North Carolina 2017 State Peanut Production Champion
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SPRING/SUMMER
Spring/Summer 2018 2013 www.aboutpeanuts.com
www.aboutpeanuts.com VOL.66
VOL. 60No.
No.2 4
North Carolina 2017 State Peanut Production
Champion
For the 2017 crop year North Carolina’s State Peanut Yield Cham-
pion is A.J. Smith and Sons of Chowan County. They produced
6,590 lbs per acre on 511 acres. The Smith Operation is truly a
family farm. The four brothers, Jeff, Larry, Fred and Phil along
with their mother Doris and the next generation Daniel and Bran-
don work together; each has as different responsibilities on the di-
versified farm. The Smiths plant peanuts, corn, sage, watermelon,
pumpkins, cucumbers, snaps and small grains, in addition to rais-
ing hogs and cattle. All are active in their church and the NC Farm
Bureau.
Virginia 2017 State Peanut Production Champion
Greg and Seth Edwards, who farm in the Little Texas community
of Southampton County, produced 6064 pounds per acre on 180
acres.
The father and son operation raises mostly peanuts and cotton
along with soybeans and corn. Greg, who began farming on his
own in 1985, grew peanuts until 2002 but started growing them
again along with Seth in 2016. Seth, a fire fighter, also farms some
on his own. The two represent the 4th and 5th generation of their
family to farm. The two are active in community and agricultural
organizations, including Farm Bureau.
Ag Day
“The Perfectly Powerful Peanut”
Ag Day and NCSU baseball celebrated a win over Georgia Tech
on March 23 at Doak Field. The Peanut Mascot along with Miss.
Wolf spread the message of The Perfectly Powerful Peanut.
CALS Dean Richard Linton was there to throw out the first
pitch, and it was a strike. North Carolina Peanut Growers spon-
sors the 7th inning stretch at every home game, where peanuts Miss Wolf and Buddy McNutty
donated by Hampton Farms are thrown to fans. Sally Linton, Buddy McNutty, Richard Linton and Chris (boys will be boys) Linton
PAGE 2 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
South Carolina 2017 - 5000 Pound Club Members
AT McIntosh with Atwood McIntosh Brent Cogdill with L&S Farms Laurel Farms Felkel Farms
The awardees for South Carolina’s 2017 5000 Pound Club were Atwood McIntosh, Delano R. Neece and Sons, Inc., Felkel Farms, Hutto Broth-
ers Partnership, L&S Farms, Laural Farms, and Ronnie Cook. Congratulations to 2017’s awardees on outstanding total farm peanut yields!
North Carolina 2017 - 5000 Pound Club Banquet
On February 28th the Five Thousand Pound Club banquet was held at the Roanoke Country Club in Williamston. There were forty eight pre-
sent to celebrate a great year. For the first time this year we also recognized those producers whose point total was 60 or higher.
SPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 3
ing lower contract prices, the easily strengthen the move there
CO-OP Notes payments received from planting to plant cotton instead of pea-
these acres will be missed and nuts. The loss of generic base
difficult to replace. certainly reduced peanuts in this
area. Dry weather reinforces it
A combination of the elimination since cotton needs less irrigation
of generic acres and lower con- than peanuts.
tract prices have led to lower pea-
nut planting intentions according Argentina is having a serious
to the USDA prospective planting drought issue. Argentina har-
released in late March. Peanut vests when we plant, so peanuts
acreage is forecast to be down in are typically reaching maturity David Jordan
all but 2 states. The nationwide now. Argentina’s problems usu- Extension Peanut Specialist
total is at 1,537,000 acres, or ally start at harvest time when NC State University
Thomas R. Cotton, Jr.
Manager nearly 350,000 acres less than weather becomes uncooperative. Over the past few weeks I have
PGCMA the record planted in 2017. This year the crop will already be
been asked a number of ques-
There is a lot of time before these substantially reduced due to
tions about weed control in
As we close the books on 2017 estimated numbers become actu- drought. This should be a great
al, and I wouldn’t count on this opportunity for the US to supply peanuts. A paraphrase from
and look forward to the 2018
crop, it is important to look at much of a decrease. If it does Europe with our good quality the first line of one question is,
recent developments to see what happen, then better prices could 2017 crop rather than the Argen- “Got a grower in SC that is
effect they may have on the com- be ahead for 2019. tine crop which competes with us desperate to control Palmer in
ing and future crops. It is unusu- there. The more we export, the peanuts.” My answer was,
al to have as many developments As for those other outside influ- better our US supply and de- “Prowl PPI, Valor at 3 oz plus
to happen in such a small ences that are occurring, here are mand situation. a full rate of Dual PRE, para-
amount of time, but it is the situ- a few: quat plus Basagran plus more
ation we find ourselves in. Good luck in getting this crop Dual or Warrant or Zidua
Our Administration’s trade planted. EPOST, then Cadre plus Cobra
I will start with the Farm Bill. policy will affect us in peanuts. if something comes through.”
The intent of at least the House Our two largest peanut export
That is a lot of herbicide and a
Agriculture Committee was to markets are Canada and Mexico,
our two partners in NAFTA. If lot of money but in a bad Palm-
have their bill marked up and out
of Committee by the end of we pull out of NAFTA, we will er amaranth field that may be
March. We now find ourselves in certainly be affected. Europe has what it takes. Before I go fur-
April and not much seems to be placed tariffs on peanut butter ther, there are several formu-
happening due to disagreements we export to them due to our tar- lations of flumioxazin that
among members over the nutri- iffs on some of their products. work well, there are several
tion title of the bill. It remains to The China tariff situation could formulations of metolachlor/S-
be seen how long this delay will be far reaching for us. China has metolachlor that are available,
last as most folks are in agree- at times been a tremendous mar- and the same can be said for
ment that, if a Farm Bill will ket for us, particularly when we paraquat and imazapic. And
pass this year, it will have to had excess supplies they could somehow I left off Outlook as a
happen before the August Con- crush. Finally, if the China situ-
possible component in the mix-
gressional recess. ation causes price declines to any
of the traditional crops which
ture with paraquat plus Basa-
There was some action a few compete for acreage with pea- gran. The recommendation I
weeks ago, when Congress nuts, then look for peanut acre- made is “heavy” on the front
passed a change to cotton to age in the southeast to increase end but in many ways that is
Elmhurst Milked Peanuts
make seed cotton a program crop from what was intended. what is needed. Timely appli-
made its debut in January and
eligible for payments. This effec- cation of herbicides to small
comes in regular and chocolate
tively eliminates generic acres We are starting planting sea- weeds along with several resid-
varieties. Peanut milk is
which have caused peanuts to be son with portions of our peanut ual treatments within the first
growing areas experiencing vari-
America's first commercially
planted on excess acres during month of the season is needed
ous levels of drought. This is available plant based milk
the last few years. While most of for Palmer amaranth control.
us acknowledge that generic particularly the case in the made from peanuts. Look for it
in select Walmart's or purchase For these applications, catch-
acres led to supply and demand Southwest. While this may not
issues in the marketplace caus- be unusual, the situation could on Amazon.
Continue on page 4
PAGE 4 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
Jordan continued from page 3 Valor SX (various formula- paraquat plus Basagran will many fields need a postemer-
ing a rain sometime within tions) or Strongarm (PRE) improve early season weed gence application of sethox-
that period is critical for ade- Under current situations with control. Apply paraquat early ydim (several formulations)
quate early season control. increased prevalence of Palmer in the season, no later than 28 and clethodim (several formu-
Playing catch up on Palmer amaranth and traditional days after peanuts emerge, but lations). These herbicides
amaranth is just as expensive broadleaf weeds such as eclip- preferably within the first should be applied as needed
but less effective than being ta, common ragweed, and com- three weeks. because grasses often cause
heavy on the front end. mon lambsquarters, one of peanut pod loss during the dig-
these two herbicides is needed Cobra, Ultra Blazer, Storm, ging process.
So, what I thought I would do in a comprehensive weed man- Basagran (Postemergence)
with this article is add a little agement strategy for peanuts. These herbicides should be ap- Cadre or Pursuit Postemer-
bit of nuance to my recommen- Valor SX provides excellent plied as needed. In fact, many gence
dation above with the follow- rotation options for crops if not most peanut fields will Pursuit is used much less often
ing section out of our 2018 grown the following season, need at least one application of now than in previous years.
Peanut Information guide. I while Strongarm will carry these herbicides. Weed size Cadre (also formulated as Im-
hope this helps as you deal over to corn and grain sor- has a major impact on the de- pose) is a very good herbicide
with problem weeds in peanuts ghum, and there is some con- gree of control obtained with that controls yellow and purple
this coming season. We also cern about carryover to cotton these herbicides. If weeds ex- nutsedge, annual grasses in
have a chapter in that guide on some soils. Weeds present, ceed 3 inches, control is often many cases, and a range of
that includes comments on especially Palmer amaranth, incomplete. When preplant in- broadleaf weeds. The challenge
mixing pesticides. that express resistance to corporated or preemergence with Cadre is presence of re-
Strongarm keep this herbicide herbicides are not applied or sistant Palmer amaranth and
Prowl or Sonalan (PPI) from being a complete answer are marginally effective, grow- carryover potential to cotton
These herbicides are relatively in some fields. Although Valor ers often have to repeat appli- and grain sorghum. Cadre con-
inexpensive and provide early SX is effective early in the sea- cations of these herbicides tinues to be a good option for
season control of grasses and son, the rate used in peanut (2 (Cobra, Storm, and Ultra Blaz- peanut growers as long as they
small-seeded broadleaf weeds. oz/acre) generally does not con- er). Multiple applications in realize carryover potential and
Although Prowl can be applied trol morningglories and will some cases can negatively af- whether or not resistance to
preemergence, it is generally not control other weeds season fect peanut yield. For this rea- this herbicide is present in cer-
more effective incorporated. -long every year. son growers are encouraged to tain fields. Residual herbicides
Sonalan always needs to be have a comprehensive program can be added to improve con-
incorporated. These herbicides Paraquat plus Basagran of preplant incorporated and trol.
are an important part of a plus Dual Magnum (various preemergence herbicides to
comprehensive weed manage- formulations), Outlook, take the pressure off of Cobra, 2,4-DB Postemergence
ment strategy and should al- Warrant, or Zidua Storm, and Ultra Blazer. Note The broadleaf herbicides men-
ways be applied. Given that Palmer amaranth that Storm does not contain tioned above, with the excep-
is present in many fields and sufficient Ultra Blazer to con- tion of paraquat, benefit from
Dual Magnum (various for- that preplant incorporated and trol Palmer amaranth and oth- the addition of 2,4-DB. For ex-
mulations), Outlook, or preemergence herbicides often er weeds, so adding additional ample, when Palmer amaranth
Warrant (PPI or PRE) are incomplete in control due Ultra Blazer to Storm is rec- is slightly larger than the size
These herbicides are im- to weather conditions or poor ommended in some circum- recommended for complete con-
portant in suppressing yellow incorporation, this treatment stances. Residual herbicides trol by Cobra, Ultra Blazer, or
nutsedge, especially Dual Mag- (paraquat, with Gramoxone SL can be added to improve con- Storm, the inclusion of 2,4-DB
num, and provide control of being the most prevalent com- trol. can help obtain complete con-
small-seeded broadleaf weeds mercial product) can often trol. 2,4-DB is often effective
including pigweeds. While clean up fields when applied Postemergence grass herbi- when applied alone, but this is
these herbicides do not control on time, taking pressure off of cides (clethodim and seth- very species dependent. For
weeds for the entire season, other postemergence options. oxydim are active ingredi- example, common cocklebur
they provide good early season Basagaran reduces injury from ents in these herbicides) can be controlled completely by
control and are an important paraquat. In fields with known Preplant incorporated and 2,4-DB. 2,4-DB is also a viable
foundation of a comprehensive histories of Palmer amaranth preemergence herbicides often option for suppression of es-
weed management strategy for and other problematic weeds, control annual grasses through capes of sicklepod and Palmer
peanuts. applying Dual Magnum, Out- midseason and sometimes late amaranth when applied se-
look, Warrant or Zidua with into the season. However, quentially.
SPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 5
One‑third of Americans have
Sutter Sez Peanut Institute has been con-
ducting peanut nutrition re- high blood pressure, and many
ent reason. The policy in the
past was to wait until a child
search for more than twenty may not even know they have it. was 2 years old before introduc-
years. High blood pressure increases ing peanuts to their diet. The
your risk of heart disease and National Peanut Board funded a
Now, extensive research shows stroke, and scientists have study with Dr. Lack to find out
that peanuts, peanut butter, learned that the dietary choices the best time to feed peanuts to
and peanut oil all help to pre- we make can have an impact on children. After a study of a large
vent chronic diseases, including blood pressure. Peanuts contrib- number of subjects it was
heart disease, diabetes, and can- uted healthy plant protein and proved that peanut products
cer. Peanuts, peanut butter, and healthy unsaturated fats to di- should be given to babies as
peanut oil have potent lipid low- ets in addition to micronutrients soon as they can eat solids, typi-
ering effects and may act to re- and bioactives. When part of a cally at about 6 months. Hope-
Robert R. Sutter duce inflammation, one of the healthy diet, peanuts, peanut fully this change will result in
Chief Executive Officer
North Carolina underlying mechanisms contrib- butter, and peanut oil, which drastically reduced incidences of
Peanut Growers Association uting to chronic disease. Studies are high in unsaturated fats, peanut allergies in the future.
continue to show that the pea- can help you keep this silent
nut’s unique nutrient profile condition in check. When Genetically Modified Or-
Why I’m Optimistic and bioactive components play a ganisms (GMO) became part of
beneficial role in many areas of Peanut eaters are leaner. Re- the Agricultural scene several
U.S. Agriculture is sending search shows that kids who eat
health and disease prevention. decades ago, the peanut indus-
more and more of its production peanuts at least once a week are try made the decision not to use
overseas, and peanut exports less likely to be overweight or
About a handful of peanuts eat- GMO’s in development of new
continue to be important. Every obese. Adults can also benefit
en five or more times a week varieties. It was felt that GMO
two years, the American Peanut from eating peanuts every day.
can cut the risk of heart disease peanut butter would not be ac-
Council Export Committee con- Eating peanuts or peanut butter
in half. Even eating peanuts cepted by American Moms. Ge-
ducts the International Peanut for breakfast helps control hun-
just twice a week can reduce netics has developed rapidly
Forum (IPF). This year’s meet- ger throughout the day.
your risk of death from heart over the past 15 years, so the
ing was held on April 11-13 in
disease by 24%. That means peanut industry raised $6 mil-
Athens, Greece. As Vice- Peanut eating girls lower their
adding a small serving of pea- lion to map the peanut genome.
Chairman of the Export Com- breast cancer risk. Research
nuts to your diet can have pre- That project has been completed
mittee, I attended the meeting shows that girls who consumed
ventative effects similar to that and now peanut breeders will be
and as a result, I am very opti- peanuts at least twice a week
of certain prescription drugs. able to identify desired traits
mistic about the future of pea- cut their risk of benign breast and use them in traditional
nuts. It is already an important disease in young adulthood by
Peanuts help keep arteries flexi- breeding and cut time to the re-
part of most Americans life and up to 44%.
ble. The human body has miles lease of new varieties in half.
diet. It is also an important crop
of arteries, veins and capillaries. Dr. Steve Brown of the Peanut
for many U.S. farmers. So There have been studies that
These blood vessels carry oxy- Foundation and Dr. Scott Jack-
whether you are a consumer or show that peanuts, when in-
gen and nutrients throughout son of the University of Georgia
a farmer, I think the rest of this cluded in a healthy diet, provide
the body and must remain flexi- talked about how this was going
column will be interesting. protective benefits that are es-
ble in order to work properly. to revolutionize plant breeding
Research shows that the sential for healthy aging. They in the future. As new pests or
At this year’s IPF, over 300 at- include stroke prevention, in-
healthy mono‑ and polyunsatu- diseases surface, it will allow
tended, representing peanut creased vision health, improve
rated fats in peanuts lower breeders to give producers vari-
farmers, shellers, manufactur- heart health, aid in weight con-
blood cholesterol and signifi- eties that directly address their
ers, buyers and sellers from trol, reduce risk of Type-2 diabe-
cantly reduce the risk of heart needs.
over 30 Countries. Program tes, improve skin health, and
disease.
speakers covered issues of great improve brain function. So considering all of the above, I
interest to those in attendance.
Diabetes, especially Type-2, is a think you can see why I am opti-
One topic that should be of in- Dr. Gideon Lack, King’s College
growing problem. Research pro- mistic. Peanuts are nutritious,
terest to readers of this paper in London, is a renowned expert
vides evidence that peanuts and tasty and have tons of health
was health and nutrition, which on peanut allergy. He has con-
peanut butter are healthy food benefits. We are making great
was the subject of Dr. Darlene ducted numerous studies on
choices and, when substituted strides in the fight to control
Cowart’s presentation. Darlene causes and treatment of peanut
for meats and refined carbohy- and reduce peanut allergies.
is Chair of the Peanut Institute allergy. Over the past 20 years
drates in the diet, can lower the And we have figured out how to
and Food Safety specialist for peanut allergies have been on
risk of type 2 diabetes. genetically improve peanuts
Birdsong Peanut Company. The the increase, without any appar- without GMO’s.
PAGE 6 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
So Long from the NCSU Peanut Breeder
peanut variety development in Seems to me a competent practi- peanut breeder in terms of hitting
the private sector in this area nor tioner of plant breeding is what is the ground running, is not abso-
are there any public programs in needed. Both are what we have in lutely essential to long term suc-
neighboring states unless you Dr. Dunne. cess. I knew both the two inter-
count the runner-type program in nal candidates for this job; both
Georgia which does border North There was a good deal of talk were in my opinion sharp individ-
Carolina along the western part within the department about uals who could do a creditable job
of our state. However, the Vir- avoiding “inbreeding,” the hiring in the position. I did not know
ginia-Carolina area produces of a person who obtained graduate the external candidates beyond
mostly Virginia-type, not runner- training here. This is not an un- what I was able to learn during
Thomas G. Isleib type peanuts. Growers in this common view in academia, but it their interviews, but the search
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences
North Carolina State University production region depend on the is especially prevalent in the Mid- committee was composed of col-
NCSU breeding program for new west. I heard it frequently while leagues whose opinions I value.
Had a gander at Dr. David Jor- varieties. Ms. Isleib, bless her, working at Michigan State Uni- They did an excellent job of iden-
dan’s article in the Winter 2018 has averred to me that, if the new versity and expect it is a view tifying good candidates even
issue of the V-C Peanut News, breeder is some kind of schlub shared by NCSU’s Chancellor and though none of the interviewees
and he said that after my depar- who cannot produce better varie- CALS’ Dean, both Purdue men. had any previous peanut experi-
ture from NCSU, I would be “be ties (which Jeff is not), then Again, I have some contrarian ence.
missed both for [my] wit and the growers will continue to use my thoughts:
varieties [I] released.” Well, he’s older releases, and we will get a (1) The best person is the best In the meantime, we completed
half right about the wit part, as greater personal share of seed person, regardless of where he or our 2017 plot harvest. All our
in “Uncle Tommy is sort of a half- royalties. I do like money but she was trained, and we do a good plots were dug and picked; all
wit.” Regarding the varieties, I prefer not to think that way: job of training here at NCSU. project members remain in pos-
hope you readers have made lots growers should look forward to a (2) Receiving a PhD from session of their lives, limbs, and
of money with them. NCSU’s De- continual stream of improved re- NCSU does not appear to have digits. As always, there are some
partment of Crop and Soil Scienc- leases. Besides, new varieties been an impediment to success in lines that look mighty good based
es, the N.C. Agricultural Re- have a finite lifetime, even good peanut breeding here. Johnny on our in-house data, but it would
search Service, and the College of ones as Bailey has proven to be. Wynne came to NCSU from Bear- be premature to identify them by
Agriculture and Life Sciences Dr. Dunne’s new ones will be grass, NC, in Martin County at number before we collect more
(CALS) have completed their in- even better. the age of 18 and stayed over 50 data, including grade, from more
ternational search for a new pea- years. He was eminently success- locations and years. I have seen
nut breeder. We interviewed four (2) The new person must sur- ful. I got my PhD under Dr. the results from Dr. Maria
candidates (it is a bit like attend- vive in the academic environment Wynne here and have done okay Balota’s seven-trial 2017 Peanut
ing your own funeral to go to of CALS, i.e., Jeff must bring in since 1990. That makes two pea- Variety and Quality Evaluation
those) and have chosen Dr. Jef- money and publish in reputable nut breeders getting degrees here (PVQE) program, our three-state
frey C. “Jeff” Dunne out of 64 ap- journals. If he moves away either out of four total since 1944. The “official variety test.” All our ad-
plicants. Dr. Dunne started his because of a better job opportuni- other two did not get their PhDs vanced breeding lines must pass
new duties on February 1. Soon I ty (which could happen) or be- at NCSU. Dr. Walton C. “W.C.” successfully through that pro-
will be out of his way, and he can cause he failed to achieve tenure Gregory was the first full-time gram to be considered for release.
get on with applying novel plant (which will not), then NCSU will peanut breeder here – he did de- We had 19 lines entered in that
breeding techniques to Virginia- be right back in search mode. velop the successful variety, NC 2, test series last season: 14 “new”
type peanuts. Few things hurt a breeding pro- but his reputation really was ones that we had previously test-
gram more than stopping and made by his involvement in muta- ed in-state but were entered in
Of course I had my own opinions starting it over and over. Breed- tion breeding after World War II the PVQE trials for a first year in
of the candidates, but my only ing progress typically is incre- and by his work with wild diploid 2017, 4 for a second year, and 1
real criteria were these: (1) The mental and constant. It requires South American Arachis species. for a third year. I do not see a
new breeder must recognize that sustained effort, the main reason Dr. Don Emery survived here aca- line that should be released to you
Job 1 of the position is the deliv- I argued to hire an interim breed- demically but did not release any this spring.
ery of improved varieties to the er with whom I would overlap for wildly successful varieties. I feel
region’s growers. It is immaterial a season so as to pass along what confident that, in spite of his hav-
if those improvements come from knowledge and experience I ing been a student here, Dr.
conventional breeding, from in- could. It is imperative that the Dunne will do a great job for you
corporation of useful traits from new breeder be in the position growers.
related wild species, or from long-term, but it is of less concern
marker-assisted selection. There that the new breeder brings to Experience in peanut breeding,
are no programs of Virginia-type the department some new skill. while definitely a plus for a new
SPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 7
Continuation of the NCSU Peanut Breeding Program
what it takes to be a peanut breeding program, respectively, have a wrench to slow down the
breeder at NCSU. During my four before being tasked with estab- water pressure.
years at MSU, I had always been lishing a reputable turfgrass
interested in plant physiology breeding program. I hope you I’d like to add a quick update re-
and pathology (I wouldn’t be my can begin to see how I became garding the program and the
father’s son if I didn’t take some interested in the peanut breeding transition. I have made my first
interest in his work). I was also a position. In addition to my Ph.D. set of crosses in the greenhouses
four-year letter winner in men’s with Dr. Milla-Lewis, I also re- this spring and have harvested
ice hockey and won the 2007 ceived a second master’s degree the hybrids. These will be plant-
Jeffrey C. Dunne NCAA national championship; in advanced analytics from the ed this summer for our back-
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences though, if you ask around the Institute for Advanced Analytics crossing program before being
North Carolina State University
MSU campus, I was proudest af- here at NC State. Someone had sent to our winter nursery for
ter becoming an academic all- the foresight to put a couple of another generation of develop-
It has been quite the adventure American. I studied turfgrass ment. We are currently getting
plant breeders into an analytics
becoming the next peanut breeder management and physiology and all of the seed for the variety de-
program to help in the manage-
at North Carolina State Universi- had worked as an undergraduate velopment program and collabo-
ment of Big Data (thank you
ty (NCSU) and this might be the researcher for Dr. Trey Rogers, ration projects counted, sorted
Charlie Stuber). After completing
best time to share some of my most notably recognized for his and ready for planting in May.
my degrees, I was hired in 2016
background and a prelude to my efforts in golf course reconstruc- Hopefully everything will go
by Dr. Jim Holland of the United
first three months on the job. I tion and the development of mod- smoothly and I can get things
States Department of Agriculture
grew up in the Midwest, moving ular turf systems to be used in going in the field on the right
(USDA-ARS) to work on maize
from Wisconsin to Texas, then to indoor athletic stadiums. His foot.
breeding and to harness DNA se-
Michigan and finally Missouri. I modular field systems were used quencing to predict inbred and
often get asked if I’m from a mili- initially in the ’93 World Cup hybrid performance.
tary family after naming all of (Silverdome, Detroit, MI) and DC Rock n Roll
places I’ve lived (this represents have been implemented all over Health and Fitness Expo
All of these experiences led me to
about half). Nope. My dad was a the world for use in Olympic and March 8-9, 2018 at the DC Armory
apply for the peanut breeding po-
researcher in clinical microbiolo- National Football League (NFL) sition left behind by Dr. Tom
gy and had a passion for teaching. stadiums. Before I decided to re- Isleib and based on the varieties
He would go from university to turn to MSU for graduate school, he released and the care he took
university establishing or reviv- I did a brief stint in professional to develop the program to the
ing fellowship programs with the hockey playing in Florida and stature it is today, there are big
goals of training the next genera- Georgia for the respective farm shoes to fill. I was hired in Febru-
tion of researchers in infectious teams of the Florida Panthers, ary of this year and it has been a
disease diagnostics. Carolina Hurricanes and the At- relatively smooth transition and
lanta Thrashers (since moved to I’m sincerely grateful for the time
This was only the beginning of Winnipeg, Canada). After a few I have and will spend with Tom
my cross-country experiences be- bumps on the head that seeming- before he retires back up to Mich-
fore landing this illustrious posi- ly corrected my career path, I re- igan at the end of May. Through-
tion. I had grown up playing turned to complete a master’s de- out February, I had been describ-
hockey and would eventually use gree in plant breeding and bio- ing my new experiences as the
my development to fund my col- technology at MSU, working on peanut breeder and assistant pro-
lege education. I left home when I Kentucky bluegrass evaluations fessor at NCSU like, “drinking
was 15 to play junior hockey (pre- for traffic, herbicide and disease water from a fire hydrant”. Un-
college development leagues), tolerances. doubtedly, it will take time to ad-
which is the ideal league to at-
just to the intricacies of the pea-
tract college scouts and coaches in I had my sights set on continuing nut breeding program and my
attempts to secure a Division-1 on for doctorate degree and was responsibilities to the academic
scholarship. I had played for two fortunate to find a bright and ac- community. Be confident, since
years in Chicago before being re- complished plant breeder at the beginning of my work here I
cruited on a scholarship to my NCSU in the early stages of de- have attained a better under-
first land-grant institution, Mich- veloping a turfgrass breeding pro- standing of the peanut crop and
igan State University (MSU). gram. It just so happens that Dr. the peanut breeding program,
Turns out, my predecessor, Dr. Susana Milla-Lewis had also and with the constant berating of
Tom Isleib, was also from this been a student and associate of Tom with a seemingly endless list
university so I feel like I had Dr. Tom Isleib and the peanut of questions, I feel like I now
some great insight or intuition in
PAGE 8 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
2017 County Peanut P
North Carolina
Bertie County Bladen County Chowan County Columbus County
DEL AG. INC McDuffie Farms A.J. Smith and Sons W & S Farms
503.93 acres 5,617.8 lbs. per acre 276.7 acres 5,581.8 lbs. per acre 511.54 acres 6,591 lbs. per acre 400 acres 6,149 lbs. per acre
Edgecombe County Gates County Halifax County Hertford County
Rest-A-Bit Farms Dennis Trotman Michael Morris Earl White & Son
298.17 acres 4,896.1 lbs. per acre 818.92 acres 5,417.4 lbs. per acre 207.9 acres 5,944 lbs. per acre 286.65 acres 5,527.2 lbs. per acre
Martin County Nash County Northampton County Perquimans County
Ben Cowin Fisher Farm Partnership Burgess Farms Partnership Winslow Brothers
180.7 acres 5,664.6 lbs. per acre 216.3 acres 5,239 lbs. per acre 147.6 acres 6,320.8 lbs. per acre 75.6 acres 5,560.2 lbs. per acre
SPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 9
Production Champions
Virginia
Washington County City of Suffolk Dinwiddie County Greensville County
Albemarle Beach Farms Jason & Dale Holland Billy Bain Tom & Brandon Clements
291.56 acres 5,128.5 lbs. per acre 350.6 acres 200 acres 175.1 acres
5,441 lbs. per acre 4,432 lbs. per acre 4,946 lbs. per acre
Isle of Wight County Southampton County Surry County
Wilson County John Allen Seth & Greg Edwards Henry Goodrich
R. J. Hinnant and Sons 119.1 acres 180 acres 110 acres
366 acres 4,508 lbs. per acre 5,526 lbs. per acre 6,064 lbs. per acre 5,736 lbs. per acre
North Carolina Peanut Growers honor Senior
Club Member with Highest Scholastic Aver-
age: G PA 3.63. Dalton Jensen is a senior ma-
joring in Agricultural Science. Dalton is from
Stella, NC in Carteret County. His family has a
Pitt County farm in Nebraska that he has the opportunity to
HD&L Enterprises work on from time to time. He also works for a
155.96 acres 4,852.8 lbs. per acre farmer in Stella. His association with the
Agronomy Club has led him be an ambassador
for agriculture from now on. He has met people
that will remain friends after graduation. Dalton
is currently serving as one of two Sergeant at
Arms for the club which means he is responsi-
ble for getting enough food to each meeting to
feed 40 plus members.
Sussex County
J Wyatt Cox Dalton participated in Ag Awareness Week, Southern Farm Show, Warmth for Wake,
144.5 acres State Fair and Operation Christmas Child.
5,751 lbs. per acre
PAGE 10 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
Peanut Variety and Quality Evaluation - 50 Years of Variety Development
Mozingo, Fred Shokes and bility; oil profile, and pod data, yields of the new culti-
Hugh Pitman from Virginia brightness (Picture 1). Re- vars released in the past dec-
Tech are among the “veterans” sults from the PVQE tests are ade weighted in average 800 to
of the project that I know of. available on the Virginia Coop- 1000 pounds per acre more
Contributors that are more re- erative Extension website at that the yields of the cultivars
cent to the program count http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/author/b/ released in the 90’s (Fig. 1).
among others Jay Chapin, balota-maria-res.html. Among the priorities of the
Scott Monfort and Dan Anco at current PVQE multi-state pro-
Clemson and me, the current The project has a good repre- ject, development of Virginia-
PVQE leader. sentation of all segments of type cultivars with the high
Maria Balota peanut industry: farmers, oleic oil chemistry was deter-
Pathology, Physiology Among the cultivars released shellers, processors, advi- mined as the most important
and Weed Sciences
Virginia Tech Tidewater AREC since 1968 when the program sors, seed and food offi- for the VC region. Increased
started, ‘CHAMPS’, ‘Brantley’, cials, and researchers, oleic and decreased linoleic
Virginia-type peanut is an im- ‘Phillips’, ‘NC 17’, ‘NC Fla 14’, which ensures rapid accepta- fatty acid content, the so-
portant commodity for farmers ‘NC 6’, ‘NC 7’, ‘NC 8C’ , ‘NC 9’, bility of the new cultivars. called ‘high oleic’ trait im-
in the VC region. Breeding ‘NC 10C’, ‘NC-V 11’, ‘NC 12C’, They represent the PVQE Ad- proves peanut shelf life, reduc-
this type of peanut starts at ‘Gregory’, ‘Perry’, ‘VA 72R’, ‘VA visory Committee and meet es rancidity, and increases
the North Carolina State Uni- 81B, ‘VA-C 92R’, ‘VA 93B’, ‘VA once a year in March to discuss safety for consumers. In the
versity’s Peanut Breeding Pro- 98R’, and ‘Wilson’ were devel- the industry needs (Picture 2). future of the program, we will
gram and continues with test- oped but they are no longer Farmers Taylor Slade and Dan continue to prioritize the de-
ing across Virginia, North Car- grown. The most recent culti- McDuffy in North Carolina al- velopment of ‘high oleic’ pea-
olina, and South Carolina be- vars are ‘Bailey’, ‘Sugg’, low us to use their land for nut cultivars but also place
fore release decisions are ‘Titan’, ‘Sullivan’, ‘Wynne’, PVQE testing, and Taylor emphasis on the development
made. This multi-state testing ‘Emery’, and ‘Bailey II’ and Slade pays for the meals at the of cultivars with drought toler-
is known as the Peanut Varie- they were released from 2008 PVQE Pre-harvest Field Tour ance and better flavor.
ty and Quality Evaluation to 2017. These cultivars have taking place each year on his
(PVQE) and it is possible be- been selected based on yield; a property since 1972 (Picture 3).
cause of the effort of numerous full line grading (Jumbo & Working with these farmers is
researchers across the region. Fancy, FM, LSK, ELK, rewording. Even more reword-
For example, Tom Isleib, the SELK, SMK, OK, SS, DK, ing is when we can report to
NCSU breeder, Terry Cofelt, TM, crop value); blancha- them and all other farmers in
the Virginia breeder, Walt the VC region that breeding
progress is real. For example,
based on the multi-state PVQE
Picture 1. Technicians and activi- Picture 2. A round table with mem-
ties of the current PVQE program. bers of the PVQE Advisory Commit-
From the left upper corner to the tee at the annual meeting in March.
right: Frank Bryant getting ready for
planting peanuts; Doug Redd using a
medium size sheller and sorter for
the blanchability testing; Carolyn
Daughtrey sorting for loose shelled
kernels and foreign material; Austen
Sexton preparing pods for testing
brightness; Anita Acharya perform-
ing grading.
Picture 3. Looking at the breeding
lines in the pipeline of release at the Figure 1. Genetic progress in yield
PVQE Pre-Harvest Field Tour annu- through breeding at the NCSU
ally organized at Taylor Slade Farm Breeding Program as reflected in
near Williamston, NC. the PVQE testing.SPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 11
amazing to me the number of To celebrate March being Na- also have a PB&J party during
folks who drink alternative tional Peanut Month, the Asso- which 2000 peanut butter and
milks, especially almond milk. ciation once again purchased 2 jelly sandwiches will be pre-
If our new milk can capture pallets of peanut butter for do- pared for food relief distribu-
some of this business it will be nation to Virginia’s food bank tion through Feeding America
a success. system. These 2 pallets were of SW Virginia. Finally, we
combined with 6 pallets from will participate in the Rich-
I want to again congratulate Peanut Proud for a total of mond stock car race event in
our county yield winners and 11,520 jars. One pallet was late April with a booth, grand-
our state winners, Greg and delivered to each of the 7 Food stand and track wall sign, and
Thomas R. Cotton, Jr., Seth Edwards. I believe this Bank distribution centers in internet ads promoting Virgin-
Executive Secretary is our second year with a win- the state and one pallet was ia Peanuts.
Virginia Peanut Growers Association
ner averaging over 6000 sent to Cooperative Ministry in
This fall and winter has been pounds. These producers Franklin. We also have been promoting
the usual busy time for peanut show what can happen when Virginia peanuts on Facebook
promotions. We once again you combine good varieties, Numerous events will take ads through a firm in SC
sponsored UVA sports, with solid rotations, and a little place in April. I will attend which has a working relation-
LED displays at home football help from Mother Nature. the Virginia Nutrition and Die- ship with Marianne. This has
games along with men’s and tician Conference where we seemed to be successful and I
women’s basketball games. We again exhibited in March are a sponsor. Sherry Cole- hope has laid a foundation
This was accompanied by ra- at the Rock & Roll Marathon man Collins of the National that we can continue to build
dio ads and social media cov- in Washington where runners Peanut Board will speak to the on in future promotion efforts.
erage. With UVA having a got samples of our peanuts group about peanut allergies.
very successful men’s basket- and of peanut butter. Our Later in April will be Peanut You can see our reach is across
ball season we at least have booth is a hit with many of the Day at a dining hall at Virgin- many different directions in
had a good string of years to attendees who are used to us ia Tech to expose students to trying to promote and expose
have this promotion with having an exhibit. peanuts and peanut recipes folks to Virginia peanuts.
them to raise awareness of they will be served. We will
Virginia peanuts.
Our annual meeting capped
off the 2017 crop year. My Peanut Day at Tech
thanks to extension and Vir-
ginia Tech for the cooperation On April 19 the Virginia Peanut
Growers Association, the National
so that we can have one pro-
Peanut Board, and Virginia Tech
duction meeting. My thanks Dining Services teamed up for Pea-
to each of you who attended nut Day held at DZ dining hall on
and I hope you took home the Tech campus. Students enjoyed
some useful information that peanut themed entrees, desserts,
you learned while there. It and side dishes made by Tech chefs.
seems there are always new Two exhibits and information
booths were in operation all day
peanut products coming, par- where students could receive T-
ticularly with peanut butter shirts and other peanut infor-
being used as an ingredient. mation. Peanut milk samples were Alan Grant, Dean School of Ag and Dell Cotton Students enjoying Peanut Day
Seldom, though, have we seen also passed out and students saw
a new product that is located live peanut plants. In addition,
in a whole new category, as when the dining hall closed for the
afternoon break, 2150 peanut but-
peanut milk is. I’m glad we ter and jelly sandwiches were pre-
could sample it at the meeting pared and packaged for distribution
and I hope you will buy some to local schools by Feeding America
when given the opportunity. I Southwest Virginia. The day was
have taken the milk with me scheduled during Tech’s Earth Day
to a couple of shows and have celebration, where the sustainabil-
ity of peanuts was featured.
passed out samples. It is
Paul Rogers, III Sandwiches for Feeding America Southwest,PAGE 12 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
Which Insecticides Provide the Biggest Benefit?
member that Dr. Bill Campbell and A good question to ask, however, is trial, but it has been a lot of times
I would discuss how at planting whether or not those treatments re- throughout all of the peanut pro-
thrips control always provided a ally produced increased profits. ducing areas of North Carolina.
yield boost in North Carolina and Just because everyone is doing it, We’ve done this in early planted
Virginia and how our friends from doesn’t necessarily mean it’s the peanuts, late planted peanut, in
Georgia, Florida, and Alabama said best thing to do. Well the answer cool springs, in warm springs, un-
thrips control was a waste of mon- to that question is a resounding der all kinds of conditions. There
ey. We all had data to show to “YES”, at plant insecticide applica- has been one consistent trend. We
prove our point. tions provide an economic benefit almost always see a yield response.
virtually 100% of the time. I am The improved yield and profits that
The reality is that the shorter grow- sure there are a few isolated fields result from this application make
ing season in North Carolina and that in a given year do not see us feel very comfortable that it is a
Rick Brandenburg
Entomology Extension Specialist North
Virginia plays a big role in the po- enough thrips damage to result in a practice that is worth considering.
Carolina State University tential negative impact of thrips yield loss, but most of the time, we The at plant application and this
feeding early in the season. With a see a significant benefit from the post emergence foliar spray seem
Insect and mites in peanuts are not shorter window of growing and less use of these insecticides at planting. to always give the crop a boost that
the biggest problems we face each time to recover from early season This benefit comes exclusively sets it up well of the upcoming sea-
year. In fact, they are usually a rel- stunting, the impact of thrips dam- from the reduced damage from son.
atively modest threat in most fields, age after emergence is a very con- thrips feeding and the improved
but some are capable of doing a lot sistent problem in our area. While early season growth of the peanut Consistency is important in agri-
of damage or adding a significant it is true that peanut growers in plant. Early season stunting can too culture and controlling thrips is
amount to the cost of production. Georgia, Alabama, and Florida now often show up as reduces yields at ALWAYS a practice that will pro-
But year in and year out, we rarely treat for thrips, much of the motiva- harvest. vide a nice return on that invest-
have serious insect and mite prob- tion for early season thrips manage- ment. We do not have any re-
lems in peanuts. Like diseases, ment in those states was driven by I am less concerned about which sistance to thrips in our cultivars,
most of our insect problems are re- the impact of tomato spotted wilt product is used at plant, but more but we do have good products that
lated to weather conditions. Wet virus starting almost 20 years ago. focused that the product is applied provide the desired response. The
weather may increase rootworms in furrow at planting. Early planted peanut plant responds well to
while dry weather may increase the So we have treated for thrips in the peanuts usually suffer the most thrips control and we see the bene-
likelihood for spider mite out- Virginia-Carolinas production area from thrips damage due in part to fits at harvest. So there should be
breaks. for as long as most of us can re- slower growth from cooler temper- no questions as to whether a pea-
member. We have looked at pre- atures. Earlier planted peanuts are nut grower is going to treat for
So which insecticide applications ventive, in-furrow, at plant ap- also at an increased risk of tomato thrips at planting and based upon
are really giving us a return on our proaches and we have tried not spotted wilt virus. So each and the studies that Dr. Jordan and I
investment? That is a question eve- treating at plant, scouting, and fol- every year there are two potential have conducted over the years,
ry peanut grower should ask each low up foliar sprays. Over the benefits from early season thrips there should be little or no question
and every year. We don’t want to years, the use of insecticides in the control. The first is to get the plant about the value of a follow up foli-
be spending money without know- furrow applied at planting have be- off to a good start and give the pea- ar spray after crop emergence.
ing if there is value in that expendi- come the standard for control. Vir- nut plant the best chance to growth These approaches pay a nice return
ture. Modern pest management tually everyone takes that ap- without the stunting caused by on your investment. Every year!
products are usually quite effective proach. We’ve used a number of thrips feeding. The second benefit While treating at plant and at the
in the control they provide, but they products over the years and the is the reduction in the chance of a follow up foliar spray is an added
are also more expensive than prod- ones we recommend today all pro- tomato spotted wilt virus outbreak. expense, it is one that you can be
ucts of the past and we need to vide excellent control of thrips. Please keep in mind that the use of confident pays off in yield, quality,
know if their use produces in- Many years ago we did a lot of an at plant insecticide on peanuts and profits. It’s a wise pest man-
creased profits. studies focused on not treating for does not prevent tomato spotted agement decision.
thrips at planting, then scouting the wilt virus, but it does help reduce
Thirty years ago, I used to attend an crop, and applying a foliar insecti- the incidence of the disease in the
annual workshop in Atlanta with all cide if necessary. A couple of con- field. Early planting, lower plant
of the other entomologists who sistent observations were made. populations, susceptible varieties,
worked on peanuts. In those days First, most fields did need to be and other cultural factors play the
every state had one and in some treated anyway, often the weather biggest role in determining the lev-
cases two entomologists who did prevented a timely application of el of virus in the field.
research on managing insects that the insecticide, and finally when
damage peanuts. We would meet tomato spotted will virus became a David Jordan and I have also evalu-
for a day and a half to discuss last problem in 2001 and 2002, the idea ated the use of an acephate foliar
year’s results and the upcoming of not treating for thrips at planting spray at 2-3 weeks after peanut
year’s research plans. I clearly re- went out the window. emergence. I am not sure how
many times we have conducted thisSPRING/SUMMER 2018 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS PAGE 13
years or more. irrigated fields on a calendar Once the season gets underway,
schedule rather than using making timely sprays and
Notice that leaf spot risk is nev- weather-based leaf spot adviso- scouting top the list of things a
er zero, even with very long ro- ries. grower can do to reduce leaf
tations or on new ground. spot risk. Check the label and
Spores of the leaf spot fungus Several other things not includ- the NC Agricultural Chemicals
can get a foothold after they ed in the risk index can in- Manual for recommended spray
blow in from neighboring fields crease the risk of leaf spots. intervals and rates. Use caution
or even other states. Once Weather is by far the most im- when using extended intervals
spores arrive, it may only take a portant of these. Our typical between sprays. During periods
few humid days for a leaf spot warm humid nights are very of rapid vine growth, using an
Barbara Shew favorable for leaf spot, with or extended interval schedule
epidemic to get started if plants
Plant Pathology - NCSU
are not protected. without rain, but rain compli- could leave many newly
cates matters further. Wet emerged leaves unprotected.
Leaf Spot Worries: Cultivar: While Bailey’s perfor- weather leads to delayed Similarly, good spray coverage
Managing Leaf Spot Risk mance may have slipped a bit, sprays, delayed harvests, and can help to protect the lower
Bailey, Sullivan and Wynne fungicide wash-off or weather- leaves where leaf spots usually
My last article in Virginia- still perform better than older ing. Shorter spray intervals or get started.
Carolina Peanut News raised cultivars and compare favorably additional sprays may be called
questions and concerns about with the most resistant runner for in wet summers and falls. Determining leaf spot risk is an
the performance of some com- types. Bailey and Sullivan also By the same logic, sprays may inexact science and questions
monly used fungicides against seem to be able to maintain need to start earlier in the sea- about fungicide performance
leaf spots. This summer’s obser- yield under leaf spot pressure. son the further south you go in make prediction even harder.
vations and research should the state because of generally Growers should stay alert for
start to answer those questions, History: Growers need to be es- more favorable weather for dis- leaf spot problems, no matter
but in the meantime growers pecially careful in fields that ease. what a risk tool says or how me-
need to make leaf spot manage- have had leaf spot problems in ticulously they spray. This
ment decisions. Fortunately, the past. These fields are likely Risk of leaf spot may be reduced means regular scouting. Check
growers have several ways to to have leaf spot problems again in dry seasons, or during peri- low or shady areas of a field es-
manage the risk of leaf spot because of higher spore loads, ods of low humidity. It is im- pecially carefully because these
damage and yield loss before all more favorable environment, or portant to hold off on leaf spot are likely to be first places that
the data are in. a highly aggressive pathogen sprays during long periods of leaf spots develop. Leaf spot
population compared to average hot dry weather to reduce the starts to increase in pockets.
Most importantly, know your fields. Problem fields will bene- risk of spider mite outbreaks. Act quickly with additional
leaf spot risk and adjust your fit from longer rotations than is Be sure to consult leaf spot ad- sprays if more than 20% of the
management program based on needed for fields that have a visories to confirm low leaf spot leaves in any part of the field
that risk. Leaf spot risk points history of good control. risk before delaying sprays. have spots. It is too late to con-
assigned by the Virginia- Other things that may reduce trol a leaf spot epidemic once it
Carolina Peanut Risk Manage- Cultural practices: Reduced till- leaf spot risk include fields with is active across an entire field.
ment tool can help you assess age and early planting (before good airflow and little shade,
the likelihood of leaf spot prob- May 21) also will reduce leaf isolated fields, good vine con-
lems in a given field. spot risk a little. Irrigation will trol, and timely harvest.
increase leaf spot risk. Treat
Production practices that
affect leaf spot risk Practice Worst case Points Best case Points
(see table) Rotation Continuous peanut 33 No peanut > 4 years 8
Rotation: As you can see, long Cultivar Highly susceptible 30 Bailey, Sullivan, 10
rotation has the biggest single Wynne
effect on the risk of leaf spot History Poor control 15 Excellent control 5
problems. Growers can reduce Irrigation Frequent 15 None 5
leaf spot risk points by two-
thirds (from 33 to 11 points) Planting date After May 21 10 Before May 21 5
just by growing peanut in three- Tillage Conventional 10 Reduced 5
year rotations compared to con-
Total Risk 113 38
tinuous peanut. Risk is at its
lowest after rotations of four Low risk = 38 to 60 points; Moderate risk = 61 to 86 points; High risk = 85 to 113 pointsPAGE 14 VIRGINIA-CAROLINAS PEANUT NEWS SPRING/SUMMER 2018
(imidacloprid), A g L o g i c three of these in-furrow insecti- to high thrips and spotted wilt
(aldicarb), Thimet (phorate) and cides performed in available test risk. Accordingly, actively inte-
Velum Total (imidacloprid + data. Varieties were roughly grating multiple practices to re-
fluopyram). AgLogic is still in placed into three susceptibility duce the amount of thrips and
somewhat limited supply and groups. The Moderate group in- spotted wilt risk potential cre-
also has nematicidal activity, cluded Georgia 06G and Georgia ates a slightly different environ-
with a ballpark cost of $42 for a 09B, the Susceptible group in- ment in which the yield differ-
7 lb/A thrips rate. The additional cluded TUFRunner 511, FloRun ences between different treat-
fluopyram component in Velum 157 and CHAMPS, and the Re- ments may not exactly mirror
Total adds both nematicide and sistant group included Bailey, the figures in the table. No sin-
fungicide activity to the insecti- Sullivan, TifNV-High O/L, Geor- gle pesticide is perfect in every
Dan Anco cide action of the imidacloprid. gia 13M, Florida-07, Emery and situation, and just like the fine
Extension Peanut Specialist
Clemson University Accordingly, Velum Total has a Georgia 12Y. This data did not print in an advertisement, indi-
larger price tag than straight im- have resistant varieties treated vidual mileage may vary. For
Coming into 2018, South Caroli- idacloprid like Admire Pro, being with Velum Total. With re- situations and fields similar to
na peanut acres are anticipated roughly $36/application (18 fl oz/ sistant varieties, the choice of in- the ones used in these tests
to be a little lower, in and A) for Velum compared to Ad- furrow insecticide did not have a (nematodes not really an issue
around 20%. While the elimina- mire Pro’s $17/application (10 fl significant bearing on yield. and early season leaf spot pres-
tion of generic base may have oz/A). Thimet comes in at about Over the data for the Moderate sure generally not present above
contributed a little to this, I am $16/application (4.7 lb/A). and Susceptible groups, Thimet average values), Velum Total
optimistic that in future seasons Roughly, for an application of generally performed better than was in most cases not observed
this will lead to better contract Velum Total to payoff, it should Admire Pro, with this being no- to contribute an improvement
prices for farmers and add more bring a yield increase of at least ticed more in the Susceptible over Admire Pro or Thimet. If
buffer room to farm budgets. 95 lb/A (assuming $425 per ton group data. Any examined treat- early season leaf spot risk is a
Along these lines, less planted contract) over what Admire Pro ment was better than the un- concern, a banded application
peanut acres this year may end would do. So far, thankfully, is- treated check in those two (Proline, for example) 21 to 35
up helping to somewhat reduce sues with root knot nematode groups. Velum Total performed days after planting or a broad-
the impact of possible shortages affecting peanut in SC have been better than Admire Pro in the cast application near 30 days
of chlorothalonil (Bravo) and rare. Each field can be a little Susceptible group data, but this can help address this. I hope
tebuconazole (generic Folicur) on different, and situations and ex- was not observed for the Moder- everyone has a smooth planting
peanut disease management. periences are not always the ate group. In many of these season and a great year!
same. Included in the table are tests, there was an intentional
In-Furrow Options some ballpark numbers on how effort to try to create moderate
Several important management
decisions are made even before
Comparison of spotted wilt and yield performance for several in-furrow insecticides.
the first peanut seed goes in the
ground. These include rotation Spotted wilt Yield difference
length and crops, tillage method, Spotted wilt susceptibility Comparison† difference (%) Significance†† (lb/A) Significance††
planting date, and which variety Moderate Admire Pro – Thimet 10.4 *** -187 *
will go in which field. When it VT – Thimet 12.8 *** -365 ***
comes time for the hoppers to be Admire Pro – VT -2.4 N.S. 179 N.S.
loaded with seed, two additional Admire Pro – check 1.1 N.S. 242 **
items are more or less staples at VT – check 3.5 N.S. 63 N.S.
planting time: peanut inoculant Thimet – check -9.3 *** 428 ***
and an in-furrow insecticide. The Susceptible Admire Pro – Thimet 11.6 *** -222 **
importance of healthy peanut
inoculant in-furrow at planting VT – Thimet 10.3 *** 7 N.S.
on new ground cannot be over- Admire Pro – VT 1.3 N.S. -229 *
stated, and it is good on all acres Admire Pro – check 7.0 *** 90 N.S.
VT – check 5.8 ** 319 **
including those with a history of
Thimet – check -4.5 ** 312 ***
peanut production. Use of in-
Resistant Admire Pro – Thimet 4.7 ** -133 N.S.
furrow insecticides overall target
thrips, which can damage and Admire Pro – check 3.4 N.S. 119 N.S.
stunt young growing peanuts Thimet – check -1.4 N.S. 252 N.S.
and transmit spotted wilt. †
Admire Pro (imidacloprid or generics); Thimet (phorate); check = untreated control; VT = Velum Total (imidacloprid + fluopyram). A negative number indicates the
Among the options for in-furrow value of the second treatment was greater than the value of the first treatment.
††
insecticides, the main players 20N.S. = P value > 0.1; * = P < 0.1; ** = P < 0.05; *** = P < 0.01.
relevant studies for Moderate and Susceptible spotted wilt comparisons; 10 studies for Resistant spotted wilt comparisons; 18 relevant studies for Moderate and Sus-
currently are Admire Pro ceptible yield comparisons; 7 studies for Resistant yield comparisons. Not all treatments were present in all studies.You can also read
