GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...

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GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
FALL 2017

                        GETTING UNDER
                           THE SKIN           Emphasis on translation is driving
                                               discoveries in dermatology. • 18

INSIDE

INTERVENTIONS IN      GIVING IT A SHOT • 22          ROLE MODEL • 26        SPOTLIGHT ON STEVEN J.
THE REAL WORLD • 14                                                         CORWIN ’79 MD • 32
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
FIRST GLANCE                            Northwestern Medicine Community Spotlight

  White Coats
                                                First-year medical students model their new
  FOUNDERS’ DAY CELEBRATION                     white coats in front of Chicago’s Fourth
                                                Presbyterian Church and the John Hancock
                                                Building. Pictured (left to right), Fernando
                                                Hernandez, Nathaniel Moxon, Allison Morgan,
                                                Maya Jackson-Gibson, Benjamin Stocker,
                                                Sasha Kurumety and Celeste Witting.

Northwestern Medicine magazine          Kuehn, Marla Paul, Cheryl SooHoo,          Call or email us at 312-503-4210 or          Connect with NM online:
is published quarterly for alumni       Anna Williams                              medcommunications@northwestern.edu               fb.me/feinbergschoolofmedicine
                                                                                   ©2017 Northwestern University.
and friends of Northwestern             Editorial Advisors: Eric G. Neilson, MD,
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Editorial Assistant: Anita Chase        ’73 MD, President; Rishi Reddy, ’00 MD,    Northwestern University, Feinberg School
Contributing Writers: Andrea Arntsen-   President-elect                            of Medicine, Office of Communications
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                                                                                                                                    PHOTOG R APHY BY Nathan Mandell
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E MAGA ZIN E                                                                            Fall 2017          CONTENTS

Features

  14                                                                          18

INTERVENTIONS IN THE REAL WORLD                                             GETTING UNDER THE SKIN
Investigators are working closely with community partners to                Emphasis on translation is driving discoveries in dermatology.
address healthcare challenges.

  22                                                                          26

GIVING IT A SHOT                                                            ROLE MODEL
First patient undergoes innovative gene therapy to fight brain cancer.      Roopal Kundu guides students through the admissions process
                                                                            and beyond.

Departments
LEADERSHIP                           PULSE                                  ALUMNI                                 WARD ROUNDS®
02   Giving Back to Our Neighbors    03   On Campus                         29   Alumni President’s Message        41     Center for Genetic Medicine:
                                          Welcoming the Class of 2021,      30   Gift Story                               17 Years of Growth
                                          Hospital Rankings, Reducing       31   Professorships
                                          Gunshot Mortality, Medical        32   Alumni Profile
                                                                                                                    ON THE COVER
                                          Students Broaden Their Horizons        Steven J. Corwin, ’79 MD           Three-dimensional reconstructed normal
                                     10   Research Briefs                   34 Progress Notes                       human skin (raft culture) showing the
                                     12   Media Spotlight                                                           overlay of insulin-like growth factor
                                                                            40 Perspective                          receptor (green), caveolin-1 (red) and
                                     13   Faculty Awards & Honors                Sincer Jacob, ’13 PA-C             DAPI-stained nuclei (blue). Image
                                                                                                                    courtesy of Duncan Dam, PhD, a
                                                                                                                    postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Amy
                                                                                                                    Paller, MD, chair of Dermatology.

                                                                                                                                 MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG       1
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
LEADERSHIP

Giving Back to Our Neighbors
                                                          But clinical care alone does not paint

                                                                                                             $747.3 million
                                                    a complete picture of the community en-
                                                    gagement that advances our mission as an
                                                    academic health center. Our investigators are
                                                                                                             USED BY NORTHWESTERN
                                                    also carrying out research with community
                                                                                                             MEDICINE TO DELIVER HEALTH-
                                                    collaborators on projects to help us better              CARE INITIATIVES TO THE
                                                    understand and treat the diverse neigh-                  COMMUNITY
                                                    borhoods and populations we serve and to
                                                    deepen discovery beyond the walls of our

Eric G. Neilson, MD      Dean M. Harrison
                                                    own labs and clinics. Ronald Ackermann, MD,
                                                    MPH, our senior associate dean for Public                Year One
                                                    Health explains why this work is so important:           MEDICAL STUDENTS GET
                                                                                                             INVOLVED IN COMMUNITY

N
                                                   “We dedicate our careers to learning, de-
                                                                                                             OUTREACH OFF CAMPUS
           ORTHWESTERN MEDICINE’S                   veloping and applying strong theories and
           SOCIAL MISSION IS to improve the         innovative methodologies toward ultimate

                                                                                                             200
           health of the communities we serve.      goals of improving human health and well-
From the dedicated efforts of our clinicians        being, but we cannot accomplish our goals if
to the academic and volunteer work of our           we distance ourselves from the people who
                                                                                                             COMMUNITY PARTNERS HELP US
faculty, students and trainees, the entire aca-     have firsthand experience with the problems
                                                                                                             PROVIDE EDUCATION, RESEARCH
demic health system is committed to giving          we are trying to solve.”                                 AND POSITIVE OUTCOMES FOR
back to the people we care for and the places             It’s also a point of pride for Feinberg            PATIENTS
we call home.                                       that we attract some of the most pas-
      Clinical care is the most recognizable        sionate, motivated and engaged students
component of this mission, and we are proud         in the world, all dedicated to improving the      particularly incredible is that our students do
to deliver medically-necessary healthcare           world around them. Roopal Kundu, ’01 MD,          all of this while juggling the varied challenges
to everyone who seeks it, regardless of their      ’02 GME, our associate dean for Admissions,        of medical school.
ability to pay. In fiscal year 2016, we provided    describes the medical students her team                 Fundamental to the DNA of Northwestern
more than $747.3 million to the community           works hard to recruit as “people who want to      Medicine is our mission to improve human
through charity care, unreimbursed costs of         give back to the community around them in         health. To deliver on that promise, we strive
Medicaid and Medicare, research, education          a bigger space than the patient-physician         continually to understand the diverse
and community health initiatives.                   relationship.”                                    neighborhoods and populations we serve.
      We also realize that to have the greatest           As soon as they arrive at Feinberg,         It’s a pursuit we have come to understand as
impact, we need to work with our neighbors          students begin to learn about the communi-        core to our identity as an academic health
and learn from them. Our health system has          ties they will care for, and how to give back.    system. Working closely with our community
partnered with community-based organi-              Our first-years go off campus to perform          partners — more than 200 organizations to
zations to identify and respond to priority         outreach and help care for the uninsured and      date — empowers us to provide unique
health concerns within their communities            underserved. They volunteer in community          educational experiences, strengthens our
and to systematically reduce barriers to            health clinics and choose to rotate through       research enterprise and improves outcomes
patient care services. Together we have             federally qualified health centers. They          for our patients and communities.
developed important initiatives to promote          also develop long-term relationships with
healthy lifestyles and minimize risk factors        high-risk patients through our Education-         With warm regards,
for heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular           Centered Medical Home program, which
disease and other chronic diseases; to              places students in the same outpatient            Eric G. Neilson, MD
provide women’s health services to at-risk          clinic throughout their four years. Students      Vice President for Medical Affairs
women; to address mental health and                 also tutor and mentor children living in          Lewis Landsberg Dean
recreational drug use; and to give some of          poverty, provide free sports physicals and
our community’s most vulnerable patients            give at-risk children in Chicago opportuni-       Dean M. Harrison
access to care.                                     ties to participate in positive recreational      President and CEO
                                                    activities, like an annual camping trip. What’s   Northwestern Memorial Healthcare

2    NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
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PULSE

ON CAMPUS

Incoming Medical Students
Celebrate Founders’ Day
WRIT TEN BY Anna Williams

THE CLASS OF                                      There are a myriad of exciting
                                                  times ahead for you,” said Eric
2021 BEGINS                                       G. Neilson, MD, vice president
MEDICAL SCHOOL                                    for Medical Affairs and Lewis
                                                  Landsberg Dean.
                                                      During his opening
For first-year medical student Rebecca Xu,
                                                  address, Neilson discussed the
Founders’ Day marked the moment she
                                                  history of the medical school
was officially welcomed into the medical
                                                  and shared with students the
profession.
                                                  unique responsibilities they
     “It’s really exciting to finally put on my
                                                  assume by entering into the
white coat,” she said. “This has been a dream                                        First-year medical student
                                                  profession.                        Nikita Saladi puts on her white
of mine my whole life, and now it’s culminating                                      coat with help from second-year
                                                      “We know we are going to
in this one symbolic moment: putting on the                                          student Jenna Stoehr.
                                                  train great doctors at Feinberg,
uniform of medicine.”
     Founders’ Day, an annual tradition held
August 11 this year, serves to initiate the
incoming class of first-year medical students,        Class of 2021 students
                                                      (top row left to right)
honor Feinberg’s founders and mark the offi-
                                                      Anna Briker and Lindsey
cial beginning of the new academic year.              Cheu with (bottom row
                                                      left to right) Nancy Su,
     “I’ve always loved science, but I chose to       Hooman Azad and
become a physician because I also like the re-        Virginia Hoch.

lationship-building aspect of it,” said Xu, who
taught chemistry to high schoolers through
Teach for America before entering medical
school. “Meeting the people that I help — and
seeing a side of medicine beyond the mole-
cules, cells or drugs — it’s something I really
look forward to.”
     Xu was one of the 161 members of the
Class of 2021 who gathered at this year’s
celebration, joined by their families, faculty
and second-year medical students, who pre-
sented the incoming students with their
white coats.
     “You have opened a new portal in your
life’s work that focuses on medicine and
science that very few are privileged to enter.

PHOTOG R APHY BY Nathan Mandell                                                                                        MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG   3
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
PULSE                 On Campus

                                                                                                                           (Left to right) Maya
    EXCERPTS FROM THE                                                                                                      Jackson-Gibson, Melissa
    DECLARATION OF GENEVA                                                                                                  Querrey, Denise Monti and
                                                                                                                           Wesley Peng recite the
                                                                                                                           Declaration of Geneva.

    I SOLEMNLY PLEDGE
    to consecrate my life to
    the service of humanity;

    THE HEALTH OF MY
    PATIENT will be my
    first consideration;

    I WILL MAINTAIN by all
    the means in my power,
    the honor and the noble
    traditions of the medical
    profession.

                                                                                           GET TO KNOW THE CLASS OF 2021
but this is a minimal expectation,” Neilson         an esteemed profession, but
said. “One might ask, ‘What else are you going      also excitement in anticipation
                                                                                          20 to 31          years old
to do to improve the profession and human           of the journey before me. It’s

                                                                                          82
health beyond the individual patient?’”             extraordinary how a simple                      different types of undergraduate majors,
                                                                                                    spanning from biology and neuroscience
     Keynote speaker John Csernansky, MD,           article of clothing can have                    to economics and history
chair of the Department of Psychiatry and           such a symbolic influence.”
Behavioral Sciences, reflected on the impor-                                                      are nontraditional (they have taken off two

tance of the physicians’ oath.
                                                    Below, college mentor Tracy Lyons,
                                                    MD, ’11, ’14 GME (left foreground),   17%     or more years between their undergraduate
                                                                                                  studies and medical school)
                                                    with first-year students (left to

                                                                                          17%
     “The statements in our oath seem               right) Francisco Cai, Shreyas
formal and high-minded, and you may well            Bharadwj, Rachel Armstrong and                        are from underrepresented
                                                    Daniel Liu.                                           minority groups
feel that you will need to wait for some great
occasion to apply them in your practice in
medicine,” said Csernansky, also the Lizzie                                               25   languages spoken in
                                                                                               addition to English

Gilman Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral
Sciences. “However, I don’t think you will have
to wait very long to test the promises that
you will make today. You will be challenged
to conduct yourself on the wards and in the
clinic in a manner that fulfills your oath on
a daily basis — especially after a long night
on call.”
     Afterward, the new medical students
donned their white coats for the first time.
     “When I received my white coat, I actu-
ally felt a difference in how I perceived myself,
which surprised me,” said first-year medical
student Nehal Singh Samra. “I felt a sense of
responsibility to uphold the integrity of such

4     NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017                                                                            PHOTOG R APHY BY Nathan Mandell
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
On Campus

Northwestern Hospitals
Among the Best
Latest U.S. News Rankings

Three Northwestern Medicine hospitals have been recognized by U.S. News & World Report     AbilityLab and Lurie
in its 2017-18 Best Hospitals rankings:
                                                                                           Children’s Also Rank
                                                                                           on Top

   NORTHWESTERN                            NORTHWESTERN               NORTHWESTERN

                                                                                                             1
  MEMORIAL HOSPITAL                       MEDICINE CENTRAL          MEDICINE LAKE FOREST
                                          DUPAGE HOSPITAL                 HOSPITAL

             1                                  5                            18                   in the United States for
                                                                                                      physical medicine
                                                                                                      and rehabilitation
                                                                                                    for 27th year in a row
          in Illinois and                     in Chicago                    in Chicago
     Chicago Metro Region                    Metro Region                  Metro Region
      for 6th year in a row

           13                                   5                            23
                                                                                                             1
      in the United States                     in Illinois                   in Illinois

            4                        Northwestern Medicine’s continued success
                                     in the U.S. News Best Hospitals rankings is a
                                                                                              in Illinois for children’s hospitals

                                     reflection of our ‘Patients First’ mission and

                                                                                                             7
      specialties in top 10:
  Cardiology & Heart Surgery
     (7th), Geriatrics (9th),        our culture of excellence that drives us to not
 Neurology and Neurosurgery
 (9th) and Orthopaedics (9th)
                                     only be Chicago’s premier academic health
                                     system, but one of the best health systems in                in the United States for
                                     the country,” said Dean M. Harrison, president                  children’s hospitals

             7                       and chief executive officer of Northwestern
                                     Memorial HealthCare. “I applaud and
     other nationally ranked
   specialties: Cancer (16th),
                                     congratulate our exceptional physicians,
                                     nurses and staff who provide world-class
                                                                                                            4
Diabetes & Endocrinology (31st),
 Gastroenterology & GI Surgery       compassionate care to our patients each and                   specialties in top 10:
   (22nd), Gynecology (36th),        every day. Without their talents and dedication,         Cardiology (3rd), Urology (4th),
Nephrology (23rd), Pulmonology                                                               Gastroenterology (7th), Neurology/
      (21st), Urology (11th)         this accolade would not be possible.”                          Neurosurgery (6th)

                                                                                                               MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG   5
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
PULSE                   On Campus

Course Strives to Reduce
Gunshot Mortality in Chicago
Program transforms bystanders into first responders.

WRIT TEN BY Will Doss

                                                                                                   “HEARING PEOPLE’S BYSTANDER
                                                                                                    EXPERIENCES IS ALWAYS
                                                                                                    PARTICULARLY STRIKING;
                                                                                                    I THINK IT’S THE PART OF THE
                                                                                                    COURSE THAT ALWAYS HAS THE
                                                                                                    MOST IMPACT ON INSTRUCTORS
                                                                                                    AS WELL AS PARTICIPANTS, AND
                                                                                                    IT GOES A LONG WAY TOWARDS
                                                                                                    ENCOURAGING A SENSE OF
                                                                                                    EMPOWERMENT IN PEOPLE.”

                                                                                                       Seeing the potential of a similar approach
                                                                                                   in Chicago, Swaroop applied these principles
                                                                                                   when designing the First Responders Course.
                                                                                                       “Turning bystanders into immediate
                                                                                                   responders is a great way to care for patients,”
                                                                                                   said Swaroop, founder and executive director
                                                                                                   of the Northwestern Trauma & Surgical
                                                                                                   Initiative (NTSI), which oversees the First
                                                                                                   Responders Course among several other
FOR A GUNSHOT VICTIM, TIMING IS CRITICAL:         Division of Trauma & Critical Care at Feinberg   projects.
Research has shown that mortality rates           and a trauma surgeon at Northwestern                 The course focuses on the basics of first
increase sharply when patients must be            Memorial Hospital, designed an innovative        aid and scene management: Participants learn
transported long distances to the nearest         solution: the Chicago South Side Trauma First    how to manage a victim’s airway and how to
trauma center, or when they lack access to        Responders Course, a free program giving         properly apply pressure to a wound, all while
high-quality pre-hospital care.                   Chicago community members the tools to           keeping themselves safe. Particular attention
     While Chicago has six level I trauma         render first aid to trauma victims.              is paid to managing the often-intense emo-
centers within the city limits, the South side,       In countries with little pre-hospital        tions at the scene, a section that was added
especially the Southeast side, has several        trauma care, the World Health Organization       after Swaroop received feedback from course
neighborhoods more than five miles from           recommends teaching interested community         participants.
the nearest level I trauma center; for trauma     members basic first aid techniques to provide        The backgrounds of the attendees have
victims that distance can mean the difference     care while waiting for an ambulance or           varied widely, including people concerned
between life and death.                           transporting an injured person to an appro-      for their friends and family, students from
     To help trauma victims survive — wher-       priate facility. Simple maneuvers to stop        Chicago Public Schools, healthcare profes-
ever they are injured — Mamta Swaroop, MD,        bleeding can help trauma patients survive,       sionals and Northwestern medical students,
’10 GME, associate professor of Surgery in the    Swaroop said.                                    residents and fellows.

6    NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
On Campus

                                                                    ADVOCATE ILLINOIS
                                                                    MASONIC MEDICAL
                                                                    CENTER

     One course participant, Cassandra Hanna,
said she attended a session held at the North-
western Simulation lab because she saw another
student die in a stabbing incident during high
school.
                                                                                                           ANN & ROBERT H. LURIE
     “Nobody helped him, and he died in the                                                                CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
street,” she said. “I wanted to learn how to help,                                                         OF CHICAGO*
so I don’t just walk by a situation like that again.”
                                                                                                           NORTHWESTERN
Extracurricular Activities                                                                                 MEMORIAL HOSPITAL

Feinberg medical students aren’t just partici-
pating in the course — they’re teaching it, too.
                                                                                                 Chicago
Several students and residents, including
                                                                               JOHN H. STOGER, JR.                         Lake Michigan
second-year medical student Bitania Wondimu,                                   HOSPITAL OF COOK
have helped teach classes.                                                     COUNTY

     “I initially came across the project when                  MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL
looking to do research with a physician as part
of my Area of Scholarly Concentration research
requirement, and I was really drawn to the
First Responders Course after speaking with
Dr. Swaroop,” she said. “Having now taught a
few courses, it’s been wonderful to see the
enthusiasm of the participants and their willing-
ness to engage with the various skills stations
in the course.”
     That enthusiasm is often paired with
honesty, according to Wondimu.                          Level I Trauma
     “Hearing people’s bystander experiences is         Centers Within
always particularly striking; I think it’s the part     Chicago City Limits
of the course that always has the most impact on        Several Chicago neighborhoods
instructors as well as participants, and it goes a      are more than five miles away
                                                        from one of the city’s six level I
long way towards encouraging a sense of empow-          trauma centers. That distance
erment in people,” she said. “It’s been a really        can mean the difference                                       UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
                                                        between life and death for                                    MEDICINE COMER
rewarding experience thus far, and I encourage
                                                        trauma victims.                                               CHILDERN’S HOSPITAL*
anyone who is interested in the program to reach
out and see how they can get involved.”
                                                                                                                        *Children’s trauma centers
Visit ntsinitiative.org or call 773-999-NTSI
to learn about getting involved in the First
Responders course.

                                                                                                                       A group of Chicago Public
                                                                                                                       Schools students took the
                                                                                                                       First Responders Course
                                                                                                                       on Northwestern’s Chicago
                                                                                                                       campus this fall.

PHOTOG R APHY BY Will Doss                                                                                              MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG   7
GETTING UNDER THE SKIN - Emphasis on translation is driving - Northwestern ...
PULSE                 On Campus                                                  Read more about these students’ experiences online at magazine.nm.org

Medical Students
Broaden Their
                                                                                                     Zhou in front of Escuela Latinoamericana de
                                                                                                     Medicina (ELAM), the medical school where she
                                                                                                     studied in Cuba. Bottom, on the last day of her
                                                                                                     internship at ELAM, with some of the faculty and
                                                                                                     staff members she learned from.

Horizons
Students at Feinberg travel near and far
for experiences that will complement their
medical education and help them become
better physicians in the future.

WRIT TEN BY Anna Williams and Will Doss

WENYUAN ZHOU                                   at what you do,” she says. “Feinberg is one
                                               of the best medical schools in the country,
DEEPENS GLOBAL                                 and we have all these great resources, but
PERSPECTIVE WITH                               it’s important to remember that there’s not
INTERNSHIP IN CUBA                             necessarily only one way of doing things.”
                                                                                                     at ELAM, she also completed a one-week intern-
                                                    For four weeks, Zhou received intensive
                                                                                                     ship at a local pediatric hospital.
A second-year medical student also earning     one-on-one lectures from faculty members
                                                                                                          “I had heard a lot of great things about its
a master’s degree in public health, Wenyuan    at Escuela Latinoamericana de Medicina
                                                                                                     health system; it’s really focused on disease
Zhou planned and completed a unique            (ELAM) — a major medical school in Cuba,
                                                                                                     prevention and health promotion,” she says.
summer internship that combines her            largely free, that is dedicated to training
                                                                                                     “I also knew it had some challenges, because
passions for preventive medicine and global    physicians from around the world to practice
                                                                                                     they don’t have access to a lot of advanced
health: She traveled to Havana, Cuba, to       in underserved areas.
                                                                                                     medicine and technology. And yet they’re still
discover how prevention is integrated into          Beyond the lectures, Zhou also shadowed
                                                                                                     able to achieve great health results — with
every aspect of the Cuban healthcare system.   physicians in family health clinics, interviewed
                                                                                                     infant and maternal mortality rates similar to
                                               healthcare professionals about their experi-
                                                                                                       developed Western countries — and that really
                                               ences, visited Cuban health institutes and
                                                                                                           appealed to me.”
[This experience reminded me]                  sat in on medical school classes dedicated
                                                                                                              Zhou’s internship was funded through the Center for Global Health
that the physical and history will             to health promotion. Following her time                        and was completed as part of the field experience component of
                                                                                                              her master’s degree.
take you very far, and to not always
rely on technology. Feinberg
actually does a really good job of
emphasizing that to us as well: The
history and the physical should give
you your diagnosis, and extra tests
and imaging should only confirm
that. But seeing that really in
practice in Cuba was nice.

    “I think in general, the more you learn
about different perspectives and different
ways of doing things, the better you become

8    NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
On Campus

MICHAEL MUSHARBASH                                                       KYLE YOO HEADS                                    Establishing associations between WMS
                                                                                                                           scores and clinical practices would
WORKS WITH LGBT AND                                                      TO INDIA TO ASSESS                                demonstrate the viability of management
HOMELESS YOUTH                                                           MANAGEMENT AND                                    interventions in India, providing a model
                                                                         CARDIAC CARE                                      for other middle- and low-income countries,
                                   Second-year medical                                                                     according to Yoo.
                                      student Michael                                                                              “I’m excited to be exposed to their
                                                                         Selected as a Fogarty Global Health Fellow,       perspectives on caregiving in
                                       Musharbash received a
                                                                         fourth-year medical student Kyle Yoo is           India, because there’s such
                                       Schweitzer Fellowship
                                                                         spending a year in Kerala, India, investi-        variety among hospitals,”
                                      to implement health
                                                                         gating the management practices of hos-           he says. “I can’t wait to find
                                    educational services for
                                                                         pitals participating in the Acute Coronary        areas with room for im-
                               LGBT and homeless youth
                                                                         Syndrome Quality Improvement in Kerala            provement or find out what
at the Center on Halsted, an LGBT community
                                                                         (ACS QUIK) trial.                                 management practices are
health organization in Chicago’s Lakeview
                                                                              “I plan to examine quantitative and          associated with morbidity
neighborhood.
                                                                         qualitative measurements of team dy-              and mortality.”
        “The goal of my workshop is to improve
                                                                         namics, hiring practices, promotions and                  The ACS QUIK trials, which imple-
health literacy and economic opportunity
                                                                         interdepartmental communications,” Yoo            mented quality improvement toolkits in
among LGBTQ youth,” Musharbash says.
                                                                         says. He will use a management assessment         62 hospitals in and around Kerala, on India’s
“Nearly 40 percent of homeless youth identify
                                                                         tool called the World Management Survey           Malabar Coast, are still ongoing, but evalua-
as LGBT. That’s because half of all teens still get
                                                                         (WMS) adapted for healthcare.                     tions like Yoo’s will assess the impact of
a negative reaction from their parents when
                                                                              He hypothesizes the management               the interventions on patient outcomes such
“PROVIDING THESE YOUNG                                                   practice scores may be relatively low among       as stroke, heart attack and other cardio-
 PEOPLE WITH BOTH                                                        hospitals in Kerala, but hospitals that tend      vascular events.
                                                                         to do well will have a few things in common
 MEDICAL AND ECONOMIC                                                                                                      The Fogarty Global Health Training Program is administered by a consortium
                                                                         — including similarities in clinical workflows.
 KNOWLEDGE WILL HELP                                                                                                       of universities, led by Harvard University and also including Boston University,
                                                                                                                           University of New Mexico and Northwestern University. The National Institutes

 THEM LIVE FULFILLING
                                                                                                                           of Health organizes the 12-month intensive, hands-on research program, which
                                                                                                                           takes place at research sites in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean.
                                                                                                                           The Global Health Initiative also contributes funding to the project.
 LIVES — BECAUSE, AS
 THE SAYING GOES, HEALTH
 IS WEALTH.”                                                             ROSEMARY HINES FULLER PURSUES
they come out. Providing these young people
                                                                         MBA TO INNOVATE HEALTHCARE
with both medical and economic knowledge
                                                                                             For medical student           sounded like the perfect continuation of
will help them live fulfilling lives — because, as
                                                                                               Rosemary Hines              what I had already done: think innovatively
the saying goes, health is wealth.”
                                                                                                Fuller, dedicating her     and creatively about medicine and how we
        The competitive Schweitzer Fellowship,
                                                                                                summer to courses          can effect change at a more systemic level.”
which is awarded annually to 30 Chicago-area
                                                                                                like finance, marketing             While some who pursue Feinberg’s
graduate students, is a year-long service
                                                                                               and accounting was          joint MD/MBA degree have future plans for
learning program that allows aspiring health
                                                                                             all part of her journey to    careers in hospital administration, Fuller
professionals to design and direct innovative
                                                                                       becoming a better physician.        hopes to apply what she learns to her future
community service projects to address unmet
                                                                              Fuller is one of six medical students        job as a physician.
health needs.
                                                                         spending the next year at Northwestern’s              “So much about the way we practice
        “During medical school, we are often
                                                                         Kellogg School of Management earning a            medicine involves very business-minded
caught up in the horserace of exams and
                                                                         master of business administration before          problems and ideas,” Fuller says.
research. The Schweitzer Fellowship is a way
                                                                         completing her fourth year of medical                     For example, in a “Leadership in
for me to take some time out of my week to
                                                                         school.                                           Organizations” course, she learned about
remember why I went into medicine in the
                                                                              “Before I came to Feinberg, I spent a        negotiation and team management, skills
first place,” says Musharbash, who is also
                                                                         year working at a global health research          she says complement her medical education.
president of the Queers & Allies Student
                                                                         group focused on developing low-cost,             “I hope to be a better resident, and ultimately
Group at Feinberg.
                                                                         scalable technologies for low-income              attending, as a result.”
The fellowship, named in honor of the Nobel laureate and physician
Albert Schweitzer, is administered by the non-profit Health & Medicine   countries,” she says. “The MD/MBA
Policy Research Group..

                                                                                                                                                                   MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG                  9
PULSE                                                                                                     More details on these studies at magazine.nm.org

RESEARCH BRIEFS
DISE ASE DISCOVE RI ES

KEY CELLULAR                                        revealing the importance of studying human
                                                    neurons to develop new therapies.
MECHANISM UNDERLYING                                     Using human neurons from PD patients,
PARKINSON’S DISEASE                                 the scientists identified a toxic cascade of mito-
DISCOVERED                                          chondrial and lysosomal dysfunction initiated
                                                    by an accumulation of oxidized dopamine and
                                                    a protein called alpha-synuclein. They demon-
             Northwestern Medicine scientists       strated that this accumulation depressed the
             identified a toxic cascade that        activity of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, an
             leads to neuronal degeneration         enzyme previously implicated in PD. That             Montgomery Ward Professor and chair of
             in patients with Parkinson’s           depression in turn weakened overall lysosomal        Neurology. “With this approach, we found that
disease (PD) and figured out how to interrupt it    function and contributed to the degeneration         we can attenuate or prevent the downstream
with an antioxidant, according to a recent study    of neurons.                                          toxic effects in human dopaminergic neurons.”
published in Science.                                    After cataloging this toxic cascade, the team
                                                                                                         This study was supported by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
     Intervening with the antioxidant early in      began looking for ways to interrupt it.              grants NS081774, NS076054, NS047085, NS092823, NS041234 and NS101778,
                                                                                                         National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders grant
the disease process may break the degenerative      “One of the key strategies that worked in our        DC013805, JPB Foundation, Michael J. Fox Foundation, IDP Foundation, German
                                                                                                         Academic Exchange Service, Les Turner ALS Foundation, Target ALS, German
cycle and improve neuron function in PD, the        experiments is to treat dopamine neurons early       Research Council, and Fond National de Recherche PEARLE Programme.

study showed.                                       in the toxic cascade with specific antioxidants
     The investigators also discovered that         that improve mitochondrial oxidant stress
mouse models of PD didn’t have the same             and lower oxidized dopamine,” said principal
abnormalities they found in human PD neurons,       investigator Dimitri Krainc, MD, PhD, the Aaron

CLI N ICAL B RE AK TH ROUG HS

Online Tool Predicts Heart Disease
Events in Young Adults

             An online calculator using lifestyle    potentially benefit most from early prevention
             metrics showed initial success          measures.
             at predicting the risk of heart               In the study, investigators calculated the
             disease events among young,             HHS of healthy adults 18 to 30 years old. They
             healthy adults, according to a          discovered that HHS performed moderately                  “With the score, you get a more personal-
study published in JAMA Internal Medicine.           well at estimating the 25-year risk for pre-        ized sense of what your risk is — rather than
     The Healthy Heart Score (HHS), a free,          mature cardiovascular events, such as heart         just generic advice about eating well and
web-sited tool developed by Harvard investi-         attack and stroke. The tool was most accurate       moving more,” said senior author Donald Lloyd-
gators, allows individuals to assess their risk      when performed in men, white participants           Jones, MD, ScM, senior associate dean for
of heart disease by answering simple questions       and those who did not have any heart disease        clinical and translational research and chair of
about nine key lifestyle factors, such as weight,    risk factors, such as diabetes or hypertension,     Preventive Medicine.
smoking habits, exercise and diet. The tool was      at baseline.                                        Data for this research came from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young
developed for and validated in middle-age                  HHS could help young adults gauge their       Adults (CARDIA), which is supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
                                                                                                         (NHLBI) grants K23HL122361-01A1, HHSN268201300025C, HHSN268201300026C,
and older adults, but had never been assessed        risk of heart disease and, if necessary, make       HHSN268201300027C, HHSN268201300028C, HHSN268201300029C and
                                                                                                         HHSN268200900041C; the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on
in young, healthy adults — a group that could        appropriate changes.                                Aging (NIA); and an intra-agency agreement AG0005 between the NIA and NHLBI.

10   NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
Research Briefs

  CLI N ICAL B RE AK TH ROUG HS

  Weekly Steroids Strengthen
  and Repair Muscles                                                                                                                                DISE ASE DISCOVE RI ES

                                                                                                                                                    NOVEL APPROACH
               Weekly doses of glucocorti-
                                                                               G LUCOCO RTICOI D STE RIODS US E                                     OFFERS NEW INSIGHTS
               coid steroids, such as pred-                                      S         M          T        W           T         F         S    INTO HIV’S LIFECYCLE
               nisone, help speed recovery
               in muscle injuries, reports a
  Northwestern Medicine study published                                             Daily Use: muscle wasting and weakness                                               Scientists developed a novel
  in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.                                                                                                                              method of tracking HIV infection,
  The weekly steroids also repaired muscles                                      S         M          T        W           T         F         S                         allowing the behavior of individual
  damaged by muscular dystrophy. The
                                                                                                                                                                         virions — infectious particles — to
  studies were conducted in mice, with
                                                                                                                                                    be connected to infectivity.
  implications for humans.                                                   Weekly Use: speeds up muscle recovery and repair
       One of the major problems of using                                                                                                                   The findings, published in Proceedings of
  steroids such as prednisone is they cause                                  harm, but in fact helps muscle,” said lead                             the National Academy of Sciences, could help
  muscle wasting and weakness when taken                                     investigator Elizabeth McNally, MD, PhD,                               lead to the development of novel therapies for
  long term. This is a significant problem for                               the Elizabeth J. Ward Professor of Genetic                             HIV prevention and treatment by providing a
  people who take steroids for many chronic                                  Medicine and director of the Center for                                deeper understanding of the mechanisms of
  conditions and can often result in patients                                Genetic Medicine.                                                      HIV’s lifecycle.
  having to stop steroid treatments.                                              The study showed prednisone directs
       But the study showed weekly doses                                     the production of annexins, proteins that
  — rather than daily ones — promote                                         stimulate muscle healing. Giving weekly
  muscle repair.                                                             doses of prednisone also stimulated a
       “We don’t have human data yet, but                                    molecule called KLF15, which is associated
  these findings strongly suggest some                                       with improved muscle performance. Daily
  alternative ways of giving a very com-                                     doses of prednisone, however, reduced
  monly used drug in a manner that doesn’t                                   KLF15, leading to muscle wasting.
  The study was funded in part by National Institutes of Health grants NIH U54 AR052646 and NIH RO1 NS047726, the Muscular Dystrophy Association,
  Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy and the American Heart Association.

CLI N ICAL B RE AK TH ROUG HS
                                                                                                                                                    A snapshot from the live-cell fluorescent imaging
                                                                                                                                                    that the scientists used to identify individual
                                                                                                                                                    particles associated with HIV infection.
BRINGING LIFESTYLE                                                                and Primary Care in the Department of
                                                                                  Pediatrics. “We hope that the broader and                                 It has become routine to visualize the
FACTORS INTO                                                                      more consistent terminology we propose                            movement and progression of individual
PRECISION MEDICINE                                                                will facilitate more collaboration across                         virions in cells, but the relevance of these
                                                                                  scientific disciplines.”                                          observations was previously unclear, as many
                  Investigators at Feinberg and the                                       The authors suggest a naming system                       virions are defective or do not progress to
                  Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s                                that expands the “-omes” discussed in                             make further copies of themselves.
                  Hospital of Chicago propose new                                 precision medicine, such as the “genome”                                  “This approach — and the ability to say
                  nomenclature for social and envi-                               or “proteome,” which describe factors                             ‘that virion infected that cell’ — will help bring
ronmental influences on health in an article in                                   within an individual’s body that impact                           clarity to the field,” said principal investigator
Clinical and Translational Science.                                               disease or wellness. They call these                              Thomas Hope, PhD, professor of Cell and
     “Although where a child lives and goes to                                    internal domains the “endome.” Similarly,                         Molecular Biology. “It allows us to understand
school often has more bearing on his or her                                       they refer to influences on health that                           what the virus really needs to do to infect a cell.
health than the genetic code, social and envi-                                    come from outside the individual as                               It gives us new details, like where in the cell it
ronmental factors get far less attention than                                     the “ectome.” For example, health-re-                             happens and the timing of specific events. The
the genetic influences in precision medicine                                      lated aspects of a person’s social support                        more we know about the virus, the better our
research,” said lead author Matthew Davis,                                        network are called the “philome” and                              chances are to stop it.”
MD, chief of Academic General Pediatrics                                          diet-related factors fall into the “nutriome.”                    The study was supported by National Institutes of Health grant P50 GM082545..

                                                                                                                                                                                              MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG                 11
PULSE

MEDIA SPOTLIGHT

A Lab Accident Leads to
Bioactive ‘Tissue Paper’
                           Adam Jakus, then
                            a postdoctoral
                           fellow in the lab of
                           Ramille Shah, PhD,
                            assistant professor of
                           Surgery and Materials
                           Science, was working
with the biological “ink” the lab uses to 3-D
print ovaries. Standing beneath the lab’s
fume hood, Jakus knocked over the container,
spilling it onto the lab bench. By the time he
went to clean it up, it had formed a solid sheet.
“It felt great,” Jakus said. “If you make a new
biomaterial and you can’t pick it up or it falls
apart when you pick it up, it’s useless. I had this    Northwestern to Offer                               Centered Care Institute for the past year to
                                                                                                           develop a program that will coach up to 40
lightbulb go off — ‘we can do this with all the        Home-based Health Training
                                                                                                           doctors, physician assistants, social workers and
other tissues we’re working with in our lab.’”
                                                                                                           nurse practitioners. “Ultimately, being in your
                                                       In a move to serve Chicago’s growing number of
                                                                                                           own home is where most seniors want to be.
                                                       seniors and to reduce costs for Northwestern
                                                                                                           With home-based primary care, it allows physi-
                                                       Memorial Hospital, Feinberg will soon offer a
                                                                                                           cians to meet that need,” said Lee Lindquist,
                                                       program that trains doctors on how to provide
Cancer is ‘Natural.’ The Best                          home-based primary care. Feinberg has
                                                                                                           ’00 MD, ’03 ’05 GME, ’05 MPH, ’10 MBA, chief
                                                                                                           of Geriatrics, who leads the initiative.
Treatments for It Aren’t                               been working with Schaumburg-based Home

                           “In the early years of my
                            career as an oncolo-
                            gist, I’m learning that
                            you really remember        Heart Benefit of Alcohol Not Seen in People With Liver Disease
                            the patients you can’t
                                                                                Light to moderate          “We failed to find any association between
save. Those with essentially curable cancers
                                                                                drinkers may have          moderate alcohol use and multiple different
who refused the right treatment stand out the
                                                                                a lower risk of heart      markers of heart disease and heart disease
most,” wrote Suneel Kamath, MD, a hematology/
                                                                                disease than tee-          risks, including blood pressure, cholesterol
oncology fellow at Northwestern Memorial
                                                                                totalers, but a new        or calcium deposits in the arteries of the heart
Hospital. “It is human nature to believe that
                                                                                study suggests this        [in a sample of individuals with nonalcoholic
anything that is ‘all natural’ is intrinsically
                                                                                doesn’t hold true for      fatty liver disease],” said lead study author
good…. [But] making a decision about treating
                                                       people with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.       Lisa VanWagner, MD, ’11 MSc, ’10, ’11, ’14, ’15
cancer shouldn’t be based solely on a natural
                                                       Investigators examined data on 5,115 adults         GME, assistant professor of Medicine and
versus unnatural algorithm. We should focus on
                                                       aged 18 to 30, following them for up to 25 years.   Preventive Medicine.
making choices that realistically have the best
chance to help us. Sometimes, the ‘unnatural’
option is the best one.”

12    NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
FACULTY AWARDS & HONORS

                1                    2                    3                    4                     5                        6                           7

Hossein Ardehali,        at Northwestern         published by the         Achievement Award         John Gatta, PhD,              David Green, MD,
MD, PhD, pro-            Medicine and chief      Endocrine Society.       from the Scleroderma      assistant professor           ’74 PhD, professor
fessor of Medicine       of Neuromuscular        Her term begins in       Foundation. The           of Family and                 emeritus of Medicine
in the Division of       Medicine in the         January 2018.            foundation, which has     Community Medicine,           in the Division of
Cardiology, was          Ken & Ruth Davee                                 given this award to       received the 2017             Hematology and
named the new            Department of           Kyle Eagen, PhD,         physicians only twice     Outstanding Teaching          Oncology, received
director of Feinberg’s   Neurology, begin-       instructor of            in its history, men-      Award from the                the “Walk in Our
Medical Scientist        ning in December        Biochemistry and         tioned Varga’s more       American Statistical          Shoes” Award
Training Program         2017. Kalb arrives      Molecular Genetics,      than a decade of          Association’s Section         from the Bleeding
(MSTP). Two addi-        from the Perelman       and Jaehyuk Choi,        service as chair of its   on the Teaching of            Disorders Alliance
tional new leadership    School of Medicine      MD, PhD, Ruth K.         Medical & Scientific      Statistics in the             of Illinois.
positions within         at the University       Freinkel, MD, Research   Advisory Board and        Health Sciences.
the MSTP were also       of Pennsylvania         Professor and as-        his role in creating      Gatta is the course           Rosalind Ramsey-
announced: Melissa       where he heads a        sistant professor of     the Early Career          director for biostatis-       Goldman, MD, Solovy/
Brown, PhD, professor    lab focusing on the     Dermatology and of       Investigator work-        tics courses offered          Arthritis Research
of Microbiology-         abnormal molecular      Biochemistry and         shop and establishing     through Feinberg’s            Society Research
Immunology, was          processes that lead     Molecular Genetics,      the SCORE Grant           Master of Science in          Professor of Medicine
named associate          to ALS. 4               each received the        program.                  Clinical Investigation        in the Division of
director of MSTP                                 Director’s Awards                                  program. 6                    Rheumatology, was
Student Advising,        Teresa K. Woodruff,     from the National        Melissa Simon, MD,                                      chosen to receive the
while Xunrong            ’89 PhD, the Thomas     Institutes of Health.    MPH, ’06 GME, the                                       Lupus Foundation of
                                                                                                    Abel Kho, MD,
Luo, MD, PhD, the        J. Watkins Professor    Eagen was given the      George H. Gardner                                       America’s 2017 Evelyn
                                                                                                    director of the
Margaret Gray            of Obstetrics and       Early Independence       Professor of Clinical                                   V. Hess Award.
                                                                                                    Center for Health
Morton Professor         Gynecology, chief       Award, and Choi          Gynecology, vice chair
                                                                                                    Information
of Medicine in           of Reproductive         received the New         for clinical research                                   Jeffrey Wayne, MD,
                                                                                                    Partnerships, was re-
the Division of          Science in Medicine     Innovator Award. Both    in the Department                                       chief of Surgical
                                                                                                    cently elected to the
Nephrology/              in the Department       support creative early   of Obstetrics and                                       Oncology in the
                                                                                                    American College of
Hypertension, was        of Obstetrics and       stage investigators      Gynecology and pro-                                     Department of
                                                                                                    Medical Informatics.
named associate          Gynecology and          doing innovative,        fessor of Preventive                                    Surgery, received the
                                                                                                    (Read more about his
director of MSTP         director of the         high-impact projects.    Medicine and Medical                                    Melanoma Research
                                                                                                    work on page 15.)
Admissions. They join    Women’s Health            5 (Egan)               Social Sciences,                                        Foundation’s
Jayms Peterson, PhD,     Research Institute                               has been chosen                                         Humanitarian Award,
who will continue        at Northwestern         John Varga, MD,          to receive the 2017       Rachel Cyrus, MD,             presented to a
in his role as asso-     was named asso-         John and Nancy           Marion Spencer Fay        assistant professor           leader who has com-
ciate director for       ciate provost for       Hughes Distinguished     Award, presented          of Medicine in the            mitted to fighting
Administrative and       graduate education      Professor of             annually by the Drexel    Division of Hospital          melanoma through
Academic Affairs.        and dean of The         Rheumatology,            University College        Medicine and Gopi             exemplary patient
  1, 2, 3                Graduate School         director of the          of Medicine Institute     Astik, MD, instructor         care, cutting-edge
                         at Northwestern.        Northwestern             for Women’s Health        of Hospital Medicine,         research or scientific
Robert Kalb, MD,         She was also            Scleroderma Program      and Leadership, in        were selected by the          leadership.
will be the inaugural    recently named          and co-editor of         recognition of her        editorial board at
director of the Les      editor-in-chief of      the journal Arthritis    contributions to          ACP Hospitalist as
Turner ALS Research      Endocrinology, a        and Rheumatology,        women’s health, health    top 10 hospitalists of
and Patient Center       peer-reviewed journal   received the Lifetime    equity and national       2017. 7 (Astik)
                                                                          health policy.

                                                                                                                                  MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG       13
Interventions

   in the

 Real World
WRIT TEN BY Anna Williams

Investigators are working closely
with community partners to
address healthcare challenges.

     I
                     t’s estimated that academic medical centers see less than one percent
                     of the American population over the course of a month. Yet much of the
                     clinical research that informs broad, far-reaching medical policy
                     is conducted within this small subset of the population.
                              For scientists like Abel Kho, MD, director of the Center for
                     Health Information Partnerships (CHiP) at Feinberg’s Institute for
Public Health and Medicine (IPHAM), this is a problem — not just for the patient groups
that are consequently overlooked, but for the pursuit of science overall.

     “In order to do statistically sound         organizations in Humboldt Park and South
science, you need to get at larger data          Lawndale, led by Matthew O’Brien, MD,
sets. And to do that you need to get out         assistant professor of Medicine and Preventive
into that much larger real-world commu-          Medicine, to programs that address mental
nity,” says Kho, also an associate professor     health and post-partum depression in at-risk
of Medicine in the Division of General           women in Illinois, led by Darius Tandon, PhD,
Internal Medicine and Geriatrics and             associate professor of Medical Social Sciences.
of Preventive Medicine in the Division of             The landmark “All of Us” research
Health and Biomedical Informatics.               program at Northwestern, part of a national
     Kho is one of an increasing number          precision medicine initiative that aims to
of Feinberg investigators dedicated to           recruit one million people, is also uniquely
what’s known as community-engaged                focused on reaching patient populations not
research — research that involves direct
collaboration with communities to                “ BY ENGAGING PEOPLE
identify and address health concerns. By           WHERE THEY ARE, YOU
taking such an approach, scientists hope
                                                   MOVE PAST JUST THE
to not only reduce health disparities, but
also to deepen discovery.                          PRIORITIES OF SCIENCE
     “It’s not just that this type of research     HAPPENING WITHIN THE
is more representative. It also bubbles up
                                                   IVORY TOWER.”
good ideas,” Kho explains. “By engaging
people where they are, you move past just        traditionally connected to academic medical
the priorities of science happening within       centers. Investigators hope the broad scope
the ivory tower. You end up getting at the       will lead to discoveries that might not other-
real health priorities of people.”               wise be possible.
     Across the medical school, investi-              “For us, community-engaged research
gators are leading grants for communi-           is just doing good science,” Kho says. “It’s
ty-engaged research projects that tackle a       one reason why we’re seeing a shift in this
wide range of specific health challenges in      direction, both in funding and in national
Chicagoland and beyond — from interven-          legislation.”
tions to prevent diabetes through collabo-            In fact, over the decade from 2007-2016,
ration with Hispanic-serving community           while research grants focused on “community”

                                                                           MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG   15
Kandula partners with Chicagoland community organizations such as
                                                                                                 Universal Metro Asian Services to test the efficacy of culturally rele-
                                                                                                 vant lifestyle interventions. Pictured are some of the events organized
                                                                                                 for her South Asian Healthy Lifestyle Intervention (SAHELI) study.

or “practice” research increased 66 percent                                                                 weight and blood sugar levels at six months,
nationally, they grew more than 200 percent                                                                 when compared to a control group.
at Feinberg.                                                                                                      Now Kandula is launching a $3.5 million-
     “At Northwestern, we’ve made a com-                  “It’s usually not as effective to take an         National Institutes of Health-funded study to
mitment to engaging communities and                  intervention developed in one population and           test the efficacy of SAHELI in a larger, more
stakeholders in our research, in the hopes           drop it into another,” Kandula explains. “There        generalizable group of South Asians who all
of developing and evaluating more complete           are a lot of cultural and social factors that          have at least two cardiovascular risk factors.
                        and implementable            determine how people think about their own                   As part of SAHELI, the team is also
                        solutions for health’s       health, how they think about prevention and            forming a stakeholder advisory board, to help
                        challenges,” says Ronald     how behavior change might work.”                       govern how the study should be conducted, as
                        Ackermann, MD, MPH,               With community partners, Kandula and              well as partnering with organizations such as
                        senior associate dean        her team have developed a program, The South           the Skokie Department of Health, Metropolitan
                        for public health and        Asian Healthy Lifestyle Intervention (SAHELI),         Asian Family Services and NorthShore
                        director of IPHAM            that translates established lifestyle interven-        University HealthSystem, to ensure that the
                        and the Center for           tions — focused on diet, physical activity and         program can be sustained.
                        Community Health.            stress management — to the community’s                       “In addition to working with community
                        “We take pride in this       specific cultural context and needs. The               members, we also like working with stake-
evolution of the way we conduct research,            program uses concepts and values that are              holders, business owners, public health depart-
and we continue striving to expand this                                                                     ments, policy makers — people from different
work to have the biggest impact we can on           “ THERE ARE A LOT OF CULTURAL                           sectors who bring a different perspective and
the health of Chicago and beyond.”                    AND SOCIAL FACTORS THAT                               can help us with longer-term sustainability of
                                                      DETERMINE HOW PEOPLE THINK                            the intervention we are testing,” Kandula ex-
Translating Findings                                  ABOUT THEIR OWN HEALTH, HOW                           plains. “Our research does not happen in a silo.”
to Communities                                        THEY THINK ABOUT PREVENTION,                                Kandula is also involved in research
Namratha Kandula, MD, MPH, has long been              AND HOW BEHAVIOR CHANGE                               projects exploring the roots of cardiovascular
dedicated to identifying solutions to health                                                                disease disparities. She is a principal inves-
                                                      MIGHT WORK.”
disparities by collaborating closely with                                                                   tigator for the Mediators of Atherosclerosis
underserved populations.                             culturally relevant to South Asians to inspire         in South Asians Living in America (MASALA)
     “Over the last 60 years, we’ve learned a lot    behavior change and includes established be-           Study, the first longitudinal study to under-
about what promotes health and what causes           havior change strategies, such as motivational         stand heart disease etiology and risk factors
disease — yet we are still seeing large health       interviewing, self-monitoring diet and physical        specific to this group.
disparities in terms of some communities             activity. Key to the program is that it was devel-           So far the study has shown that Americans
benefiting from the advances, and others not.        oped using a community-based participatory             of South Asian descent are twice as likely as
Community-engaged research is a way to close         research process, which involved investigators         whites to have risks for heart disease, stroke
the disparities gaps,” says Kandula, an asso-        and community members throughout.                      and diabetes when their BMIs were in the
ciate professor of Medicine in the Division of            For example, through her research with            normal range. Such data from MASALA, pub-
General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics and         community members around Devon Avenue                  lished in the Annals of Internal Medicine, has
of Preventive Medicine. “The question is, how        — a largely South Asian area of Chicago — it           helped lead to a proposed congressional bill,
do you take interventions that were devel-           became clear that exercising for personal              introduced in late July, that would increase
oped in a very highly controlled setting, with       benefit was not something inherently valued.           funding for medical research on cardiovascular
a narrow population, and actually implement          As such, traditional exercise counseling, which        disease in South Asians.
them in the real world?”                             emphasizes working out for 30 minutes a day                  “My research is not successful just
     Kandula is now the principal investigator       for your own health, was not proving effective.        because I’m able to receive grant funding or
of a study to answer that question specifically           So the team developed an exercise inter-          complete the aims of a project. My research
within the South Asian community around              vention specifically for South Asian women             is successful if there is a community, clinical
Chicagoland.                                         that involved exercising with their children.          or policy impact,” Kandula says. “The ulti-
     South Asians, the second-fastest growing        “It turned out to be very successful,” Kandula         mate goal of the research is to reduce health
ethnic group in the United States, suffer a          says. “The whole family was on board, which
disproportionately high rate of cardiovascular       was critically important to making it happen —
disease. But the majority of research on the         and the only way we learned what might work
development of heart disease, and appropriate        was through working with the community.”
interventions, has been mostly conducted in               In a pilot study, participants enrolled
populations of white men.                            in SAHELI saw significant improvements in

16   NORTHWESTERN M EDICIN E • FALL 2017
WISCONSIN

                                                                            MILWAUKEE
                                                                                                                                             MICHIGAN
disparities by improving the care that people
receive and working with communities to                                                                   Lake Michigan
improve people’s lives.”

Improving Primary                                                                 CHICAGO
Care for All
Kho, meanwhile, is leading a research project
that aims to improve cardiovascular health by
reaching a different group: primary care physi-                                                           GARY
cians in small practices around the Midwest.
                                                                        ILLINOIS
     After all, just as heart disease interven-
tions proven in controlled settings may have                                                                                                                         OHIO
limited success when applied to diverse
                                                           Healthy Hearts
sociocultural groups, strategies for physicians
developed in large healthcare systems are
                                                           in the Heartland
                                                           Kho’s consortium covers a region
not always as effective when applied to small              that is home to more than 16 million
medical practices with limited resources.                  people. About 34 percent live in areas
                                                           considered medically underserved.
     In 2015, Kho was awarded a $15 million
grant to establish a consortium called Healthy             The Healthy Hearts in the Heartland
                                                           project provides small, independent                                    INDIANAPOLIS
Hearts in the Heartland. Funded by the Agency              clinics in those areas with quality
for Healthcare Research and Quality, the group             improvement services for cardio-
                                                           vascular care that are typically not
assists independent clinics in Illinois, Indiana
                                                           available to practices with limited
and Wisconsin in improving care around what’s
                                                                                                                                           INDIANA
                                                           resources.
known as the “ABCS” of heart health. These
key measures focus on the importance of
providing patients with aspirin therapy when
appropriate, controlling blood pressure, cho-
lesterol management and smoking cessation             team has already discovered that this process        who are within large
counseling.                                           of practice facilitation has led to noticeable       centers,” Kho says.
                                                      increases across a majority of the study             “Both in terms of the
“ MY RESEARCH IS NOT                                  quality measures.                                    relationships and the

  SUCCESSFUL JUST BECAUSE                                  In many cases, the improvements are             tools that we’re building,
                                                      largely driven by helping primary care pro-          I think this can greatly
  I’M ABLE TO RECEIVE GRANT
                                                      viders make better use of their electronic           increase the efficiency       Namratha Kandula, MD, MPH
  FUNDING OR COMPLETE
                                                      health records (EHRs).                               of how we do future
  THE AIMS OF A PROJECT. MY                                “Once you put quality measures in front         research and engage
  RESEARCH IS SUCCESSFUL                              of people — for example, showing your current        unseen populations.”
  IF THERE IS A COMMUNITY,                            rate of patients who are eligible for aspirin who         Beyond the clinical
  CLINICAL OR POLICY IMPACT.”                         are actually on aspirin — that in and of itself      impact of this approach,
                                                      drives change and is probably where we see the       there’s also a bonus
     Quality improvement strategies have been         biggest benefit,” Kho explains.                      benefit to conducting
                                                                                                                                                      Abel Kho, MD
shown to increase these measures in academic               The team also built a novel data reporting      research that so closely
medical centers and well-resourced healthcare         system, hosted at Northwestern, that enables         collaborates with different communities. For
systems, but it was unclear how these might be        the independent small practices to dynamically       investigators like Kho and Kandula, it’s also
implemented in small, independent practices.          track and compare their quality measures             intensely invigorating to their lives as clinicians
Kho is aiming to find out in his study.               through electronic feeds of EHR data. It’s part      and scientists.
     “There are a lot of resources that we take for   of the reason why, beyond the immediate                   “Community-engaged research is really
granted in academic medical centers,” he says.        impact of Healthy Hearts in the Heartland,           what keeps me going. I find it to be a great
     As part of the study, practice facilitators      Kho and his collaborators see the study also         antidote to burnout,” Kandula says. “To be able
are working closely with individual clinics           kickstarting related research in the future.         to work with these wonderful partners who are
to tailor a program around improving ABCS                  “We hope that this opens the door to            excited about the work that we do, and to see
measures with hands-on coaching, tools and            continue engaging with that much broader             the way that it impacts people’s lives, has been
strategies. Although the study is ongoing, the        community of providers, rather than just those       so incredibly rewarding.”

                                                                                                                                        MAGA ZIN E . N M .ORG   17
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