MyGov task Identify 10 Global best practices used by countries which have made a big difference in the lives of their citizens
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myGov task
Identify 10 Global
best practices used by
countries which have
made a big difference in
the lives of their citizens
1
Task Elaboration
2
This task requires elaborate
research on global best practices
that have created a significant
difference in improving the
cleanliness standards. Please also
share the possible negative effects,
if any, in the Indian context.
Let’s understand Cleanliness !
3
Before we elaborate the task, one should first try to
understand the word “cleanliness”, which is nothing
but……
“STATE OF BEING CLEAN”
&/or
“STATE OF HAVING CLEAN SURROUNDING AROUND”
***
Locations of Cleanliness
4
To elaborate the task, one should first identify the
area / locations / surroundings, where best practices
followed (world wide), have made significant
difference in improvement in cleanliness standards.
10 different locations / area are therefore
identified, and some of the best practices followed
globally in these area / locations, which can be
adopted in our country, are analysed for this task
presentation
10 Locations …10 Best Practices
5
& 10 Slogans to make it work in India!
1 . Domestic Waste Management / cleanliness
2. Public Colonies / Township Settlement
3. Construction area / Settlement
4. Public Roads / Street, Public Places etc..
5. Bus Stops/Bus Stations/Railway Stations/Air ports
6. Inside Bus / Trains
7. Big Cities / Metros
8. Public Gardens / Parks / River fronts etc..
9. Tourist Spots / Historical Monuments / Places
10. Public / Government offices
1. Domestic Cleanliness
Let’s make our Home Sweet Home to Home Neat Home too !
6
Daily House waste is one of the primary source of
waste generation all over
Many Countries / Cities have made regulations to
make waste sorting ‘mandatory’ so that, bio-
degradable & non bio-degradable waste are
separated at source itself and put to good use by
municipal authorities eg. Germany / Seattle in US,
Singapore, Netherlands etc.
China, Shanghai city also have similar legislations1A. Waste Sorting – Dutch Example
7
(source : http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/print/volume-
11/issue-1/features/dutch-successes.html
Netherlands is able to recycle no less than 64% of its
waste – and most of the remainder is incinerated to
generate electricity.
As a result, only a small percentage ends up in landfill. In
the realm of recycling this is a country which is practically
unique.
The Dutch approach is simple: avoid creating waste as much
as possible, recover the valuable raw materials from it,
generate energy by incinerating residual waste, and only
then dump what is left over – but do so in an
environmentally friendly way.1A. Waste Sorting – Dutch Example
8
(source : http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/print/volume-
11/issue-1/features/dutch-successes.html
Dutch Parliament has passed legislation on the waste sorting
issues by each home
A survey carried out for TNT Post revealed that separating
waste is the most popular environmental measure among
Dutch people.
More than 90% of Dutch people separate their household
waste.
Installing carbon filters on carsPositive effects of Waste Sorting in India
9
Better waste management
Better cleanliness can be maintained in and around
Inculcation of discipline among general public
Conversion of waste to wealth through better waste
management techniques / Waste to Energy Plants..
Job Creation / Newer opportunities
Cleanliness around
Healthy nation…..Wealthy nation !Negative effects in India
10
‘Waste sorting’ is an extremely complex issue
People need to be educated more to implement this
More investment is necessary to handle different types
of waste, its storage, transport, disposal etc..
No. of dust bins / storage bins (small / big) required will
be more, needing more funds for waste management
Every house shall follow the rules and regulations and
indiscipline among users may spoil the whole plan2. Township / Colony / Municipal Settlement Cleanliness
Let’s make our Clean Colony – Green Colony
11
In most of the advanced countries, Sewage Treatment Plant
(STP) is a must in a colony / township settlement, where
no. of houses are built together
Strict guidelines reg. “No open drainage / Sewage lines”
Water generated from the STP invariably used for
Gardening, saving the precious drinking water
Greenery around ….prosperity around !
STP – Israel Example
In Israel, about 50 percent of agricultural water usage
(total use was 1 billion cubic metres in 2008) is provided
through reclaimed sewer water.2. STP– Positive / Negative Effects in India
12
STP is practical only in big cities / metros where
sewage / drainage systems are maintained and
sewage is collected for treatment
Yet, there’s no denying the fact that, India needs to
have more and more efficient STPs and recycling of
sewage water is one of the important aspect of
maintaining cleanliness around ;
In large parts of India, particularly in smaller towns,
there are no such elaborate systems, due to which
accumulation of dirty water flown to open
area/canals breeds dirtiness around.3. Construction Area Cleanliness
Let’s construct a cleaner – greener India
13
Construction area dust or ‘Fugitive dust’ control yet to
take serious attention in our country
It’s one of the large contributor of ‘particulate matter’
(PM) found in the air and water
Many western nations have strict and strong
regulations against spreading of fugitive dust on a/c
construction activities, which are religiously followed
Construction dust, if not controlled properly, could be
one of the major source of air pollution in big cities
India need to have strong regulations to control and
the will to implement in letter & spirit – “Let our
construction industry take lead” !Fugitive Dust Control Measures - 1
14
Source : https://www.deq.idaho.gov/air-quality/air-pollutants/fugitive-
dust.aspx
Keeping potential fugitive dust problems under control is an everyday job.
Plan ahead by developing a dust prevention and control plan.
Here are some specific suggestions for controlling fugitive dust:
First, think pollution prevention!
Minimize the surface area disturbed. The less ground disturbed, the less
dust raised while working, and the less cleanup when work is done.
Limit dusty work on windy days. Apply dust suppression measures when
needed. Monitor dust suppression efforts to ensure that dust emissions are
adequately controlled. It may be necessary to adjust to fewer or more
frequent application intervals depending on weather conditions.
Clean up dusty spills immediately. Do not wait for the next scheduled
housekeeping—the mess will just get bigger and cleanup will take longer.Fugitive Dust Control Measures - 2
15
Source : https://www.deq.idaho.gov/air-quality/air-pollutants/fugitive-
dust.aspx
Control dust in occasionally used areas.
Grow vegetative ground cover. Growing grasses or legumes is the most
effective, easiest and most economical control because these plants
provide a dense, complete cover. Even when the vegetation dries up, the
roots will help hold the soil in place. Do not leave open areas uncovered.
Use wind erosion controls. Plant bushes or trees, construct wood or rock
walls, or earthen banks as permanent windbreaks, or install porous wind
or snow fences as more temporary measures. Reduced wind velocity
allows larger particles to settle to the ground.
Apply crust-forming chemicals. These chemicals may include mineral
salts, petroleum resins, asphalt emulsion, acrylics, and adhesives. These
treatments must be reapplied periodically to ensure continued
effectiveness. Check with DEQ to ensure the material you want to apply is
not harmful and may be used for this purpose.Covering of Const. Area during construction
(with protective cover / banner / screen / enclosure)
16
All construction areas, in particular, any construction in the
heart of cities / towns etc.. shall be covered with suitable
screens/enclosures etc. such that, the dust generated from the
construction area do not spread &increase “Particulate Matter”
(PM) suspended in the air ;
Construction Industry norms should be revised to make this
feature mandatory; it improves safety @ const. site too !
Lots of positive effects …..mainly less air pollution, clean
surrounding , safe construction, aesthetically neat & more !
Negative effects : Cost of Construction could go up bit higher
on a/c of such regulations / legislations / new measures ; But,
it’s still worth, to maintain cleanliness aroundHave a Look at few banners / net placed to cover the
construction area to prevent spreading of construction dust
17
Building is covered by banner Building construction is covered
to prevent the spreadingg of with plastic net to prevent any
fugitive dust coming from inside dust spreading & to prevent
activity falling of any object out side4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ Pavements
Let’s make our roads – a way to prosperity !
18
Let’s understand that problem first ……..
In most of the cities / towns in India, problem mainly
lies with FOOTPATHS / PAVEMENTS rather than
roads….per se!
Even if roads are ok, Footpaths remain unkempt / untidy /
unclean, unhygienic at many locations, every city, every
town, every nook & corner !
People often throw cigarette butts, gutka covers, plastic
covers, papers, all possible loose waste around, without
any inhibition / control and sense of discipline!
An unclean area is an open invitation to make it even
more dirtier as dirtiness breeds dirtiness !4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ Pavements
19
This is an important aspect, in keeping our cities / towns
clean & cleanliness can be achieved through …….
INDIA NEEDS TO HAVE MORE & MORE SMOOTH / EVEN
SURFACED PAVEMENTS / FOOTFATH, WHICH ARE EASY TO
CLEAN & MAINTAIN !
Let’s have a ASPHALTED / CONCRETED / TILED FOOTPATH
all over as an even surfaced footpath is easy to clean /
maintain & uneven footpath–very difficult to clean / maintain
A smooth surfaced / tiled footpath saves more time, energy,
money and resources required to ensure cleanliness
Above all, Let’s understand it very clear, problem is not on
roads – but on Footpath / pavements & India needs
“CONCRETE” solutions to address it !4. Cleanliness on Public Roads/ Pavements
20
This is an important aspect, in keeping our cities / towns
clean & cleanliness can be achieved through …….
INDIA NEEDS TO HAVE MORE & MORE SMOOTH / EVEN
SURFACED PAVEMENTS / FOOTFATH, WHICH ARE EASY TO
CLEAN & MAINTAIN !
Let’s have a ASPHALTED / CONCRETED / TILED FOOTPATH
all over as an even surfaced footpath is easy to clean /
maintain & uneven footpath–very difficult to clean / maintain
A smooth surfaced / tiled footpath saves more time, energy,
money and resources required to ensure cleanliness
Above all, Let’s understand it very clear, problem is not on
roads – but on Footpath / pavements & India needs
“CONCRETE” solutions to address it !FOOTPATHS - have a look & judge,
21
which are easy to clean & maintain !
Uneven FOOTPATHS - Even surfaced Footpaths –
difficult to maintain clean / neat Easy to clean / maintainEven Surfaced Footpaths Abroad
22
Cleanliness showing ……obviouslyLet’s change our approach!
23
Let’s all be STREET SMART !
In most of the developed / developing countries
FOOTPATHS of major cities / towns have an even
surfaced / tiled / concreted / asphalted FOOTPATHS
which are EASY TO CLEAN and more importantly
MAINTAIN it !
Let’s change our approach…..We do spend a lot on
our roads / highways…..every year !
LET’S SPEND NOW FOR OUR FOOTPATHS TOO !
Let’s care for our pedestrians…our common man …..
... our aam janta ..our man on street ..and
MAKE OUR STREETS SMART…..SMARTER !Other measures needed to keep our
24
streets clean
Cleaning of footpaths / clearing of dust bins at pubic
places should be done on a daily basis
Abroad, in all major cities, one finds Municipal worker
cleaning the roads, almost on round – the – clock basis
India needs to increase the augment this manpower at
all Municipalities / Corporations
All Municipal workers identified for this job shall be
given proper / neat uniform with fluorescent jackets
and proper tools
Let’s respect these silent workers of the nation too !Empower our Municipal workforce with proper
tools / dust bins / dust carts / uniform /
25
fluorescent jackets & ofcourse LOTS OF RESPECT!How to clean the unclean ….!
26
FEW COMMON MEASURES TO IMPROVE
CLEANLINESS ALL OVER, BE AT PUBLIC
PLACES, ROADS, BUS STATIONS, RAILWAY
STATIONS, MARKET, TOURIST SPOTS,
ANYWHERE IN THE CITYCleanliness at Public Places
- Immediate Measures REQUIRED -
• One of the main drawback of present system is there’s
no much interaction between general public and
agencies responsible for clearing of garbage / waste
etc..
• Let’s take benefit of social media / smart phones to
interact better between public and agencies concerned
to have an effective complaint redressal systems and
its follow up
• Improved interaction between Public & authorities
concerned (responsible for cleaning) can do wonders !
27Cleanliness at Public Places
Methodology of Improvement of interaction between Public & Authorities
responsible
Through use of Information Technology (IT) :
• Every corporation / town municipalities shall have their own
web page / dedicated section where public can lodge their
complaint, upload the photos etc.. by giving the details of area /
place / garbage to be cleared
• Facilities for uploading the photos of area concerned, and
facilities to give details of the area to be cleared similar to
myGov portal
• Regular follow up of complaint redressal system by the
authorities concerned / with regular audit of the same by an
independent agency
28Cleanliness at Public Places
Methodology of Improvement of interaction between Public & Authorities
responsible
Through use of Information Technology (IT) :
• So, let’s have notice board indicating the name /
agency / their tel. / mobile no. & web page
importantly social media address / e – mail / e -
contact address near :
Every strategic corner / point of a city / town , to
begin with
Every big garbage collection bins / points
Entrance / Exit point of all important tourist
places / bus stops / railway stations etc..
29Cleanliness at Public Places
Methodology of Improvement of interaction between Public & Authorities
responsible
Through use of Information Technology (IT) :
• Let’s take benefit of social media / smart phones to
interact better between public and agencies
concerned to have an effective complaint redressal
systems and its follow up
• A myGov portal of kind can be started by every
Municipal Corporations, where Public can lodge their
complaints reg. cleanliness and the agencies
concerned should address it within next 48 - 72
hours.
• Accountability of the area to be cleaned / area under
monitoring, helps to clean the system better
30Cleanliness at Public Places
Methodology of Improvement of interaction between Public & Authorities
responsible
Through use of Information Technology (IT) :
• Improved interaction between Public & authorities
concerned (responsible for cleaning the area) can do
wonders !
• Improve accountability of the agencies concerned for
attending the complaints / its follow up
• Importantly, authorities concerned shall also be vested with
resources (both manpower & machineries etc..) to do their
job, else, the system will not work
• Every citizen of the city / town can be a citizen journalist
with this move / cause
31Cleanliness Control…
through SMART approach
32
In nutshell…..
Let’s use our SMARTPHONE & SMART technology to
make our cities clean & green……in smart way !
Let’s us all be smart…!
Let’s use our smart phone smarter ..!!
&
Let’s all make our cities smartest ….!Other regular ways to reduce littering
Few immediate measures for implementation
• Dust bins at regular intervals in all public places / roads and
importantly, a fool proof mechanism to clear the same on a
regular / daily basis
• Provision of dust bins at all bus stops / railway stations
• Provision of Sulabh Shouchalaya type toilets at all bus stations /
near railway stations etc.., to begin with, and later on, at least
one such place, every 1 – 2 sq. km area
• Provision of separate dust bins (food waste & Plastic / paper
etc..) in bus stations / railway coaches / stations etc.. &
mechanism to clear it without fail 335. Cleanliness in Bus Stations/Bus–Stops /
Railway Stations etc.–Let’s not miss the bus now!
34
India needs to do A LOT OF WORKS to improve the
cleanliness in our Bus Stations / Bus Stops / Railway
Stations etc..
Few Bus Stations in cities like Vadodara, Bengalooru,
Hyderabad & few more Railway Stations have been
made look better, but majority of them in our country
still need lots of upliftment & cleaner surroundings !
Significantly, we need clean & well maintained
toilets in all these places, where cleanliness is
maintained round – the – clock !Global Practice – Let’s emulate that !
35
Dust bins at all Bus
Stops & twice a day
collection
Big Dust bins at Bus Stands
Railway Stations &
if possible in different colours
to encourage public to
segregate the waste / litter at
source itselfGlobal Practice – Let’s explore that !
36
As a first approach, we should have clean toilets in all public places
/ bus stops / stations & maintained round the clock !
Let’s encourage Sulabh Shouchalaya type Toilet facility everywhere
Portable Toilet Mobile Toilet
India should also start exploring the usage of
Portable / mobile toilets (as in west / abroad)
to prevent usage of unauthorized places for
answering nature’s call !6. Cleanliness Inside Trains / Buses
Let’s make our Railways truly “LIFELINE’ of our nation !
37
After Railway safety, this should be the second most
important priority for Indian Railways and cleanliness of
coaches as well as railway stations / platforms should be
given utmost importance.
Firstly, every passenger should feel that, Indian Rail
coaches (or any public bus), stations, platforms / bus
terminus etc.. are all “apna” hai…..when this “apnapan”
feeling comes, automatically, many issues would fall in
right track, and every passenger would feel the need to
keep “apna railway” “apna bus stand” clean and neat !
Let’s instill this “apnapan” of Railways to one and all !Campaign to promote Cleanliness
38
Inside Trains / Public Buses
Let us have a campaign in a big way to educate the
passengers, aam admi to maintain hygiene and
cleanliness in railways.
Let us have role famous personalities such as
Bachchans, Tendulkars, Naiwals, Balans, Khans,,
Dhonis, Pawan Kalyans, Vijays et al to campaign for
this.
It would no doubt have great impact and I’m sure, all
these celebrities would readily agree to do this, without
any charge, for nation’s sake !Railway’s Waste can be a source of fuel !
39
Biodegradable waste could be collected in a fixed
stations for energy conservation purposes, to
generate bio gas or converting the same as fuel for
other energy means and similarly, non-
biodegradable waste could be given to others for
recycling, on a contract basis.
If this idea clicks, RAILWAY WASTE COULD BE A
MOBILE FUEL !
Idea may not be totally practical as yet, but let’s
debate it……An idea can change the course of
lifeline of our nation !Railways – Lifeline of the nation !
40
Many may not believe it, but presently 95% of the
wastes (of both types) are thrown out of window by
most of the passengers on either side of track !
Practically, our own people/citizen have made the
either side of railway track as dust bin of the nation,
from Kashmir to Kanyakumari !
Unless we all change this attitude, we cannot call
Indian Railways as our “Lifeline of the nation” !
Let’s stop throwing even a Tea cup out of window !Additional measures to improve cleanliness
in Railway Coaches / Stations - 1
41
Nothing is impossible, and it’s possible to change this
attitude, and the only way, we can do this, by
maintaining cleanliness as cleanliness alone succeeds
cleanliness!
Let’s encourage passengers to use dust bin through mass
campaign & education and if it has to work, we should
first have proper dust bins in place inside the
coaches without fail & proper system of removal of
wastes from that, else people would be forced to throw
the dust outside again through the window.Additional measures to improve cleanliness
in Railway Coaches / Stations - 2
42
Similarly enough dust bins at railway stations /
platforms are must & most of our stations do not have
this in good numbers. With private participation, this
situation can surely improved.
Let us also have campaign to stop unwarranted graffiti
inside the railway coaches.
Importance of cleanliness / waste segregation / need
to maintain coach clean etc. can all be printed on the
back of ticketCleanliness of Toilets in Railway Coaches
43
Clean toilets are another important issue and lot of
design changes are necessary to bring cleanliness in the
toiler to ensure that, water does not spill over.
In the recent times, water tap fitted WC (on the back
side) has come which can help to maintain the toilers
clean & dry !
Present design needs change, as lot of water gets
spilled over in the area and dryness of the toiler cannot
be maintained easily.Cleanliness of Toilets in Railway Coaches –
Western Practice – Feasible in India ?
44
In some of the western countries, entrance to toilets
get blocked 30 min before the station comes in
order to prevent the public from using the station
track as a toilet.
This system, although not easy to implement where
stations are nearby, it can still be tried with longer
distance trains.
Use of Bio Toilets / new technology available in this
area should solve our present problem in this regard7. Cleanliness in Big Cities / Metro
Let our big brother show the way to others..
45
In big cities / metro, where waste generation is more
than 1000 T / day, India needs to introduce better
“waste management” techniques / use of technology
to handle waste !
In China / Germany / US or even in many European
nations, in big cities, waste is sorted and used as fuel
for “waste to energy” power plants for generating
electricity !
This would ensure an effective way of handling waste
without any ill effects and harmful impact on
environment & in the process, helps to keep cities clean!7. Cleanliness in Big Cities / Metro
Let our big brother show the way to others..
46
Indian Big Cities need to a take leaf out of this book
and start converting “waste to wealth”
Our metros like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkatta, Chennai,
B’lore should show the way in handling the waste to
other cities ! ; Let our Delhi dazzle….Mumbai
mesmerize & Garden City revive its glory & so on !
This would make our cities CLEAN & GREEN, apart from
other measures already presented in other slides !A recent update - 1on
‘Waste to Energy’ Plant in China
47 (source : www.waste-management–world.com)
Hong Kong based ‘waste to energy’ project developer,
China Everbright International has won the bid for the
1500 tonne per day Henan Xinzheng City Household
waste to energy project.
Project will be constructed on a BOT (Build-Operate-
Transfer) basis for a concession period of 30 years,
and will be constructed in two phases.
Project phase I designed to handle daily household
waste processing capacity of 1000 tonnes per day
and represents a total investment of approximately
RMB520 million ($84 million)A recent update – 2 on
‘Waste to Energy’ Plant in China
48 (source : www.waste-management–world.com)
To be equipped with two 500 t/d furnaces and one 20
MW electricity generator to generate on-grid electricity.
All gas emissions to comply with the Euro 2000 Standard
and the leachate treatment , which will meet the plant’s
reutilization requirements.
Profits Boom as Chinese Waste to Energy Firm Secures
Gate fee Increases
Hong Kong based waste to energy firm, China Everbright
International (SEHK: 00257) has increased revenue to over
HK$5.3 billion ($686 million) and reported significantly
higher profits for the year ending 31 December 2013.Few related news updates on waste
to energy plants
49 (source : www.waste-management–world.com)
U.S. Waste & Recycling Industry Achieves Record
Employment Levels
No. of people employed by the waste management and
remediation services industry in the U.S. has reached a
record high, according to new statistics from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics
Report: Waste to Energy Technology Could Cut Pollution
from Canadian Cement Industry
Canadian environmental charity, Pollution Probe, has
published research which suggests that the recovery of
energy from waste using would have positive
environmental and economic impacts across Ontario’s
cement sector.8. Public Gardens / Parks / Water Fronts
Let our gardens guard the greenery around !
50
Most of the measures discussed for public places are
applicable for Public gardens as well
Sufficient no. of dust bins at regular locations would ensure
cleanliness
An effective mechanism to clear the dust bins on a daily
basis shall be ensured
Dust bins along water fronts are must, else public will be
forced to throw items in lake / canal etc..
Abroad, most of the Public Garden / Parks will have public
announcement systems which should be started in Indian
parks too - for announcing the above measures as well to
play light Indian music during other times – Refreshing Idea!9. Tourist Spots / Historical Monuments
Let our Tourist Spots be Spotless in cleanliness !
51
Most of the measures discussed for public places /
Gardens are all applicable for Tourist spots as well.
In addition, let’s have dispaly boards of quotable
quotes, catchy slogans on cleanliness / necessity to
maintain the area & clean in strategic locations, without
spoiling the sanctity of the area / tourist spots
Some of these instructions / importance of cleanliness to
maintain the area clean & green can be printed on the
back of entrance ticket
Let’s instill the discipline & sense of maintaining
cleanliness in one & all at the entrance of spots itself !9. Tourist Spots / Historical Monuments
Let our Tourist Spots be Spotless in cleanliness !
52
Entrance of any tourist spots is key, if we maintain it
clean, it’s the way forward to keep the area neat
In addition, if we maintain cleanliness inside all our
tourist spots, every tourist will be forced to maintain
that…..take for instance, two model places …..
Swami Narayan Temple in Delhi – North India or
Vivekanand Rock Memorial in Kanyakumari – South
India, both places are maintained spick and span &
nobody dares to make it dirty…..as,
“CLEANLINESS SUCCEEDS CLEANLINESS !”
“DIRTINESS BREEDS DIRTINESS ! !”10. Cleanliness Public & Government Offices
Let’s believe it - Cleanliness is next to Godliness
53
Maintenance of cleanliness in all Public & Government
offices are also equally important
Unless Government Departments (Central or State)
maintains their office neat, clean and green, one cannot
expect the aam janta janardhan to do better !
No matter, office may look old, even small yet, one can
still make it look neat, clean, lean & green !
Let’s also have 360 deg. view on cleanliness inside our
office……in the sense….remove all cobwebs regularly !Cleanliness Public & Government
54
Offices – Global Practice
Abroad, most of the progressive nations give lot of
importance to ‘Flower pots’ in the entrance as well as
inside the offices & a large no. of them are kept in all
public offices, public places etc.. which gives aesthetically
a neat appearance !
Grass / Greenery / Water bodies / Flowers at the
entrance of any office, would send a positive vibe to
visitors
This is one area, India can certainly do still better !
So, Let’s have a make over ……and make our Govt.
Offices look sleek, leaner, better, cleaner & Greener!Let’s follow these 10 best practices to make
Incredible India…….
55
C lean & G reen
L ean & R adiant
E fficient & E nergetic
A ble & E bulient
N oble & N ice
Incredible India…….can surely then enter
top ten cleanest countries in the world !Last…but not the least ……..
Choice is ours…..Want to change....!
Come 'on India….!!
Every Indian can play his / her part….
…..to make a difference to
….improve the living standards…
of fellow Indian !!!
Let’s change….Let India change for better …. !
….. thanks ****
..… for patient reading
…..of task presentation ! 56You can also read
