empowered citizenry.
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 9
SALGA35_Youth.indd 9 2021/06/30 5:30 PMsupport youth development initiatives to
improve the socioeconomic status of young
people. The municipality is responsible for
promoting, advocating and lobbying for, and
facilitating an enabling environment that
seeks to improve young people’s access to
skills, employability and entrepreneurship.
The Youth Programme has four focal areas:
•
•
capacity building
•
•
The Entrepreneurial Skills project is aimed at
equipping youth who are already in business
with the skills to enable them to compete
in the mainstream economy. The project
is implemented in partnership with the
Business Support and Skills Development
Units. Companies that have been trained
have formed a consortium that co-ordinates
activities and support one another in
developing their businesses.
The City of Mbombela’s agricultural programme is helping young trainees to earn an income. The municipality’s Organisational
Development and Capacity-building
project places emphasis on empowering
youth formations with the capacity to
eThekwini Municipality’s Youth Programme seeks to empower young
effectively manage their organisations. It
people with entrepreneurial skills. Its vision is to create a conducive focuses on four areas – the empowerment
environment and support youth development initiatives to improve the of youth formations to contribute positively
socioeconomic status of young people. to addressing social imbalances; fighting
unemployment; improving organisational
discipline in youth organisations; and enabling
youth to participate in council matters.
Local youth forums have been established
CIVIC EDUCATION EXCURSION PROGRAMME in all wards to strengthen the notion of
Recently, SALGA in collaboration with the City of Johannesburg embarked on a youth- participatory democracy. These structures
oriented civic education excursion programme in the form of a Junior Executive Council. will ensure youth participation and serve as
It comprised a newly elected junior mayor and councillors who were placed in different channels for disseminating information. They
portfolios within the city. The council was made up of a mixture of young people of different will also interact with the KwaZulu-Natal
racial groups from 22 schools around Johannesburg. The excursion aimed to educate them South Africa Youth Council (KZNSAYC) and
on and raise awareness of our country’s history. support the youth office in championing
On 27 April 2021, the city’s Junior Executive Council visited the Hector Peterson Memorial youth interests. The municipality’s Youth
Museum and Nelson Mandela House Museum. These platforms were used to educate the Outreach programme is designed to highlight
youth on the struggle, as well as to reflect on what local government and service delivery opportunities for the youth to fight poverty
have meant for the freedom of citizens. The date marks that historic day in 1994 when the and create jobs. Various departments are
first free and democratic elections were held and the nation was introduced to peace, unity, invited to attend gatherings. This project has
and the restoration of human dignity – hallmarks of Freedom Day. This is a day for all South three objectives – the empowerment of youth
Africans to celebrate the relentless efforts of those who fought for liberation. The city is to widen their scope of business initiatives,
committed to defending that sacred freedom, however, this can only be done by ensuring to allow different departments to evaluate
that the next generation is sufficiently educated about our country’s history to protect and the relevance of services rendered to young
pass it on to future generations. customers, and to keep the youth database
up to date.
ETHEKWINI MUNICIPALITY: CHAMPIONING ENTREPRENEURSHIP The youth office celebrates national holidays
Youth Programme eThekwini Municipality’s Youth Programme seeks to empower young in partnership with other role players like the
people with entrepreneurial skills. Its vision is to create a conducive environment and Provincial Youth Commission. Celebration
10 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE 35
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The arts are a key industry for the [Tshwane] municipality, and the and Mbombela Film have partnered with a
youth office assists aspiring young musicians through organising production company to shoot a 13 episode
festivals, workshops and symposia. The office has trained and series in Barberton commissioned by the SABC.
supported aspiring film-makers and produced a few productions
such as Mjindi and Nomvula. MIDVAAL: MOVING AHEAD WITH
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
The executive mayor of Midvaal has
identified youth development as one of
the critical areas needing intervention to
alleviate high unemployment, poverty
of Youth Day is part of the nation-building operatives to manufacture washing substances and socioeconomic ills. He has since
initiatives and is a way of keeping South and polish to supply to car wash operations. introduced the Kgatelopele Youth
African youth in touch with their history. The waste management subprogramme Development Programme.
targets recycling, water reticulation and The programme trains youth in skills
TSHWANE MUNICIPALITY: grass cutting. The arts are a key industry for development, business administration and
EMPOWERMENT AND the municipality, and the youth office assists management, entrepreneurship, and sector
ENTREPRENEURSHIP aspiring young musicians through organising specific technical skills. About R1-million
Tshwane Municipality has various initiatives festivals, workshops and symposia. The was used for training and development,
focusing on the youth, these include the office has trained and supported aspiring and R30-million worth of opportunities was
construction subprogramme, which is aimed film-makers and produced a few productions set aside for this programme. Young graduates
at empowering local people through the such as Mjindi and Nomvula. The municipality are considered and linked to job opportunities
procurement of services as mandated by the has a good sports programme and before the or further training programmes.
Preferential Procurement Policy Framework. The outbreak of COVID-19, it was in the process The Kgatelopele Youth Development
type of services provided on this programme of entering into a partnership with Siyabonga Programme was conceptualised and
include bricklaying, civil works, plumbing, Nkosi Foundation to develop soccer players implemented to empower and capacitate
electrical, columns, plants, water tanks, tippers through its school of excellence. the youth so that they can compete fairly
and other construction essentials. The municipality’s youth empowerment within the municipality’s procurement
The municipality’s partnership with the Youth programme achievements include opportunities and other business interests.
Chamber of Commerce allows it to apply for successfully recruiting 350 youth to Kgatelopele companies are continuing
Galitos franchise to be based on the campus participate in the Masisebente Youth to express interest in the municipal
and owned by young people. Ten per cent of Development Programme. It also assisted in procurement opportunities, and some
the profit made through the franchise will be the construction of a car wash facility owned have been awarded tenders. Some of the
contributed to tuition fees for needy students. by Makhosi from the eastern region around Kgatelopele companies participated in the
The municipality is also poised to open a poultry Kabokweni. The car wash has created five “War on Leaks” Programme – an initiative
farming co-operative for young people to breed permanent jobs for the youth of the area to stem water loss that was implemented
chickens and supply the franchise with chickens and it has a traditional food outlet, which across the municipality.
and vegetables. Other programmes include is owned by a young woman, bringing the
clothing and textile development that can be put number of job opportunities to six. The Junior Council Programme
to use in the production of graduation gowns, office has successfully piloted a code 10 The Junior Council Programme is one of
dresses, suits and personal protective equipment driver’s licence programme and has had the ways the municipality contributes
for various departments such as schools, five beneficiaries obtain their licences. The towards educating and developing the
hospitals, and prisons. municipality looks forward to assisting as youth in Midvaal. It helps foster and create
The agriculture subprogramme deals with many destitute young people across the a sense of civic awareness and pride among
farming in both livestock and crops. It has city as possible. The city has partnered with youth. This programme has helped to
trained many young people and entered into Brian Shabangu Academy whereby the promote tolerance by introducing learners
agreement with several retailers to provide office raised R50 000 for the school fees and to various cultures, languages and practices.
the youth with potential business. uniform of a young man from Mbombela Midvaal’s Junior Council meets monthly
The University of Tshwane and the – he is now based in KwaZulu-Natal and to plan academic activities in participating
municipality have signed a memorandum of has been recruited to the AmaZulu FC schools. After every meeting, they debate
understanding (MoU) and will be exploring Development. The municipality hopes to different topics with an emphasis on citizen
it to benefit both the university students and support more talent within the city. responsibility. Junior Council activities
general society. Potential businesses that can The City of Mbombela has signed an include computer training programmes,
help to ease the financial burdens of students MoU with Mbombela Film and CCFSA, this a learner’s licence preprogramme, report
include hairdressing, nail salons, spas, and other agreement entails creating job opportunities writing skills, life skills, community
beauty services. The car wash subprogramme in film, stage plays, drama, music, fashion development programmes and
aims to develop and train youth-owned co- shows, and other creative ways. The city conservation efforts. ▪
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 11
SALGA35_Youth.indd 11 2021/06/30 5:30 PMNATIONAL SILTATION
PROGRAMME TO ENSURE
LONGEVITY OF SA’S LARGE DAMS
A three-year programme, managed by the Water Research Commission and
funded by the Department of Water and Sanitation, is expected to ensure the
longevity of South Africa’s large dams
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T
he National Dam Siltation Management Programme is as the NatSilt Programme. The programme represents a
expected to develop a Siltation Management Strategy to collaborative, transdisciplinary approach to tackle the wide
ensure the effective and sustainable management of the spectrum of dam siltation and storage capacity challenges in
nation’s bulk water resource infrastructure. South Africa.
As a water-scarce country with extremely variable rainfall, South The programme was officially launched in May 2021 at the
Africa is highly dependent on the storage of water in large dams for NatSilt Symposium on Protecting Our Source Water Systems, a
its water supply. Nationally, the total storage capacity of the major virtual event held over two days. Key outcomes of the symposium
reservoirs in the country amounts to an estimated 33 900 million m3 included the role municipalities play in the maintenance of the
– or about 70 per cent of the mean annual runoff from the land catchment areas and how crucial it is that there is co-operation
surface of the country. Most of South Africa’s dam infrastructure was between the various government departments in ensuring the
constructed before 1980 and therefore many of these engineering success of the programme. Leonardo Manus, acting deputy
structures are decades old. In addition, seven of South Africa’s nine director general: Infrastructure Operations & Maintenance at
provinces rely on interbasin transfers – where water is transferred from the DWS, says: “We have established our whole economy and
one catchment to another through sophisticated water infrastructure livelihoods around these majestic dam structures, but we can
– which provide more than half of their water requirements. so easily lose them if we don’t apply proper management
However, these large dams experience various threats to their procedures to keep them in that state.
sustainability, not least of which is siltation. South African rivers, in “The NatSilt Programme will provide the department with
general, carry large loads of suspended silt, both as a result of natural tools and intelligence to make appropriate, site-specific decisions
processes and human-induced activities, such as deforestation, industry regarding each dam instead of having a blanket approach,”
activities, improper farming techniques and overgrazing. Silt ends up in he explains. “Where sedimentation occurs to such an extent
the country’s dams where it reduces the storage capacity. The problem is that it has to be dealt with, we will create a business model
exacerbated by an increase in high-intensity rainfall events coupled with that will not be detrimental to of those who are dependent on
longer periods of aridity as a result of climate change. the dam. To minimise costs to the downstream users in that
specific catchment, we need to find alternatives to expensive
LOST CAPACITY AND SILTATION MANAGEMENT methodologies and dredging models to keep any dam operating.”
All of South Africa’s dams are affected by siltation to a greater or lesser The NatSilt Programme, aims to ensure that bulk water resource
degree. The most well-known example is the Welbedacht Dam on infrastructure is managed in an efficient, effective and sustainable
the Caledon River in the Free State Province. The dam was originally manner to ensure economic growth, social development and
constructed in 1973 to supply water to the city of Bloemfontein. By 1988, poverty eradication. “The programme will provide a package of
merely 15 years after construction, the dam had already lost 73 per cent siltation management solutions as well as an overall strategy.
of its original storage capacity. Hazelmere Dam, located on the Mdloti With this programme we hope to not only address some of the
River in KwaZulu-Natal and completed in 1975, has lost more than 25 per cent water challenges the country is facing, but also to establish a
of its original design capacity through siltation. collaborative approach to dealing with matters affecting the
It is estimated that South Africa is losing about one per cent of storage water sector rather than organisations and institutions working in
capacity in its dams to siltation every year. The limits to the development of silos,” says WRC senior project manager Lesego Gaegane.
surface water sources have almost been reached and the opportunities for “Siltation of dams is a worldwide problem, which results in
the spatial economic placement of new dams are few. Dam construction the loss of storage capacity and exacerbates water insecurity.
is costly, and it is not cost-effective to replace the lost capacity in existing Effective siltation prevention and management will save scarce
water infrastructure by building more bulk water infrastructure. It is fiscal resources by extending the life cycle of our existing dams.”
therefore imperative that the country manages its existing bulk water
infrastructure as effectively as possible and extends the storage life of THREE PHASES
its existing large dams. There are several options for preventing and The programme is being undertaken in three phases, the first of
managing siltation in South Africa’s dams. Siltation management should which is currently underway. The main objective of phase one
not be a blanket approach and should be site-specific. is the development of the Siltation Management Strategy to
There is thus a requirement for a toolbox of solutions to address prevent and manage the siltation of dams as well as stimulate local
the siltation challenge in South Africa. To this end, the Department economies and cost recovery. The strategy will be supported by:
of Water and Sanitation (DWS) appointed the Water Research • risk management, monitoring and evaluation frameworks
Commission (WRC) to develop the National Siltation Management • governance and financial considerations
Strategy for Large Dams in South Africa, more commonly known • An implementation plan and future research requirementst
It has been recognised that all the dam siltation management tools and strategies will not
be implementable without a parallel capacity-building component to support new skills
development and skills transfer through the project and its design.
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ADVERTORIAL
Phase one will also see the investigation of Dredging can be a technique to deal with It is estimated that South Africa
the current models being used to manage sediment in dams, although it is seen by is losing about one per cent of
siltation in South Africa. The objective is many as an expensive solution that is highly storage capacity in its dams to
to generate and test tools that will enable site-specific. There are several advantages siltation every year.
the alleviation of dam siltation through and disadvantages when it comes to
optimised catchment management dredging. These factors, together with
as well as dam engineering frequency, cost/benefit and
methodologies and environmental risk, will be
innovations. An investigated towards
operations model the development of Phase two is expected to start during the
will be proposed a dredging model second year of the NatSilt Programme, which
to optimise and that will guide will run in parallel with the close-out of phase
enhance dam such activities one. Phase two will entail the piloting of the
management in South Africa. decision-making tools, operations models,
plans, processes, Priority sites will be dredging models and protocols, capacity
procedures, identified through building and monitoring and evaluation
regulation and a consultative indicators.
compliance. A process to capture Three sites have been identified where
toolbox will be areas requiring these tools and models will be piloted:
developed alongside Lesego intervention. • Welbedacht Dam (Free State)
Gaegane
this that will delve It has been recognised • Hazelmere Dam (KwaZulu-Natal)
into critical decision areas, that all the dam siltation • Darlington Dam/Orange-Fish Government
system indicators and management management tools Water Scheme (Eastern Cape).
boundaries in relation to efficient and effective and strategies will not be
siltation management. As part of a risk implementable without a parallel Phase three is the culmination of the
monitoring framework, real-time monitoring capacity-building component to programme. This phase will involve taking
indicators and responses will be proposed, support new skills development and the learnings from phases one and two and
including costs to operationalise. For new skills transfer through the project and revising the strategy, adapting and improving
dams, design considerations will be developed its design. The programme will develop the models and tools based on stakeholder
to ensure siltation is minimised as well as training material, modules and four skills engagement and pilots.
considerations of the cost-benefit of dam basin programmes during phase one to support a The NatSilt Programme will be concluded at
management versus siltation of the dam. successful and value-adding phase two. the end of 2023. ▪
“Siltation of dams is a worldwide problem, which results in the loss of storage capacity and so
exacerbates water insecurity. Effective siltation prevention and management will save scarce fiscal
resources by extending the lifecycle of our existing dams.” – Lesego Gaegane
For more information:
Lesego Gaegane
Senior project manager
lesegog@wrc.org.za
Vuyokazi Matiwana
Project officer
vuyokazim@wrc.org.za
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 15
SALGA35_Water RC.indd 15 2021/06/30 5:51 PMRESPONDING TO
THE NEW NORMAL
The COVID-19 pandemic is not just a health crisis and “an economic blip that will pass”, but also a
turning point in history. All spheres of government need to respond in proportion to the massive
impact the pandemic will create for decades to come, reports Jermaine Craig
LOCAL GOVERNMENT PUT
UNDER PRESSURE
Municipalities have had to step in during
this time of crisis, even performing functions
outside of their usual scope, when the
communities they serve have most needed
their help.
“As a frontline sphere that carries the
hopes and aspirations of many South
Africans through the provision of life-
supporting services, local government has
had to bear the full brunt of the pandemic.
Communities in desperate need of assistance
– from shelters to food parcels – turned to
local government for support, mainly due to
proximity. This led to the sector performing
functions outside of its legislative mandate,
such as providing shelter for the homeless, to
mention just one,” says Letlhaku.
He says other challenges have directly
The township economy was hard hit by COVID-19. impacted local government, some
precipitated and others exacerbated by the
T
pandemic. These include:
he COVID-19 pandemic has devastated governments and economies worldwide and South • A sharp decline in revenue has impacted
African municipalities – already ravaged by strained cash flows – have been hard hit. the ability of municipalities to deliver
“The country and world at large faces a threat of epic proportions, one that has services. This will have a knock-on effect
decimated even the biggest economies and, by extension, livelihoods. Though the world on addressing infrastructure backlogs.
has previously experienced economic setbacks – such as the 2008 financial crisis – they pale • Low revenues will affect the liquidity of
in comparison to the novel COVID-19 pandemic. What makes the current crisis peculiar is municipalities. This will further lead to
that, unlike the previous events, it is not a typical economic cycle – like a recession, where a rise in bad debts provision and thus
economies contract and later rebound – but a far worse and cataclysmic event in history,” says a decline in municipalities’ operating
Gaethijwe Letlhaku, senior advisor Economic Development for SALGA Gauteng, as he seeks to balances over the foreseeable future.
take stock of this unprecedented time. • An increase in the number of indigent
Letlhaku says what made matters worse is that even before the pandemic reached South households, further eroding the
African shores, the country’s economy was already in the doldrums. municipalities’ revenue base.
“As such, the pandemic has not created a new problem, but simply exacerbated an already • Despite the plummeting revenues,
existing and deeply entrenched crisis of chronic poverty, unemployment and inequality. It is safe municipalities are still faced with rising
to say that the legacy of this pandemic will live with us long after it is defeated. Any response costs stemming from the response efforts
should thus be proportional to the magnitude of the problem at hand and should not trivialise to the pandemic, for example, interest-free
this period as another economic blip that will pass easily, for this is a catastrophic event and a incentives for overdue rates and taxes, shelter
turning point in history that will have far-reaching implications not only for the economy, but for homeless people and food parcels.
also for the future of humanity. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has somewhat levelled the Leadership mattered most right now and
playing field as it relates to economic challenges wherein countries can develop new economies Lelhaku says that municipalities need to be
within their borders and be less reliant on imports,” says Letlhaku. guided through a post-COVID-19 transition to
16 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE 35
SALGA35_Covid 19.indd 16 2021/06/30 5:47 PMIN THE HEADLINES
THE PULSE
“We are in a time of great uncertainty and it is important to note the
crucial role that local municipalities can play in the resuscitation of
the economy. In many instances, local government plays an even more
important role than central government.” – Professor Wim Naude
BACK TO THE BASICS “The objective of the initiative is to assist
SALGA has gone back to the basics in assisting municipalities with administrative simplification
municipalities to get the building blocks in place and red tape during the investment approval
to help aid their recovery. processes. SALGA is also working in collaboration
Professor Wim Naude of Cork University. “Since 2019, SALGA has, through its economic with the National Treasury (NT) and Department
growth and investments portfolio, been of Trade, Industry and Competition (DTIC) to
continue to serve their communities, minimise implementing recommendations from its assist metropolitan municipalities to reduce
negative economic impacts, and maximise their Municipal Trade and Investment Situational the cost of doing business and improve the
economic recovery. Analysis research. The implementation of ease of doing business through the ‘Doing
recommendations is SALGA’s effort to assist Business’ and ‘Sub National Doing Business’
WHAT THE EXPERTS ADVISE municipalities to create an enabling environment research and reform programmes. SALGA
Professor Wim Naude of the Cork University for business set-up, operation and expansion. is conceptualising a programme that seeks
in Ireland provided some insights into the So far, it has developed Municipal Investment to benchmark municipalities against each
key considerations for municipal trade and Guidelines that aim to assist municipalities in other with respect to municipal investment
investment in a post-COVID-19 reality. formulating and reviewing their investment competitiveness. The current efforts have been
“We are in a time of great uncertainty and it attraction, promotion and business retention focusing only on metropolitan municipalities,”
is important to note the crucial role that local strategies,” says Mukotsanjera-Kowayi. says Mukotsanjera-Kowayi.
municipalities can play in the resuscitation of the “The guidelines provide clear strategies for The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) has
economy. In many instances, local government municipalities to attract potential investors had an impact on economic recovery for
plays an even more important role than central and provide business retention and expansion municipalities through the greater use of
government,” Naude told delegates. to existing businesses. The guidelines will be digital technologies to provide services, such as
Martin Cameron, managing director of Trade piloted in selected municipalities in the current the electronic rates clearance certificates.
Advisory Research South Africa, told the delegates financial year. There will be an increased focus on Mukotsanjera-Kowayi says 4IR has also
that South Africa can promote economic growth business retention strategies to avoid company facilitated the use of automation for business
through leveraging off exports, which happen shutdowns and job losses. registration (CIPC), investment approvals and
within municipal jurisdictions. The guidelines also provide a framework simplifying licencing processes.
“Government needs to play a facilitation role of how to promote their municipalities as Regarding international best practices,
to enable companies to do better business and investment destinations and packaging SALGA has benchmarked countries such
grow exports,” said Cameron. communication strategies and provision of as Kosovo, Phillipines, Sri Lanka and Croatia
He urged municipalities to also view financial and non financial incentives,” she explains. (Municipal Competitive Index), as well as
economic resuscitation holistically, saying SALGA has been working closely with Rwanda and Mauritius (improved ease of doing
that service delivery is key to opening up the Department of Small Business business ranking in Africa).
investment opportunities. He added that South Development (DSBD) on the national Red
Africa depends largely on municipalities to Tape Reduction initiative. THE OPPORTUNITIES
go back to basics and deliver equitable and FOR TRANSFORMATION
efficient service delivery, which will enable Letlhaku says that while the pandemic has
investment opportunities overall, especially brought into sharp focus the deep and chronic
where infrastructure is concerned. inequalities bedevilling our country, it has also
“The basic building blocks are the foundation for provided opportunities.
economic resuscitation, and municipalities hold the “While these structural inequalities were
power. There is no magic formula, let’s rather focus prevalent pre-COVID, they have nonetheless
on getting basics right,” Cameron stated. become more glaring during the pandemic.
SALGA senior adviser on municipal trade and It is therefore incumbent upon all of us to use
investment Vailet Mukotsanjera-Kowayi says this crisis as an instigator of transformation
that the pandemic’s impact on municipal trade and, in the process, create a new, inclusive
and investment could be felt in the reduction in economy that works for all. This is a once-
domestic and foreign investments, in international in-a-lifetime opportunity that should not be
trade due to travel restrictions, shrinking household missed. As the saying goes, ‘in every crisis lies
savings, which compromise investments, and high an opportunity and the deeper the crisis, the
Vailet Mukotsanjera-Kowayi
company shutdowns and disinvestments. better the opportunity’,” says Letlhaku.
ISSUE 35 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT 17
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THE PULSE
DID YOU KNOW? “This pandemic implores local government to be restructured to have direct economic
More than 2.2 million indigent development mandates such as investment attraction, incentives through tax holidays and
households benefit from free basic schemes that would catalyse mainstream economic growth rather than the focus on local
water services, while 1.8 million economic development,” Letlhaku adds.
score from free basic electricity. On The country’s youth, dominant in the country and hard hit by poverty and unemployment, are
top of this, 1.5 million receive free crucial in saving South Africa’s future.
sewerage and 2 million benefit from “The youth must be skilled and injected into the economy through changes in tertiary
free solid waste management. institutions’ curricula. Such changes will enable educational institutions to churn out graduates
Source: Stats SA’s annual Non-fi nancial Census
skilled in areas that are required by the market. Research, knowledge and development to
of Municipalities (NFCS) report for 2019.
ensure that market trends are matched by the requisite societal human capital must result in the
absorption of economically active youth. The mechanisms applied must make certain that jobless
Some of the options that SALGA Gauteng says growth does not happen in light of the South African challenges that have been exacerbated by
are available: the COVID-19 pandemic,” concludes Letlhaku. ▪
• Forge a new, more resilient economy: one
that is more durable and human-centric
and less susceptible to the anarchy of the
global market.
• Pursue an economic model that not only
facilitates, but also expedites restorative justice.
• Shore up the economy against future shocks
by gradually building in self-containment
– through, in part, local manufacturing – in
key sectors to guarantee resilience, and in
the process ensure that exposure to external
factors is minimised.
• Explore other avenues of economic prosperity.
• The province is currently facilitating and
co-ordinating economic development role
players to effectively support municipalities
in areas such as trade and investment
(focusing on investment promotion,
investment facilitation, after care and
business retention) and contribute to
the ‘Growing Gauteng Together Strategy’.
The COVID-19 crisis, Letlhaku says, has meant
that innovation and technology have been
forced upon us to hasten the pace of artificial MUNICIPAL INCOME FAST FACTS
intelligence and innovation. • The local government landscape is dominated by eight large metropolitan
“South Africa has been lagging behind in municipalities that, as a group, contribute about 60 per cent to total
this regard and COVID-19 has pushed local municipal income.
government to begin to use technology • As urban centres, these cities (together with smaller, secondary cities) are able
for public participation processes that are to generate the bulk of their income from service charges and property rates.
legislated and are enshrined in the Republic’s • The much smaller, rural municipalities are typically more dependent on grants
Constitution,” he says. and subsidies than they are on other income sources.
“The country has not yet mastered the • The biggest source of income in the service charges and property rates
effective application of stimulus packages that category is the sale of electricity, which contributes about a quarter of total
would require re-engineering the tax regime municipal income. When sales of electricity rise and fall, it has a noticeable
of the country and apply more prudent fiscal effect on total income.
discipline to grow local economies.
“The guidelines provide clear strategies for municipalities to attract potential investors and provide
business retention and expansion to existing businesses. The guidelines will be piloted in selected
IMAGES: SUPPLIED
municipalities in the current financial year. There will be an increased focus on business retention
strategies to avoid company shutdowns and job losses.” – Vailet Mukotsanjera-Kowayi
18 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE 35
SALGA35_Covid 19.indd 18 2021/06/30 5:47 PMUntitled-1 1 2021/06/15 3:29 PM
BEYOND SCATTERGUN:
THE NEW FACE OF
RANSOMWARE
Ransomware attacks are on the increase and the
consequences are costly. Organisations must invest in
multifaceted prevention measures to protect their data
T
he war on digital security is
being fought on different fronts.
Cyberattacks are more common
and the type and impact have
changed. Viruses used to focus on system
damage and data destruction, typically
randomly infecting as many systems as
possible. Now, ransomware attacks are
more carefully considered to maximise the
hackers’ return.
CYBERCRIME IS BIG BUSINESS
So, while the complexity has increased, the
potential profits driving each attack have
also increased. Cybercriminals understand
data is a company’s biggest asset and
denying access to that information can
prevent it from functioning. The result is
effectively data kidnapping, or ransomware.
Tools must constantly evolve to conduct
ransomware attacks and criminals are more
selective when choosing a target. The return
may not meet the effort required to attack a
“mom-and-pop” business, while enterprises
have more to lose, so the potential for a big
payout is real.
In 2019, ransomware was reported
to have cost businesses $11.50-billion.
A year later, that number was more
than $20-billion1. Beyond the ransom
itself, companies can expect to absorb
costs in lost revenue, data, systems and
intellectual property; system restorations,
Ransomware attacks are not “just” a business issue, but can easily re-establishment of operations; and
IMAGES: SUPPLIED
become public emergencies affecting healthcare, communications, reputational damage. The total cost of
transport, and other critical infrastructure. cybercrime could be more than $6-trillion
annually by 20212.
20 VOICE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ISSUE 35
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