SURREY UNCOVERED Why local giving is needed to strengthen our communities - Surrey Uncovered
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SURREY UNCOVERED Why local giving is needed to strengthen our communities Surrey Uncovered by Siân Sangarde-Brown
ABOUT SURREY
SURREY HAS:
·11 BOROUGHS
·206 WARDS
·709 LOWER SUPER OUTPUT AREAS (LSOAs)
1 Spelthorne 4 Woking 7 Waverley 10 Reigate and Banstead
2 Runnymede 5 Elmbridge 8 Mole Valley 11 Tandridge
3 Surrey Heath 6 Guildford 9 Epsom and Ewell
1
2
5
3
9
4
10
6
11
8
7
An LSOA averages approximately 1,600 How the data was collected Community Foundation for Surrey section
people, and 650 households. LSOAs do All data is the latest available at the on Surrey-i. It includes issues, data and
not have names and are referenced time of writing from many sources. The further information on LSOAs, Wards
by codes, e.g Guildford Westborough 2011 Census has been used extensively. and Boroughs in the county, and will be
012D Further 2011 Census categorical data regularly up-dated.
will continue to be released by the
Percentages are rounded where Office of National Statistics. www.surreyi.gov.uk
appropriate. Numbers are real, except
where only estimates have been Surrey County Council’s Surrey-i website
available. A smoothed figure describes has been used extensively during the
an approximation that attempts to preparation of this report and we have
capture a pattern. worked in partnership with Surrey
County Council to create a bespoke
© Copyright Community Foundation for Surrey1
SURREY UNCOVERED
This report is both thought provoking and surprising. The research uncovers the significant need in our
local communities and, using the latest statistics, tells a story about the stark inequalities and social
disadvantage throughout Surrey.
The report looks at the overall statistics for Surrey but, more importantly, drills down to the local level so that the very real need
is not masked by adjacent affluent areas. It reveals the reality of living in Surrey for those that are struggling and need help -
problems such as high child poverty, unemployment, isolated older people and a high proportion of low income and lone parent
households. This data can also be viewed on the Community Foundation’s bespoke section of Surrey-i, Surrey County Council’s
information website. Working in partnership with Surrey County Council, the data will be constantly up-dated and is easily
accessible for each local area across Surrey providing a focus of the key needs across our county.
Key findings • The number of people over 65 is We hope that you will find this report
Shockingly, in a number of areas across expected to rise by nearly a third informative and that it will help to
Surrey, more than 30% of children and in the next 20 years, and there are build a strong understanding about
young people live in poverty, some increasing numbers of people suffering community needs. It provides a powerful
areas being significantly worse than the from dementia, increasing problems of case for increasing local philanthropy
national average. For such an affluent fuel poverty and greater isolation and and underpins our primary purpose
county this is unacceptable, loneliness amongst older people of inspiring local giving. It is a call
with long- term multiple consequences to action for all those in Surrey that
for the children and families affected. A vision for Surrey can help – giving locally and building
Yet there are proven solutions and These are problems on our doorstep permanent community resources that will
experienced community and voluntary and within our own local communities continue to generate on-going income
groups that can change lives, if they have - problems that with support and help year after year to help transform lives.
the resources. can be solved.
Equally surprising, 1 in 4 under 15 The Community Foundation for
year-olds in Surrey is either overweight Surrey is dedicated to inspiring more
or obese. Surrey also has a significantly people in the county to support their
worse record for the number of hours local communities. We have made
that 5-18 year-olds take part in sport a successful start, awarding £3.5
compared to the national average. million in grants to support over
1,300 local community projects since
Other areas of concern include: the Foundation was established 8
• A dozen wards have a higher rate of years ago. The Foundation has also
mental health issues amongst children built over £6.5 million in permanent
and young people than the national invested funds which continues to
average generate on-going income to improve
• One in three children receiving free people’s lives - but there is much more
school meals leaves primary school to do.
with substandard Maths and English
– twice as many as those children not Our vision is of local giving supporting
receiving free school meals local people; of permanent community
• Approximately one child in 20 is resources and of local village and
disabled and the income of families town funds. It is an inspiring vision
with disabled children is more than where philanthropy significantly
23% below the UK average income increases the resources available and
• Since 2001, there has been a 22% ensures that funding gets right to where
increase in lone parents, above the it is needed - to tackle community
17% rise nationally needs and to help the most vulnerable
• Domestic abuse is higher than expected and isolated across our county.
and cuts across all areas of society
• In one area of Surrey nearly 10% Professor Patrick Dowling Wendy Varcoe
of homes have no central heating CBE FRS DL Executive Director
ChairmanABOUT OUR SPONSORS The Community Foundation for Surrey would like to thank a donor for supporting the costs of the research and our generous sponsors enabling the Foundation to design and print Surrey Uncovered. CCLA is pleased to support the publication of this important research which will bring into view matters which really should demand more of our attention. CCLA is already working very closely with the Community Foundation for Surrey and other members of UK Community Foundations on a major philanthropic campaign called ‘Community First’ - a programme supported by the Cabinet Office and led by the Community Development Foundation to help communities come together to identify their strengths and local priorities in order to plan for their future and become more resilient. CCLA is one of the largest UK charity fund managers. We have half a century’s experience in providing competitive and attractive investment management services that help our clients achieve their aims. Our products and services have a strong long-term performance record, are fairly priced, managed responsibly and in a manner consistent with our clients’ ethics. Our people understand charities and public sector organisations, their particular needs and challenges. Our ownership ensures our stability and independence. CCLA is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. ExxonMobil is proud to support the Community Foundation for Surrey’s latest community needs report. Last year we invested just over £1.4 million in projects and initiatives in the UK & Ireland; we give a special focus to neighbourhoods where we have a business presence. ExxonMobil has business activities in most countries around the world; wherever we operate, we try to contribute to the local community. Through the employment we offer and by investing in the neighbourhoods where we operate, we contribute to local prosperity and stability and also help to ensure these are good places for our employees, their families and our neighbours to live. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Edited by Davina Patel Many people have given their time, much valued comments and commitment to the production of this report. Particular thanks are owed to the following: David Frank Graham Williams Peter Hampson Wendy Varcoe Laura Thurlow Davina Patel Kathy Trott Holly Maskell Trustees and Staff of the Community Foundation for Surrey.
02/03
CONTENTS
1. PEOPLE 05 3. SOCIETY 29
CHILDREN, YOUNG PEOPLE AND FAMILIES 07 HEALTH & WELL-BEING 31
- Children from ethnic backgrounds 08 - Physical activity 32
- Children in need 08 - Obesity 32
- Parenting 08 - Teenage conception & pregnancy 32
- Lone Parenting 10 - Infant mortality 33
- A family where a parent is disabled 10 - Alcohol misuse 34
- Parents with poor mental health 11 - Illegal drugs 34
- Children & young people with a disability 11 - Mental health 36
- Children & young people with mental health issues 12 - Eating disorders 37
- Young Offenders or young people at risk of offending 12 - Smoking 37
- Childhood obesity 12 - Standardised mortality rate under 75 (premature death) 37
- Bullying 13 - Carers 38
- Internet safety & cyber bullying 13 - Education 39
- The social gap widens 40
OLDER PEOPLE 14 - Post education, pre work 41
- The skills gap 41
- Disability & ill health 15 - Arts & culture 42
- Dementia 15
- Income deprivation & fuel poverty 16
4. ECONOMY 43
2. PLACE 17 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE 45
ENVIRONMENT 19 - Business & enterprise 46
- Labour market 46
- Getting around: Transport & Infrastructure 20 - Unemployment 46
- Cultural diversity & community cohesion 22 - Worklessness 47
- Safety 22 - Barriers to work 47
- Domestic abuse 23 - Disability & employment 48
- Housing & well-being 24 - Youth unemployment 48
- Overcrowding 26 - Income inequality 50
- Who lives in these homes? 26
- Homelessness 28
5. THRIVING COMMUNITIES 51
HELPING COMMUNITIES TO THRIVE 53
- Local giving – How does it work? 53
- Improving lives – What have we achieved? 53
- Philanthropy – What are the benefits of giving? 54INTRODUCTION Surrey is perceived as a universally affluent and successful county, and amidst its natural beauty and shiny veneer, many communities and groups who experience poorer outcomes are overlooked. This report sets out to pinpoint the inequalities that exist and to guide funders and philanthropists on future areas of support. The difference between rich and poor, This county’s inhabitants are major and how different people live is at contributors to the UK’s wealth, and its most extreme in Surrey. Parts of only a few London boroughs have a the county including Elmbridge, Mole higher GDP per capita. Weybridge Valley and Waverley are amongst the has the second-highest number of top handful of wealthy areas in the UK. millionaires in the UK and yet in one Hidden amongst them, are individuals Weybridge ward there is deprivation, Siân Sangarde-Brown and families living in poverty, mostly comparatively high unemployment and Author of Surrey Uncovered in small neighbourhoods either in the long- term illness. centre or on the edge of towns, or There is a cluster of households in Siân was a business and isolated at the end of country lanes. Horton Park in Epsom and Ewell with management teacher for twenty Central to the measurement of the third highest average income per years, before becoming directly inequality is the difference between home in the UK. This is in Ruxley ward, involved in community and third high and low, less or more, but it is the one part of which is amongst Surrey’s sector issues. She carried out inequities that ensue that we are really most deprived areas, where child the initial research which helped trying to tackle. By dealing with the poverty is double the county average to establish the Community root causes, the inequities are ironed of nearly 11%. Foundation for Surrey. out and equality ideally follows. Extreme wealth disparity has a Other commissions have The pay gap sees families living cheek negative impact on health and well- included a report on by jowl with others who live millionaire being, especially for those living in International Migration for lifestyles. What effect does this have the midst of it. We are fortunate that Surrey County Council; training on the social fabric and cohesion in access to essential services is universal, and infrastructure needs for our county? The largest gap might be but it is apparent that the level to Surrey’s voluntary sector; work at the end of your road, or hidden in which a person takes advantage of on public sector ‘equality of the next street. People in areas with the these opportunities depends on their access’ for minority groups, and greatest disparity, often know hardly degree of self-reliance and resilience. geographical and issue based anything about their neighbours, and The headline figures about Surrey ‘needs analysis’ that encourage have little or no interaction. are impressive, and so it’s necessary local strategic solutions. Income inequality amongst working- to look in the nooks and crannies of age people has risen faster in Britain statistics, to tell the story of people than in any other rich nation since the and places, and to make sure that they mid-1970s. The annual average income don’t remain hidden in the aggregate of the UK’s top 10% is about 12 times figures. Let’s begin. higher than that of the bottom 10%. This is a third higher than the average income gap of other developed nations. Many working families live in poverty, and over half of the new benefit cuts will affect such families.
1.PEOPLE Liquid Connection’s Freestyle residential camp, one of the projects the Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors have been able to support
Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People
PEOPLE
KEY FACTS &
FIGURES IN SURREY:
In 2011 Surrey had a population of
1,132,390
5-18 year olds
There are approximately
10,500
children and young people
participate in significantly less
sport than the national average
with disabilities aged 0-19
Approximately 6.9%
27,000
children and young people, over
Population growth
in Surrey between
10% of the 0-19 population, live 2001 & 2011
in poverty in Surrey with the highest rates of growth in
the 0-4,15-19 and 65+ age ranges
28%
Growth of people aged
There are over
21,000
65+ living in Surrey
by 2033 lone parents in Surrey,
a 22.4% rise since 200106/07
PEOPLE
CHILDREN, YOUNG “By the age of 5, disadvantaged Out of 709 LSOAs only 19 have no
PEOPLE & FAMILIES children have a vocabulary almost child poverty. In one LSOA in Central
one year behind that of children from Redhill, 37% 0-16 year-olds are living
Most children in Surrey do middle income families.”1 in poverty.
well, but some are more at risk
of not fulfilling their potential Differences in the home learning However, over 40% of youngsters
because of one or more life environment, particularly at the age living in poverty do not live in
circumstances that prevents of three, are shown to be an important deprived areas.
them from doing so. explanatory factor in vocabulary levels.
It is reported that only 42% of poorer
Many are related to parental issues, children are being read to every day 23 LSOAs
have more than
30 %
but poverty is often found to be a compared to 79% of children from the
contributory factor, especially when richest families2.
coupled with another issue.
Leaving school with fewer qualifications
Poverty is a relative concept. ‘Poor’ translates into lower earnings over
people are those who are considerably the course of a working life. Although
worse off than the majority of the work does not provide a guaranteed
of 0-16 year-olds living
population. Professor Peter Townsend, route out of poverty in the UK. 62% of
in poverty, which is above
a leading authority on UK poverty, children growing up in poverty live in a
defines relative poverty as when household where at least one member
the national average
someone’s “resources are so seriously works3.
below those commanded by the
average individual or family that they The overall rate of child poverty in
are, in effect, excluded from ordinary Surrey is 10% with 27,240 of 0-19 Research from Save the Children
living patterns, customs and activities”. year-olds (10.2%) living in poverty, details the effects of poverty on UK
and 10.6% of 0-16 years-olds. children’s well-being, with parents
Poverty shapes children’s development. Spelthorne has the highest rate at cutting back on food (61%), skipping
By their second birthday, a child from 14%. However, at the local level meals (26%), not replacing children’s
a poorer family is already more likely child poverty is significantly higher outgrown shoes (19%) and winter
to show a lower level of attainment than with many LSOAs having over 30% coats (14%), missing school trips (19%)
a child from a higher-income family. of children living in poverty, which is and having to borrow to make ends
above the national average. meet (80%).
Numbers of under 20’s in Surrey and % increase between 2001 and 2011 Census:
ALL AGES AGE 0-4 AGE 5-9 AGE 10-14 AGE 15-19
6.9 %
INCREASE
13.5 %
INCREASE
0.3 %
INCREASE
3.5%
INCREASE
13.2 %
INCREASE
2001 Census: 1,059,000 2001 Census: 62,800 2001 Census: 65,600 2001 Census: 65,300 2001 Census: 59,800
2011 Census: 1,132,400 2011 Census: 71,300 2011 Census: 65,800 2011 Census: 67,600 2011 Census: 67,700
Increase of 73,400 Increase of 8,500 Increase of 200 Increase of 2,300 Increase of 7,900
1 The Sutton Trust 2010
2 Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2010
3 HBAI, An analysis of the income distribution 1994/95 – 2010/11DWP (2012)Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People
Every year, well over 1 in 3 children The five wards where children’s needs are highest are:
receiving free school meals leave
primary school with substandard maths 1. Westborough (Guildford)
and English - around twice as many 2. Merstham (Reigate & Banstead)
as children not on free school meals 4. 3. Stanwell (Spelthorne)
In Surrey 10,792 school pupils are 4. Maybury and Sheerwater (Woking)
eligible for free school meals 5. 5. Old Dean (Camberley)
Surrey’s Children, Schools and Families
Directorate have identified the wards
across as high need areas because of
adult statistics in terms of:
• Lower levels of breastfeeding
• Higher prevalence of smoking
in adults
• Higher rates of adult and child
mental health issues, particularly
in mothers
• More families affected by domestic
violence
• Higher levels of parental
unemployment The proportion of children from Gypsy, housing problems required support, they
• Lower education levels in adults. Roma and Traveller communities attaining occurred as a result of parental issues,
5 A*-C including Mathematics and English such as lack of engagement with the
Children from ethnic at GCSE is typically 6.5%; this is 55% child or inability to maintain
backgrounds less than their non Gypsy, Roma and an adequate home environment6.
Traveller peers.
School Census data shows that in The number of vulnerable children
Surrey’s schools there is an upward Children from these communities are requiring social care support as Children
trend in the percentage and number more likely to live in poverty and in more in Need has also risen by 20% from 1
of minority ethnic pupils. There is also insecure accommodation than the rest October and 31 December 2010 from
great ethnic diversity, with nearly of the population. The community suffers 2,725 to 3,301. These children are likely
190 languages spoken in Surrey’s poorer physical and mental health, and to have experienced abuse or neglect,
maintained schools in 2013. a young person is likely to achieve lower family dysfunction, acute distress in the
than average educational outcomes. family, or have a significant disability or
Access to school is sporadic, depending illness.
on family, hence literacy and numeracy
Surrey has the 4th largest attainment is not universal. Parenting
Gypsy, Roma and
Traveller community in Children in need Parents and carers have the largest
Britain numbering at least impact on a child’s outcomes. Evidence
10,000
The number of children on a Child supports that the more a parent is
Protection Plan between February 2010 involved and interested in a child’s
and September 2011 rose by 40% from health, well-being and learning,
500 to 700. the better the child’s adjustment,
achievement, social and cognitive
Children become subject to protection development.
plans due to a range of parenting issues.
The diagram on the next page records New parents are particularly receptive
the reasons from case conferences to new ideas, and patterns created
(involving 506 children) held between 1 during the critical early years of life
October and 31 December 2010. These impact on future life chances, health and
show that although education issues and well-being.
4 National Statistics (2010)
5 Families in Poverty Needs Assessment, Surrey County Council (2011)
6 Surrey-i08/09
PEOPLE
Children on a Child Protection Plan 2009/10:
5% 9% 10 % 10 % 14 % 26 % 26 %
PARENT/ PARENT/ CHILD PARENT/ HOUSING DOMESTIC PARENT/
CARER CARER EDUCATION CARER PROBLEMS VIOLENCE CARER
LEARNING ABUSING ISSUES ABUSING MENTAL
DIFFICULTIES DRUGS ALCOHOL HEALTH
Parental substance misuse • Informal relationships - with extended Children learn through example, so
Substance misuse can cause family members, neighbours, friends may grow up thinking that violence is
considerable harm physically to the and friends’ families - were very the way to resolve conflict.
unborn baby. Research shows that important, but that such support was
alcohol is the most dangerous of the seldom reliable or unconditional.
neurotoxins affecting the brain during In Surrey, nearly
pregnancy, more so than illegal Domestic violence 12,000 incidents
substances. Research with children suggests domestic of domestic abuse
violence has implications for education,
were recorded by
Children are at risk from emotional health, welfare and criminal justice.
and physical neglect as they grow Surrey Police and
up because of its potential impact on Children and young people who live approximately
parental capacity. with domestic violence and abuse report a third involved
feeling:
alcohol in 2011/12
They also risk developing emotional and
social problems later in life. Parental • Powerless, because they cannot
drug and alcohol misuse creates multiple stop the violence
problems for children. • Confused, because it does not
make sense Research suggests that outreach and
Research with young people aged 15-27 • Angry, because it should not support groups, where children and
with parents suffering from substance be happening young people can meet others who
misuse by the Joseph Rowntree • Guilty, because they think they have had similar experiences, are
Foundation found that they felt: have done something wrong very much valued. The opportunity
• Sad, because it is a loss to move to the safety of a refuge
• Their parents were unable to provide • Afraid, because they may be hurt generally outweighs the discomfort and
consistent practical or emotional care or lose someone they love or that disruption of moving away from home.
• The effects of drug and alcohol abuse others may find out
were similar, but that drug abuse • Alone, because they think it is
brought with it increased anxiety happening only to them or they
and social stigma, whilst the abuse are not being believed.
of alcohol was more associated with
violence and parental absence Effects include physical harm by
• Many of their childhood had been being caught up in the violence,
shortened through having to assume and children, particularly teenagers,
early responsibility for their own and are vulnerable to being hurt through
others’ well-being intervening in a violent incident.Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People
Family stability
Family stability is a key factor in
370 - 450
a child’s future well-being and
950 -1,150
achievement. Whatever the structure
of the family, the most vital need for
a child is continuous nurturing in a Estimated number of families
caring home. Estimated number of families with multiple problems &
with multiple problems* a child with SEN or
In July 2011 the DfE estimated that there
were approximately 950-1150 families
behaviour problems^
in Surrey (1,921 children in total) facing
multiple problems.
Research shows that deprivation has * Families with multiple problems (FMP) are defined as those who have 5 or more of the following
negative effects on all, and single disadvantages (FACS, 2004): No parent in the family is in work; family lives in poor quality or
parents are twice as likely to live overcrowded housing; no parent has any qualifications; mother has mental health problems; at least
in poverty and will also suffer from one parent has a longstanding limiting illness, disability or infirmity; family has low income (below
multiple disadvantages7. 60% of the median); family cannot afford a number of food and clothing items.
^ FMP and at least one child with Special Education Needs (SEN) or behaviour problems
We know that nearly 75% of under (excluded from school, involvement with the police or ran away from home)
19 year-olds living in poverty in
Source: SCC/Surrey NHS Joint Strategic Needs Assessment
Surrey live in a household with one
parent. The number of children living
in separated families that have no In 2011 women accounted for 92% In Surrey we have many military families,
financial arrangements in place is over of lone parents with dependent children. and service children have very different
50%. Research shows that when the Single parents are at a greater risk needs to most families and children.
separation has been amicable, more of multiple disadvantages than couple They invariably move school often and
financial security is present 8. parents, and children from single parent one of their parents is deployed elsewhere
households may suffer increased negative in the UK or overseas at regular intervals.
Lone parenting outcomes. The strain of separation and dislocation
can be overwhelming. Families sometimes
Lone parents understandably tend to be have to endure bereavement, or physical
resource short in both time and money or mental damage to a parent as a result
compared to two parent families, and
both impact on a child’s development.
Financial hardship can entail poor
21,227 of deployment.
A family where a
lone parents in Surrey:
housing, health problems, poor nutrition parent is disabled
Up
22 %
and fewer material resources for
nurturing children. There are many young people under the
age of 18 in Surrey who are caring for
The cost of losing benefits and needing family members. The average young carer
childcare often make it hard for lone is most likely to be:
parents to enter employment. This makes
them more susceptible to falling into a since 2001; above • In a family with a lone parent
cycle of part-time or low paid work and the 17% rise nationally • Suffer from social or economic exclusion
unemployment, with the result that the • Only be aged 12 years old.
family live in poverty9.
Many lone parents combine working and Young carers aged 16-18 years are
Children of lone parents are more likely bringing up children without the need for twice as likely to be not in education,
to be an ‘only’ child, have a mother assistance. For others circumstances can be employment, or training (NEET) and
aged under 25, have a sibling with a difficult especially financially, emotionally almost a third care for someone with
disability, live in social housing or be in and physically. Some are parenting alone a mental health problem11.
the lowest income quintile10. because the other is working away from
home, has died, or is in the armed forces.
7 Ipsos MORI and Policy Exchange, Families in Britain: The impact of changing 9 HM Treasury, Ending Child Poverty: Everybody’s Business (2008)
family structure and what the public think (April 2009) 10 DWP (2010) Families with children in Britain: Findings from the 2008 Families
8 Government’s response to the Consultation on Strengthening Families, Promoting and Children Study (FACS).
Parental Responsibility: the future of child maintenance (2011) 11 Barnardo’s10/11
PEOPLE
The 2011 Census revealed that nationally Parents with poor The most common primary disability
8.8% of young carers cared for more than mental health needs are listed as speech, language
50 hours a week. or communication difficulty, Autistic
In a baby’s first 18 months, the Spectrum Conditions and moderate
A report for Surrey Young Carers in emotional circuits are forming the way learning difficulties15.
2012 found that: it behaves, thinks, feels, and develops
memories. In January 2010, there were over 5,350
• There are currently an estimated children and young people in Surrey with
12,000 young carers under the age of Around 14% of mothers in the UK a Statement of Special Education Needs.
18 in Surrey with many thousands more experience Post Natal Depression Pupils with special educational needs are
18-24 year-olds who have significant (PND), and one study found that 4% more than nine times more likely to be
caring responsibilities remaining of fathers experience depression in expelled than their peers in England16.
unrecognised and unsupported. the first year. Having a partner who is
• 45% of young carers aged 16-17 depressed can act as a trigger.
reported that, due to their caring tasks,
Approximately
1in20
they had missed between 2-6 days A survey by Surrey-based charity, Cedar
education in the fortnight prior to the House Support Group, which supports
consultation. those with PND highlights the need for
• Schools and colleges had failed to free therapy with a specialised PND
identify their caring responsibilities. counsellor and peer support. 26% of
• Over 70% of young carers aged 16-24 women asked said they were advised to under the age of 16 is
felt emotionally upset about the tasks seek private counselling due to lengthy disabled. Only 8% of these
they had to complete in the course of NHS waiting lists for counselling. 75% of
families get help from their
their caring role. Two thirds felt they women asked said they would attend a
had been abandoned and “did not support group with other sufferers free of
local services17
matter” anymore. For just over 40% of charge. And finally 97% of the women
them, for some of the time, “life did not asked said they would find it helpful if
seem worth living”. the counsellors had experienced PND
themselves. These statistics reflect a Westborough ward has
Parenting in some cases may be impaired national representation12. above average lone
and the young person is disadvantaged parents, and households
in terms of education, social life and Children & young with one adult aged 65+.
future prospects. They are inevitably at people with a People living in social and
risk from suffering mental health issues. disability private rented property is
above average, as is over-
The income of families with disabled
There are currently children averages 23.5% below the
crowding, and the number
of households with no car
an estimated 12,000 UK average income, and only 16 % is twice the average. 44%
young carers under of mothers with disabled children work, have no qualifications and
the age of 18 in compared to 61% of other mothers13. over 12% of the population
Surrey, with many are claiming working age
However, it costs up to three times as benefits. Over 14% have a
thousands more much to raise a disabled child as it does limiting long-term illness
18-24 year olds to raise a child without disabilities14. or disability and 25%
who have significant It is estimated that in Surrey there are of children are living in
caring responsibilities about 10,500 children and young poverty. Only 37% achieve
people with disabilities aged 0-19. 5 A*-C GCSEs (inc English
remaining and Maths) or equivalent,
unrecognised and and 22 are NEET. The
unsupported incidents of anti-social
behaviour and domestic
violence are substantially
higher than the average
12 www.postnataldepression.com 15 SCC Applewood, Equalities Impact Assessment (July 2012)
13 Contact a Family 16 Contact a Family
14 Contact a Family 17 Contact a FamilySurrey Uncovered 2013 - People
1IN4
CHILDREN IN SURREY ARE EITHER OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE.
Over 50,000 2 to 15 year-olds in Surrey are either overweight or obese18
Children & young is likely to cause a number of issues The Joint Strategic Needs Assessment
people with mental such as lower attainment levels at all in Surrey has used The National
health issues stages of education; higher numbers Child Measurement Programme which
of children and young people measures and weighs children in
Government statistics show that one in needing social services support; and Reception and Year 6, estimates that in
10 children aged 5-16 in the UK has lower proportions of young people 2009/10:
a clinically diagnosable mental health participating in education, training
problem. Half of people with lifelong or employment (PETE). • 6.7% of 4-5 year-olds were obese and
mental health problems experience their a further 12.1% were overweight
first symptoms by the age of 14. Young offenders or • 13.9% of 10 -11 year-olds were obese
young people at risk and a further 14.1% were overweight
A YouGov survey of more than 2,000 of offending
young people across the UK found Both age groups show boys are more
that 1 in 5 had symptoms of Home Office research shows that 42% likely to be obese than girls.
depression and almost a third (32%) of young people aged 10-17 who had
of the 16-25 year-old’s surveyed had experienced low or medium levels of
Only 52% of Surrey’s
thought about or attempted suicide. supervision had offended.
29% of respondents said that they had 5-18 year-olds
self-harmed. The figure was only 20% for those participate in three
who had experienced high levels of hours of sport or
Worryingly more than half of all adults supervision. Providing support for the
PE a week, which is
with mental health problems were families of offenders is very important,
diagnosed in childhood and less than particularly as 65% of boys with significantly worse
half were treated appropriately at a convicted parent go on to offend than the English
the time. Around 72% of children in themselves. average19
care have behavioural or emotional
problems - these are some of the most Childhood obesity
vulnerable people in our society.
Around 95% of imprisoned young Childhood obesity continues to be one
offenders have a mental health of the most important health issues
disorder; with many struggling with facing children and families today.
more than one.
Evidence suggests children with at
The Old Dean, a ward in Camberley, least one obese parent are three to
has been recognised particularly four times more likely to be obese
for mental health issues for children themselves indicating the need to
and young people. The effect of adopt a whole family approach.
poor mental health in young people
18 Henry in Surrey Report (2010) 22 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures
19 South East Public Health Observatory 23 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures
20 Department for Children, Schools and Families: TellUs Survey (2010) 24 Stonewall Guasp, The School Report: the experiences of young gay
21 NSPCC/ChildLine facts and figures people in Britain’s Schools (April 2012)12/13
The data showed few spikes at borough Internet safety &
46 %
level, but when compared to the county cyber bullying
averages:
A new study from Netmums has found
• Spelthorne had 2% more 4-5 that many parents are not aware about
year-olds who were ‘classed’ obese what their children are doing online and
• Woking had 3% more 10-11 year-olds about the actual length of time they are
who were ‘classed’ obese sitting in front of a screen. of children and young people
• Runnymede had nearly 3% more nationally say they have been
overweight 4-5 year-olds The average age for British children to bullied at school at some
• Epsom & Ewell had nearly 3% more, start going online is three, and children point in their lives21
and Spelthorne over 3.5% more are spending double the amount of
overweight 10-11 year-olds. time online each day than realised by
their parents.
Bullying
Three quarters of parents believe their
Bullying is still a concern for children and child spends under an hour a day online,
young people in England. In 2009/10, when it is in fact two hours a day. 1 in 7
29% of children and young people in children are so ‘hooked’ on the internet
England experienced bullying, and this they spend four hours or more in front of
was the main reason that boys called a screen. The ‘two screen’ phenomena
ChildLine20. is omnipresent, and many are connected
through a screen at the same time as
• Almost half (46%) of children and young watching the television.
people nationally say they have been
bullied at school at some point in their Awareness is dawning about the semi-
lives21 translucent organisational structure of
• 38% of disabled children worried about life online and the inappropriate sites
being bullied22 and information that can be accessed
• 18% of children and young people who by our children. Extreme sites such as
worried about bullying said they would those around anorexia and suicide, and
not talk to their parents about it23 grooming through social networking
• Over half (55%) of lesbian, gay sites are all huge issues, but for many
and bisexual young people have young people it is the abuse and speed
experienced homophobic bullying with which it can happen that is more
at school24 worrying.
• A survey of pupils in England estimates
that 4.4% of young people aged 11-15 • 38% of young people have been
are frequently absent from state school affected by cyberbullying, and girls are
or home educated because of bullying25. twice as likely to experience persistent
cyberbullying as boys26
• 26% have received abusive emails
and 24% have received abusive text
messages. 28% of children did not tell
anyone about the abuse27
• In a survey for Childnet in February
2013, the right to be educated about
staying safe online was voted in the
top 10 rights on both the primary and
secondary surveys.
25 Red balloon: Estimating the prevalence of young people absent from 27 The Diana Award: Young People voices on cyber bullying (2011)
school due to bullying (2011)
26 The Diana Award: Young People voices on cyber bullying (2011)Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People
Estimated numbers of older people by Surrey borough: 2013-2020:
Projected 65+ & 85+ Population 2013 to 2020
ELMBRIDGE EPSOM & EWELL GUILDFORD
2013: 22,800 2013: 13,200 2013: 22,600
2020: 25,500 2020: 15,000 2020: 25,400
% increase 65+: 11.8% % increase 65+: 13.6% % increase 65+: 12.4%
% increase 85+: 19.5% % increase 85+: 19% % increase 85+: 23.5%
MOLE VALLEY REIGATE & BANSTEAD RUNNYMEDE
2013: 18,900 2013: 24,700 2013: 15,100
2020: 21,300 2020: 28,400 2020: 16,900
% increase 65+: 12.7% % increase 65+: 15% % increase 65+: 11.9%
% increase 85+: 25% % increase 85+: 24.4% % increase 85+: 29.2%
SPELTHORNE SURREY HEATH TANDRIDGE
2013: 17,900 2013: 15,200 2013: 17,000
2020: 19,500 2020: 17,500 2020: 20,000
% increase 65+: 8.9% % increase 65+: 15.1% % increase 65+: 17.6%
% increase 85+: 25.9% % increase 85+: 45% % increase 85+: 32.1%
WAVERLEY WOKING
2013: 25,200 2013: 15,300
2020: 28,800 2020: 17,500
% increase 65+: 14.3% % increase 65+: 14.4%
% increase 85+: 28.6% % increase 85+: 29.2%
Source: Surrey JSNA Elderly People28
OLDER PEOPLE • There are currently 30,000 over 85s The issues raised by Britain’s ageing
in Surrey, who account for 2.6% society are many and varied, and our
The number of people aged of the population communities seem to be ill prepared for
85+ is continuing to grow • 195,000 or just over 17% of people the dramatic changes they will bring.
and Surrey has seen a 25% rise living in Surrey are aged over 65
since 2001. Spelthorne and • While 1 in 6 is currently aged over Statistics show us that generally, people
Surrey Heath have experienced 65, by 2050 1 in 4 will be in Surrey live longer than the national
increases of around 40%. ONS • Mole Valley currently has 21% average. This will impact quite significantly
estimates that those aged over of its population aged over 65, on the resources needed to care for
80 years will almost double by the highest in Surrey, and Woking people with age-related illnesses, as well
2030. the lowest at 15% as other support. With the continued
• Over 30% (223) of LSOAs have 20% increase in the cost of living, some
• The number of over 65s living of their population aged over 65, and people’s savings and pensions will be
in Surrey will grow 28% by 2033. 8%(56) have over 25% inadequate to enable people to avoid
This is on top of the 13% increase • There are 15 LSOAs that have 30% “cliff-edge retirement” by working part-time
already experienced between the last of their population aged over 65, or flexibly in their 60s and 70s.
two census points. The government but some of these have communities
expects the number of over 65s to for older people sited within them. The Department for Communities expects
have doubled by 2050 a 60% increase in households headed
by somebody aged 65 or over.
28 Surrey’s Joint Strategic Needs Assessment14/15
Estimated number of health-
In 2011 there were 15,100 people in Surrey related issues for people aged
with dementia; of which 14,830 people were over 65 during 2013:
over 65 and 294 people had early onset
LIMITING LONG-TERM ILLNESS
dementia. This number is predicted to rise
to 19,000 by 202031 80,616
DEPRESSION
18,042
What we do know is that in today’s Other health-related issues that are likely
society there is not enough money for to affect older people and estimated SEVERE DEPRESSION
health. When the NHS was founded,
nearly 50% of the population died by
figures for possible episodes this year
are shown on the right. All of these
5,802
the age of 65; now the figure is less figures are expected to increase by DEMENTIA
than 20%. Unbelievable as it seems to between 12-17% by 2020, except for
us, globally two thirds of all people who dementia which might rise by over 20%. 15,842
have ever reached the age of 65 are still
alive today. Dementia MODERATE OR
SEVERE HEARING IMPAIRMENT
When older people do require services
and support, the reasons vary:
Dementia is one of the five most common
chronic diseases closely associated
91,086
with old age. Two thirds of people with UNABLE TO MANAGE AT LEAST
• The effects of existing conditions, dementia live in the community while ONE MOBILITY ACTIVITY
illnesses and impairments may have
reached the point where existing
one third live in a care home.
39,926
support is no longer enough to ensure Characteristics of people with
DIABETES
safety and well-being dementia:
• The development of new illnesses and
conditions which are most commonly
25,730
experienced in old age (e.g. dementia, FALLS
56,493
Parkinson’s disease)
• The impact of frailty, which can include
limited mobility, risk of injury, sensory
FALLS LEADING
impairments and incontinence 1IN100 1IN25 1IN 6 TO HOSPITAL ADMISSION
• Loneliness, isolation and depression29. is 65-69 is 70-79 is 80+
4,474
Disability & ill health
MODERATE OR
Disability in older people is expected to SEVERE VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
rise by 37% between 2010 and 2030
according to the ONS. The number
18,575
1IN 3 2IN 3
of care home residents is likely to rise is 95+ are Health condition caused by
rapidly. Public and private spending women 30
on social services for older people is HEART ATTACK
predicted to more than double over the
same period.
The effect of an ageing population will
impact on the numbers of people living 10,176
with dementia, the health and social
STROKE
care needs of people with dementia,
and the needs of their carers. 4,801
BRONCHITIS OR EMPHYSEMA
3,485
29 Alzheimers Society
30 Alzheimers Society
31 Dementia and Mental Health Services for Older People in Surrey Commissioning
Strategy (2010-2015)Surrey Uncovered 2013 - People
Income deprivation Age UK have made some
Part of Onslow in
& fuel poverty recommendations about the kind
of services that might be run by Guildford is ranked
Income deprivation is linked community organisations and have 7th out of 709 LSOAs
to health inequality and when positive outcomes in helping people in Surrey for income
considering how this affects remain in the community including:
older people in Surrey, the
deprivation affecting
spotlight is thrown onto some • Practical support at home the elderly
areas that we do not normally The majority of older people want to
focus on. remain in their own homes for as long
as possible and practical support can
It is surprising to find part of Onslow in have a positive impact. Befriending
Guildford ranked 7th out of 709 LSOAs schemes, signposting of information,
in the county for income deprivation home adaptations and support with
affecting the elderly, although it household chores can improve their
wouldn’t normally show up as an area quality of life greatly
of concern. As well as containing • Loneliness and isolation
the University of Surrey, Onslow also The causes of loneliness not only stems
contains a community of older people from physical isolation but lack of
and a large area of social housing. companionship. Group activities are
Good neighbourhood schemes work particularly valuable in helping older
well in these areas as they improve people out of loneliness and isolation,
sociability and dissipate isolation, as especially when they take the form of
well as other supportive opportunities. preventive physical and mental well-
being approaches
In addition to the general risks • Information and advice
associated with deprivation, older Information and advice services that
people are at more risk of being are designed to target the specific
admitted to hospital or dying if they needs of identified groups, such as
suffer from “fuel poverty” in the winter older people, are more effective than
months. those that focus on the interests of
agencies
• Technology
The Department of Fewer people aged 65+ have access
Energy and Climate to the internet than younger age
Change report that groups, but numbers are increasing
on average while rapidly. Conversely, older people who
do have home access use the internet
the wealthiest 10% more than other age groups, and are
of households devote increasingly accessing information,
almost 3% of their advice, goods and services via the
spending to energy, internet. Computer clubs can help
older people remain safe online
the poorest 10% thorough providing training and
spend 8% on energy support.
in the home18/19 2.PLACE Volunteers constructing a ‘bug house’ at Limpsfield Community Orchard, which has been supported by the Community Foundation for Surrey’s donors
Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place
PLACE
KEY FACTS &
FIGURES IN SURREY:
Surrey is the most
DENSELY POPULATED
county in the South East
Since 2011
there has been a
25%
increase in statutory
73 %
homelessness,
and a 24% increase in
households in temporary
accommodation
OF SURREY
is designated green belt
12,000
domestic violence incidents were reported
in one year, and 1/3 involved alcohol
Nearly
20 % 10 % of residents in Mount Hermon West,
Woking have no central heating
of Woking’s population
was born outside the UK
compared to 8.7% in Tandridge,
representing the highest & lowest
figures for the county18/19
PLACE
There is no doubt that Surrey is ENVIRONMENT Around 64% of residents work within
a great place to live, with many Surrey borders, with a further 20%
accolades attesting to this. Surrey covers 1,670km2, which commuting to London, 9% of whom
is equivalent to 8.7% of the total commute to Outer London boroughs.
The ONS Life Satisfaction Survey 2011- area of the South East region.
12 ranked Surrey 15th nationally, and As can be seen in the diagram below,
13th when residents were asked how Surrey accounts for over 13% of the some areas are far more densely
worthwhile they thought their life was1. region’s population, making it the most populated than others. Epsom and
The Halifax Rural Areas Quality of densely populated and the third most Ewell and Spelthorne are about six
Life Survey found Waverley to be first populated county in the South East. times more densely populated than
in Great Britain and Tandridge 17th Dense urban areas exist inside the M25 Tandridge and Waverley.
against key indicators covering the to the north of the county and in the large
labour market, housing, environment, towns of Guildford, Woking, Reigate, The amount of land that is available
education and health. Redhill and Farnham. These urban areas for development is restricted. There is
cover just 34% of the county, but 83% of a housing shortage and our level of
However, hidden within this affluence the population live in them. resource consumption is high, making
are pockets of need and deprivation waste and recycling major concerns.
that many are oblivious to. Three quarters of the county is
designated green belt compared with
just 16% of the region as a whole.
Surrey’s Area and Population Density (persons per hectare) as shown in the 2011 Census:
1 SPELTHORNE 2 RUNNYMEDE 3 SURREY HEATH 4 WOKING
21.3 persons 10.3 persons 9.1 persons 15.6 persons
5 ELMBRIDGE 6 GUILDFORD WAVERLEY MOLE VALLEY
7 8
13.8 persons 5.1 persons 3.5 persons 3.3 persons
9 EPSOM & EWELL 10 REIGATE & BANSTEAD 11 TANDRIDGE
22 persons 10.7 persons 3.3 persons
• Staines
• Egham 1
2
• Esher
• Chertsey • Weybridge
3 5
• Epsom
• Camberley • Cobham
4 • Woking 9
• Leatherhead
10 • Caterham
• Oxted
6 • Reigate
• Guildford • Dorking 11
8
• Farnham
• Lingfield
7
• Haslemere
1 ONS Subjective Well-being APS (Mar 2011-Apr 2012)Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place
Percentage of population who Surrey encompasses suburbs that border Surrey’s popularity as a place to live
live within 2km of a 20 hectare outer London and vast green areas of and work has negative impacts on
local authority recreation site: farmland, small towns and villages. its environment, which includes loss
of land and habitat, impact on water
Surrey is the most wooded county in Great quality and the effects of noise.
Britain with 22% woodland coverage
compared to a national average of 12%. Getting around:
73% of Surrey is designated green belt Transport &
infrastructure
0-54%
and 25% is designated as ‘Areas of
Outstanding Natural Beauty’.
Surrey shares its borders with
Surrey has two ‘Areas of Outstanding Greater London, Kent, East
Elmbridge Natural Beauty’ (AONB) - the Surrey Hills Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire
and a small part of the High Weald which and Berkshire. Its proximity
starts in Tandridge. Surrey Hills is one to London, both Heathrow and
of the most wooded AONBs in the country Gatwick airports, and access
with 40% covered by woodland, and 25% to major arterial roads, frequent
is publicly accessible open green space. rail services into London and
For the most part many people in Surrey beyond, makes Surrey an
live close to a sizeable green space. attractive county both for
business and for people to live in.
Pollution
76-86%
Surrey has a high average level of The connectivity index is based on
household car ownership at 87%, proximity to and presence of airports;
compared to the national average of number of rail stations; ports and
Guildford, Reigate & Banstead, 73%. Coupled with a rising population motorway junctions. The resulting
Runnymede, Spelthorne, growth and the demand for smaller figure provides an indication of an
Tandridge, Waverley households, this puts undeniable pressure area’s connectivity, with figures over
on Surrey’s environment and its pollution 100 indicating a higher than average
levels. level of connectivity.
As a whole, the county has marginally
better air quality than the national average
All Surrey boroughs
but poorer than the rest of the South East. include rural
Elmbridge, Epsom and Ewell, Runnymede populations.
and Spelthorne have poor air quality in These vary from under
comparison to the rest of the South East.
10% in Reigate &
86-99 %
However, Waverley’s air quality is 21%
better than the national score2. Banstead, Epsom &
Ewell, Runnymede,
Epsom & Ewell, Mole Valley, High pollution episodes can trigger Spelthorne and
Surrey Heath, Woking increased admissions to hospital and
contribute to the premature death of those
Woking to over
people that are more vulnerable to daily 45% in Tandridge,
changes in levels of air pollutants. Waverley and Mole
Valley
Combatting transport’s role in pollution is
Source: The South East Public Health Observatory
an increasing local and national priority.
Since 2005, there has been a 7.8%
reduction in carbon dioxide in absolute
figures and 10% per capita reduction3.
2 Index of Multiple Deprivation 2010 Air Quality Score
3 Surrey Climate Change Strategy20/21
PLACE
Connectivity Index (2005). Figures over 100 indicate a higher level of connectivity:
135 91
Surrey South East England
117 304 44 41 117 158
Elmbridge Epsom & Ewell Guildford Mole Valley Reigate & Runnymede
Banstead
260 104 51 29 201
Spelthorne Surrey Heath Tandridge Waverley Woking
Source: ONS
Proximity to the M25, major railway operational capacity, where flow
connections and airports makes many breakdown is increasingly occurring,
Approximately 13%
areas of Surrey particularly accessible and results in congestion5. of Surrey households
both nationally and globally. Epsom have no access to a
& Ewell, Spelthorne and Woking are Surrey’s population density varies car, but this rises to
all at least twice the national average considerably across the county.
for connectivity, whilst the more rural Demand for travel is therefore
38% in the Sythwood
boroughs score poorly, although the expected to increase in densely area of Woking, and
rail network to London is extensive in populated areas. over 41% living in
most parts of the county. central Epsom
Traffic flow on A-roads in Surrey is
The majority of people, 59% of almost double the national average,
residents, travel around Surrey by car. hence transport related problems are
Of all the trips to schools in Surrey, a major concern for people living and
38% are made by car4. working in the county. 2009, the figure for Surrey was 52%.
Congested roads and dispersed travel
The major arterial roads in Surrey are While bus services in London had patterns present challenges for bus
currently operating close to or above an overall satisfaction rate of 80% in operation6.
4 The Surrey Local Economic Assessment
5 The Surrey Local Economic Assessment
6 Public Transport Statistics Bulletin GB: 2009 Edition; Department for Transport NHT (National Highways & Transport Network) Public Satisfaction Survey 2009Surrey Uncovered 2013 - Place
In 2010, a total of 5,331 people were practising Hinduism has increased by
46%
reported as injured in road collisions in 4% in one ward, but only 1% in the
Surrey. Of these, 41 were killed and 520 borough. Only three other wards in
were seriously injured. 43 children under the South East match these figures, two
the age of 16 were killed or seriously in Slough and one in Wycombe. The
injured7. statistics also reflect that there have been
Of Surrey residents who were decreases of 2% in those who describe
In rural areas public transport’s viability is born overseas have arrived themselves as Christian and 5% in those
limited because of distances to amenities in the UK since 2000 who describe themselves as having no
and lower population densities. This religion across Woking, but 29% and
increases the risk of social exclusion and 14% decreases respectively in Maybury
restricted opportunities for many children and Sheerwater.
and young people living in these areas
who have limited access to a car. Many Safety
community workers report that often
20%
people they are working with cannot How safe people feel is a
reach services, or attend other events key aspect of a community’s
or activities that would be of benefit quality of life. Although there
because of transport limitations. is a gradual improvement
in peoples’ perceptions and
Some boroughs and districts have feelings of safety in Surrey,
Of Woking’s population
community transport schemes run by the gap between perceived and
was born outside the UK,
community and voluntary groups that actual risk of crime is persistent
fill the gaps for older, vulnerable and
compared to 8.7% and demonstrable. People over-
disabled people. However, the survival in Tandridge estimate their risk of becoming
of these groups is based on funding and a victim of crime.
volunteers.
When the fear of crime becomes
Cultural diversity & • 46.7% of Surrey residents who were disproportionate to the reality, it can
community cohesion born overseas have arrived in the have a devastating effect on a person’s
UK since 2000 whilst the figures in sense of freedom. They may feel that their
In the UK, we do not have a Runnymede and Guildford are over personal safety is threatened and curtail
method of gauging the diversity 57% and 56% respectively. The lowest their lifestyle, so diminishing their quality
of our communities or the proportion of recent arrivals is 36% of life. People can restrict their social
demographic evenness across in Tandridge. This may reflect the activities through an unwillingness to leave
geographical areas. However numbers of international students their home, and this can lead to increased
we do have empirical evidence in Surrey studying at the University stress, fear and anxiety. This cycle of
from the Census data that of Surrey in Guildford and Royal fear has a cost to local communities as
highlights some recent trends. Holloway, University of London, in people become less willing to engage in
Egham. community activities.
• The proportion of Surrey’s population
who were born outside the UK Globalisation has brought new challenges Overall Surrey’s crime rate is 25% less
increased from 10.6% in 2001 to and created a diversity of culture than the England average. In 2012 there
14.2% in 2011 and ethnicity never experienced were 52 offences per 1,000 people.
• 4.8% were born in EU countries before. There is an increasing need to According to the UK Crime Statistics there
including the Republic of Ireland and facilitate projects that help communities were 265 robberies in Surrey during the
9.5% outside the EU be more cohesive. year to February 2013, ranging from 9
• 20% of Woking’s population was born per month to 34 another. The trend for
outside the UK compared to 8.7% in A local example of significant change anti-social behaviour and other crime is
Tandridge, representing the highest is in Maybury and Sheerwater, where generally downwards. However, when
and lowest figures for the county there has been a 38% increase in looking at borough and ward levels
people of Islamic faith, but the increase compared to the South East region as a
in the whole borough of Woking whole, areas of high crime levels do exist
is only 6%. Similarly the numbers and are above the average.
7 Surrey CC websiteYou can also read
