GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018 - NEW RANKINGS, TRENDS AND CRITERIA - Paris Ile-de-France Capitale ...
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GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018 NEW RANKINGS, TRENDS AND CRITERIA
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
THE GLOBAL CITIES
INVESTMENT MONITOR,
TURNED TOWARDS
THE FUTURE
Global cities are attractive and stimulating environ-
ments where top decision-makers, talents and finan-
cers join to produce business and social innovation.
They are a global network of densely connected focal
points, each intensely competing with the other to
define the best economic and political standards.
Global Cities concentrate a disproportionate part of
talents, businesses and capital. They are the places
where most decisions are made, innovations launched,
and people enabled. Global cities are to the world what
cities are to a country. And then there are top global
cities, where everyone expects the world of tomorrow
to be shaped and where, as a result, world-changing
moments actually happen.
The club of top global cities has opened and expanded
far beyond the 20th century happy few. While Paris,
London and New York have successfully reinvented
themselves, and still possess unique brands, competition
among global cities is more open than ever before.
The Global Cities Investment Monitor demonstrates
that Greater Paris is an attractive business player with a
remarkable global image. It is also a unique instrument
for the Greater Paris Investment Agency to advocate
and support world class investments in infrastructure,
architecture, and clusters in Greater Paris, to make
it one of the world’s leading business capitals of the
twenty-first century.
Singapore
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
EDITORIAL
Jay Christian
NIRSIMLOO NIBOUREL
Chairman, Chairman,
KPMG France Greater Paris
Investment
Agency
PARIS
PARIS IS NOW POSED TO BECOME
3 e
THE LEADING DESTINATION IN
POST-BREXIT EUROPE
I
nternational investments were up 80% in Paris last year.
This was by far the highest percentage among global cities
and a probable record-breaker. Paris reached the top 3.
The gap with the leader was even more reduced for strategic
investments. Paris emerged as the winning global city in post-
Brexit Europe, way ahead of competitors.
Can it last? International investors think so. They even think Paris
2017 : GLOBAL DYNAMICS 4 will be one of the two global cities whose attractiveness will
2017: THE MOST ATTRACTIVE increase the most over the next years. Investors now recognize
GLOBAL CITIES 6 that Paris is a top player under most criteria. The perception of
2017: INVESTORS’ PERCEPTIONS a global business hub is definitely there, besides the top brand
OF GLOBAL CITIES 12
for quality of life.
INVESTOR'S CRITERIA 16
FOCUS ON PARIS 18
Investors answered the policies implemented to welcome
talents, science, environment-friendly initiatives, as well as the
METHODOLOGY 24
pro-business reforms. This is good news for Paris and for Europe,
which is once again the leading destination for business project
in the world. Long may Paris be that lighthouse for innovation,
prosperity and openness.
| 3
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
2017 : GLOBAL DYNAMICS
Global stability
While 2016 was marked by a strong growth in international greenfield
investments, 2017 witnessed a return to a more stable market.
With -1% the global trend remains neatly above the last decade
yearly average (-3%).
A pivot to… Europe
International investments surged in Europe in 2017. The continent’s
market share rose an unprecedented 7 points, from 36% to 43%, while
the Asia-Pacific region declined from 32% to 27%. It was the third
consecutive rise for Europe, in sharp contrast with the previous years,
when Asia-Pacific had taken the lead. The market shares of the other
regions were comparatively stable. As a result, Europe is way ahead
as both the global destination and source of international greenfield
investments.
A new balance within Europe itself
European global cities all jumped many ranks as a result of the
continental surge, with one major exception: London, which actually
registered fewer projects than the previous year. It is likely that Brexit
began to take a toll on the City’s attractiveness, and a radical reshaping
of Europe’s leadership might be under way. No other European city
experienced a boom comparable to Paris. The gap with London
shrunk by almost two thirds. The catch-up is even more pronounced
regarding strategic investments. Paris emerged as the main destination
for intra-European investments.
Paris: in the top 3 globally, taking a lead in Europe
International investors interviewed consistently indicated that they
viewed the new, enhanced attractiveness of Paris as more than a
temporary conjecture. Supporting their analysis is the marked rise of
Paris regarding almost all major investment criteria. Paris is particularly
distinguished for its infrastructure, human resources, business real
estate, higher education, innovation and start-up ecosystem.
4 |
GLOBAL DYNAMICS
DESTINATION OF INTERNATIONAL
GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS ¢
NORTHERN
43% Y/y(%)
Percentage of total by world +2% AMERICA
region and year-on-year
variation for each region
¢ 14%
¢
+5%
MIDDLE
EAST
ASIA
EUROPE
4%
29%
4% å
-12%
8% SOUTHERN
AMERICA
å
-2%
PACIFIC
+6%
å
-2% AFRICA å 3%
¢
-3%
43 EUROPE
GLOBAL INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD
INVESTMENTS: YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGES (%) 39
11 40
36 36
35 35
9 33
10 35 33
8 34
30 32 32
6 30 30 31 ASIA
28
27
PACIFIC
4
25
2
0 20
-4
-2 -1 NORTHERN
15 AMERICA
-4
-6 -8 -9
SOUTHERN
10
AMERICA
-8
-11 AFRICA
5
-10 MIDDLE EAST
-12
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
| 5
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
2017: THE MOST ATTRACTIVE
GLOBAL CITIES
Toronto
NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL 114
GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS IN
San
THE 35 LEADING CITIES WORLDWIDE Francisco
74 New York
In 2017, all continents have at least one global city in 156
the top 15 for international greenfield investments. Los Angeles
52
This “great game” of the 21st century is a very open,
multipolar competition unlike any other on the planet.
Two clusters of top destinations for international
greenfield investments stand out: Western Europe
and Eastern Asia. This map of international greenfield Mexico
61
investments by global cities closely reflects the global
equilibria indicated page 5. Indeed, global cities
attract the lion’s share of international investments.
The top 35 global cities alone attract nearly 45% of
the world’s total.
There is only a weak average correlation between
the cities’ (or the nations’) GDP and the international
greenfield investments attracted. Many other factors Sao Paulo
than wealth influence a city’s attractiveness and 101
business climate. Most are listed under “investors’
criteria” (pp. 16-17). A city attractiveness is therefore
fluid and hierarchies changing.
6 |
2017: THE MOST ATTRACTIVE GLOBAL CITIES
London
390
Paris
338
Dublin
132 Amsterdam Beijing
124 79 Seoul
38
Düsseldorf
74
Francfort
94
Barcelona Moscow Tokyo
135 41 112
Warsaw
Berlin 67 Pune Shanghai
58 47 173
Madrid Munich
95 91 Rangoon
35
Milan Hong
49 Kong
161
Hyderabad
41
Bangalore
137 Ho Chi
Kuala Lumpur Minh City
40 79
Dubai
248
Singapore
354
Sydney
121
Melbourne
77
Johannesburg
31
| 7
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
NUMBER OF INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS
IN THE 35 LEADING CITIES WORLDWIDE
(variations are expressed in percentage of the total)
London, Singapore, Paris, and, to a lesser extent, Dubai clearly stand out of the
competition.
The top 3 or 4 global cities attract a disproportionate share of international
greenfield investments. Like global cities capture a superior share of international
greenfield investments compared to other cities, the leading trio operates a
superior concentration compared to global cities. These cities play the role of
focal points of the world’s exchange system.
In 2017 Paris has surged from the 7th to the 3rd rank thanks to a 78% increase
year-on-year in incoming international greenfield investments, probably the
most important change recorded by the Global Cities Investment Monitor. Other
European cities, like Barcelona, Dublin, Amsterdam or Madrid, have experienced
a remarkable growth, but not the same exceptional one. The causes of this
dynamic are analysed by investors from p.12 onwards.
The winners-take-all tendency observable in general in international greenfield
investments is even more marked regarding investments in strategic functions,
although in that case Paris, and Singapore are almost on a par with the leader.
T
-2
E3 E E T T T E
78 15 -12 -2 -2
E E E E5 -18
4 39 47 31
T E E E E T T E 12 -19 30 46 33 -53 13 -14 24 52 -15 -23 -33 -29 -9
27 10 19 18 -32 -4 5 E T E E E T E T E E T T T T T T
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
London
Singapore
Paris
Dubai
Shanghai
Hong Kong
New York
Bangalore
Barcelona
Dublin
Amsterdam
Sydney
Toronto
Tokyo
Sao Paulo
Madrid
Francfort
Munich
Beijing
Ho Chi Minh
Melbourne
San Francisco
Dusseldorf
Warsaw
Mexico
Berlin
Los Angeles
Milan
Pune
Moscow
Hyderabad
Kuala Lumpur
Seoul
Rangoon
Johannesburg
Dubai
8 |
2017: THE MOST ATTRACTIVE GLOBAL CITIES
2013-2017: VARIATIONS IN TOP 5 CITIES 2013-2017 : CUMULATED
INVESTMENTS IN TOP 10
452 CITIES
435
International greenfield investments
in strategic functions : top 15 cities
404 398 390
412 London 230
354 Singapore
378 198 198
354 338 Paris
343
270 269
257 245 248 138
249
Dubai
215
240 245
227 101
89
82 80
190 173 Shangaï 72
181 71 71
64 62
199 60
55
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
2013-2017: CUMULATED INVESTMENTS IN TOP 10 CITIES
London
Singapore
Paris
Dubai
Shanghai
Bangalore
New York
Hong Kong
Barcelona
Dublin
Tokyo
Sydney
Amsterdam
Madrid
Toronto
2030
1890
1240 1229 Strategic investments, the rarest and most
1077 coveted type of investments, tend to be even
979
more concentrated in the Top global cities.
841
696 658 648 Strategic business activities comprise customer
138
2013-2017 contact centers, design, development & testing,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 education and training, headquarters, research
= = S F F = = S F = Rankings :
cumultated IGI and development, sales, marketing & support,
+2 -1 -1 +1 -1 over 5 years and shared service centers.
London
Singapore
Paris
Dubai
Shanghai
New York
Hong Kong
Sydney
Sao Paulo
Bangalore
| 9
GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
TOP DESTINATIONS BY ORIGIN OF INVESTMENTS
The global hierarchy differs
depending on the region of EUROPE
the origin of international
greenfield investments : Paris 157
Singapore 144
• Paris is global leader
regarding European Dubai 132
investments, followed New York 112
by Singapore. London
is only fifth in that category, London 106
which represents 43%
of all investments.
• Singapore is global leader
regarding Asian investments
(27% of the global total), NORTHERN AMERICA
followed by London.
London 188
• London comes first for
American Investments (14%), Paris 122
followed by Paris Singapore 107
and Singapore. Dublin 72
Toronto 57
ASIA
Singapore 86
London 68
Ho Chi Minh 49
Hong Kong 49
Dubai 45
Paris 39
San Francisco
10 |LEADING GLOBAL CITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS
ORIGINS OF INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS BY WORLD REGION
Percentage of total EUROPE
NORTHERN AMERICA
3% 2% NORTHERN 1%2%
1% AMERICA
27% SOUTHERN AMERICA
MIDDLE EAST
AFRICA
12%
22%
57% 15% 1%
57% ASIA PACIFIC
27%
EUROPE
33%
Top destinations for
1%
32% 36% international greenfield
SOUTHERN investment are all highly
AMERICA ASIA
AFRICA 1% PACIFIC diversified in terms of
41% sources. Only international
15% 15% 3%
equilibria may change.
42% 8%
Europe is the first investor
in three of the selected
Global Cities out of five:
9% 20% New York, Paris and
17% Shaghai. Northern America
prevails in London and
Bangalore. Asian Investors
ORIGINS OF INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS IN SELECTED CITIES come third in all five cases.
Percentage of total
NEW YORK Paris LONDON SHANGHAI BANGALORE
3% 1% 6% 36% 1% 2% 0% 2% 2%
1% 1% 0%
48% 4% 39% 13%
30% 19%
17% 2%
2%
18% 1%
3%
12%
72% 27% 46% 48% 44%
| 11GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
2017: INVESTORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF GLOBAL CITIES
CITIES’ GLOBAL IMAGE
“
Aerial view of Manhattan island, New York, USA
In your view, which 3 cities
or major world capitals have
the best overall image?”
Percentage of quotations by city
1 New York 50%
2 London 38%
3 Paris 28%
4 Shanghai 13%
5 Tokyo 10%
5 Francfort 10%
5 Singapore 10%
8 Berlin 9%
9 San Francisco 6%
Chicago 5%
Los Angeles 5% 2 8
Sydney 4% 10 35
Toronto 4%
9 1 5
Copenhague 4% 10
Stockholm 4% 4
Hong Kong 4%
Madrid 4%
5
Munich 4%
Dublin 4%
Beijing 3%
Dubai 3%
3%
12 |2017: INVESTORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF GLOBAL CITIES
CITIES’ REGIONAL IMAGES
“
In your view, which 3 cities or major world MIDDLE EAST
INVESTORS
capitals have the best overall image?”
Dubai
EUROPEAN London
✪ enter the top 5 INVESTORS New York ASIAN
Singapore INVESTORS
London
New York ✪ Paris (11 e
en 2017) S New York
Paris (3e en 2017) F Tokyo
Berlin S Shanghai
Shanghai ✪ Singapore
F London
S Paris (7 en 2017)
e
AMERICAN
INVESTORS
New York
S Paris (3 en 2017)
e
F London
✪ San Francisco
Francfort
✪ Chicago
| 13GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
CITIES’ GLOBAL ATTRACTIVENESS
“
In your view, which 3 major world capitals are currently the most attractive
locations for setting up a business in general (whether another business or yours)?”
Percentage of quotations by city
Singapore Harbour
1 New York 27%
2 London 21% 62 5
10 4 6
3 Shanghai 20%
1 6
4 Paris 11% 3
5 Berlin 10%
6
6 Hong Kong 6%
6 Francfort 6%
6 Beijing 6%
6 Dublin 6%
Chicago 5%
Dubai 5%
Tokyo 5%
San Francisco 5%
Singapore 5%
Madrid 5%
Mumbai 4%
Hambourg 4%
Toronto 4%
14 |2017: INVESTORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF GLOBAL CITIES
CITIES’ GLOBAL FUTURE (ANTICIPATED) ATTRACTIVENESS
“
According to you, which city will the most increase attractiveness in the next 3 years?”
1 2S 3S
Shanghai Paris NewYork
3 5S 6S 6
Mumbai Francfort NewDelhi London
| 15GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
INVESTMENT CRITERIA Of course, investors want to select the best opportunities, combining the highest
returns with the lowest risks. As a result, fundamentals matter when selecting a
TOP 11 INVESTMENT CRITERIA place to invest. Building the sort of economic and political environment that makes
a truly global city is a rare achievement and the global city a rare commodity.
Political stability and juridical security are probably the most difficult to achieve,
“
yet they are the first criterion for investors. Availability of skilled RH, market
In your view, which accessibility and size, infrastructure and economic growth come next. Quality
of the following in education, innovation and R&D, quality of life or startup ecosystem are a less
investment criteria are often quoted, yet this does not mean that they are not often decisive means of
the most important when differentiation in the competition between global cities.
choosing your location?”
1. POLITICAL STABILITY AND JURIDICAL SECURITY 89%
2. INFRASTRUCTURE 86%
3. AVAILABILITY OF SKILLED HR 86%
4. ECONOMIC GROWTH 83%
5. MARKET ACCESSIBILITY AND SIZE
78%
6. LIVING COSTS, SALARIES AND TAX LEVELS 77%
7. AVAILABILITY AND COST OF REAL ESTATE 67%
8. QUALITY OF EDUCATION 65%
9. QUALITY OF LIFE 56%
10. QUALITY OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION 50%
11. STARTUP ECOSYSTEM 49%
Panoramic view of Shanghai, China
16 |INVESTMENT CRITERIA
TOP CITIES’ RANKING BY INVESTMENT CRITERIA
“
According to you, regarding every investment
criterion, which city is generally the most attractive
for business and company location?”
Paris
RANKING
1er 2e 3e 4e 5e 2018 2017
1. POLITICAL STABILITY AND JURIDICAL SECURITY New York Berlin Francfort London Toronto 7e E 8e
San
2. INFRASTRUCTURE London New York Francfort PARIS Francisco 4e E 6e
A city’s brand matters, even
San
3. AVAILABILITY OF SKILLED HR New York London Francisco Francfort Shanghai 6 e
E 8 e when it comes to analyzing a
city’s attractiveness, criterion
by criterion. This is why more
4. ECONOMIC GROWTH Shanghai New York London New Delhi Beijing - - mature economies, like New
York, or Berlin are better ranked
San
5. MARKET ACCESSIBILITY AND SIZE New York Shanghai London Francisco Francfort 15e T 14e on political stability while a
more-recently emerged one,
like Shanghai gets its better
6. LIVING COSTS, SALARIES AND TAX LEVELS Dublin New York Shanghai Mumbai London - - marks on growth, market size
and costs. A city’s brand is a
strong asset, and changing it a
7. AVAILABILITY AND COST OF REAL ESTATE New York Shanghai London PARIS Berlin
daunting affair for promoters
and investors alike.
San
8. QUALITY OF EDUCATION London New York Boston Francisco PARIS 5e E 7e
Among the global cities which
San have recently experienced a
9. QUALITY OF LIFE New York PARIS London Francisco Barcelona 2 e
R 2 e
quite dramatic change of status:
San Francisco and Paris. Both
San
10. QUALITY OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
Francisco London New York Francfort Shanghai 6e E 7e cities have surged in categories
linked to high-tech economy:
San “skilled human resources”,
11. STARTUP ECOSYSTEM Francisco New York London PARIS Shanghai 4e E 6e “quality of education”,
“quality of life”, “quality of
San
TOTAL New York London Shanghai Francisco PARIS 5e R 5e research and development”,
“startup ecosystem”.
| 17GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
FOCUS ON PARIS
PARIS: A POSITIVE OUTLOOK FOR A TOP
BRAND AND A MAJOR DESTINATION
In 2017, international greenfield investments surged 80% in Paris,
now the third most attractive global city in the world, far ahead of the
next competitor.
Is this a game changer for Paris or a temporary spike due to abnormal
conditions in Europe and elsewhere? Our survey contains a few keys to
analyze the underlying trend.
First, the levels of attractiveness perceived by international investors are
very close to the actual ranking of Paris: third or fourth globally, either
one considers the city’s global image or a more analytical appreciation of
the city’s position regarding each investment criterion. Few competitors
enjoy such a level of consistency between the investors’ opinions and the
measurable reality.
Second, the investors’ predictions tend to distinguish Paris as the second-
best among the cities which will see their attractiveness increase over
the next three years. If anything, this result reinforces the sense that the
underlying trend is indeed a favorable one for Paris. Its new-found position
as a member of the top trio could therefore very well be a lasting one.
Supporting this analysis are the investors’ perceptions about Paris
specifically: the investors who think that the attractiveness of Paris will
improve over the next three years outnumber those who think the opposite
three to one, an almost complete inversion compared to four years ago.
The policies of the French government that address the protection of the
environment, international affairs and business demands are equally likely
to reinforce the investors’ analysis that Paris is much better placed than
London and other cities to be the next European leader.
18 |FOCUS ON PARIS
“ S“
In your view, will Paris over the three next years
become more or less attractive as a location for More
setting up a business in general (whether another Because
business or yours) or will its attractiveness be stable?” Paris is
“ Becauseof Brexit, unique.„
companies move
Stable
D 35
32%
over from London.”
“ Because of
President
«
32% Macron’s drive
Highly talended invest
“
to more
Paris is already a highly 30 28% people move in infrastructure and
developed economy.” 27% back to Paris in higher education.”
because of Brexit.»
“ The labour market
is highly resilient
and attractive
“ There is little
room for change
in my industry
[the car industry].”
25
20
17%
25%
19% “
Because of the changing
political climate, France is
becoming much more
investment-friendly.”
compared to other countries.”
« Paris is one of the most
attractive cities in the world.
And this is not going to change.»
15
12% “
Confidence
is back thanks
“ Because of Paris’
aggressiveness
in high tech.„
«
10 to political
2015 2016 2017 2018 stability, and Paris
“ London is going to recede compared harbors great The crisis
to the other European capitals.” human resources is over. »
« Because of the European
migrant crisis. »
Less
F “ I love Paris as a
and quality of life is
exceptional.”
“ Because costs
“
are going down
Because of
France’s global
leadership.”
“
touristic destination, not
in France.”
Because as a business center.”
“ “
Because France
Because of of labour
is politically
“
language barriers.” costs.” Because of France’s
« Because Asian Markets
stable.”
growth potential. ”
«
“ Because of insecurity” are on the rise.”
Paris is exceptionally well
“ Because it is a
shrinking market”
“ Paris is going to
be more expensive
due to Brexit.„
located in Europe.»”
| 19GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
FOCUS ON PARIS' ATTRACTIVENESS
“
In your view, did Paris’
attractiveness increase due to…
%
yes
EUROPE
Climate change policy-making 68%
The election of Emmanuel Macron
as President of the French Republic 48%
ASIA
Fight against terrorism 62%
Improving proficiency in English Climate change policy-making 51%
among French people 55% The election of Emmanuel Macron
as President of the French Republic 44%
Fight against terrorism 47%
Improving proficiency in English
among French people 51%
NORTHERN AMERICA
Climate change policy-making 69%
The election of Emmanuel Macron
as President of the French Republic 59% MIDDLE-EAST
Fight against terrorism 62% Climate change policy-making 68%
Improving proficiency in English The election of Emmanuel Macron
among French people 63% as President of the French Republic 48%
Fight against terrorism 62%
Improving proficiency in English
among French people 55%
20 |FOCUS ON PARIS
BREXIT: THE IMPACT ON PERCEIVED ATTRACTIVENESS
“
The United Kingdom is about to leave the European Union. In the context of « Brexit »
is investing in London becoming more attractive? or less attractive? And what about
investing in Paris? And what about Europe?” ?
EUROPEAN INVESTORS
AMERICAN INVESTORS F
-67
S
+6
S
+16
ASIAN INVESTORS
F S
+9
S
-29 +7
F
-32
F
-4
S
+14
MIDDLE-EAST INVESTORS
F
-18
S
+1
S
+17
| 21GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
PARIS: INTERNATIONAL GREENFIELD INVESTMENTS BY SECTOR (%)
17 17 19 19 19 18
4 2
2 3 3 2 3
3 3 1 3 3
3 4
2 4 3 3 3
3 3
2 5 3 4
1 6
5 3 3 6 4
5 8 4 4
9 4
7
8 8 5
10
12 6 7 8
9
21 17 15 17
12
17
31 26 28 31 32 30
2003>2005 2005>2008 2009>2011 2012>2014 2015>2017 TOTAL
SOFTWARE & IT SERVICES BUSINESS &IT SERVICES FINANCIAL SERVICES OTHERS
TRANSPORTATION REAL ESTATE ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY,
EQUIPEMENTS & TOOLS
CONSUMERS PRODUCTS HOTELS & TOURISM COMMUNICATION
22 |FOCUS ON PARIS
WHO’S INVESTING IN GREATER PARIS (BY WORLD REGION) ?
EUROPE
NORTHERN AMERICA
70% ASIA PACIFIC 400
PROJECTS
60% 350
300
50%
250
40%
200
30%
150
20%
100
10%
50
0% 0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
| 23GLOBAL CITIES INVESTMENT MONITOR 2018
METHODOLOGY
PERCEPTIONS The Monitor is a reliable tool for policymakers and investors, with a rigorous, transparent and stable methodology.
It is an exclusive benchmark study by Greater Paris Investment Agency in partnership with KPMG.
This Monitor is designed to perceive and describe the fluid and ever-changing dynamics of our contemporary
A poll conducted with a representative sample of world, by focusing on the latest decisions rather on accumulated stocks of wealth. It uses homogenous indicators
that reflect global movements and pinpoint the latest fluctuations.
516 companies with international
business settlements
• 22 countries
¢ ¢
As a result its rankings are much more open and evolving that other rankings, which focus on global cities’
accumulated wealth and “power”. In short, our Monitor is turned towards the future.
• 3 criteria:
- Location of headquarters EUROPE
- Industry
France 35
- Turnover Germany 35
• Phone interviews with global NORTHERN
business leaders
(CEO, managing director, administrative and
financial manager, sales manager, head of
AMERICA
Canada
United States
20
90
Italy
Netherlands
Spain
Sweden
20
10
10
10
¢ %
international investment) Total 110 Switzerland 20 ASIA
12 February to 2 April 2018 UK 50 China 25
Ireland 10 MIDDLE EAST Hong Kong 20
Russia 20 India 20
Kuwait 10
Total 220 Japan 40
SOUTHERN Qatar 10
Saudi Arabia 10 South Korea 10
AMERICA
UAE 20 Total 115
Brazil 15 Total 50
Total 15
POSITION OF THE INTERWIEVEE REVENUE (in ¤) BUSINESS ACTIVITY
FINANCIAL MANAGER 29%
MARKETING / COMMUNICATION / MANAGER 33%
24% 11% 19%
DEVELOPMENT MANAGER 4% 40% 37% 40% 30%
CEO 13%
SALES MANAGER 10%
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGER 4%
OTHERS 7%
■ Less than 500 million ■ Service
■ Between 500 millions and 5 bilion ■ IT
■ More than 5 bilion ■ Heavy industry
■ Consumer goods
24 |METHODOLOGY
35 GLOBAL CITIES
International Greenfield Investment Top destinations in term of international
The Monitor measures the number of published international "greenfield" Greenfield investments
investments collected in the fDi Markets database. International greenfield
investments occur when a company launches new activities in a global city. They
built up its economic potential and create jobs. Purely financial investments, like
real estate transactions, privatisations or alliances are not included. Join ventures
are included only when they result in job creation.
The Monitor uses the simplest possible unit: a published investment project, by
contrast with expected job creations or capex, so as to maximize comparability and
minimize interferences from local factors – currency fluctuations, governmental
promotion, etc.)
The Top global cities for international greenfield investments list has been regularly
updated to take account of the significant rebalances in the global economy.
Moscow
Amsterdam
Dublin
Berlin
London
Munich
Paris
Toronto Francfort
Madrid
Barcelona Istanbul Seoul
San Francisco Tokyo
Beijing
Los Angeles New York Abu Dhabi
Dubai New Dehli Shanghai
Pune Rangoon
Hyderabad Hong Kong
Mexico
Bangalore Ho Minh City
Database Singapour
“fDi markets” Financial Kuala Lumpur
Times, since January 2003
• 188 000 international
investment projects
• 86 000 businesses all Sao Paulo
over the world Johannesburg Sydney
• 15,929 information sources: Melbourne
newspapers, magazines,
associations, websites…
| 25KPMG FRANCE KPMG France is a leading audit and advisory firm, member of KPMG International, a global network of professional firms with a presence in 154 countries across the world. KPMG France employs 9,000 professionals and serve major international and French companies, SMEs or family groups, and start-ups, in all industry areas. GREATER PARIS INVESTMENT AGENCY Greater Paris Investment Agency is a non-profit organization founded 25 years ago by the Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry to attract new international investors in Greater Paris and to bolster its attractiveness. It is comprised of major companies; they guarantee total independence and provide support in fulfilling the Association’s main missions. As Greater Paris business ambassador, our Agency is a key partner and advisor linking government decision-makers and our prestigious business partners’ network. It is a major player in the Greater Paris project. GPIA MEMBERSHIP : A GLOBAL REACH FOR A GLOBAL CITY ACCENTURE, ACCORHOTELS, PARIS AEROPORT, AIR FRANCE, ALTAREA COGEDIM, BNP PARIBAS, BOUYGUES IMMOBILIER, CAISSE DES DEPOTS, CEA, CHAMBRE DE COMMERCE ET D’INDUSTRIE DE PARIS ILE-DE-FRANCE, CHAMBRE DES NOTAIRES DE PARIS, CISCO, COLONYNORTHSTAR, COMEXPOSIUM, COMITE REGIONAL DU TOURISME, CONDUENT, CREDIT AGRICOLE CIB (CALYON), EDF, ENEDIS, ENGIE, EPA PLAINE DE FRANCE, EPADESA, EPT GRAND ORLY VAL DE BIEVRE SEINE-AMONT, EUROPACITY, EY, FEDERATION REGIONALE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS ÎLE-DE-FRANCE, FRANCE AMERIQUES, GALERIES LAFAYETTE, GECINA, GENERALE CONTINENTALE INVESTISSEMENTS, GIDE LOYRETTE NOUEL, GROUPE G7, HERMITAGE LIFESTYLE, ICADE, INVIVO, JONES DAY, KEOLIS, KPMG, LA FRANCAISE, LA POSTE, MARNE-LA-VALLEE EPAMARNE/ EPAFRANCE, MEDEF ÎLE-DE-FRANCE, METROPOLE DU GRAND PARIS, ORANGE, HAROPA, PRESENCE, PWC, RATP, SANEF, SAP, SNCF, SOCIETE DU GRAND PARIS, TRANSDEV UNIBAILRODAMCO, VINCI SA, WILMOTTE & ASSOCIES…
EDITORIAL BOARD Nicolas Beaudouin Partner, Head of Development for Paris, KPMG nbeaudouin@kpmg.fr Alexandre Missoffe Managing Director, Greater Paris Investment Agency amissoffe@gp-investment-agency.com Christophe Scheidhauer Benchmarking&Studies Leader, Greater Paris Investment Agency cscheidhauer@gp-investment-agency.com Jeanne-Marie Monpeurt Graphic design Pictures : ©i-stock
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