Physical Education & Sports Science - SAFETY OPERATION MANUAL FOR SPORTS FACILITIES

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Physical Education & Sports Science - SAFETY OPERATION MANUAL FOR SPORTS FACILITIES
Physical Education &
  Sports Science

SAFETY OPERATION MANUAL
  FOR SPORTS FACILITIES
Physical Education & Sports Science - SAFETY OPERATION MANUAL FOR SPORTS FACILITIES
CONTENTS

  1      Rules & Regulations                                                           3

         1.1      Rules & Regulations Governing Usage of NIE Sports Facilities         4
                  Rules & Regulations Governing Usage of NIE Resistance Training
         1.2                                                                           6
                  Room & Cardiovascular Room

  2      Roles & Responsibilities                                                      8

         2.1      Academic Staff                                                       9
         2.2      Principal Investigator/Supervisor                                    9
         2.3      Lab Staff & Students                                                 9

  3      Emergency Management                                                          10

         3.1      Emergency Equipment                                                  11
         3.2      Evacuation Procedures for Fire Incidents                             11
         3.3      Procedures to Deal with Injured Persons                              12
         3.4      Essential Contact Numbers & Information                              13

  4      Incident Reporting                                                            14

         4.1      Reporting of Accidents & Incidents                                   15
         4.2      Incident/Accident Reporting Procedures                               15
         4.3      Documentation                                                        17

  5      Risk Management                                                               18

         5.1      Identify Hazard                                                      19
         5.2      Risk Evaluation                                                      20
         5.3      Risk Control                                                         25
         5.4      Risk Assessment, Records & Reviewing                                 26

Annexes                                                                                27

         Incident Reporting Form
  A                                                                                    28
         Detailed Risk Assessment of Sports Facilities in NIE & Activities at Sports
  B      Facilities                                                                    30

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                           2
1 RULES AND
                      REGULATIONS

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   3
1.1      RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING USAGE OF NIE SPORTS
                                   FACILITIES

1          All users will indemnify and will NOT hold PESS/NIE/NTU and staff
           responsible for loss or damage to individual possessions, any injury, illness or
           death that may result from the use of the facilities.

2          Only authorized users (ie current NTU/NIE staff/students) who have
           made prior bookings are allowed to use the facilities.

3          Priority usage is given to lecture classes and research testing. Recreational
           users are only allowed to book a facility once per week and not more than 2
           weeks in advance.       PESS reserves the right to approve or cancel
           bookings of facilities.

4          Please collect usage permit from the Sports Facilities Office upon
           confirmation of booking. You may be asked to produce your usage permit
           and matriculation / staff card by Sports Facilities Office staff.

5          All users must be in proper sports attire and appropriate footwear when using
           the facilities. Users will be asked to leave if found breaking this rule.

6          Users are advised that any sports facility should be used for its purpose built
           intention. Any deviation must be approved by PESS.

7          PESS is not responsible for providing any sports equipment to users of the
           facilities.

8          Users are required to take good care of the facilities / equipment. Any damage
           should be reported to the Sports Facilities Office.

9          Users are not allowed to move or remove equipment from the respective
           facility.

10         Please note that smoking is strictly not allowed in and around the sports
           facilities.

11         No food & beverages are allowed in the indoor and outdoor facilities except
           personal water receptacles.

12         Users are expected to keep the facilities clean and free of litter. A cleaning
           charge will be imposed should litter be left behind at the end of the session.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                             4
13      The sports facilities are open for booking from 8.30am to 7pm on weekdays
        and closed on Saturday, Sunday and Public Holidays.

FOR USERS OWN SAFETY, PLEASE OBSERVE THE FOLLOWING:-

1         Warm up adequately prior to exercising and cool down adequately
          afterwards.

2         Immediately stop exercising if you feel dizzy or unwell, if you feel any sudden,
          sharp pain or if you experience chest pain, light-headedness, abdominal
          discomfort, unusual fatigue or shortness of breath or palpitations.

3         Do not eat a large meal or drink alcohol less than two hours before starting
          to exercise but do not exercise on an empty stomach. Maintain adequate
          blood sugar levels.

4         Avoid dehydration by drinking water / fluids frequently.
.

5         Please do not use the outdoor sports facilities during inclement
          weather (raining, lightning or raining with lightning).

Users of sports facilities must be alerted on the locations and use of safety devices
such as first-aid boxes and fire extinguishers.

The rules and regulations are displayed at all NIE Sports Facilities. In addition, all
users of sports facilities will be briefed on the rules and regulations by PESS
Facilities Staff during booking of the premises.

In addition, academic staff will brief the students on the general rules and regulations
during the first practicum lesson in the semester year.

.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                             5
1.2      RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING USAGE OF NIE RESISTANCE
                 TRAINING ROOM AND CARDIOVASCULAR ROOM

1.      Only registered NTU / NIE users issued with a personal TGS Key are allowed
        to use the facilities.

2.      Users must bring along and sign-in using their personal TGS Key before using
        this facility.

3.      Priority usage is given to lecture classes and research testing, recreational
        users please refer to the timetable schedule to avoid using the room during
        these specified timings.

4.      NTU / NIE students who wish to use the facilities may only do so during their
        respective fitness & conditioning course lesson time and must be supervised
        by their lecturer.

5.      Users not appropriately attired and without a TGS key are not authorized to
        use this facility.

6.      Each user must carry a towel and be appropriately attired in a T-shirt with
        sleeves, suitable athletic shoes, athletic shorts / pants when using this facility.
        No casual / office attire allowed.

7.      Users must produce their matriculation card / staff card / TGS Key upon
        request.

8.      Please wipe sweat off benches and equipment after use.

9.      Turn off power after using cardio machines or stacked weight machines.

10.     Use of safety catches / spring locks / screw locks on barbells is required.

11.     Users are encouraged to have a “spotter” with them when lifting heavy
        weights.

12.     Restack the free weights and weight plates on the plate trees / dumbbell racks
        after use.

13.     Users are required to limit their usage time on each machine to 20 mins, so
        that others may also use.

14.     Do not open the windows.

15.     No smoking

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                              6
16.       Food and drinks are not allowed, except personal receptacles with plain water.

17.       Users are advised to be cautious of personal safety and train at your own risk.

18.       NTU / NIE / PESS and its staff will not be held responsible for any loss of
          personal belongings, damage to personal equipment or personal injury
          incurred when using the facilities.

Users will be asked to leave the Fitness Room if they fail to comply with these
                               conditions of use.

For Users own safety, they are encouraged to:
         Consult their medical physician prior to undertaking any fitness training
          programme
         Stop exercising immediately if they feel unwell

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                            7
2 ROLES &
              RESPONSIBILITIES

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   8
ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1     Academic Staff

        Academic staff play an important role in making the sports facilities safe and
        conducive for learning and playing. The following list guides academic staff on
        their roles, they should:

         Brief students on general safety regulations during the first practicum
          lesson in the semester year;

         Demonstrate good safety practices at all times;

         Give explicit instructions, highlighting certain safety precautions to be
          exercised by students where appropriate; and

         Record and report all incidents/accidents that occur.

        Before carrying out any practicum lessons, academic staff must ensure that
        the facilities are safe for carrying out lessons and that all sports equipment are
        in good condition.

        Academic staff are not trained fire-fighters or paramedics. However, it is
        useful for them to be familiar with:

         Basic first aid & location of first aid kits; and

         Fire prevention and control measures

2.2     Principle Investigators/Supervisors

        Principle Investigators/ Supervisors have a duty of care to the staff, students
        and visitors under their supervision. Supervisors are required to fulfill the
        following criteria:

         Train all new staff and students on general safety rules and regulations;

2.3     Lab Staff & Students

        Everyone has the responsibility to take care of himself/herself by observing
        safety rules and guidelines. Students should observe the basic rules of
        playing a particular sport. They should also be familiar with the location of
        first aid kits and evacuation routes in case of emergencies.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                            9
3 EMERGENCY
                     MANAGEMENT

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   10
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT

An emergency is a situation which poses an immediate and imminent risk to safety
and health of persons, property or environment and one which requires urgent
intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, e.g. fire or injury to persons.

3.1     Emergency Equipment

        Each school/department buildings/premises shall have emergency equipment
        prepared for emergencies that might occur. The emergency equipment,
        depending on the nature of the work, should comprise, but not limited to the
        following:

                     Safety Equipment                            In-charge
         Speakers, Fire Command Centre, Alarm         Office of Development and
         System, Fire Extinguisher                    Estate (DED)

         Automated external defibrillators (AED) Laboratory Technicians &
          Biomechanics Lab (NIE5-B3-01)         Facilities Staff
          Exercise Physiology Lab (NIE5-02-02)
          Cardiovascular Training Room (NIE5-
            02-09)
          Resistance Training Room (NIE5-02-
            07)
          Sports Hall (NIE5-B2-04)
          Sports Facilities Office (NIE5-B1-01)

         First Aid Kits available at PESS General     Laboratory Technicians for
         Office, Laboratories and Sports Facilities   individual labs, Facilities Office
                                                      for all sports facilities, PESS
                                                      General Office for PESS office

3.2     Evacuation Procedures for Fire Incidents

        The standard evacuation procedure for incidents such as fire includes the
        followings:

           Alert staff and DED (NIE Security at 67903999 or Fire Command Centre at
            67903000) immediately,

           Reduce the risk from further aggravation if possible,

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                           11
    Announcement for notification and evacuation to be made in 2 stage
             alarms,

            Gather all personnel involved at an assembly point, and

            Conduct roll call

        Please refer to Fire Emergency Plan in NIE Staff Portal for details.

3.3     Procedures to Deal with Injured Persons

        When somebody is injured at a sports facility, please seek medical help as
        follows:

                       Severity                            Contacts Details
                                               Level B3 - Biomechanics
                                                                             6790 3716
                                                          Lab
                              During Office    Level B1 - Sports Facility   6790 3728 /
              Non life-
                                 Hours                   Office              6790 3710
            threatening /
                                                Level 2 - Laboratories       6790 3715
              First Aid
                                               Level 3 - General Office      6790 3719
                               After Office
                                                    NIE Security            6790 3999
                                  Hours
               Life -                                Ambulance                 995
                                 24 Hours
            threatening                        NIE Security (24 hours)      6790 3999

        For minor injuries, first aid kit, stretcher, wheel chair and ice packs are
        available at the Sports Facilities Office (NIE5-B1-01).

        For life-threatening emergencies, automated external defibrillators (AED)
        are available at:

               For emergencies at or near:                 Nearest AED Location
         Level B3 Outdoor Courts Basketball,           Biomechanics Lab (NIE5-B3-01)
         tennis, handball, Sepak Takraw
         Level 2 Computer, Anatomy &      Exercise Physiology Lab (NIE5-
         Physiology Labs                  02-02)
         Level 2 Cardiovascular Training Room
                                          Cardiovascular Training Room
                                          (NIE5-02-09)
         Level 2 Dance Room or Resistance Resistance Training Room (NIE5-
         Training Room                    02-07)
         Level B2 Sports Hall, Level B3 Sports Hall (NIE5-B2-04)
         Swimming Pool, Hockey Pitch

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                         12
For emergencies at or near:     Nearest AED Location
         Level B1 Squash Courts, Toilet, Sports Facilities Office (NIE5-B1-
         Gymnasium, Motor Development Lab 01)

        When calling for Help

        1. Identify your name
        2. Give your contact number
        3. Location of incident         NIE Block 5, Level, Room Name, Vicinity ID
        4. Details of            Unconscious? Bleeding? Breathing? Pulse?
           Accident
        5. Maintain Victim      □ Good ventilation around victim, cover from heat
           Comfort                  or cold
                                □ Do not move injured if unable to seek help

        For Life threatening injuries

        6. Direct Emergency Ambulance 995 to NIE Administration Block 1 (1
           Nanyang Walk S(637616))
        7. Call security (6790 3999) to inform about incident, ambulance arrival and
           location of incident
        8. Upon the arrival of the ambulance, Security officer will direct the vehicle
           and paramedic to the accident site through the shortest route.
        9. Security supervisor will record the particulars of the bystander, injured
           person, first aider (if any), ambulance registration number, rank and name
           of the paramedic, detail of the injury and the site.

3.4     Essential contact numbers and information

            Emergency Ambulance 995
            Non emergency Ambulance 1777
            Police 999
            Police Hotline 18002550000
            NIE Security Number 6790-3999 (24hrs manning)
            NIE Facilities Reporting Centre 6790-3000 or 6790-3020 (24hrs manning)
            NTU Medical Clinic, Gethin-Jones Medical Practice Pte Ltd, tel 6793-6828
             & 6793-6974 (Located at South Spine, SS3-B2-15, 1 Nanyang Avenue, S’
             639798), opening hrs 8:30am to 1pm (Mon to Sat) and 2pm to 5pm (Mon
             to Fri)

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                       13
4 INCIDENT REPORTING

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   14
INCIDENT REPORTING

4.1     Reporting of Incidents/Accidents

        All staff and students should know the protocol for reporting workplace
        incidents/accidents and carry out appropriate investigations to reduce any
        potential workplace risks.

        Workplace safety improves through reporting of workplace incidents.
        Investigation further reveals the necessary safety measures to be
        implemented to prevent similar events from happening again. This is in
        compliance with the Workplace Safety and Health Act and in support of the
        NTU Health and Safety Policy. This protocol covers all workplaces and is
        applicable to all staff and students in NIE. It does not cover road/traffic
        accidents and injuries resulting from workplace violence.

        First aid and emergency procedures could save lives. The general guidelines
        listed below can help users respond to medical emergencies.

           Remain calm.

           Do not move the casualty unless he or she is in immediate danger.

           Call for a doctor or an ambulance.

           Initiate life saving measures if required.

        Each sports facility should have an emergency response contact list.

4.2     Incident Reporting Procedures

        Reporting of incidents/accidents is essential for the identification of hazards.
        Remedial action can then be taken to address the identified hazards and
        prevent any recurrence of the incident/accident.

        Accidents with potential for injury or damage should be reported. The accident
        and incident report also acts as a record for future reference should there be
        any subsequent complication, for example, delayed health effect.

        Accidents are to be reported and investigated by using the procedure stated
        below:

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                         15
INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURES FOR PESS

    1 This SOP is to ensure that all staff know the protocol for reporting workplace
      accidents and carry out appropriate investigations to reduce any potential
      workplace risks.
    2 Incident is to be reported and investigated by using the procedure stated
      below:

                                         When an Accident occurs…
                 Scenario                         What to Do               Further Actions
         Minor injury which               Informs PESS first           Person at scene to
         does not require the            aiders who will render          submit Incident
         attention of medical            first aid assistance 9if        Reporting Form to
         practitioner.                   necessary                       Head/PESS and
                                                                         Deputy Head/PESS
                                                                         within 24 hours
                                                                        Copy of incident
                                                                         reporting form to be
                                                                         submitted to Rehana
                                                                         for filing

         Serious injury which             Whoever is at the            Person at scene to
         requires the attention            workplace notifies NIE        submit Incident
         of medical practitioner           Security for assistance       Reporting Form to
         during office hours.              and to call ambulance         Head/PESS and
                                           if necessary or send          Deputy Head/PESS
                                           the injured to any            within 24 hours.
                                           clinics or hospitals if      Copy of incident
                                           necessary.                    reporting form to be
                                          Concurrently informs          submitted to Rehana
                                           PESS first aiders who         for filing and she will
                                           will render first aid         report to further
                                           assistance (if                authorities.
                                           necessary)
                                          Informs Safety Officer
                                           (Deputy Head, PESS)
                                           ASAP

         Serious injury which             Whoever is at the            Person at scene to
         requires the attention            workplace notifies NIE        submit Incident
         of medical practitioner           Security for assistance       Reporting Form to
         after officer hours               and to call ambulance         Head/PESS and
                                           or send the injured to        Deputy Head/PESS by
                                           any clinics or hospitals.     next working day.
                                          Informs Safety Officer       Copy of incident
                                           (Deputy Head, PESS)           reporting form to be
                                           ASAP                          submitted to Rehana
                                                                         for filing and she will

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                                 16
When an Accident occurs…
                    Scenario                      What to Do                               Further Actions
                                                                                         report to further
                                                                                         authorities.

          Injured is unconscious              Whoever is at the                      Head/PESS to inform
          during office hours                  workplace notifies NIE                  Director, NIE,
                                               Security for assistance                 immediately.
                                               and to call ambulance.                 Person at scene to
                                              Concurrently informs                    submit Incident
                                               PESS first aiders who                   Reporting Form to
                                               will render first aid                   Head/PESS and
                                               assistance (if                          Deputy Head/PESS
                                               necessary)                              within 24 hours.
                                              Informs Safety Officer                 Copy of incident
                                               (Deputy Head, PESS)                      reporting form to be
                                               immediately.                             submitted to Rehana
                                                                                        for filing and she will
                                                                                        report to further
                                                                                        authorities.

          Injured is unconscious              Whoever is at the                      Head/PESS to inform
          after office hours                   workplace notifies NIE                  Director, NIE, ASAP
                                               Security immediately                   Person at scene to
                                               for assistance and to                   submit Incident
                                               call for ambulance                      Reporting Form to
                                              Informs Head/PESS &                     Head/PESS and
                                               Safety Officer (Deputy                  Deputy Head/PESS by
                                               Head, PESS)                             next working day.
                                               immediately                            Copy of incident
                                                                                       reporting form to be
                                                                                       submitted to Rehana
                                                                                       for filing

NIE Security – 6790 3999

IMPORTANT NOTE

The following accidents will require submission of the incident reporting form to OFA. An Investigation Report
also needs to be submitted within a week from submission of the incident report. MOM requires these
accidents to be reported to them under the WSH Act:

      The injured is granted > 3 days of medical leave
      The injured is admitted to hospital for at least 24 hours
      Any work related fatality
      Dangerous occurrences (near misses where no bodily harm resulted)
      Occupational disease

Please refer to Investigation Report Operation Chart on details of who to fill up the investigation report.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                                                  17
5 RISK MANAGEMENT

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   18
RISK MANAGEMENT

A risk assessment refers to a careful examination of the factors that could possibly
cause harm to personal safety or health. The objective of a risk assessment is to
minimise risks to adequately reasonable. All risk assessment forms must be
complied and kept by PESS Facilities Office. Please refer to Annex B and C for risk
assessments for all NIE Sports Facilities and activities carried out at the various
Sports Facilities.

Hazards and risks

A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm or injury. Some examples of
hazards include heat exertion while playing games, etc.

A risk refers to the likelihood of a hazard causing harm to persons or damage to
property.

5.1     Identify Hazard

        For each activity, the hazards shall be determined. This is the most important
        part; without proper identification the risk cannot be quantified and controlled.
        The hazards are based on, but not limited to, chemical, biological, mechanical,
        thermal, ergonomically, electrical, etc. To assist the identification process, the
        reviewer should systematically review the activity from the man, machine,
        material, method and environment points of view to both the user and any
        other persons at risk in the vicinity of the workplace where the activity is being
        carried out.

                             Diagram on Hazards Identification Process

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                          19
5.2     Risk Evaluation

        Risk evaluation is the process of estimating the risk levels of the identified
        hazards and if the risks can be accepted. This is used as a basis for
        prioritizing actions to control identified hazards and thereby, minimizing safety
        and health risks.

        Risk evaluation should be done in two stages:

                That of the raw evaluation without any control measures being applied
                 whatsoever.

                Existing evaluation with current control measures such as use of work
                 instructions.

        Risk evaluation consists of:

                Identifying existing risk control measures;

                Assessing potential severity of identified hazards;

                Determining likelihood of occurrence of accidents, incidents and/or ill
                 health arising from identified hazards; and

                Assessing risk levels based on the severity and likelihood.

        The risks severity and frequency shown in the tables below shall be adopted
        for risk evaluation

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                          20
.
                                                               Table on risk severity

                               Workplace                                                                                        Downtime
Rating    Description                                Workplace Health              Environment              Fire Damage
                                  Safety                                                                                         Incurred
                      Fatality,                   Acute Poisoning, Failure                                                  More than 1 year
                                                                                                          More Than $10
                      single or                   of Major Bodily            Spills to Outside Campus                       for full re-
                                                                                                          million damages
                      multiple                    Functions                                                                 instatement
  5        Critical
                      Permanent
                                                  Infection with No Known    Infection outside confines
                      Body Injury or
                                                  Cure                       of Campus
                      Loss of Use
                      Injury requiring
                                                  Moderate exposure,
                      30 days of                                                                                            More than 3
                                                  Reversible injury to                                    More Than $1
                      hospitalization                                        Spills to Outside Building                     months for full re-
                                                  Bodily Functions on                                     million damages
                      and/or medical                                                                                        instatement
                                                  prolong recovery
  4      Very Serious leave
                                                  Infection with Known       Infection outside confines
                            Temporary
                                                  Cure but extensive         of Building affecting
                            Body Injury or
                                                  treatment                  neighboring buildings but
                            Loss of Use
                                                                             within Campus
                            Injury requiring      Mild exposure,
                            10 days of            Reversible injury to                                                      More than 1
                                                                             Spills to Outside            More Than $100k
                            hospitalization       Bodily Functions with                                                     month for full re-
                                                                             Laboratory/Room              damages
                            and/or medical        less than 1 month                                                         instatement
  3          Serious
                            leave                 recovery
                            Temporary             Infection with Known       Infection outside confines
                            Body Injury or        Cure but extensive         of workplace but within
                            Loss of Use           treatment                  laboratory only
                            Injury requiring      Very Mild exposure,        Spills to Outside            More Than $10k    More than 5 days
  2         Marginal
                            maximum of 3          Reversible injury to       Workplace but within         damages           for full re-

   PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                               21
Workplace                                                                                  Downtime
Rating    Description                                Workplace Health           Environment              Fire Damage
                                  Safety                                                                                   Incurred
                            days of medical       Bodily Functions with   laboratory                                   instatement
                            leave only            less than 3 days
                                                  recovery
                            Temporary             Infection with Known    Infection outside confines
                            Body Injury or        Cure but treatment      of Laboratory but within
                            Loss of Use           needed                  building only
                                                  Very Mild exposure,
                                                  Reversible injury to
                            First aid                                     Spills within Workplace      Less than $5k   No significant
                                                  Bodily Functions with
                            treatment only                                only                         damages         downtime
                                                  less than 3 days
  1        Negligible
                                                  recovery
                            No or
                                                                          No Infection or infection
                            superficial           No Exposure
                                                                          with no effects
                            injury

   PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                            22
Table on Likelihood of Occurrence or Exposure Criteria

    Rating                      Likelihood of                           Criteria
                           Occurrence/Exposure
                 5                Frequent                 Likely to occur many times per year
                 4                Moderate                    Likely to occur once per year
                 3               Occasional                 Might occur once in three years
                 2                Remote                     Might occur once in five years
                 1                Unlikely                   Might occur once in ten years

Risk levels are assessed based on the severity and likelihood. Once severity and
likelihood have been established, the risk level is determined using a 5 x 5 risk
matrix and the action table.

                                           Table on 5 x 4 Risk Matrix

                     Severity          5               4                3             2
    Likelihood

1

       5

       4

       3

       2

       1

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                                     23
Action Table

 Colour
               Risks                                          Action
 /Score

                            Operation not Permissible

 16 - 25        High        Stop operation and review controls.

                            If necessary abort experimentation.

                            High priority remedial action

                            Proceed with extreme caution with PI present at all times.
 12 - 14      Warning
                            Implement additional (secondary) controls immediately.

                            Review within 7 days. Emergency control measures shall be in
                            place.

                            Take remedial action at appropriate time
  8 - 10      Medium
                            Proceed with care. Additional control is advised. Review shall
                            be implementation within 30 days.

                            Risk acceptable: Residual Risk

                            If possible, risk reduction should be further considered,
                            particularly severity.
  1-6           Low
                            There are no imminent dangers. Frequent review shall be in
                            place especially changes in procedures, materials or
                            environment.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                             24
5.3     Risk control

        Hierarchy of Control Measures

        It is essential for risks to be controlled. This is usually by elimination or
        reduction “at source”. If a risk cannot be controlled completely by engineering
        measures, it is necessary to protect the employees by administrative control
        or personal protection.

        The control of hazards and reduction of risks can be accomplished by
        following the hierarchy of controls. These control measures are not usually
        mutually exclusive e.g. engineering controls can be implemented together
        with administrative controls like training.

                                                                                   Examples
      Preference      Control Measure
                      ELIMINATION:
                                                                                   Use water based
                      The total removal of the hazards. If the hazards are
                                                                                   solvents instead of
      Very High       eliminated, the risk associated of the hazard will be
                                                                                   organic based
                      eliminated.
                                                                                   solvents.
                      SUBSTITUTION:
                      This involves replacing the hazard by one that presents a    Use toluene
         High
                      lower risk.                                                  instead of benzene.

                      ENGINEERING CONTROLS:
                      Engineering controls are physical means that limit the
                      hazard. These include structural changes to the work
                                                                                   Fume Cupboard
       Preferred      environment or work processes, erecting a barrier to
                                                                                   glove boxes
                      interrupt the transmission path between the worker and
                      the hazard.

                   ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS:
                   These reduce or eliminate exposure to a hazard by               Work instruction.
                   adherence to procedures or instructions, including              Tight laboratory
      Satisfactory training. Documentation should emphasize all the steps          setup. Training on
                   to be taken and the controls to be used in carrying out the     hazards of organic
                   activity safely.                                                solvents.

                      PPE:
                      This should be used only as a last resort, after all other
                      control measures have been considered, or as a short
                      term contingency during emergency / maintenance /
                      repair or as an additional protective measure.               Use of safety
                                                                                   eyewear plus
         Least
                      Often this is used as secondary protection or general        respiratory
                      protection to third party users.                             protection.

                      The success of this control depends critically on the
                      protective equipment being chosen correctly, fitted
                      correctly, worn at all times and maintained properly.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                                  25
The residual risk should be acceptable and manageable; there is a need to
            highlight the residual risks of each of the controls and training shall be
            provided to ensure the residual risk are not amplified due to
            misunderstanding of the use of engineering controls, work procedure or the
            use of PPE.

        Once all the risk controls are selected and their residual risks highlighted, the
        specific action officers to implement the controls can be clearly identified, and
        the follow-up dates will help to ensure timeliness in implementation.

5.4     Risk Assessment, Records & Reviewing

        All risk assessment records shall include:

             Names and designations of risk assessment team members.

             Inventory of work activities associated with machinery, equipment and/or
              chemicals or biological organism.

             Hazards identification for each work activity, and possible types of
              accident or incident.

             Existing risk control measures and the risk level for each hazard.

             Recommendations on additional risk controls required.

             Persons involved in implementing the measures on risk reduction.

             Signatures, date and designations of the persons conducting risk
              assessment

             Signature, date and designation of management approving or endorsing
              the assessment usually the chair or his designated person.

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)                                          26
ANNEXES

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   27
ANNEX A
         INCIDENT REPORTING
                FORM

PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   28
PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   29
PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   30
ANNEX B
       DETAILED RISK
      ASSESSMENT OF
    SPORTS FACILITIES &
    ACTIVITIES AT SPORTS
         FACILITIES

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PESS SOM For Sports Facilities (8 July 2011)   32
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