LITHUANIAN DEFENCE SYSTEM: Facts and Trends 2018
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LITHUANIAN
DEFENCE SYSTEM:
Facts and Trends
2018
DETERMINATION TO DEFEND
2% OF GDP IN 2018 and further increase of defence expenditures
Intensive MODERNISATION of the Lithuanian Armed Forces (infantry
fighting vehicles, self-propelled howitzers, surface to air missile systems)
Number of MILITARY PERSONNEL in 2017: + 43% increase since 2014
Lithuania reconstituted CONSCRIPTION in 2015
Most modern URBAN WARFARE training facility in the Baltic region
1st among Allies to conduct large scale PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGN
ABOUT PROPAGANDA.
CYBER SECURITY REFORM, consolidating all national cyber
responsibilities under leadership of the Ministry of National Defence
2
Budget
RAPID GROWTH OF DEFENCE EXPENDITURES
2,1
2,0 2,0
1200,0
1,8 - 2,0
1000,0
1,5 - 1,6
800,0
1,1
- 1,2
600,0 0.9 891,4 952,3 1011,7
0.8
- 0,8
400,0 574,6 723,8
200,0 267,3 321,8 424,9 - 0,4
+20%
+26%
+35%
+32%
+23%
+6%
+7%
0,0 - 0,0
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
EUR mln
GDP %
On 17 January 2017 Lithuanian Parliament adopted On 10 September 2018 the majority of Lithuanian
the new National Security Strategy and committed parliamentary parties signed an Agreement on
to allocate 2% of GDP in 2018 and to steadily the guidelines for Lithuanian defence policy and
increase defence expenditures further on. committed to allocate at least 2,5% of GDP in
2030 to defence expenditures.
3
BREAKDOWN OF DEFENCE EXPENDITURES
IN 2018
Personnel
42%
Equipment
Operations and Maintenance
5% – Infrastructure
21% 3% – Other
29%
4
Expanding capabilities
of the Lithuanian Armed Forces
• Second Infantry Brigade “Žemaitija“ since 2017.
• Further development of Infantry Brigades by creating new units.
• Focus on greater alignment between peace-time and war-time LAF structures.
Mechanized Motorised 6 National Infantry Brigade
Infantry Infantry Defence “Aukštaitija“ from
Brigade “Iron Brigade Volunteer institutional units
Wolf“ “Žemaitija“ Force units and reserve
Peacetime
Wartime
Land Force development is a priority for Lithuania.
5
NATIONAL RAPID REACTION FORCE
> Established in 2014.
> Two battalion-sized battle groups are
ready to act in 2–24 hours.
> Could be used to respond to hybrid threats in
peacetime upon the decision of the President.
> Annual large scale live exercises using
unconventional scenario with civilian
institutions.
6
MAIN MODERNIZATION PROJECTS
2016–2021
}
Infantry fighting vehicle
Greater mobility, force
BOXER-VILKAS
protection and firepower
Two infantry battalions
2016–2019
}
Self-propelled
PZH2000 Howitzers Efficient fire support
One artillery battalion
2017–2020
}
Norwegian–US advanced
Robust and proven air
surface to air missile system
defence system
NASAMS
About EUR 1.7 billion planned for modernisation of
the Lithuanian Armed Forces in 2018–2023.
7
INCREASING MILITARY PERSONNEL
9702 Professional
soldiers
4977 National Defence
Volunteer Force (Homeguard)
3864 Conscripts
(3900 in 2019)
Data as of July 2018
{
A pool for Closer link
Manning of A pool for
professional between
operational reserve
Conscripts service and military and
units forces
Homeguard society
The number of military personnel has grown significantly since 2009:
12 450 +43% 17 801 +13% 20 073
2014 2017 2019
Lithuania reintroduced conscription in 2015.
30% of conscripts joined the professional service in 2017.
8
IMPROVEMENT OF TRAINING FACILITIES
New and modern Urban Warfare
Training Facility for national and
international combat training, first
such centre in the Baltic region,
opened 2016 in Pabradė.
}
PABRADĖ
TRAINING 85 km2 176 km2 Training of a battalion-sized
(33 mi2) (68 mi2) battle group (up to 1200 soldiers)
AREA
}
GAIŽIŪNAI
TRAINING 52 km2 125 km2
(20 mi2) (48 mi2)
Training up to battalion level
AREA
modernisation of Kazlų Rūda, Rokai and Kairiai training areas
Doubling the size of training areas.
Better training facilities for the national forces and our Allies.
Possibility to train a battalion using Multiple Integrated Laser
Engagement System (MILES).
9
Šiauliai
Port of
Klaipėda
Šiauliai Air Base Panevėžys
Klaipėda NATO Baltic Air Linkaičiai
Kairiai TA Policing Mission
since 2004
Facilities for NATO Enhanced
Forward Presence Battalion
Group since 2017 Pabradė TA
Gaižiūnai TA
Rokai TA
Kazlų Rūda TA Kaunas
Vilnius Planned facilities for NATO
Very High Readiness Joint
Task Force
European standard
gauge railway Alytus
TA training area
planned railway connection from Kaunas to Riga & Tallinn
completed section of the Rail Baltica standard gauge line
railway transfer point for military heavy equipment
planned new storage facilities
10Lithuanian Support for NATO‘s
Enhanced Forward Presence
LITHUANIA PROVIDES
Morale, Welfare and
Recreation package
Accommodation in Force
military barracks protection
or field camps
Access to and
use of training Fire
ranges/ protection
facilities
Transportation
and movement
assistance &
coordination
1112
Commitment to International Security:
PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL
OPERATIONS, TRAINING AND CAPACITY
BUILDING MISSIONS
US-led Joint Multinational
Training Group and Lithuanian
Training Operation in Ukraine
NATO Operation
KFOR in Kosovo
EU Operation Sophia NATO Training
Mission Resolute
Support in
US-led Coalition
Afghanistan
Inherent
Resolve in Iraq
EU Counter-piracy
Operation Atalanta
EU Training
EU and UN Mission in
Missions in Mali Central African
Republic
13SUPPORT TO UKRAINE
Areas of support out the role of the NATO Contact Point Em-
bassy during 2015-2018.
> Lithuania, together with the US, UK, Canada,
Poland, other allies and partners, supports > Lithuanian military instructors in Ukraine are
Ukraine’s defence reforms aimed at part of the US-led Joint Multinational Training
adopting NATO standards and achieving Group and Lithuania’s Military Training
interoperability with NATO. Operation, which started on 1 July 2017.
> Lithuanian Armed Forces’ military adviser has Numbers
been coordinating international assistance to > Lithuanian Armed Forces instructors with the US
the reform of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and UK counterparts have trained 10 battalions
NCO corps since mid-2016. of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 2015-2017.
> Lithuanian military advisers have been > Humanitarian and other material assistance
directly involved in setting up and further for the Ukrainian Armed Forces has reached
developing SOF within the Ukrainian Armed close to 1.9 mln. EUR in 2014–2017.
Forces.
> Lithuania provided medical rehabilitation
> The common Lithuanian-Polish-Ukrainian for 181 wounded Ukrainian soldiers during
brigade is a regional military cooperation 2014–2017.
project and a practical instrument to support
transformation of the Ukrainian military. > The Parliamentary mandate for 2018-2019
has authorised deployment of up to 60 Lithu-
> Lithuanian Embassy in Ukraine has carried anian instructors to Ukraine at any given time.
14Enhancing Society Resilience
GROWING IMPORTANCE OF
THE LITHUANIAN RIFLEMEN’S UNION
Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union is a paramilitary
organisation promoting patriotic education and
civil resistance.
Lithuanian Riflemen’s Union’s budget has grown more than
2,7 times from 2014 to 2018.
Number of riflemen has increased +45% from
2013 to March 2018.
Closer cooperation in training with National Defence
Volunteer Force (Homeguard).
150
10
70
30
20
50
40
60
90
80
100
supports the presence of
NATO troops in Lithuania
(Data as of December 2017)
81%
trusts the Lithuanian Armed Forces
(Data as of December 2017)
16
66%
STRONG PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR
supports membership in NATO
(Data as of December 2017)
83%
THE LITHUANIAN ARMED FORCES AND NATOINFORMATION AND AWARENESS
RAISING CAMPAIGN
Since 2014 the Ministry of National Defence has
published 3 manuals for citizens on what actions
to take in case of an emergency and in war-time
situations.
English language version can be found online:
http://kam.lt/download/51276/ka%20turime%20
zinoti%20en.pdf
17Cooperation with NGO’s: Recognising Propaganda and
Information Warfare:
20 NGO’s initiatives related to patriotic More than 280 events and presentations for
education and defence have been partially NGO’s, state and municipality officials, schools &
financed by the Ministry of National universities, business representatives in 2017
Defence in 2017.
18STRENGTHENING CYBER SECURITY
Ministry of National
Defence is the only
government institution
responsible for cyber
security since 2018.
National Cyber Security
CYBER 0
01 01
Centre, responsible for the
0 national cyber security
SECURITY policy implementation,
established in 2015.
Law on Cyber Security
entered into force in 2015.
19> Monitoring system is installed
on critical governmental networks,
energy & transport sectors.
PREVENTION
RESPONSE DETECTION
> Since 2018 Cyber Security Centre During 2017, more than 450
also functions as National Computer malware cases were detected
Security Incident Response Team and neutralized in governmental
(CSIRT). networks and critical information
> Second national cyber security infrastructure.
exercise in 2017 – more than 200
representatives from 50 private and
public institutions, and academia.
20FIND MORE
Facebook http://www.facebook.com/LRKAM
Twitter https://twitter.com/Lithuanian_MoD
YouTube http://www.youtube.com/user/KrastoApsauga
http://kam.lt/en
212018
© Ministry of
National Defence
of the Republic of Lithuania
Design by Raimonda Namikaitė ISBN 978-609-412-114-2
Photography: Ieva Budzeikaite, Arnas Glazauskas, Alfredas The bibliographic information about the publication
Pliadis. Photographs are also taken from the archives of the is available in the National Bibliographic Data Bank
Ministry of National Defence and Special Operations Forces. (NBDB) of the Martynas Mažvydas National Library of
Lithuania.
Illustration (p. 18) by Vladimiras BeresniovasYou can also read
