State of the art vaccines for sustainability, profitability and fish welfare - Ben North, PHARMAQ UK
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State of the art vaccines for sustainability, profitability and fish welfare Ben North, PHARMAQ UK
Making a vaccine: from idea to
licensed product
Identification - process development – production – validation – documentation - license
Slide No. 2
Vaccination for sustainability
Slide No. 3
Vaccination and sustainability
60 Antibiotic usage in Norwegian salmon farming 700
Fish production (’000 tonnes)
1000 metric tonens of salmonids produced
* 600
No. kgs of antibiotics (in thousand)
50
500
40 *
400
30
*
300
20
200
10 100
*
*
0 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
0
Slide No. 4
Geographical distribution of Positve Farm sites in X Voigue (CMCH)
Diciembre
Region. Updated July 31, 2008 Chelín Sur (MH)
20 Diciembre
Planchada (MH)
20 Diciembre
Puchilco (MH)
25 Julio Buill (S. Humboldt) Punta Cuem (MH)
Mayo
y 12 Diciembre
Aldachildo (MH)
26 Julio Putique (MH) Aguantao (MH)
Mayo
y 28 Diciembre
Cahueldao (AC)
26 Julio Chelín Norte (MUL) Puyao (MH)
Mayo
y 21 Enero
Curaco de Lin-Lin
((MH)) 06 Agosto
g Matao (C.PAC) Chulchuy (MH)
Mayo
y 21 Enero
Cheñiao (MH)
g
13 Agosto Quenac (S.ANT) Tanecuhe (MH)
Junio 23 Enero
S. Juan de Chadmo
((MAI)) 20 Agosto
g Guamblad (P.STAR) Guamblad (AQCH)
Junio 04 Febrero
Chalihué (INV)
g
28 Agosto Auchac (INV) Llicaldad (MH)
Junio 04 Febrero
Apabon (MH)
p
24 Septiembre Cahuach (MH) Lin-Lin (MH)
18 Febrero 06 Febrero
Lincay (MH)
p
26 Septiembre San Pedro (P.STAR) Conchas Blancas (MH)
Junio 07 Febrero
Teliupta (MH)
11 Octubre Isla Guar (S.MAU) Pta. Aguantao (MAI)
Junio Febrero
Chalihué (MH)
11 Octubre Ichuac (AC) Alao Sur (MH)
Junio 18 Febrero
Chelín Bajo (MH)
19 Octubre Meulin (INV) Alman (P.STAR)
Junio Marzo
Terao (MH)
24 Octubre Chauco (MAI) Teupa (MAI)
Julio Marzo
Huenao (MH)
31 Octubre Traigen (INV) Pta. Llancacheo
Julio (CMCH)Abril
( )
Quinchao (MH)
30 Octubre Yelcho (CAM) Cachihué(CMCH)
Julio Abril
Imelev (MAI)
Octubre Fiordo Largo (FB) Ahoní (CAM)
Julio Abril
Quellón V (AQCH)
05 Noviembre Bahía Edwards (FB) Pitihorno (MUL)
Julio Abril
Yaotal (MH)
Noviembre Leutepu (GMT) Apiao (MUL)
Julio Abril
Peldehue (MH)
06 Noviembre Isla Tac (CMCH) Quilen (MAI)
Julio Abril
Huelmo (MH)
12 Diciembre Faro Mauchil (AQCH) B. Corcovado
Julio (P.STAR)
( ) Abril
Huar Sur (MH)
Diciembre Chilco (FB) Tenaun (H&T)
Julio Mayo
y
Huar Norte (MH)
20 Diciembre
Outbreak Suspicious
ISA in Chile – effect on sea launch and production
of salmonids
Source Kontali Anaysis ,* PHARMAQ estimate
Slide No. 6
Developing our ISAV vaccine; an R&D
success story
• Choice of ISAV strain
• Developing a reproduceable challenge model
• Optimisation of culture process for a cost-effective vaccine
• R&D investment ISA projects cost more than 7 mill USD
• ALPHA JECT micro1 ISA , mono-valent ISA vaccine licensed March
2010
• ALPHA JECT 5-1a penta-valent vaccine; licensed May 2010
• AJ micro 1 ILA June 2010 (accepted for sale in Norwegian ISA zone)
Slide No. 7
Vaccination for improved profitability
Slide No. 8
Introducing ALPHA JECT Panga 1
• ALPHA JECT Panga 1: Monovalent Edwardisella ictaluri
• Granted an observational licence in 2011; first
commercial scale vaccination now underway
• Benefits demonstrated in the Panga 1 field trial:
– Increase survival and yield
– More uniform size (fewer under/over sized fish
rejected from filet factory)
– Reduced likelihood of infection from other pathogens
– Reduced antibiotic usage
– Reduced production cost
– Reduced risk for farm owner
Slide No. 9
Vaccination for profitability
Slide No. 10 10SRS field trail: cumulative mortality
and growth
Fewer antibiotic interventions required in fish vaccinated with PHARMAQ vaccines
(4 compared with 7 treatments in the mixed and competitor vaccinated fish)
Slide No. 11Vaccination for improved
fish welfare
12Minimising side-effects: ILAB
extended safety testing
Every batch of vaccine is tested for efficacy and
vaccine safety at external accredited laboratories
before approval for release;
• VESO Vikan (efficacy)
• Norwegian Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Research, Kårvika (safety 6 wks. post-vaccination
with double dose)
Additional testing is carried out in-house by PHARMAQ:
• ILAB, Bergen (6 & 12 wks @ 17oC i.e. worst case
scenario)
• Consensus meetings
• This is over and above any regulatory requirements
and provides additional assurances to the safety of
PHARMAQ vaccines
Slide No. 13PHARMAQ-SalmoBreed-NOFIMA
Vaksinering: 4 mars 2008
Merkemetode: PIT 150 families
Evaluering: 6mpv(nov-2008) (blindet) Vaccine: AJ6-2 vs. AJ Micro 6
Mean adhesion score per family (n=15/family)
4
AJ 6-2 adh = 2.3
3,5
AJ Micro 6 adh = 1.7
ALPHA JECT Micro 6
3
2,5 After 12 months, groups
of fish injected with
2
ALPHA JECT Micro 6
1,5 revealed an 8 % average
1
higher weight compared
to fish injected with an
0,5
0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4
ordinary 0.1 ml dose of AJ
ALPHA JECT 6-2 6-2.
Slide No. 14Current challenges and future
developments in fish vaccination
Slide No. 15Challenges to be overcome
• Protecting fish throughout the entire production cycle:
– FW diseases affecting fish too small for I.P. Vaccination
– Diseases affecting fish towards the end of the production cycle; challenge
could be >1 year after vaccination
• IP barriers:
– Compatibility with other supplier’s vaccines
– Necessity for two separate vaccination operations (↑stress ↑cost)
• Limitations on space in the vaccine i.e. how many components can fit
into one jab?
• Consumer perception and regulatory barriers to different vaccination
technologies e.g. recombinant, live, DNA etc.
• Translating the success seen in high value species like salmon to low
value high volume markets.
Slide No. 16Concluding remarks
• Vaccination is now an integral part of commercial
aquaculture of high value species e.g. salmon, bass
bream.
• Now need to translate the success seen in high value
species like salmon to low value high volume markets.
• Vaccination can:
– prevent most bacterial diseases
– reduce mortality caused by viral diseases
• Efficacious vaccines has been one of the main drivers
behind the global success of salmon farming.
• Successful vaccination outcomes rely on correct
administration of products to healthy fish.
Slide no. 17Thank you for your attention
PHARMAQ/SalmoBreed
Average weights of fish vaccinated with AJ 6-2 or AJ Micro 6 in 150 families, 6
months after seawater transfer
1600
1400
1200
1000
Vekt (g)
800
600
400 Fulldose
Redusert dose
200
0
All families plotted as a function of increased weight in AJ Micro 6 vaccinated fish - 0.05 ml dose
Groups of fish injected with ALPHA JECT Micro 6 revealed an 8 % average higher weight compared to
fish injected with an ordinary 0.1 ml dose of AJ 6-2.
Average weight for AJ Micro 6 vaccinated fish was 1080 gram.
Average weight for AJ 6-2 vaccinated fish was 1002 gram.
Slide No. 15Vaccination in the poultry industry
• Widespread use of live and recombinant vaccine
• Vaccination of day old chicks
• Delivery: in-ovo, spray/inhalation, oral, injection
• 43 day production cycle for broilers
• Not unusual for >20 vaccines to be administered
• DIVA vaccine control strategies e.g. AI
Images courtesy of Worldpoultry.net
Slide No. 17You can also read
