Preparation for Organic Chemistry - ALEKS
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Preparation for Organic Chemistry
This course covers the topics shown below.
Students navigate learning paths based on their level of readiness.
Institutional users may customize the scope and sequence to meet curricular needs.
Curriculum (184 topics + 438 additional topics)
General Chemistry Review (122 topics)
Electrostatics (5 topics)
Understanding that opposite charges attract and like charges repel
Understanding net electrical charge
Understanding how electrostatic f orces cancel
Understanding how electrostatic energy scales with charge and separation
Sketching polarization induced by a nearby charge
Chemical Elements (4 topics)
Understanding periods and groups of the Periodic Table
Understanding main-group periodic trends in ionization energy
Understanding main-group periodic trends in atomic radius
Ranking the oxidizing power of halogens
Atoms (6 topics)
Identif ying the parts of an atom
Counting protons and electrons in atoms and atomic ions
Predicting the ions f ormed by common main-group elements
Counting valence electrons in a neutral atom
Counting valence electrons in an atomic ion
Drawing the Lewis dot diagram of a main group atom or common atomic ion
Chemical Compounds (4 topics)
Counting the number of atoms in a f ormula unit
Writing a chemical f ormula given a molecular model
Writing a chemical f ormula given a chemical structure
Understanding the prefixes used in naming binary compounds
Ionic Compounds (3 topics)
Predicting the f ormula of binary ionic compounds
Identif ying common polyatomic ions
Naming ionic compounds with common polyatomic ions
Chemical Reactions (7 topics)
Writing a chemical equation f rom a molecular movie
Writing the net equation f or a sequence of reactions
Using a chemical equation to find moles of product f rom moles of reactant
Identif ying the limiting reactant in a drawing of a mixture
Understanding theoretical, actual, and percent yield
Identif ying precipitation, combustion and acid-base reactions
Predicting products f rom a general statement about reactivity
Solution Chemistry (3 topics)
Identif ying the correct sketch of a compound in aqueous solution
Writing net ionic equations
Applying like dissolves like
Acids and Bases (22 topics)
Predicting the products of a neutralization reaction
Identif ying acids and bases by their reaction with water
Understanding the diff erence between strong and weak acids
Identif ying Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases
Identif ying strong or weak acids and bases f rom a sketch
Finding the conjugate of an acid or base
Predicting the products of the reaction of a strong acid with water
Predicting the reactants of a neutralization reaction
Predicting the qualitative acid-base properties of salts
Identif ying Lewis acids and bases in reactions
Naming inorganic acids
Deducing the f ormulae of inorganic acids f rom their names
Predicting the relative acidity of binary acids
Understanding the eff ect of induction on acidity
Page 1 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationCalculating the pH of a strong acid solution
Calculating the pH of a strong base solution
Diluting a strong acid solution to a given pH
Preparing a strong base solution with a given pH
Writing an acid dissociation constant expression
Determining the strength of acids f rom a sketch
Calculating the Ka of a weak acid f rom pH
Interconverting Ka and pKa
Oxidation and Reduction (3 topics)
Assigning oxidation numbers
Recognizing reduction and oxidation
Identif ying oxidizing and reducing agents
Reaction Thermodynamics (0 topics)
Using the general properties of reaction enthalpy
Calculating the heat of reaction f rom bond energies
Qualitatively predicting reaction entropy
Using the Second Law to predict spontaneous change
Using the general properties of Gibbs f ree energy
Calculating dG f rom dH and dS
Using the conditions of spontaneity to deduce the signs of ΔH and ΔS
Recognizing consistency between statements about standard Gibbs f ree energy
Quantum Mechanics (1 topics)
Recognizing s and p orbitals
Electronic Structure of Atoms (12 topics)
Deciding the relative energy of electron subshells
Calculating the capacity of electron subshells
Knowing the subshells of an electron shell
Interpreting the electron configuration of a neutral atom
Writing the electron configuration of a neutral atom with s and p electrons only
Writing the electron configuration of an atom or atomic ion with s and p electrons only
Writing the electron configuration of an atom using the Periodic Table
Identif ying quantum mechanics errors in electron configurations
Identif ying elements with a similar valence electron configuration
Predicting the relative ionization energy of elements
Understanding periodic trends in atomic size
Understanding periodic trends in atomic ionizability
Atomic Spectroscopy (5 topics)
Understanding the organization of the electromagnetic spectrum
Interconverting the wavelength and f requency of electromagnetic radiation
Interconverting wavelength, f requency and photon energy
Calculating the wavelength of a spectral line f rom an energy diagram
Predicting the qualitative f eatures of a line spectrum
Lewis Structures (16 topics)
Counting bonding and nonbonding electron pairs in a Lewis structure
Counting valence electrons in a molecule or polyatomic ion
Deciding whether a Lewis structure satisfies the octet rule
Writing Lewis structures f or diatomic molecules
Calculating f ormal charge
Writing Lewis structures f or a molecule with one central atom and no octet-rule exceptions
Writing the Lewis structures f or a molecule with resonance
Drawing Lewis structures f or simple organic compounds
Predicting the relative electronegativities of atoms
Predicting relative bond polarity
Predicting the relative length and energy of chemical bonds
Predicting the arrangement of electron groups around the central atom of a molecule
Predicting bond angles in a small organic molecule
Predicting whether molecules are polar or nonpolar
Naming common chemical groups
Identif ying common chemical groups in a Lewis structure
Electronic Structure of Molecules (3 topics)
Counting sigma and pi bonds in a small molecule
Identif ying carbon hybridization in simple organic molecules
Recognizing typical LCAO molecular orbitals
Intermolecular Forces (4 topics)
Identif ying a molecule f rom its electrostatic potential map
Predicting the strength of intermolecular f orces f rom an electrostatic potential map
Page 2 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationIdentif ying hydrogen-bonding interactions between molecules
Identif ying the intermolecular f orces between atoms, ions and molecules
Chemical Kinetics (10 topics)
Using a rate law
Using reactant reaction order to predict changes in initial rate
Calculating the change in concentration af ter a whole number of half -lives of a first-order reaction
Interpreting a reaction energy diagram
Relating activation energy to reaction rate
Drawing the reaction energy diagram of a catalyzed reaction
Understanding the qualitative predictions of the Arrhenius equation
Identif ying the molecularity of an elementary reaction
Identif ying intermediates in a reaction mechanism
Writing the rate law of an elementary reaction
Chemical Equilibrium (6 topics)
Using Le Chatelier's Principle to predict the result of changing temperature
Writing a concentration equilibrium constant expression
Calculating an equilibrium constant f rom an equilibrium composition
Using an equilibrium constant to predict the direction of spontaneous reaction
Recognizing equilibrium f rom a sketch
Predicting equilibrium composition f rom a sketch
Structure and Bonding (39 topics)
Drawing Organic Molecules (10 topics)
Identif ying carbon atoms in a skeletal structure
Interpreting the skeletal structure of a neutral organic molecule
Drawing a skeletal structure f rom a simple condensed structure
Drawing a skeletal structure f rom a condensed structure
Interpreting a skeletal structure with aromatic rings
Recognizing diff erent skeletal structures
Understanding H atoms in a skeletal structure
Comparing skeletal structures related by one f ewer bond
Using wedges and dashes in skeletal structures
Understanding dash-wedge structures
Formal Charge (5 topics)
Assigning f ormal charges in simple Lewis structures
Correcting f ormal charges in complex Lewis structures
Placing lone pairs on simple Lewis structures
Correcting lone pair placement in complex Lewis structures
Evaluating octet compliance at carbon
Interpreting Condensed Formulae (2 topics)
Drawing a Lewis structure f rom the condensed f ormula of an unsaturated molecule
Drawing a Lewis structure f rom a condensed f ormula with parentheses
Principles of Organic Nomenclature (11 topics)
Naming normal alkanes
Identif ying organic f unctional groups
Identif ying common chemical groups in a Lewis structure
Using f amily suffixes to name organic compounds
Identif ying f unctional groups in organic molecules written in skeletal f ormat
Identif ying organic f unctional groups in simple structures
Identif ying the main chain of branched alkanes
Naming the parent hydrocarbon of branched alkanes
Understanding the basic descriptive vocabulary of hydrocarbons
Understanding the basic descriptive vocabulary of molecules with f unctional groups
Naming and drawing small alkyl substituents
Resonance (2 topics)
Identif ying isomers and resonance structures
Identif ying skeletal resonance structures
Electron Movement (6 topics)
Determining the product of a curved arrow drawn on a Lewis structure
Drawing simple curved arrows on a Lewis structure to show how electrons move
Drawing cascading curved arrows on a Lewis structure to show how electrons move
Drawing curved arrows on a skeletal structure to show how electrons move
Determining the product of curved arrows drawn on a skeletal structure
Recalculating f ormal charge when electrons move
Molecular Quantum Mechanics (3 topics)
Page 3 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationUnderstanding how to make sp hybrid orbitals
Understanding how AOs combine to make MOs
Using hybridization to predict relative length and strength of chemical bonds
Organic Acids and Bases (5 topics)
Acid-Base Reactions and Mechanisms (3 topics)
Recognizing organic acids and bases
Identif ying acidic and basic sites on an organic molecule
Drawing the conjugate acid or base of an organic molecule without significant C-H acidity
Structure-Acidity Relationships (2 topics)
Using a pKa table to rank acids and bases
Using pKa to evaluate acid-base equilibria
Hydrocarbons (18 topics)
Alkanes (6 topics)
Classif ying hydrocarbons
Naming and drawing normal alkanes.
Naming and drawing simple cyclic alkanes
Naming and drawing branched alkanes
Naming and drawing simple substituted cycloalkanes
Identif ying primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary carbons
Constitutional Isomerism (3 topics)
Identif ying constitutional isomers
Drawing the condensed structure of a constitutional isomer
Drawing the skeletal structure of a constitutional isomer
Conf ormation (7 topics)
Drawing Newman projections of simple organic molecules
Describing the relative positions of substituents in a Newman projection
Drawing the Newman projection of a molecule f rom its name
Drawing a 6-atom ring in chair perspective
Distinguishing axial and equatorial substituents
Drawing axial and equatorial substituents
Interconverting line structure and chair drawing
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons (2 topics)
Naming and drawing normal alkynes
Naming and drawing alkynes
Other Topics Available(*) (438 additional topics)
General Chemistry Review (120 topics)
Understanding how electrostatic f orce scales with charge and separation
Calculating the magnitude of an electrostatic f orce using Coulomb's Law
Understanding that electrostatic f orces add as vectors
Calculating electrostatic energy using Coulomb's Law
Names and symbols of important elements
Reading a Periodic Table entry
Recognizing element f amilies
Predicting the type of bonding in a main-group element
Counting the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom
Isotopes
Counting the electron shells in a neutral atom
Interpreting the symbol f or a nuclide
Knowing the properties of the common types of nuclear radiation
Understanding the common modes of radioactive decay
Understanding radioactive half lif e
Understanding the diff erence between a molecular and empirical f ormula
Naming binary covalent compounds
Naming binary ionic compounds
Deducing the ions in a binary ionic compound f rom its empirical f ormula
Deducing the empirical f ormula of a binary ionic compound f rom its name
Predicting ionic compounds f ormed by two elements
Predicting and naming ionic compounds f ormed by two elements
Predicting the f ormula of ionic compounds with common polyatomic ions
Deducing the ions in a polyatomic ionic compound f rom its empirical f ormula
Identif ying oxoanions
Naming ionic compounds with common oxoanions
Finding molar mass f rom chemical f ormulae
Page 4 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationInterconverting number of atoms and mass of compound
Stoichiometric coefficients
Balancing chemical equations with noninterf ering coefficients
Balancing chemical equations with interf ering coefficients
Writing a chemical equation f rom a description of the reaction
Solving f or a reactant using a chemical equation
Limiting reactants
Theoretical yield of chemical reactions
Percent yield of chemical reactions
Reaction sequence stoichiometry
Calculating molarity using solute moles
Using molarity to find solute moles and solution volume
Calculating molarity using solute mass
Using molarity to find solute mass and solution volume
Identif ying acids and bases by their chemical f ormula
Determining the volume of base needed to titrate a given mass of acid
Determining the molar mass of an acid by titration
Standardizing a base solution by titration
Predicting acid or base strength f rom the conjugate
Predicting the qualitative acid-base properties of metal cations
Interconverting pH and hydronium ion concentration
Interconverting pH and pOH at 25°C
Interconverting hydronium and hydroxide concentration at 25°C
Identif ying the major species in weak acid or weak base equilibria
Calculating the pH of a buff er
Calculating the composition of a buff er of a given pH
Writing the dissociation reactions of a polyprotic acid
Identif ying oxidized and reduced reactants in a metal-nonmetal reaction
Identif ying oxidized and reduced reactants in a single-displacement reaction
Predicting whether simple electrochemical reactions happen
Solving a redox titration problem
Calculating the heat of reaction f rom molar reaction enthalpy and the mass of a reactant
Using Hess's Law to calculate net reaction enthalpy
Writing a standard f ormation reaction
Calculating a molar heat of reaction f rom f ormation enthalpies
Solving combustion thermochemistry problems
Calculating the heat of reaction f rom bond energies and Lewis structures
Calculating entropy change f rom reversible heat flow
Calculating absolute entropy using the Boltzmann hypothesis
Calculating entropy change using the Boltzmann hypothesis
Predicting qualitatively how entropy changes with temperature and volume
Predicting qualitatively how entropy changes with mixing and separation
Calculating reaction entropy using the standard molar entropies of reactants
Calculating standard reaction f ree energy f rom standard f ree energies of f ormation
Interconverting standard Gibbs f ree energy and K
Using thermodynamic data to calculate K
Interpreting the radial probability distribution of an orbital
Interpreting the angular probability distribution of an orbital
Deducing n and l f rom a subshell label
Drawing a box diagram of the electron configuration of an atom
Deducing the allowed quantum numbers of an atomic electron
Interpreting the electron configuration of a neutral atom in noble-gas notation
Writing the electron configuration of a neutral atom with a filled d subshell
Interpreting the electron configuration of an atom or atomic ion
Interpreting the electron configuration of an atom or atomic ion in noble-gas notation
Identif ying the electron added or removed to f orm an ion f rom an s or p block atom
Identif ying the electron added or removed to f orm an ion
Identif ying s, p, d and f block elements
Understanding the definitions of ionization energy and electron affinity
Deducing valence electron configuration f rom trends in successive ionization energies
Ranking the screening efficacy of atomic orbitals
Understanding periodic trends in eff ective nuclear charge
Deducing the block of an element f rom an electron configuration
Calculating the wavelength of a line in the spectrum of hydrogen
Counting electron pairs in a Lewis structure with double or triple bonds
Predicting the single-bonded molecular compounds f ormed by two elements
Recognizing exceptions to the octet rule
Identif ying hybridization in a small molecule
Drawing the MO energy diagram f or a Period 2 homodiatom
Using the MO model to predict bond order and paramagnetism
Identif ying the important intermolecular f orces in pure compounds
Predicting the relative strength of the dispersion f orce between molecules
Predicting the relative boiling points of pure substances
Predicting how reaction rate varies with pressure, concentration and temperature
Page 5 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationCalculating the reaction rate of one reactant f rom that of another
Calculating average and instantaneous reaction rate f rom a graph of concentration versus time
Deducing a rate law f rom initial reaction rate data
Using a zero order integrated rate law to find concentration change
Using an integrated rate law f or a first-order reaction
Using a second-order integrated rate law to find concentration change
Using first- and second-order integrated rate laws
Finding half lif e and rate constant f rom a graph of concentration versus time
Solving applied problems with first-order kinetics
Using the Arrhenius equation to calculate k at one temperature f rom k at another
Using the Arrhenius equation to calculate Ea f rom k versus T data
Writing a plausible missing step f or a simple reaction mechanism
Deducing inf ormation about reaction mechanisms f rom a reaction energy diagram
Predicting relative f orward and reverse rates of reaction in a dynamic equilibrium
Using Le Chatelier's Principle to predict the result of changing concentration
Writing the concentration equilibrium expression f or a heterogeneous equilibrium
Calculating an equilibrium constant f rom a heterogeneous equilibrium composition
Using the general properties of equilibrium constants
Writing an equilibrium constant f or a reaction sequence
Structure and Bonding (21 topics)
Interpreting a flipped or rotated dash-wedge skeletal structure
Understanding the 3D shape of molecules with pi bonds
Drawing a Lewis structure f or a simple organic molecule f rom a description
Completing the Lewis structure f or an organic molecule with non-zero f ormal charges
Identif ying hydrogen atoms in a skeletal structure
Expanding a chemical group and drawing in lone pairs on a skeletal structure
Converting a skeletal structure to a Lewis structure
Drawing a skeletal structure f rom a Lewis structure
Interpreting condensed chemical structures
Drawing a Lewis structure f rom a condensed f ormula with N and O
Drawing a Lewis structure f rom a condensed f ormula with a carbonyl-containing f unctional group
Numbering the main chain of branched alkanes
Naming and drawing alkyl and alkoxy substituents
Drawing resonance structures with complete octets
Ranking resonance structures
Drawing the second best resonance structure
Ranking the stability of carbocation intermediates
Predicting simple carbocation rearrangements
Drawing the mechanism f or a carbocation rearrangement in a skeletal structure
Determining the electron group geometry and hybridization state of atoms in a skeletal structure
Recognizing orbital representations
Organic Acids and Bases (22 topics)
Understanding organic acids and bases
Drawing the conjugate of a carbon acid or base
Drawing organic conjugate acids and bases
Drawing the products of an organic acid-base reaction shown in condensed Lewis f ormat
Drawing the products of an organic acid-base reaction shown in skeletal f ormat
Drawing the structure of a missing acid or base in an equilibrium reaction
Identif ying an organic acid-base reaction f rom its mechanism
Drawing the mechanism of an organic acid-base reaction
Finding ionization f raction f rom pKa f or an organic acid or base
Predicting an organic acid-base equilibrium using structural similarity and a pKa table
Understanding the influence of element identity on site acidity
Using a pKa table to estimate site acidities in complex molecules
Understanding the solvent leveling eff ect
Using periodic trends to identif y an organic molecule's most acidic or basic site
Understanding the influence of resonance on site acidity
Understanding how resonance aff ects organic acid and base strength
Understanding the influence of induction on site acidity
Understanding how induction aff ects organic acid and base strength
Understanding the influence of hybridization on site acidity
Understanding how hybridization aff ects organic acid and base strength
Identif ying the stronger base f rom its structure
Identif ying Lewis acids and bases f rom their structures
Hydrocarbons (16 topics)
Using multiplying affixes in the names of branched alkanes
Identif ying degree of carbon substitution
Understanding partial charge notation and comparing relative bond polarities
Identif ying isomers
Drawing constitutional isomers
Matching Lewis structures to a 3D model
Page 6 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationIdentif ying bond rotations in dash-wedge skeletal structures
Understanding how strain aff ects the energy of a conf ormation
Understanding the relative energy of rotational conf ormations
Drawing a molecule in chair perspective af ter a chair flip
Identif ying the more stable chair conf ormation of a 6-atom ring
Understanding the stereochemical relationship between pairs of substituted cyclohexanes
Naming and drawing linear alkenes with one double bond
Interpreting condensed chemical structures with benzene rings
Naming benzene derivatives
Naming and drawing enynes and dienes (no E or Z required)
Functional Groups (22 topics)
Naming and drawing alcohols without alkyl side groups
Naming and drawing alcohols
Naming and drawing thiols without alkyl side groups
Identif ying primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols
Identif ying common alcohols f rom a description
Understanding the common names of simple ethers
Understanding the common names of simple ketones
Naming and drawing ketones
Naming and drawing aldehydes
Identif ying and drawing hemiacetals and acetals
Understanding the common names of simple amines
Identif ying primary, secondary, and tertiary amines
Naming and drawing primary amines without alkyl side groups
Naming and drawing secondary and tertiary amines
Naming and drawing carboxylic acids
Understanding the names of carboxylate salts
Naming and drawing unsubstituted esters
Identif ying primary, secondary, and tertiary amides
Naming and drawing unsubstituted amides
Understanding common names of carboxylic acids and derivatives
Identif ying positions labeled with Greek letters in acids and derivatives
Knowing the common names of small diacids
Stereochemistry (16 topics)
Identif ying rigid parts of an acyclic organic molecule
Identif ying bonds with restricted rotation
Identif ying cis/trans isomerism in a small condensed structure
Identif ying cis/trans isomerism in a skeletal structure
Drawing the cis or trans isomer of a small alkene
Using Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules f or alkenes
Assigning E and Z labels to simple alkenes
Naming and drawing cis- and trans-disubstituted cycloalkanes
Identif ying a chiral molecule f rom its condensed structure
Identif ying chiral centers in an acyclic organic molecule
Identif ying chiral centers in a cyclic molecule
Drawing the mirror image of a simple organic molecule
Identif ying the enantiomer of a simple organic molecule
Using Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules f or small organic molecules
Assigning R and S labels to small acyclic molecules
Assigning R and S labels to small cyclic molecules
Spectroscopy (5 topics)
Understanding terms used to describe NMR spectra
Converting chemical shif t to absorption f requency
Identif ying the protons with unique NMR signals in a simple molecule
Identif ying the protons with unique NMR signals in a molecule with a double bond
Identif ying the protons with unique NMR signals in a molecule with a ring
Organic Reactions and Mechanisms (15 topics)
Classif ying organic reactions
Recognizing substitution, addition, elimination, reduction, and oxidation in organic reactions
Interpreting the components of organic reaction equations
Identif ying nucleophiles and electrophiles in a reaction mechanism
Using a model reaction to predict the product f or a similar reaction
Using the Hammond Postulate to predict the starting material or products of a reaction
Identif ying possible mechanisms f or a reaction using a reaction coordinate diagram
Identif ying bond changes in Lewis structures f or an organic reaction
Identif ying bond changes in skeletal structures f or an organic reaction
Determining the product of a reaction mechanism that shows a sigma bond change at an explicit atom
Drawing the mechanism f or a reaction that shows a sigma bonding change with partially condensed Lewis structures
Drawing the mechanism f or a reaction that shows multiple bonding changes with partially condensed Lewis structures
Determining the product of a reaction mechanism drawn with skeletal structures
Page 7 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationDrawing a mechanism on skeletal structures f or a reaction with no implicit bond changes
Drawing the mechanism f or an acid base reaction involving an implicit hydrogen atom
Substitution Reactions (15 topics)
Naming and drawing alkyl halides
Identif ying primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides
Identif ying electrophilic carbons in an alkyl halide
Identif ying the important roles in a nucleophilic substitution reaction
Predicting the product of a nucleophilic substitution reaction
Comparing leaving group ability and nucleophilicity in substitution reactions
Drawing the steps f or an SN2 or SN1 mechanism
Drawing an SN1 mechanism including deprotonation
Understanding the stereoselectivity of a nucleophilic substitution reaction
Understanding how nucleophile strength impacts the mechanism in a substitution reaction
Understanding how the degree of substrate substitution influences the mechanism of substitution
Identif ying resonance stabilized carbocation intermediates in substitution reactions
Predicting the eff ect of carbocation stability on the rate of reactivity
Predicting the correct substitution products f or the reaction conditions.
Drawing the correct substitution mechanism f or the reaction conditions.
Elimination Reactions (12 topics)
Identif ying beta hydrogens
Identif ying the important roles in an elimination reaction
Predicting the product of an elimination reaction
Recognizing regiochemistry in elimination reactions
Predicting major and minor elimination products
Drawing the steps f or an E2 or E1 mechanism
Understanding how the degree of substrate substitution influences the mechanism of elimination
Understanding how the base influences the mechanism and products of elimination
Recognizing the anti-periplanar requirement f or E2 elimination
Predicting the correct elimination products f or the reaction conditions.
Drawing the correct elimination mechanism f or the reaction conditions
Predicting the major products when both substitution and elimination are possible
Applications of Substitution and Elimination (10 topics)
Predicting the products of symmetric alcohol dehydration
Drawing the mechanism of the reaction of HX and an alcohol
Drawing the mechanism of HX addition to an alcohol with a shif t
Drawing the mechanism of acid-catalyzed alcohol dehydration
Using alcohol dehydration to synthesize an alkene
Preparing an alkyl halide f rom an alcohol in one step
Using substitution and elimination on alcohols via tosylates
Preparing an acyclic ether f rom an alcohol in two steps
Predicting the products of nucleophilic epoxide ring opening
Predicting the products of acetylide ion additions
Electrophilic Addition Reactions (21 topics)
Recognizing common alkene addition reactions
Recognizing regiochemistry in HX or H2O alkene addition
Inf erring an HX or H2O alkene addition f rom its products
Recognizing when alkene addition creates chiral centers
Recognizing syn and anti alkene addition
Drawing the first step in the mechanism f or acid-catalyzed alkene addition
Drawing the ionic mechanism f or HX alkene addition
Drawing the mechanism f or acid-catalyzed alkene hydration
Drawing the mechanism f or H2O or HX alkene addition with a shif t
Predicting the products of HX alkene addition with stereochemistry
Predicting the products of alkene hydration via acid catalysis or hydroboration-oxidation
Fixing mistakes in an H2O or HX alkene addition reaction
Predicting the products of alkene hydration via oxymercuration-demercuration
Predicting the products of alkene halogenation with stereochemistry
Predicting the products of alkene halohydrin f ormation with stereochemistry
Predicting the reactants or products of alkene hydration
Designing two-step syntheses using addition, elimination, and substitution reactions
Predicting the products of alkyne halogenation or hydrohalogenation
Recognizing keto-enol tautomerization
Drawing the mechanism f or keto-enol tautomerization
Predicting the products of alkyne hydration
Organic Oxidation and Reduction (16 topics)
Deducing oxidation state f rom a Lewis structure
Identif ying oxidation and reduction in organic reactions
Ranking relative oxidation or reduction f or a set organic molecules
Predicting the reactants or products of alkene hydrogenation
Page 8 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationPredicting the reactants or products of carbonyl reduction
Predicting the products of alkene hydrogenation with stereochemistry
Predicting the products of alkyne hydrogenation
Choosing reagents f or the reduction of ketones and aldehydes
Predicting the reactants or products of carbonyl reduction using metal hydride reagents
Predicting the reactants or products of nitrile reduction
Predicting the products of alkene dihydroxylation
Predicting the products of alkene ozonolysis
Predicting the reactants or products of alcohol oxidation
Predicting the reactants or products of alcohol and aldehyde oxidation
Choosing reagents f or the oxidation of an alcohol
Predicting the products of alkene epoxidation
Radical Reactions (4 topics)
Ranking the stability of hydrocarbon radicals
Predicting the mechanism and products of a radical reaction step
Predicting the products of alkane halogenation
Predicting the products of allylic bromination
Conjugated Pi Systems (14 topics)
Identif ying conjugated double bonds
Identif ying where a conjugated alkene may be protonated
Predicting the products of electrophilic addition to conjugated alkenes
Predicting the products of simple Diels-Alder reactions
Predicting the products of a Diels-Alder reaction with a cyclic diene
Deducing the reactants of a Diels-Alder reaction
Using the Huckel Rule to Identif y Aromaticity
Predicting the products of benzene halogenation, nitration, and sulf onation
Predicting the products of Friedel‑Craf ts alkylation or acylation
Using Friedel-Craf ts reactions f or synthesis
Identif ying electron-donating and electron-withdrawing eff ects on benzene
Understanding how substituents activate or deactivate a benzene ring
Understanding directing eff ects in electrophilic aromatic substitution
Predicting the products of electrophilic aromatic substitution with multiple directing groups
Carbonyl Chemistry (39 topics)
Drawing the mechanism of aldehyde or ketone hydration
Predicting the reactants or products of hemiacetal and acetal f ormation
Drawing the mechanism of hemiacetal f ormation
Drawing the mechanism of acetal f ormation
Predicting the reactants or products of acetal hydrolysis
Drawing the mechanism of acetal or hemiacetal hydrolysis
Predicting the products of cyclic acetal and hemiacetal f ormation or hydrolysis
Choosing reagents and conditions f or acetal f ormation or hydrolysis
Predicting the reactants or products of an imine or enamine f ormation reaction
Choosing reagants f or a Wittig reaction
Predicting the reactants or products of reductive amination.
Predicting the products of organometallic additions to aldehydes and ketones
Predicting the products of organometallic substitution with carboxylic acid derivatives
Determining how mild and strong organometallic reagents react with carbonyl compounds
Predicting the reactants or products of esterification
Predicting the reactants or products of ester hydrolysis
Predicting the products of ester saponification
Predicting the reactants or products of amidation
Predicting the products of amide hydrolysis
Drawing the mechanism f or Fischer esterification
Predicting the relative rates of generic nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions
Predicting the products or reactants f or the nucleophilic acyl substitution of an acid chloride
Drawing the mechanism f or the nucleophilic acyl substitution of an acid chloride
Choosing conditions f or the transf ormation of a carboxylic acid to a carboxylic acid derivative
Predicting the reactants or products of nitrile hydrolysis
Identif ying acidic alpha H atoms in ketones, aldehydes, and esters
Identif ying acidic alpha H atoms in 1,3-dicarbonyl and related compounds
Drawing the mechanism of enol halogenation
Predicting the products of enolate alkylation
Understanding the steps of an acetoacetic ester synthesis
Understanding the steps of a malonic ester synthesis
Drawing the mechanism f or an aldol addition
Predicting the products or reactants of an aldol condensation
Predicting the product or reactant of an intramolecular aldol condensation
Drawing the mechanism f or the first step of a Claisen condensation
Predicting the products or reactants of a Claisen condensation
Predicting the product or reactant of a Dieckmann condensation
Predicting whether a carbon nucleophile adds 1,2 or 1,4 to a carbonyl or nitrile
Page 9 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationPredicting the products or reactants of a Michael addition
Carbohydrates (19 topics)
Understanding the descriptive vocabulary of monosaccharides
Drawing the Fischer projection of the enantiomer of a monosaccharide
Drawing the Haworth projection of an aldose f rom its Fischer projection
Drawing the Haworth projection of a ketose f rom its Fischer projection
Naming and drawing cyclic monosaccharides
Identif ying a given carbon in a cyclic monosaccharide
Naming and drawing the products of aldose oxidation and reduction
Identif ying the parts of a disaccharide
Knowing the names and properties of common sugars
Identif ying common polysaccharides
Understanding the glycosidic links in common polysaccharides
Knowing inputs and outputs of glycolysis
Completing a simplified diagram of glycolysis
Completing a simplified diagram of glucose catabolism
Solving carbohydrate catabolic stoichiometry problems
Understanding the biochemistry of digestion
Knowing inputs and outputs of the citric acid cycle
Understanding the general mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation
Solving citric acid cycle ATP stoichiometry problems
Lipids (17 topics)
Understanding the basic descriptive vocabulary of f atty acids
Understanding lipid number notation
Understanding melting points trends of f atty acids
Identif ying the components of wax esters
Identif ying the parts of a triacylglycerol
Identif ying the parts of a glycerophospholipid
Identif ying the parts of a sphingomyelin
Identif ying molecules that could be in a cell membrane
Recognizing the steroid nucleus
Classif ying lipids derived f rom f atty acids
Matching structure and f unction of common lipids
Predicting the products or reactants of triacylglycerol hydrogenation
Predicting the products or reactants of triacylglycerol hydrolysis or saponification
Knowing the steps of beta oxidation
Predicting the product of beta oxidation activation
Knowing inputs and outputs of beta oxidation
Solving f atty acid catabolic stoichiometry problems
Proteins (22 topics)
Recognizing alpha amino acids
Classif ying amino acids
Identif ying the stereochemistry of natural amino acids
Understanding the general acid-base properties of amino acids
Identif ying and drawing peptide bonds
Describing peptides with 3-letter codes
Identif ying specific interactions between residues in a protein
Predicting the location in a protein of a residue sequence
Naming an element of protein secondary structure f rom a description
Identif ying changes at diff erent levels of protein structure
Predicting reactants or products of phosphorylation
Predicting the products of phosphoester or phosphoanhydride hydrolysis
Understanding major biochemical energy storage and release reactions
Understanding the f ormation and hydrolysis of acyl-CoA
Knowing basic f acts about enzymes
Classif ying enzymes
Identif ying common redox coenzymes by their roles in a reaction
Identif ying reactants and products f rom an enzyme name
Understanding basic models of competitive and noncompetitive inhibition
Predicting the eff ect of temperature or pH on enzyme activity
Predicting the products of catabolic amino acid transamination
Completing a diagram of protein catabolism
Nucleic Acids (12 topics)
Recognizing nucleotides
Numbering the carbons in nucleotides
Naming and drawing nucleosides
Naming and drawing nucleotides
Understanding the arrangement of hydrogen bonds in DNA base pairs
Understanding the structure of nucleic acid strands
Writing complementary DNA sequences
Page 10 / 11 Copyright © 2024 McGraw Hill - ALEKS® is a registered trademark of ALEKS CorporationUnderstanding that DNA replication is semiconservative
Identif ying the major types of RNA f rom a description
Understanding the relationship between DNA and mRNA base sequences
Using the genetic code
Classif ying mutations
*Other Topics Available By def ault, these topics are NOT included in the course, but can be added using the content editor in
the Teacher Module.
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