Science Detectors at Sofradir and ASTEROID Program Overview - Opticon
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Science Detectors at Sofradir and ASTEROID
Program Overview
Bruno FIEQUE (Project Coordinator)
OPTICON Meeting, 5th November 2018 (Heraklion, Greece)
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY
Agenda
■ Sofradir general presentation
■ Sofradir in Space
■ Science & Astronomy detectors at Sofradir
■ ASTEROID program
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 2
Sofradir, a merchant market supplier
A merchant market positioning
Two major defence and security global players
shareholders
□ 50% Thales
□ 50% Sagem (Safran Group)
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 3
Sofradir and subsidiaries
Turnover – 2015 : €227M
760 people 2017
Turnover 2015
1000: 204 M€
people
1986
730 people –
Turnover 2017 :
142 M €
2008 2002
20 people 200 people
Turnover Turnover 2017:
2017: 76M€
9.6 M€
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 4
Sofradir is located in well-known European centers
area for infrared and optronics
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 5
Sofradir offers all services for space
applications
Studies (preliminary evaluation of technologies, development of new building blocks, development of new products)
Customized detectors for programs launched by space agencies
COTS products used “as it is” or with minor customization
Military applications Civilian applications Deep space science,
Astronomy
Surveillance Meteorology Planet studies (Venus, Mars, Mercury)
Mission preparation Agriculture surveillance Asteroids studies
Early Warning System Global warming studies Telescopes
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 6
Sofradir is the European leader
for FM deliveries
A unique position in Europe: we are the only space-qualified IR detector European
company to have delivered scores of flight models :
■ 70 Flight Models already delivered over the past decade
S2A
ExomarsTropomi Total FM in Space= 37
Hayabusa & SGLI
70 Sentinel-2 : 12 new
Sofradir detectors in
60 Phobos-Grunt space since June 2015
Cumulated nb of delivered FM
50 Exomars: + 3FM in
2016
40
Spirale (x2) Tropomi: + 1FM in
30 2017
20Venus Express
Helios 2B SGLI: + 2FM (dec 17)
We foresee ~20-25 FM
Helios
10 2A launched in space in
0
the next 3-5 years
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 7
Space experience / HgCdTe Experience
■ More than 70 Flight Models ■ Full detector manufacturing
delivered
chain mastering
■ 36 FM are today in various
spacecrafts
■ Detectors covered wavelenght
from ViSNIR to VLWIR
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 8
ESA previous astronomy
development studies
results
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 9
Context of the studies
■ The objective of the studies is to answer European Space Agency (ESA)
needs for their Cosmic Vision program (2015-2025) including science and
astronomy applications
■ What ESA needs :
□ NIR/SWIR Large Format Arrays (LFA)
□ Products made by an European manufacturer
□ Components capable of working in low fluxes environments (i.e low noise and low
consumption capability)
■ ESA studies launched for 8 years to develop science
detector at Sofradir, CEA LETI, CEA IRFU
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 10Building blocks
ROIC : SFD input Stage LPE (MBE) epitaxy - p/n
technology
Non destructive reading
Low flux and low noise High QE
Low consumption Low dark current
3 designs already made at Sofradir / CEA-LETI More than 10 years experience in p/n technology
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 11Highlight Performances
QE~75%
500 1000 1500 2000 250
0
(*) Crouzet P.-E., Proc. SPIE 9639, 96390X (2015) RON : 11.4 e- to 11.5 e-
Dark Current ~ 0.5e-/s
Glow zone
due to ROIC
outputs
amplifiers
Crosstalk ~ 1%
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 12Characteristics and Performances of DUT
Parameter Value
Format 640x480, 15µm pitch
PV technology p/n
Input stage Source Follower
Operating wavelength 0.8- 2.1µm
Cutoff wavelength 2.1µm
Quantum efficiency 74% mean value
Operating temperature 100K
Dark current (at 100K)Large Array Programs
Status
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 14Strategy for science detector
2 projects - 2 complementary goals – 1 common Strategy
■ ALFA :
□ Detector development 2048x2048 – 15µm pitch NIR/SWIR
□ ESA funding
■ ASTEROID :
□ Technology development for large scale ALFA detector manufacturing
□ European Commission funding
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 15Astronomy Large Focal Array
ESA Program
Labex FOCUS fundings
Goal :
■ develop 2048x2048 15µm pitch NIR/SWIR for science and astronomy
applications
Schedule
■ Started December 2016
■ End expected Mid-2019
Partner involved : Sofradir – CEA-LETI – CEA-IRFU
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 16ALFA ROIC architecture
■ Stitching to access large ROIC size
■ 30x30mm²
■ SFD input stage - p/n compatible
■ Science mode for low noise & flux
operation
■ 1, 4, 32 outputs
■ Windowing mode
■ Reference pixels for noise reduction
■ Hard Rad
■ Glow reduction optimization
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 17Operating modes
Operating modes main characteristics
ROIC reset types
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 18ALFA ROIC : Simulation results (1/2)
Power consumption
■ Science mode
□ Lower than 3mW in 32 outputs ROIC power consumption in Science mode
□ Lower than 1mW in 1 output
ROIC power consumption in Fast mode
Linearity of analog chain in Science mode
■ Lower than 1% over the electrical dynamic
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 19Performances summary
Simulation results at ROIC design level
Parameter Goal value Evaluated value
Size 2048 x 2048 2048 x 2048
Pitch 15 x 15 µm² 15 x 15 µm²
Output number 32 1, 4, 32
Linear well charge handling capacity (CHC) ≤ 60 ke- 135 ke-
Non-Linearity ≤ 3% < 3%
Readout noise (single CDS) ≤ 18e- rms ~ 11e-
Cross-talk ≤ 3% < 3%
Power consumption
Science mode (32 output) < 50 mW @ 70K 3 mW
Fast mode NS 100 mW
Readout speed ≥ 100 kHz 100 kHz
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 20SVOM / COLIBRI: First ALFA detector user
Thanks to French actors cooperation, ALFA will be integrated for a first Astronomy
application: CAGIRE camera for COLIBRI
■ COLIBRI : ground IR telescope for SVOM mission
Actors:
■ CEA: Characterization of the sensor – Expert Scientist on the camera.
■ CPPM: Integration of the sensor with the NGC card developed by ESO – Controller settings and detailed
characterization of the sensor with its controller.
■ IRAP: Project Management – Development of the cryostat and Control/Command – Integration of the
sensor in the cryostat – Detailed characterization of the camera – Integration of the camera at OAN/SPM
in Mexico.
■ LAM: PI of COLIBRI – System Engineering – Integration of the camera at OAN/SPM in Mexico.
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 21SVOM / COLIBRI: First ALFA detector user
Sino-French SVOM : Chinese National Space
Agency (CNSA) and the French Space Agency
(CNES)
(Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects
Monitor) mission for understanding of the GRB
(Gamma-Ray Bursts) phenomenon
■ GRB use to understand the infancy of the Universe.
■ Best compromise between space and ground
instrumentation http://www.svom.fr
□ Onboard instruments : detection of the GRBs, their
localization, the study of the prompt emission and the
early detection and follow-up of visible afterglows.
□ The ground segment : fast distribution of the alerts, the
localization of GRBs
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 22READOUT NUMBER OF
RESET MODE FAST
MODE OUTPUT
SCI pixel by pixel 1 0
ALFA ROIC validation status
SCI pixel by pixel 4 0
SCI pixel by pixel 32 0
SCI line by line 1 0
SCI line by line 4 0
SCI line by line 32 0
SCI global 1 0
SCI global 4 0
SCI global 32 0
FAST line by line 32 1
FAST global 32 1
WIN NA 1 0
■ ROIC Probe test on wafer : test plan
WIN
WIN
IPC
NA
NA
NA
4
32
1
0
0
0
validation status ROIC mode of operation
■ Continuities and ESD protections
■ Leakage on digital inputs
■ Serial interface communication Example of serial interface communication
■ Readout time diagram (for all modes of operation)
■ Analog chain output range (for all modes of operation)
■ Power consumption (for all modes of operation)
■ IPC mode
Analog chain transfert function
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 23ALFA ROIC validation status
■ Prove that stitching foundry process
demonstrates no interconnect issues
■ Give a feedback to ROIC designers to
update ROIC datasheet
■ Prove the ability of Sofradir to address
very large ROIC : >2000x2000 15µm pitch
Thumb in front of 1st ALFA wafer
5/11/2018 Competition
Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANYSensitive
PROPRIETARY 24ASTEROID program 5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 25
Asteroid program
■ ASTronomy EuROpean Infrared Detector
■ European consortium (H2020 program
contracted with European Commission)
□ 3 European industrials (SOFRADIR, EVG
and SME ADDL)
□ 2 research organisations (CEA and IFAE)
ADDL
■ Main goal : to develop the technology that will
make Europe non-dependent for large IR
detectors compatible with large volume
production
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 26Asteroid program : Eu consortium
Partner Country Main scientific and technical contribution
FRANCE global program management as leader of the consortium.
MCT wafers manufacturing in order to ensure technology transfer at industrial level.
SOFRADIR
hybridization of the test vehicle
expected packaging able to receive the 2k² IRFPA for testing.
FRANCE CEA (LETI Institute) is in charge of the development of scaled up MCT wafers
CEA CEA (IRFU Institute) is in charge of the characterization of the SWIR p/n technology
as expert in testing high performances IR detectors
AUSTRIA EVG is in charge of process adaptation for scaling up the ROIC manufacturing line
EVG at SOFRADIR.
SPAIN IFAE is in charge of the testing of 2k² hybridized FPA
IFAE
FRANCE ADLL will be in charge of the FE thermomechanical modeling of the 2k² hybridized
ADDL structure itself.
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 27Asteroid program goals
ASTEROID Technology Development
ROIC development Hybridization
MCT detection circuit
development
development
Stitching development Hybridized FPA size
CdZnTe substrate size 2k² 15 µm pitch hybridization
Silicon wafer post-processing 4’’ CdZnTe substrate development
improvement development Structure optimization through thermo-
HgCdTe epilayer size mechanical and optical modeling of
Development of 4’’ Liquid hybridized FPA
Phase Epitaxy process
Epilayer size for p/n diode
processing
Definition of the industrial
manufacturing line for 4’’ p/n
diode processing
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 28ASTEROID Progress
This first part of the program was
mainly oriented on the tooling
development for manufacturing and
testing.
After one year of progress, Asteroid
program has already demonstrated
results :
■ CdZnTe ingot growth and post processing.
The first ingots with very large size has
been done and characterized.
■ With the substrates extracted from these
ingots, epitaxy wafer with 4’’ have also
been manufactured at CEA LETI
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 29ASTEROID Progress
EVG has worked on new Silicon wafer post
processes and results are promising for large
8’’ ROIC wafer sizes. The collaboration with
Sofradir will help to upgrade the ROIC
industrial line taking into account the large Interconnection (Billes + Vacuum) MCT (HgCdTe)
wafer size challenge.
ROIC (Silicon)
ADDL is developing dedicated modeling
software in order to assess the thermo-
mechanical constraints on the 2K² detector at
cold temperature. This evaluation and
complex calculations will allow to potentially
adapting the hybridization process, post- 2K² structure modelling
process, tooling and packaging.
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 30ASTEROID Progress
IFAE laboratory and CEA-IRFU have worked
on the test plan and mean preparation for
next year (2019) tests and characterization.
Sofradir and CEA-LETI have worked on the
CdZnTe wafer and 4’’ epitaxy process
preparation and Sofradir has also worked on First hybridized mock-up 2048x2048
hybridization process adaptation for such manufactured at Sofradir
large detector.
ALFA ROIC wafers have been procured in
early September 2018 and first hybridization
will be done by the end of the year.
Packaging concept
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 31Acknowledgements
..and all people involved at CEA-LETI, CEA-IRFU, Sofradir…
5/11/2018 Bruno FIEQUE - COMPANY PROPRIETARY 32You can also read
