Sydney Metro West A new railway for Western Sydney - Project overview, March 2018
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Sydney Metro West
A new railway for Western Sydney
Project overview, March 2018
1
Contents
Project overview 4
A new railway for Western Sydney 6
Servicing key precincts 7
Sydney Metro 8
Growing with the west 10
Westmead 14
Connecting with the T1 Western Line 16
A growing Central City 18
Sydney Olympic Park 20
Connecting with the T1 Northern Line 21
The Bays Precinct 22
Intermediate stations 24
Delivering new metro rail for Sydney 32 In the first half of next year, 13 metro Right now, across and under Sydney,
Community consultation 34 stations will open in the booming North a truly transformational mega project
Stakeholder engagement 36 West region of Sydney on the world-class is taking shape.
Appendix 40 Sydney Metro railway.
From next year, Sydney Metro will
Then, in 2024, Sydney Metro will be forever change how we get around
extended under our iconic Harbour, this great city.
through new stations in the Sydney central
Under the Sydney CBD, Sydney
business district (CBD) and beyond to
Metro will be able to operate a new
Bankstown – all up, 31 metro stations and
metro train every two minutes in each
66 kilometres of new metro rail.
direction – bringing us in line with
Since we started work on this new other great global cities.
generation railway system in 2011, we’ve
Remarkably, with two new metro
been working hand in hand with the
lines already under delivery, it’s this
community to shape Sydney Metro for our
Strategic planning city’s future – adding new stations, extra
car parks and more services following
next step that will be the biggest –
linking the Parramatta and Sydney
CBDs, our two great centres.
community feedback.
Mass transit services are a fundamental part Sydney Metro West is a critical step in the
Welcome aboard Sydney Metro –
of a growing international city. Public transport delivery of the Future Transport Strategy along Now, as we progress down the
now’s the time to have your say
improvements between Sydney’s three cities – with other initiatives such as the Western Sydney development path for the city-shaping
as the NSW Government delivers
the Eastern Harbour City, Central River City Rail Needs study, Parramatta Light Rail, and Sydney Metro West project, please take
the biggest urban infrastructure
and Western Parkland City – is part of Transport improvements to the heavy rail system. this opportunity to help us shape the
investment in the nation’s history.
for NSW’s Future Transport Strategy 2056. future of our great global city.
Community and industry consultation will be
We are not only responding to the needs of
vital in developing the Sydney Metro West
today, but also planning for the future with new
project so that an investment decision can
transport strategies and technology – looking
be made by the NSW Government at the
beyond the current pipeline of projects to
appropriate time.
ensure communities are better places to live,
Andrew Constance MP
work, play and visit. Gladys Berejiklian MP MINISTER FOR TRANSPORT
PREMIER OF NEW SOUTH WALES AND INFRASTRUCTURE
2 3
WESTMEAD Chatswood
Potential
Project overview extension
to the west
Ermington
In November 2016, the NSW
Government announced the Crows Nest
Sydney Metro West project – PARRAMATTA Gladesville
the city’s next underground CBD SYDNEY
metro railway. OLYMPIC PARK
Merrylands
Connecting the Parramatta and Sydney central
business districts, this once-in-a-century
T1 NORTHERN
infrastructure investment will transform CONNECTION Drummoyne
THE BAYS
Sydney for generations to come; doubling rail
South Granville PRECINCT
capacity between these two areas, linking new
communities to rail services and unlocking
housing supply and employment growth
between the two CBDs. SYDNEY CBD
Sydney Metro West will service the key precincts
of Greater Parramatta, Sydney Olympic Park, Haberfield
KEY Strathfield
The Bays Precinct and the Sydney CBD.
Station precincts
Following extensive community and industry Camperdown
Study area
consultation in 2016 and 2017, the Sydney Metro Waterloo
Sydney Metro network
West scope of works has been expanded and Potential
Suburban rail network
refined. It now includes: extension
to the
› a new underground metro station at Westmead, south-east
to support the growing residential area as well as 0 3km
N
via Zetland
the health, research and education precinct New metro
› a new metro station under an existing suburban rail opens
station on the T1 Northern Line east of Sydney next year
Olympic Park – allowing faster connections for Square town centre, as well as towards the west
The new Sydney Metro railway system opens
customers from the Central Coast and Sydney’s beyond Westmead – where one option could be
in the city’s North West in the first half of
north to Parramatta and Sydney through a quick to the new Western Sydney Aerotropolis.
next year – 13 stations between Rouse Hill
and easy interchange between suburban and
Delivering a fast, safe and reliable metro service and Chatswood will be serviced every four
metro services
will be balanced with improving community minutes in the peak in each direction by new
› further consultation on new intermediate metro benefits: Sydney Metro West will deliver faster fully-automated metro trains.
stations between Parramatta and Sydney public transport journey times than currently
Olympic Park and between Olympic Park and In 2024, Sydney Metro will be extended
possible between the two CBDs while also getting
the Sydney CBD under Sydney Harbour, through new
the best outcomes for communities, connecting
underground stations in the Sydney CBD
› at least one Sydney Metro West station under as many people as possible to a new world-class
and beyond to Bankstown – all up,
the Sydney CBD, delivering an easy interchange mass transit system.
delivering 31 metro stations and 66
between suburban rail, new light rail and the new
In 2018, further community and industry kilometres of new metro rail.
metro stations currently under construction.
consultation will take place to refine the project
It is also proposed that Sydney Metro West will Then, the Sydney Metro West project is
before any investment decision is made by the
have an underground interchange with an existing expected to be operational in the late 2020s.
NSW Government.
suburban station on the T1 Western Line either This new underground railway will
at Parramatta or Westmead, allowing a fast This engagement process has been used by the
become the fastest, easiest and most
and easy interchange to metro rail services for Sydney Metro Delivery Office within Transport
reliable journey between the Sydney and
customers heading to and from the outer west for NSW since 2011, and has delivered improved
Parramatta CBDs.
and Blue Mountains. customer and community outcomes like extra
metro stations, more car parking on metro rail Sydney Metro will have a capacity of a train
Community and industry consultation is projects currently being delivered by the NSW every two minutes in each direction under
continuing into potential new metro stations Government and reduced community impacts the Sydney CBD, a level of reliable service
between the key precincts. during construction. never before seen in Australia but common
The NSW Government will also safeguard the around the world.
ability to extend Sydney Metro to the south-east
of the Sydney CBD via Zetland, serving the Green Sydney’s new metro train being tested at Rouse Hill
4 5
A new railway for Western Sydney Servicing key precincts
The need
Sydney Metro West will deliver a new direct underground connection The final number of potential stations will be
for new
identified following community and industry
between the CBDs of Parramatta and Sydney. consultation. Key precincts to be serviced have rail
initially been identified at:
This city-shaping infrastructure investment will Commission’s vision for better connections
link communities between the two centres that between these two major centres. Sydney’s Westmead, one of the largest health,
have not been previously serviced by rail, busiest rail corridor will be served by two stand- education, research and training precincts
unlocking housing supply and boosting alone railway systems, working together in Australia More mass transit services are needed
employment growth. to give customers more choices and delivering between Parramatta and the Sydney
Parramatta, where the number of jobs is CBD because:
more reliable services for generations to come.
New metro rail will become the fastest, expected to double over the next 20 years
easiest and most reliable journey between The NSW Government will integrate transport to 100,000 ›› an extra 420,000 people are
the Sydney and Parramatta CBDs. with planned land-use outcomes along the expected to move into the corridor
Sydney Olympic Park, where 34,000 jobs between Greater Parramatta and
corridor, with the new metro railway line
This means existing suburban and inter-city and more than 23,000 residents will be central Sydney over the next 20 years
expected to be built largely underground.
services will be freed up for customers from located by 2030
the city’s outer west in areas like Blacktown, Community, stakeholder and industry ›› more than 300,000 new jobs will
The Bays Precinct, Sydney’s new innovation be created by 2036 in the corridor
Penrith and the Blue Mountains. consultation is helping shape Sydney Metro
hub where 95 hectares of land is being between Greater Parramatta and
West’s development, including determining
In turn, these services will become more reliable, regenerated central Sydney at places like the
the alignment and potential station locations.
with less crowding and faster travel times. Parramatta CBD, Sydney Olympic
The Sydney CBD, allowing easy access to
As a new railway, Sydney Metro West will work the existing public transport network and Park and the Bays Precinct
together with the existing T1 Western Line, Stages 1 and 2 of Sydney Metro, which are ›› the T1 Western Line needs relief
effectively doubling rail capacity from Parramatta currently under construction. because it will be severely
to the CBD and supporting the Greater Sydney overcrowded by the early 2030s.
The Parramatta CBD
6 7
Sydney Metro
Opening in the first half of 2019, Sydney Metro will transform the way
Australia’s biggest city travels and help shape its future.
This new world-class mass transit system will With customers at the centre of all design
evolve with the city it will serve – cutting travel decisions, stations will be fully accessible and
times, reducing congestion and delivering quick and easy to get in and out of; trains will be
major economic and social benefits for fast, safe and reliable; and technology will keep
generations to come. people connected at every step of the journey.
Metro rail means a new generation of fast, safe Sydney Metro will integrate with new communities
and reliable trains easily connecting customers and transform existing urban centres, as well as
to where they want to go. Customers won’t the broader transport network so customers have
need timetables – you’ll just turn up and go. a range of transport options to get to and from
their destinations.
Sydney Metro will make it easier and faster to
get around, boosting economic productivity
by bringing new jobs and new educational
opportunities closer to home.
Rouse Hill
Cudgegong Road
Kellyville
Hills Showground
Cherrybrook
Bella Vista
M7
Castle Hill Opening
Norwest 2019
M2 Macquarie
Epping University
Macquarie Park
Chatswood
Westmead North Ryde
Parramatta
M4
Crows Nest
Customer
T1 Northern
Connection Early
Victoria Cross
benefits of
Sydney
Olympic Park
planning
underway
metro rail
Barangaroo No timetable – Video help points
Martin Place customers just
The Bays Precinct Pitt Street turn up and go Level access
KEY Central between the
Australian-first platform screen
Sydney Metro Northwest
Opal ticketing platform and train
Sydney Metro City & Southwest Waterloo doors keep people and objects away
Hurlstone Dulwich
Sydney Trains suburban network Campsie Park Hill from the edge, improving customer Continuous mobile Heating and
Sydney Metro West study area Lakemba Opening safety and allowing trains to get phone coverage air-conditioning
Bankstown Canterbury Sydenham
Marrickville 2024
Sydney Metro West key precincts
Belmore in and out of stations much faster. in all metro trains
Punchbowl Wiley Park These doors run the full length of New generation
M5 all metro platforms and only open of fast, safe and On-board real-time
N
at the same time as the train doors. reliable trains travel information
and live electronic
route maps
Sydney Metro Sydney Metro’s prototype underground station, including platform screen doors
8 9
Growing with the west Congestion busting
Sydney Metro West is expected to be built largely underground and to be The new metro will take customers off existing suburban rail
operational in the second half of the 2020s. lines, especially in the busy morning peak – cutting crowding and
The NSW Government has identified the key The NSW Government will integrate transport easing congestion.
growth regions that need to be serviced by Sydney and land-use planning along the corridor.
This means more efficient Sydney Trains
Metro West: Westmead, Parramatta, Sydney
The project supports the Greater Sydney services in the west, outer west and
Olympic Park, the Bays Precinct and into the CBD.
Commission’s vision for a Central City based regional areas like the Blue Mountains.
This means a corridor will be investigated around Parramatta that’s connected to the Current
The project would help improve the suburban
between the Parramatta River and existing established Eastern City by providing improved
This service is operated by
reliability of the T1 Western Line from areas
T1 Western Line to: travel times and service frequency between
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
such as Penrith by cutting crowding.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
these two CBDs.
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
› maximise the potential for growth
On the T1 Northern Line, crowding could be Maximum Sydney train customers per hour per line
› transform and connect communities Beyond this corridor, opportunities to extend
reduced as people move to new metro rail
the line east and west will also be considered.
› generate interest within industry to help deliver because of new and easier travel options.
this mega project. The costs, final route and the final number of
Working together with the existing T1,
stations will be determined through more detailed
The NSW Government will work with the Sydney Metro West effectively doubles
planning and industry engagement.
community, industry, businesses and local rail capacity between the Parramatta and
stakeholders like councils along the route to Sydney CBDs.
get feedback on potential station locations Metro rail moves more than 40,000 people
and the best outcomes to serve Sydney for an hour in each direction – significantly
the next century and beyond. more than a current suburban line.
Doubling
rail capacity
to the west
The Parramatta CBD
10 11
Priority No. 1 – Greater Western Sydney
New metro rail means a new focus on Parramatta and the outer west.
More than
300,000 jobs are Sydney Metro West will make it faster and easier to It would be difficult to add significant extra capacity
get to Parramatta – from both the east and west, to this line: it cannot be widened for extra tracks
expected to be created
reinforcing it as the Central City. without causing widespread community disruption
the corridor between
and the acquisition of nearby properties.
Greater Parramatta and Extra rail capacity will be delivered to both sides
of Parramatta. Currently, trains can operate as little as every
central Sydney by 2036.
15 minutes between Parramatta and Sydney
From the east, new metro rail on a stand-alone
Western Sydney outside peak hours, while freight trains also
system will become the easiest and most reliable
use the line.
is home to about journey within this growing corridor and between
47 per cent of the CBDs of Sydney and Parramatta. The solution is Sydney Metro West – a new, stand-
Sydney’s residents, alone metro railway built mostly underground and
This frees up capacity on the existing suburban
able to move more than 40,000 people an hour
36 per cent of Sydney’s jobs rail system to the west, increasing the reliability of
in each direction, effectively doubling the rail
and one-third of Sydney’s services to and from Blacktown, Penrith and the
capacity of the area.
Gross Regional Product. Blue Mountains, and cutting crowding.
The number of customers using the T1 Western
Line has grown 8 per cent over the past two years,
not the forecast 2 per cent.
An extra
By 2036, 420,000 people
are expected to More rail
3.2 million people
move into the corridor capacity
will live in
Western Sydney – between Greater › The existing T1 Western Line – which is
Parramatta more than a century old – is expected to be
a population about the same
and central Sydney severely overcrowded by the early 2030s,
size as Adelaide and Perth
despite ongoing upgrade works and
combined today. over the next 20 years.
more services.
› Currently, it moves around 40,000 people
in the morning peak hour and is operating
at 135 per cent seated capacity.
› New metro rail will be able to move more than
“
40,000 people an hour in each direction.
By 2036, › Sydney Metro West will work together
with the T1 to service the growing needs
over 50 per cent Connections are the key of Western Sydney, effectively doubling
of Greater Sydney’s to realising the Greater Sydney the rail capacity of the Parramatta to
There are currently more than population will live in Commission’s vision for Three Cities Sydney corridor.
4.7 million Western Sydney. to rebalance growth and opportunity
› The project also means faster and more
weekday trips using across the region. With Greater Parramatta
and the Olympic Peninsula (GPOP) as the frequent services can be delivered on the
all transport modes Sydney Trains network from outer western
unifying heart of the Central City, Sydney Metro
to, from and within the Sydney areas like Penrith and Blacktown, with
West has the potential to help drive GPOP’s
Greater Parramatta to central transformation into one of Australia’s most increased capacity for those customers into
Sydney corridor, with just over one liveable and productive cities, by providing Parramatta and the CBD.
million trips during the AM peak fast, frequent and reliable connections with
”
period alone. This is expected to the Eastern City’s Harbour CBD.
increase by 36 per cent in 2036.
Lucy Turnbull
Chief Commissioner,
Greater Sydney
Commission
Sydney Olympic Park
12 13
Westmead
“ The Westmead health and education precinct
is transforming into a globally recognised health
and education innovation district. It is already home
to one of the most educated populations in Sydney
will see more and more people residing, innovating,
and producing on the precinct in partnership with
Westmead is one of the largest health, education, research and training the onsite clinicians, researchers, educators and
precincts in Australia. the community. Sydney Metro West, linking directly
into the Westmead Precinct, allows an accelerated
Following community and industry consultation in University, the Westmead Medical Research achievement of the economic and social benefits that
2016 and 2017, the locality has been identified for Institute and the Children’s Medical the precinct can offer. It will allow Westmead to be
a station location on Sydney Metro West. Research Institute. strategically located between the two remaining cities
”
and will provide a competitive advantage to business
Further stakeholder engagement and technical and By 2036, the number of full-time staff working
opportunities in Sydney domestically.
engineering work is now taking place. across Westmead will increase to more than
30,000 and the number of students will grow Danny O’Connor
A metro station at Westmead would support the
beyond 10,000.
area’s health, education and residential precinct. Chief Executive, Western Sydney Local
The NSW Government will also safeguard the Health District (on behalf of the
It would deliver a more efficient rail link between Westmead Precinct Partners)
ability to extend Sydney Metro towards the west
Westmead and Parramatta. Customers would also
beyond Westmead – where one option could be
be able to interchange with the new Parramatta
to the new Western Sydney Aerotropolis.
Light Rail, T-way and other bus services.
Major employment areas include Westmead
Hospital, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead,
The University of Sydney, Western Sydney
More travel
choices for
Western Sydney
Artist’s impression of Westmead Station
The Westmead health precinct, the Parramatta CBD and the Sydney CBD in the distance
14 15
Connecting with the T1 Western Line More
trains,
One of the key objectives for the Sydney Metro West project is to relieve more
pressure on the T1 Western Line and to provide greater transport options choices
Customers from the Blue Mountains or
for customers in the Greater Parramatta area. Blacktown will be able to interchange from
suburban rail to Sydney Metro at the T1
The T1 – which is more than a century old – Sydney Metro West would take pressure off the Western Line interchange station – for a
is expected to be severely overcrowded by the T1 Western Line by reducing platform crowding faster journey to the Sydney CBD or a quick
early 2030s, despite ongoing upgrade works at existing stations and also deliver more public and direct trip to Sydney Olympic Park or
and more services. transport options for customers in the Greater The Bays Precinct on the metro.
Parramatta area. The final decision will take into
To deliver the best outcomes for customers and In turn, this frees up space on the existing
account the best outcomes for customers,
take the pressure off the T1, Transport for NSW T1 Western Line from the west into Sydney.
the wider transport system and overall
proposes connecting a new underground metro
community benefits. Conversely, customers will use the metro for
station to an existing suburban station – allowing
the fastest journey between eastern Sydney
customers a quick and easy interchange between
and Greater Parramatta – this means more
metro and suburban rail services.
space on the existing suburban system for
This interchange could happen at Westmead those travelling beyond to Blacktown, outer
or Parramatta. Western Sydney and the Blue Mountains.
Sydney Metro West will work together with
the T1 to support the Parramatta CBD
and service the growing needs of Western
Sydney, effectively doubling the rail capacity
of the Parramatta to Sydney corridor.
“
City of Parramatta supports
the Sydney Metro West as part
of our vision to deliver Australia’s
next great city right here in Parramatta.
For just over 150 years, the Western Rail Line
has driven the development of Greater Sydney, and
decades of population growth has led to it becoming
Australia’s most heavily congested public transport route.
Our future growth potential is intertwined with delivering
local jobs and housing at key precincts. By 2036 our target
is to deliver and additional 22,000 jobs at Olympic Park,
10,000 homes and 8,850 jobs at Camellia, 20,236 homes
and 48,763 jobs in the Parramatta CBD and an
additional 30,000 jobs at Westmead.
We will need to do this, while simultaneously
addressing the need to free up east-west travel
”
capacity between Sydney and Parramatta.
Andrew Wilson
City of Parramatta Lord Mayor
Westmead Station services the suburb’s education and health precinct Westmead
16 17
Travel
times
Sydney Metro West will become the Sydney Metro West will deliver a
fastest, easiest and most reliable significantly faster journey time.
journey between the Sydney and
It will link communities between the
Parramatta CBDs.
two CBDs not previously serviced by
However, the need for fast metro rail will rail and will support the Greater Sydney
be balanced with delivering improved Commission’s 30-minute city concept,
community benefits. where new infrastructure is focused
Sydney Metro West will deliver faster on giving more people access to jobs,
public transport journey times than schools, hospitals and services within
currently possible between the two CBDs 30 minutes of their home.
while also getting the best outcomes for
communities, connecting as many people
as possible to a new world-class mass
transit system.
Currently, the fastest trip between
Parramatta and Wynyard takes between
31 and 33 minutes on the T1 Western Line. Fast, safe
and reliable
metro rail
North Stathfield
A growing Central City
Over the next 20 years, the number of jobs in Parramatta is expected to
double to 100,000.
Its central location will be one of its greatest
advantages and it will be an important area
for advanced manufacturing and innovation-
driven enterprises.
By 2036, it will be one of Greater Sydney’s major
administrative and business centres, and the
Westmead health and education super precinct
will continue to grow and lead best practice in
medical and education-related industries.
In November 2016, the Greater Sydney
Commission released Towards our Greater
Sydney 2056, which states now is the time to
conceive and plan for Greater Sydney maturing
into ‘a metropolis of three cities’– the Eastern
City (Sydney CBD), the Central City (Greater
Parramatta) and the Western City (Western
Sydney Airport).
A Metropolis of Three Cities. Source: The Greater Sydney
Commission
18 19Sydney Olympic Park Connecting with the T1 Northern Line
More than 23,000 people will call Sydney Olympic Park home by 2030. Following community and industry feedback, Transport for NSW is
This new growth area will house 34,000 jobs. investigating a potential new metro station connecting to an existing
The region will provide for 10,700 homes and suburban station on the T1 Northern Line east of Sydney Olympic Park.
retail space will be increased to 100,000 square
This metro station would take even further Customers from the Central Coast who travel to
metres to service the growing community on
pressure off the T1 Western Line, including Parramatta could save about 30 minutes a day by
the Olympic Peninsula, including Wentworth
Strathfield Station. changing to metro services, giving people more
Point and Newington, and the future Carter
job opportunities and also leaving more time for
Street community. The most direct and convenient metro
families and recreation.
connection for customers would be at Concord
“
The suburb has grown quickly over the past
West or North Strathfield. The final decision From Sydney’s north, customers could save
16 years since hosting the Sydney 2000
will take into account the best outcomes for almost 20 minutes a day travelling between
Olympic Games, with its Master Plan 2030
customers, the wider transport system and Hornsby and Parramatta, bringing more job
being re-calibrated to cater for the growth.
Sydney Metro West overall community benefits. opportunities closer to home for more people.
This includes identifying potential sites for
is an exciting prospect for Sydney Customers from the Central Coast and Sydney’s
future primary and high schools.
Olympic Park. Sydney OIympic Park north will have faster journey times to Parramatta,
is a rapidly growing precinct that is a key The Bays Precinct and the Sydney CBD through
to the success of growing Sydney – providing a quick and easy interchange between suburban
jobs, homes and places to study with a truly and metro services.
unique lifestyle an events offering unlike anywhere
else in Australia. Sydney Metro West will accelerate
this evolution whilst also unlocking even further
opportunities for the growth and development of
Sydney Olympic Park, re-imagining the possibilities
under Master Plan 2030 as well as providing greater
”
connectivity and sustainable transport solutions.
Charles Moore
Chief Executive Officer,
Sydney Olympic Park Authority
Sydney Olympic Park
20 21The Bays Precinct
Almost 100 hectares of land is being regenerated Travel times (indicative)
at The Bays Precinct.
Parramatta to The Bays Precinct
Sydney Metro West will facilitate the NSW
2036 AM peak
Government’s commitment to the area’s renewal
and creation of high value jobs in the precinct.
It will incorporate a mix of commercial, residential
58
MINUTES
Rail
and
bus
and retail developments to encourage innovation
and the jobs of the future.
METRO RAIL
Recognising that an efficient transport system is an LESS THAN
20
enabler to urban transformation, the new metro line Sydney
will integrate with planning for the growing area. Metro
MINUTES
More CBD
“
metro
stations
Sydney Metro will forever Currently, the NSW Government is suburban rail, the new Sydney Light
change how we get around our delivering new underground CBD Rail and buses.
great city, bringing new opportunities metro stations at Barangaroo,
Following community and industry
closer for the next generation and beyond. Martin Place, Pitt Street and Central,
feedback, the location for new
At The Bays Precinct, a metro station will which will all open in 2024.
metro services under the Sydney
help turn this prospective innovation hub into As part of the Sydney Metro CBD is still under consideration.
a world-class beacon of ingenuity that will grow West project, at least one further
with Sydney and deliver opportunities we haven’t The final decision will take into
underground metro station is
yet even thought of. Our global city’s prospects account the best outcomes for
proposed – giving customers
are only limited by our imagination; the delivery customers, the transport system
more options including an easy
of world-class infrastructure like Sydney and overall community benefits.
interchange with metro rail,
”
Metro takes us one step closer to
a strong a vibrant future.
Patricia Forsythe
Chief Executive,
Sydney Business Chamber
The Bays Precinct Sydney’s CBD
22 23Intermediate stations SEVEN HILLS
Sydney Metro West will deliver a direct
CARLINGFORD
connection between the CBDs of Parramatta
Rydalmere
and Sydney, linking communities along the way
that have not been previously serviced by rail Sydney Metro West could support urban renewal TOONGABBIE EASTWOOD
opportunities, including education, residential and
and unlocking housing supply and employment mixed-use employment opportunities in the suburb’s TELOPEA
growth between the two major CBDs. light industrial and warehouse retail sectors.
Transport for NSW is investigating new metro A Rydalmere metro station could offer opportunities WESTMEAD DENISTONE
stations between the four key precincts that the to interchange with Parramatta Light Rail and PENDLE HILL DUNDAS
project will service. Victoria Road bus routes.
WEST RYDE
Delivering a fast, safe and reliable metro service WENTWORTHVILLE
WESTMEAD RYDALMERE
will be balanced with improving community RYDALMERE
MEADOWBANK
benefits: the project will deliver faster public
transport journey times than currently possible PARRAMATTA CAMELLIA
between the two CBDs while also getting the PARRAMATTA CAMELLIA
ROSEHILL
best outcomes for communities, connecting as HARRIS PARK
many people as possible to a new world-class
RHODES
mass transit system.
Camellia GRANVILLE
Transport for NSW is investigating the following
A Camellia metro station offers opportunities to CLYDE
precincts within the Sydney Metro West corridor support planned urban renewal for this residential
MERRYLANDS
which could benefit from a station. We are and industrial area on the Parramatta River.
asking the community and stakeholders like
There are opportunities for an interchange with
local government and industry for feedback and Parramatta Light Rail and a metro station could KEY SYDNEY OLYMPIC CONCORD WEST
whether other areas warrant investigation. support increased employment opportunities as Station precincts AUBURN PARK
well as residential growth. PRECINCT Investigation area T1 NORTHERN
Study area CONNECTION
GUILDFORD
Sydney Trains suburban network
Parramatta Light Rail – Stage 1 NORTH STRATHFIELD
Parramatta Light Rail – Stage 2
LIDCOMBE FLEMINGTON
YENNORA
0 2km
N HOMEBUSH
BERALA STRATHFIELD
BURWOOD
VILLAWOOD
LEIGHTONFIELD REGENTS PARK CRO
CARRAMAR CHESTER HILL SEFTON
The centre of Five Dock
24 25DENISTONE
Burwood North
A metro station at Burwood North could bring massDUNDAS
WEST RYDE ARTARMON
transit rail to a new area and could support planned
employment and residential growth.
RYDALMERE
People could have more transport options with the MEADOWBANK
potential to integrate the existing bus network to
get customers where they need to go faster.
ST LEONARDS
Crows Nest
RHODES WOLLSTONECRAFT
Victoria Cross
WAVERTON
SYDNEY OLYMPIC PARK NORTH SYDNEY
Kings Bay
MILSONS POINT
A metro station at Kings Bay could support
planned renewal of this precinct and provide CONCORD WEST
a mass transit service to an area currently reliant
on road-based transport. T1 NORTHERN
A station could open a new rail catchment to
CONNECTION
provide customer benefits with a more frequent, THE BAYS Barangaroo CIRCULAR QUAY
reliable and fast mass transit service, and some NORTH STRATHFIELD PRECINCT
interchange opportunities with local buses. SYDNEY CBD
LIDCOMBE
WYNYARD
FLEMINGTON BURWOOD KINGS FIVE Martin Place
MARTIN PLACE
HOMEBUSH NORTH BAY DOCK PYRMONT ST JAMES
KINGS
CROSS
STRATHFIELD TOWN HALL Pitt Street
MUSEUM
EDGECLIFF
BURWOOD
Central
CROYDON
KEY BONDI
Five Dock Station precincts ASHFIELD JUNCTION
REDFERN
This area is currently not served by rail and relies on PRECINCT Investigation area
SUMMER HILL LEWISHAM
road-based transport. Study area STANMORE
Sydney Metro Network PETERSHAM MACDONALDTOWN
A metro station could support planned urban renewal Waterloo
Suburban rail network
and could be a significant bus interchange point for NEWTOWN
Parramatta Light Rail – Stage 2
Victoria Road and Parramatta Road services. ERSKINEVILLE
Inner West Light Rail
“
CBD and South East Light Rail ST PETERS
GREEN
Hurlstone SQUARE
Campsie Park
N
0 2km Marrickville
Dulwich Hill
Canterbury Sydenham
Residents in the City of
Lakemba Canada Bay have identified traffic,
Belmore public transport and parking as key
TEMPE MASCOT
themes they want to improve in the
Pyrmont Wiley Park future. This makes the NSW Government’s
WOLLI CREEK
Metro rail could improve accessibility to the suburb’s Punchbowl TURRELLA investigations on Sydney Metro West an
jobs precinct and attractions. important initiative for our area. A metro
It could also provide an opportunity to connect to between the Sydney and Parramatta CBDs
the Inner West Light Rail line. creates a real opportunity to reduce traffic
and provide an effective transport solution
T1 Northern Connection
”
for planned growth along the
A new metro station connecting to either Parramatta Road corridor.
Concord West or North Strathfield station,
would take more pressure off the T1 line. Mayor Angelo Tsirekas
See page 21 for more information. City of Canada Bay
26 27Tunnelling Average tunnel depths
Sydney Metro West is expected to be built largely underground and
operational in the second half of the 2020s.
A number of factors determine the tunnelling
route and alignment. These include: Surface
level
› the location, depth and structure of the stations
› vertical track grade
› rock conditions 1 metre
City Circle
› track curvature, to allow high train speeds York Street/Wynyard
rail tunnel
› the physical constraints of the route, including 21 metres
crossing under bodies of water like the Cross City Tunnel 25 metres 25 metres
Parramatta River. Outside Town Hall
Sydney Harbour Lane Cove
Tunnel Tunnel
27 metres
Sydney Metro tunnels Average depth Average depth
Sydney Metro
Twin 15-kilometre tunnels from Bella Vista to 30 metres Northwest
Epping to Chatswood Average depth
Epping were completed in early January 2016 32 metres Rail Link
– after just 16 months. At the time, they were Tunnelling finished on 14 January 2016 with TBM2 Eastern Distributor 35 metres Average depth
Florence’s break-through at Cherrybrook Average depth WestConnex (New M5)
the longest railway tunnels in Australia and were
Average depth
delivered by four mega tunnel boring machines.
Tunnelling will soon start again for Stage 2 of
Sydney Metro – from Chatswood, under Sydney
Harbour, through new underground CBD stations
25–40 metres
Sydney Metro City & Southwest
and southwest to Sydenham. The first of five (Chatswood to Sydenham)
tunnel boring machines (TBMs) will be in the Average depth
ground by
the end of 2018.
90 metres
NorthConnex
Maximum depth
How a tunnel
A typical TBM boring machine works
1 Grippers extend out to the rock
surface. Rock is crushed by
Australia’s longest railway tunnels run 15 kilometres from 6 When complete, the high strength alloy steel discs
Bella Vista to Epping on Sydney Metro Northwest ring is connected to
on the cutterhead
the previous ring
7 The gap between the concrete
ring and the rock is filled with 2 Crushed rock is scooped into
grout – this helps keep water the machine’s head and
out of the tunnel on to a conveyor belt
3 Conveyor moves rock
through the machine and
out of the tunnel behind it
4 Concrete ring 8 The machine moves forward
segments are about 1.7 metres then the
delivered to the process starts again
ring building area
5 Concrete ring is built by
putting together the
segments using a special
vacuum lifting device
Florence was the second of four mega tunnel boring machines which tunnelled 30 kilometres on Sydney Metro Northwest
28 29Sydney’s new metro train
KEY FACTS
Late
2019 2024 2020s
Northwest City & Southwest Sydney Metro West In peak 31 metro stations 66 kilometres No timetable On-time Connected 38 cameras Video help points Opal
Opens 2019 Opens 2024 Late 2020s Train every State-of-the-art, New metro rail Customers will Running Continuous mobile on each train on all platforms ticketing
four minutes fully accessible for Sydney just turn up and go reliability phone coverage
through network
TRAIN FEATURES
Double doors for faster
loading and unloading
Two multi-purpose
areas per train for
prams, luggage
and bicycles
Wheelchair spaces,
separate priority
seating and emergency
intercoms
Real-time travel
information and
Heating and Level access live electronic
air conditioning between platform route maps
and train
Customer service assistants at every station and moving Platform screen doors keep Inside you can see from
through the network during the day and night people and objects away from one end of the train to
the edge and allow trains to get the other
in and out of stations much faster
SAFETY
Constant monitoring Security Signalling and communications systems
Sydney Metro is Australia’s first Expert train controllers More than 230 Control the trains, tunnels, platforms and skytrain to deliver a safe and reliable journey
fully-automated metro rail network monitor entire metro system tunnel cameras
Around the world, millions of on Sydney Metro
people use these networks every Northwest alone Platform doors
day in cities like Paris, Singapore,
Dubai and Hong Kong
Tunnel Train Track Platform
An example of a metro operations Operations Control Centre
control centre State-of-the-art network
controlled from new high-tech Faster journeys
facility at Tallawong Road System minimises the time trains are stopped at stations and the time between each train
30 31Delivering new metro rail for Sydney
Customers are at the centre of Sydney Metro’s stations – safety is our
No. 1 priority.
Stations are designed to be an easy part of Platform screen doors on all metro platforms
daily journeys. keep people and objects away from the edge,
improving customer safety and allowing trains
State-of-the-art technology keeps customers
to get in and out of stations much faster.
connected – from planning a journey from home
using smartphone travel apps to real-time These doors run the full length of the platforms
information at metro stations and on board trains. and only open at the same time as the train doors.
Sydney Metro stations are fully accessible for Sydney Metro is the first railway network in
people with reduced mobilty, prams and Australia to use platform screen doors, which are
children including level access between common around the world.
platforms and trains.
Stakeholder industry
Planned population
and community
and supporting
feedback
new jobs
Connecting Local
centres When we consider environment
a new metro,
we look at
Transport Local
integration heritage
Meeting Engineering
customer needs feasibility
Cost and value
for money
Population Jobs Dwellings
(million) (million) (million)
6.42
5.54
4.68
2.84 3.28
2.44 2.06 2.41
1.73
2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036 2016 2026 2036
Global Sydney’s population will pass 6 million by 2036; an extra 1.7 million people will progressively
move into to Australia’s biggest city, which will support an extra 840,000 jobs and 680,000 homes.
Artist’s impression of Rouse Hill Station
Escalator installation at Norwest’s new metro station, which opens in 2019
32 33Community consultation
Community consultation has helped plan Sydney Metro West.
Within the investigation area shown below, The community information sessions were open
community consultation was initially planned to events, where members of the public could
be undertaken from 27 June to 20 August 2017. view information about the Sydney Metro West
However, due to the strong response from the proposal, talk to members of the project team
community and stakeholders, the consultation and have their questions answered.
period was extended until 3 September 2017.
EPPING
SEVEN
EPPING MACQUARIE
HILLS
UNIVERSITY
NORTH ROCKS
CARLINGFORD ROSEVILLE
MACQUARIE
PARK
NORTHMEAD
TOONGABBIE
EASTWOOD
Lorem ipsum
CONSTITUTION HILL
TELOPEA NORTH RYDE
CHATSWOOD
DENISTONE
NORTH PARRAMATTA
PENDLE HILL
DUNDAS
DENISTONE WEST WEST RYDE ARTARMON
WENTWORTHVILLE
WESTMEAD
RYDALMERE
RYDALMERE
MEADOWBANK
GREATER CAMELLIA
GREYSTANES
PARRAMATTA ST LEONARDS
CROWS NEST
pect
voir HARRIS ROSEHILL
PARK WENTWORTH
POINT
RHODES
WOLLSTONECRAFT
Parramatta
River
HUNTERS HILL VICTORIA CROSS
GRANVILLE SILVERWATER
WAVERTON
CLYDE
MERRYLANDS NORTH SYDNEY
WETHERILL PARK MILSONS POINT
Parramatta
WOODPARK
SYDNEY River
AUBURN
OLYMPIC PARK CONCORD WEST
CONCORD ABBOTSFORD
DRUMMOYNE
Port Jackson
YENNORA
BALMAIN
BARANGAROO CIRCULAR QUAY
NORTH STRATHFIELD FIVE DOCK
LIDCOMBE ROZELLE
ST JOHNS WYNYARD MARTIN PLACE
SQUARE
GUILDFORD CHESTER HILL FLEMINGTON
BAYS
RAIRIEWOOD
HOMEBUSH
PRECINCT SYDNEY CBD
STRATHFIELD KINGS CROSS
LILYFIELD TOWN
HALL PITT ST
FAIRFIELD BERALA MUSEUM
LEICHHARDT JUBILEE
NORTH PARK EDGECLIFF
GLEBE
BURWOOD HAYMARKET
VILLAWOOD LEIGHTONFIELD HAWTHORN
CENTRAL
STRATHFIELD CROYDON
CHESTER HILL SOUTH
REGENTS PARK
CARRAMAR ASHFIELD
SEFTON CHULLORA MARION
CANLEY VALE BONDI
REDFERN
SUMMER HILL
LEWISHAM
STANMORE
LEWISHAM WEST
BIRRONG PETERSHAM MACDONALDTOWN
CABRAMATTA ASHBURY WATERLOO
WARATAH MILLS NEWTOWN
ERSKINEVILLE
BELFIELD
ARLINGTON ENMORE
DULWICH GROVE ST PETERS
GREEN
SQUARE
HURLSTONE
YAGOONA GREENACRE
CAMPSIE PARK
CHIPPING NORTON DULWICH HILL
SYDENHAM
Sydney Metro West study area
DULWICH
CANTERBURY HILL
MARRICKVILLE
CABRAMATTA BELMORE
Sydney Metro Northwest
LAKEMBA
BANKSTOWN Sydney Metro City and Southwest
WILEY PARK MASCOT
Inner West Light rail
TEMPE
Sydney Trains
PUNCHBOWL WOLLI CREEK
TURRELLA
Community information campaign Community consultation process Community
The residential and business community was During the community consultation period, feedback
invited to attend six information sessions people were invited to provide feedback via:
staffed by project team subject matter experts. Feedback from the community highlighted a need for faster and more
sydneymetrowest@transport.nsw.gov.au frequent services between the two CBDs and reduced crowding on trains.
These sessions were advertised through:
Sydney Metro West community information
› leaflet drops to 220,000 properties and
line 1800 612 173 Create more homes and jobs
businesses within the Sydney Metro West near metro station locations
investigation area Sydney Metro West, PO Box K659, Provide the opportunity to renew and revitalise areas
› advertisements in the media prior to and Haymarket NSW 1240 with more cafés, restaurants and shops
A metro train service with faster more frequent
throughout the consultation period Paper survey: completing a community services between Parramatta and the Sydney CBD
› project website updates – sydneymetro.info consultation form at a public information
Reduced crowding on trains
and yoursay.transport.nsw.gov.au session
Improve transport connections between other transport
› email alerts to registered community ‘Have your say’ on the project website at modes including existing trains, bus and light rail
members sydneymetro.info Improved transport options
for Western Sydney
› regular project Facebook page updates
› a project overview document, available on None of the above
the project website and at all public
0 200 400 600 800 1000
information sessions.
Survey results: Do you support any of the following potential project benefits?
34 35Stakeholder engagement
Sydney Metro is committed to engaging with stakeholders at the early Stakeholder consultation process Written correspondence:
stage of project definition, to enable issues and concerns to be identified In addition to the high-level stakeholder briefings › Stakeholders were kept informed about the
project at the following key milestones:
and addressed, in order to optimise project delivery outcomes. conducted in early to mid 2017, the following
engagement activities occurred during the – public consultation announcement, including a
community consultation initially undertaken from consultation overview and how to get involved
Stakeholders consulted
27 June to 3 September 2017. – public consultation period extension notification
Early engagement commenced with stakeholders in February 2017. Representatives from the Sydney
In person: – invitation to participate in a stakeholder
Metro West project team briefed a number of key stakeholders from state government departments and
deliberative forum.
agencies, local government, and peak organisations, listed in the table below. › project briefings, meetings and speaking
opportunities were held at the request Stakeholder consultation will continue throughout
of peak bodies, representative groups the planning process for Sydney Metro West,
Government departments and agencies
and organisations forming part of an ongoing engagement program
Barangaroo Delivery Authority Office of Environment and Heritage › a stakeholder deliberative forum was held on undertaken by the project team.
30 August 2017. The forum was attended by
Department of Education Port Authority of NSW
37 senior stakeholders from a range of state,
Department of Family and Community Services Property NSW government departments and agencies, councils
Department of Health Roads and Maritime Services and some key local institutions. The primary
objectives of the forum were to identify:
Department of Industry Sydney Motorway Corporation
– work that has already been done on developing
Department of Planning and Environment Sydney Olympic Park Authority a future vision for the corridor by local
Destination NSW Sydney Trains stakeholders
Environmental Protection Authority Transport for NSW – relevant issues and constraints in and around
the four nominated precincts
Greater Sydney Commission UrbanGrowth NSW
– stakeholder preferences in relation to the
Health Infrastructure Venues NSW
number and location of stations, journey times,
Heritage Council of NSW Western Sydney Local Health District and land-use opportunities and feedback on
Land and Housing Corporation Western Sydney Parklands Trust how best to connect important destinations
along the alignment
Local government general managers, officers and administrators – possible stabling locations for metro train.
Burwood Council Inner West Council
City of Canada Bay Council Strathfield Council
City of Parramatta Council Western Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils
(WSROC)
City of Sydney Council
Peak bodies, representative groups and organisations
Olympic Park Business Association University of Technology, Sydney
Royal Agricultural Society Western Sydney University
University of Sydney Committee for Sydney
Sydney Business Chamber
High-level project information was provided › features of the Sydney Metro Northwest and
at the briefings, including: Sydney Metro City & Southwest projects, to meet
the needs of customers
› broader transport context
› next steps.
› Western Sydney Rail Needs scoping study
› Sydney Metro West network objectives
› government-announced precincts at Parramatta,
Sydney Olympic Park, The Bays Precinct and the
Sydney CBD
36 37Industry engagement Next steps
Purpose of industry engagement Developing the project will involve the following key stages,
Working with industry has been a hallmark of Next steps – industry engagement as outlined below.
Sydney Metro since 2011. stage 2
Consultation has helped define and refine our A second round of industry engagement is
projects by harnessing industry expertise and being undertaken to seek feedback on: Strategic Investment Procurement Delivery Operations
world’s-best practice › Market sounding on the level of industry assessment decision phase phase phase
appetite and preference for packaging phase phase
The NSW Government has been working
options, contracting options, and
with industry on Sydney Metro West to foster
transaction principles as identified in the
innovation and to help shape the project’s We are here
initial delivery strategy
development, maximising industry input at the
early stages. › The initial delivery strategy, particularly
in relation to the packaging of metro
Transport for NSW has met with local and operations and maintenance, and
Sydney Metro has worked with the community Further information
international industry participants, government every step of the way since 2011, refining the
integrated place making, stations, and Further information can be found on the project
agencies, peak bodies, comparator metro owners program of works for better outcomes.
development website at sydneymetro.info or by contacting the
and operators, academics and other project From the planning stage and now into delivery,
› Specific technical issues to inform the project team via:
stakeholders to get feedback. the Sydney Metro Delivery Office within Transport
definition design and project definition
for NSW has been constantly talking to the sydneymetrowest@transport.nsw.gov.au
report
Industry engagement process community and taking on board their feedback – Sydney Metro West community information line
› Options to enhance the benefits of Sydney
Stage 1 of the industry engagement process so the best projects possible can be delivered. 1800 612 173
Metro West through value sharing or the
took place in the second half of 2017 to build possible use of non-government land Ongoing consultation every step of the way Sydney Metro West, PO Box K659,
awareness of the project and to obtain market in partnership with the private sector to has been a hallmark of Sydney Metro since the Haymarket NSW 1240
information to shape its scope and definition, deliver greater value for money to the establishment of the first project team in 2011.
ensuring the desired transport and land-use people of NSW.
outcomes are met. The projects have been refined and defined
through community consultation.
There was a high level of interest with local and
international industry stakeholders:
For more information, contact the
› More than 200 enquiries from interested parties industry engagement team:
across the world and over 160 registrations to industry.sydneymetro@sydneymetro.info
participate in the industry process;
› One-on-one meetings were held with 63
organisations, and 34 organisations provided
written submissions
› Meetings included government stakeholders,
peak bodies, infrastructure developers,
investors and financiers, international trains
and systems suppliers and land owners along
the proposed corridor.
International benchmarking survey
Transport for NSW is also engaging with leading
local and international metro owners and
operators through an international benchmarking
survey to help inform the project’s development.
Topics discussed include train configuration,
speeds, signaling and stabling, project delivery
and lessons learned.
Participating organisations included Crossrail,
GVB (Amsterdam Metro), MTR, Melbourne Metro
Rail Authority, Cross River Rail Delivery Authority,
Serco (Dubai Metro), Sound Transit Seattle and
Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens. Since 2011, Sydney Metro has worked with industry
38 39Appendix
Appendix A Appendix C
The map illustrates the Sydney Metro Northwest, City and South West and Sydney Metro West SYDNEY’S NEW METRO TRAIN
Alignments. Key Sydney Metro facts
Stage 1 of Sydney Metro is under construction. There are thirteen stations including: • Stage 1 – Sydney Metro Northwest opens in 2019
- Cudgegong Road - Showground - Macquarie Park • Stage 2 – Sydney Metro City and Southwest opens in 2024
- Rouse Hill - Castle Hill - North Ryde • 66 kilometres of new metro rail for Sydney
- Kellyville - Cherrybrook - Chatswood • 31 state-of-the-art, fully accessible metro stations
- Bella Vista - Epping • 98 percent on time running reliability
- Norwest - Macquarie University
• A train every four minutes in the peak
Stage 2 of Sydney Metro will run from Chatswood to Bankstown including the following stations: • A train every 10 minutes in the off peak
- Chatswood - Waterloo - Belmore • Continuous mobile phone coverage through the network
- Crows Nest - Sydenham - Lakemba • No timetable – customers will just turn up and go
- Victoria Cross - Marrickville - Wiley Park
• Opal Ticketing
- Barangaroo - Dulwich Hill - Punchbowl
- Martin Place - Hurlstone Park - Bankstown Train features
- Pitt Street - Canterbury • Three double doors per carriage for faster loading and unloading
- Central - Campsie • Level access between platform and train
Stage 3 of Sydney Metro will run from Sydney CBD to Westmead. The map shows the study area • Two multi-purpose areas per train for prams, luggage and bicycles
and includes announced stations and precincts being considered at Sydney CBD, The Bays Precinct, • Wheelchair spaces, separate priority seating and emergency intercoms
T1 Northern Connection, Sydney Olympic Park, Parramatta and Westmead. • Real-time travel information and live electronic route maps
• Platform screen doors keep people and objects away from the edge and allow trains
Appendix B
to get in and out of stations much faster
Average tunnel depths
• Inside you can see from one end of the train to the other
• City Circle, York Street/Wynyard rail tunnel – 1 metre
• Heating and air conditioning
• Cross City Tunnel, outside Town Hall – 21 metres
• 170 metres long platforms – longer than most of Sydney
• Sydney Harbour Tunnel, avergae depth – 25 metres
• Customer service assistants at every station and moving through the network during
• Lane Cove Tunnel, average depth – 25 metres the day and night
• Sydney Metro Northwest, average depth – 27 metres
Safety
• Epping to Chatswood Rail Link, average depth – 30 metres
• Sydney Metro is Australia’s first fully-automated metro rail network Around the world, millions
• Eastern Distributor, average depth – 32 metres of people use these networks every day in cities like Paris, Singapore, Dubai and Hong Kong
• WestConnex (New M5), average depth – 35 metres
Operations Control Centre
• Sydney Metro City & Southwest (Chatswood to Sydenham) – 25–40 metres • State-of-the-art network controlled from new high-tech facility at Tallawong Road
• NorthConnex, maximum depth – 90 metres • Constant monitoring - Expert train controllers monitor entire metro system
How a tunnel boring machine works • Security – More than 230 tunnel cameras on Sydney Metro Northwest alone
1. Grippers extend out to the rock surface. Rock is crushed by high strength alloy steel discs on the • Signalling and communication systems – Control the trains, tunnels, platforms and skytrain
cutterhead to deliver a safe and reliable journey
2. Crushed rock is scooped into the machine’s head and on to ta conveyor belt • Faster journeys – System minimises the time trains are stopped at stations and the time
between each train
3. Conveyor moves rock through the machine and out of the tunnel behind it
4. Concrete ring segments are delivered to the ring building area
5. Concrete righ is built by putting together the segments using a special vacuum lifting device
6. When complete, the rign is connected to the previous ring
7. The gap between the concrete ring and the rock is filled with grout – this helps keep water out of
the tunnel
8. The machine moves forward about 1.7 metres then the process starts again
40 41You can also read
