Tōu waha, ā tātou wā Use your voice to shape our digital future - JULY 2020

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CONTINUE READING
Use your voice to shape
   our digital future
     Tōu waha,
     ā tātou wā
        JULY 2020
“Technology can help bring a different
perspective or idea to something you are
creating or doing. It can help you realise
what you’re missing or it can help you
share your creativity with others.”

               “If Covid19 has taught me anything is that
               technology is access. Access to be able to work
               from home, access to be able to be educated
               from home, access to be informed and kept up
               to date, access to essential services. However
               it is also keeps people at home. There needs to
               be a balance of technology and getting out of
               the house and having face to face time as well.”

       “More connectivity means more
       opportunity to reach out and ask for
       help, more chance of helping others and
       as we have learned through the COVID-19
       outbreak, staying in touch is the best
       way to keep each other safe.”

                         “There are so many opportunities out there,
                         but not always a lot of exposure around
                         what those opportunities are. We should
                         celebrate virtual opportunities instead of
                         laughing at them. It's not as unrealistic as
                         people think!”
Contents
Background....................................................................3
Vision & Mission.............................................................6
Context............................................................................7
Goals..............................................................................12
Connect - Tūhono........................................................ 13
  Action Plan.....................................................................17
Grow - Whakatipu.........................................................19
  Action Plan.....................................................................23
Kōrero Mai, Kōrero Atu - Speak Up & Speak Out......24
  Action Plan.....................................................................28
Maanaki - Care..............................................................29
  Action Plan.....................................................................37
Whakarato - Deliver.....................................................39
 Action Plan.....................................................................43
Better Broadband Poster............................................46
Background | 3

BACKGROUND
Nothing But Net
Finding creative solutions
to address our digital divide

If you have connectivity — and the          “Ensure all our local
skills to use it — you can work from        communities have accessible,
anywhere, anytime. You can take a           reliable Internet access so
course, upskill or earn a degree. You
                                            in times like this [COVID-19
can take part in a remote consultation
with a health professional or keep in
                                            lockdown] or when we are
touch with whanau — wherever they           separated by natural causes,
might be. Extending internet access         we can still stay connected.”
can help change economies
and societies.                              Lockdown forced many Far North
                                            residents to become remote workers
“The pandemic has illustrated               overnight. For some people, poor or
                                            no connectivity meant this was an
the divide between those who
                                            impossibility. For others this meant
have connectivity and those                 a slowing or stopping of revenue
who don’t. Although not the                 as their business did not have an
only way to stay connected,                 established online presence or they
digital connectivity is becoming            lacked the required skills to utilise
more important. If we don’t                 online platforms.
have that ability, then we miss
out on many opportunities.”                 “If you look at the Electricity
                                            Industry, I pay the same rate
The digital divide is the gap between       per KW/H as a town dweller
those who have connectivity and             and my bill is not loaded with
the skills to use it and those who do       charges based on the fact
not. It is the result of inadequate
                                            that I live out of town. Whilst
or lacking digital infrastructure,
difficulties in access and affordability,
                                            I get that extra capacity has
poor digital literacy and capability and    to be built to service rural
relevance. The COVID-19 pandemic            communities, why should we
and resulting nationwide lockdown           pay such a premium, to access
has further exposed the digital divide      a service that in modern life
across Northland.                           is an essential one.”
Background | 4

“We can maintain our rural
societies by enabling the kids
to go to study and then when
they’re done come back and
live and work in the places
they were born. Without
broadband they will leave                 In response to the digital challenges
and never return, and our                 faced by our communities in
communities will wither                   lockdown, and while connectivity
and die.”                                 and digital skills were top of mind,
                                          Council considered it an opportune
                                          time to start a conversation about
Aside from the economic impacts,
                                          how we could become a more
the lockdown had significant social
                                          digitally enabled district. Using co-
implications. Family members were
                                          design methodologies and a new
physically isolated from each other.
                                          and innovative online engagement
People worried about vulnerable
                                          tool (Video Ask), people were asked a
friends and whanau and what extra
                                          series of questions that linked the 4
stresses like unemployment and
                                          wellbeings and digital connectivity.
loss of income might mean for some
households already living on the
edge. Some young people were not          Called ‘Nothing But Net’, engagement
able to continue education online and     ran for a 2-week period (1 May-15
became disengaged with learning. For      May) and 118 full and complete
those with adequate connectivity and      responses (i.e. all 9 questions were
skills, video conferencing platforms      answered, that is over 1000 individual
like ‘Zui’s’ (Zoom hui), enabled social   responses!) were submitted over this
inclusion and became a key tool to        time. Hundreds more submitted
keep in touch.                            answers to a few questions only or
                                          simply ‘clicked through’ to find out more.

“Zoom has been an awesome
                                          In addition to the qualitative data
tool over the lockdown                    collected through Nothing But Net,
period, it was our way to stay            the Northland Digital Enablement
connected and keep in contact             Group’s annual Broadband Speed
with friends, work colleagues             Test Surveys (2016-2020) provides
and family members outside                quantitative data on broadband
of our bubble.”                           speeds and insight into ongoing
                                          infrastructure challenges. Both these
                                          pieces of work actively involved
                                          key stakeholders, enabling and
                                          empowering the people affected by
                                          the issues to contribute to developing
                                          the solutions, and they have helped
                                          inform this piece of work, the Nothing
                                          But Net digital strategy.
Background | 5

The ‘Nothing But Net’ strategy and
action plan is a 3.5 year plan that
will be used to support our district’s
digital future by directly addressing
the digital divide. Internal and
external reference groups have been
established to provide feedback
and guidance and care has been
taken to ensure Nothing But Net
meets the immediate needs of our
communities.

“If the COVID-19 lockdown has
taught us anything its that
not all of our community is
digitally enabled.”

The Far North District Council
has never approached strategy               Ngā mihi
                                            mahana ki a
development in this way before.
This is a new way of doing things
and COVID-19 presented a window

                                            tātou katoa.
to try new things. Nothing But Net is
a collaborative, community-focused
effort with the goal of exploring how
we can use digital technology to grow,
both as individuals and a collective.

We would like to thank everyone who
used their voice to help shape our
digital future. You directly contributed
to the construction of this document
and we hope you can see yourself
reflected in the following pages.

Eliminating the digital divide in the Far
North will take many hands but now
that we have a plan, we can all work
together towards the shared goals of
ensuring that everyone is empowered
by digital technology, our economy is
supported, and no one is left behind.
VISION
                                                   2023
                  100% connectivity
                  100% opportunity

This is in line with the Vision of the Northland Digital Enablement Group.

             MISSION
                 Supporting our people to use
                  digital connectivity for their
                  own and collective benefit.
CONTEXT | 7

CONTEXT
Digital is a key enabler in the
Te Taitokerau Northland Economic              01
Action Plan (TTNEAP). As an active
member of the Northland Digital               Rural Broadband Initiative phase two (RBI2)
                                              targets rural end users who have access to
Enablement Group, the Far North               terrestrial broadband services (fixed line or
District Council has been advocating          wireless) of less than 20 Mbps maximum
                                              speed in rural New Zealand. At March 2020
for improved digital infrastructure           RBI2 has delivered better broadband to
across Northland for the past 5               45,768 rural households and businesses,
years. We have initiated local projects       which is 54 per cent of the overall target.

and actively contributed to central
government led digital enablement           • There are 6,316 households or businesses
programmes.                                   with RBI2 access in Northland which is 69%
                                              of target.

There are four key central government       • There have been 21 mobile towers built
initiatives tasked with delivering better     which is 33% of target. 8 of these are in the
                                              Far North District — 2 in the Te Hiku ward
digital infrastructure to our communities     (this includes Waitiki Landing) and 6 in the
All are managed by crown-owned                Kaikohe-Hokianga ward. There are towers
company Crown Infrastructure                  planned in the Bay of Islands-Whangaroa
Partners (CIP). These are:;                   ward but they have not been delivered yet.

                                            • The towers provide 4G service to customers
                                              of all three mobile networks (Spark,
                                              Vodafone and 2degrees) by using shared
                                              antennae technology on the towers,

                                            • In places where towers will not be built,
                                              Wireless Internet Service providers (WISPs)
                                              are being installed.

                                            • Across New Zealand this programme is
                                              taking longer to deliver than anticipated
                                              with the main hold up being leasing land
                                              for tower sites.

                                            • RBI2 mobile towers are being delivered by
                                              the Rural Connectivity Group (RCG) across
                                              New Zealand. In Northland, StrataNet is
                                              the contracted WISPs.
CONTEXT | 8

  02
  The Ultra-Fast Broadband (UFB)
  programme is the broadband programme
  deploying fibre-to- premises to 87 per cent
  of the population by 2023 (including private
  fibre). Under the UFB programme, smaller
  New Zealand towns will receive reliable
  and consistent world-class connectivity,
  with up to 1 gigabit broadband speeds. At
  March 2020, UFB was available to 82 per cent
  of the population; with UFB connectivity
                                                     04
  completed to 169 towns and cities.                 Under the Mobile Black Spot Fund
                                                     Programme (MBSF), mobile coverage is
                                                     being deployed to:
• Fibre will be delivered to the following
  Far North towns;
  Ahipara, Awanui, Hihi, Kaikohe, Kaitaia,         • State Highway ‘blackspots’ where there is
  Kawakawa, Kerikeri, Mangonui, Moerewa,             currently no mobile coverage, to support
  Ohaeawai, Okiato, Opononi, Opua, Paihia,           public safety in high traffic areas where
  Pukenui, Rawene, Russell, Taipa, Tokerau           there are high incident rates.
  Beach/Whatuwhiwhi.
                                                   • 443 kilometres of mobile coverage have
• Fibre has already been delivered to                 been deployed on State Highway
  Kawakawa, Moerewa, Kaikohe and Kerikeri.           ‘blackspots’; and tourism locations around
                                                      New Zealand where there is currently no
                                                      mobile coverage, to support tourism and
• In the Far North this programme is                  economic growth. 36 tourism sites have
  being delivered by Chorus. In Kaipara               new mobile coverage.
  and Whangarei districts’ Northpower has
  the contract.
                                                   • There are 5 tourist sites with mobile
                                                     coverage across Northland which is 33%
                                                     of target.

  03                                               • In Northland there are 74 kilometres of
  The Marae Digital Connectivity programme
                                                     mobile coverage on State Highways which
  enables marae (and regional digital hubs)          is 65% of target.
  to receive a grant-funded broadband
  connection and associated hardware to
  enable use of the connection, creating
  marae ‘digital hubs’ that support
  communities to undertake economic
  activity and enhance their digital capability.

• There are 24 Marae connected
  in Northland.

• Marae are assessed on a case by case
  basis and providers are engaged
  depending on the solution required (could
  be fixed, wireless, satellite etc).

• Te Puni Kokiri (TPK) are working with the
  Ministry of Businesses and Innovation
  (MBIE) and CIP to deliver this programme.
CONTEXT | 9

Additionally, not officially part of the    across rural New Zealand but its
above CIP programme but a piece             resources were not evenly allocated.
of work implemented to support the          The Far North benefited less than
education needs of students through         most other districts. Resources were
the Covid-19 lockdown period, CIP           deployed to more populous and
partnered with providers to connect         prosperous regions, leaving major
previously unconnected households           gaps in both mobile and broadband
with school aged children with 6            coverage across much of the district.
months free broadband. At the end           The current RBI2, UFB, MBSF and
of 6 months it will be the whanau’s         Marae Connectivity programmes aim
choice if they can commit to                to fill these gaps and by 2023, ‘current
continuing with the plan. In May,           and planned’ digital infrastructure
CIP also received $15M to oversee           mapping shows there will adequate
upgrades in the rural network               connectivity to most households in
capacity. These upgrades will be            the Far North. Most marae will also
to existing infrastructure – that is        be well connected, as will popular
existing Rural Broadband 1 Initiative       tourist spots. There will still be gaps
(RBI1) areas — and are not in areas         on our State Highways and Public
where the RCG is being deployed             Conservation Areas (that is land
under the RBI2/MBSF programme.              administered by the Department
It will mean that towers that are           of Conservation which accounts for
currently at or near capacity (and          16.8% across the Far North) will have
cannot service any new customers)           limited coverage.
will be able to provide service to
more households inside their                The New Zealand Census captures
coverage area.                               internet access data across the
                                             country. According to the 2018
These central government sponsored           census, 65.9% of homes in Far North
 programmes are helping with                 District had access to the internet.
‘Universal Service’, which is ensuring      This is an increase from the 2013
 baseline digital infrastructure is          census of 57% but our district is
 available. They do not address              still below regional and national
‘Meaningful Connectivity’ and                indicators for mobile, telephone
‘Universal Access’, which is impactful       and internet access. The Census
 and equal access for all people. This is    also shows a shift in how people
 relevant to affordability, poor digital     are accessing the internet. In 2018,
 literacy, the quality of connectivity       when compared to 2013, access to
 and relevance issues. In regards to         a telephone (landline) was down
 baseline standards, the Australian         -2,580 households, but access to a
 Government has just introduced              mobile phone had increased +2,283
 minimum broadband speeds for all            households. This is in keeping with
 Australians.                                global trends as people move away
                                             from fixed landlines and adopt
The government’s RBI1, completed in          mobile technology.
2016, greatly improved broadband
CONTEXT | 10

Every year since 2016 the Far               UNESCO Broadband Commission for
North District Council has run a            Digital Development in 2011, stating
Broadband Speed Test Survey.                it should cost under five percent of
Through taking part, our communities        household income. In the Far North,
identify infrastructure issues              survey respondents spent between
and improvements. We use this               0.3% and 6.1% of their monthly
independent, crowd-sourced                  income on broadband services. 92%
data to advocate on behalf of our           of respondents spend less than 5%.
communities for better broadband.           The 8% that spend more than 5%
There were 173 responses to the             are from households with annual
2019/2020 survey.                           incomes less than $30,000.

In the 2018/19 Northland Broadband          Mobile coverage is still poor with 27%
Speed Test Survey, only two per             of respondents having no mobile
cent of the Far North District-based        reception at home. This was greatest
respondents indicated that they were        in Kaikohe-Hokianga ward at 19.4%,
on fibre, while in the 2019/20 survey       12.% in Te Hiku and 5.7% in Bay of
16 per cent did. The mean average           Islands-Whangaroa.
download speed across Northland
has increased from 20Mbps to                There were 11 different providers
46Mbps, although the median has             represented in the survey. There is
only lifted from 15 to 17Mbps. This         now more choice than ever in terms
difference in mean and median shows         of ‘type’ of broadband – whether it
the rollout of fibre in urban areas has     be mobile, fixed (ADSL, VDSL, fibre)
skewed the average speed and the            or satellite and improvements
gap in connectivity between those           in technology and the increased
in urban areas with fibre, and rural        competition in the market means
areas without, is growing the digital       that some very expensive options
divide between Northland’s towns            (like satellite) have fallen in price and
and rural communities.                      the quality of service has improved
                                            greatly. Satellite broadband will see
The proportion of respondents               further disruption later this year when
 indicating that they are more than or      SpaceX’s Starlink satellite constellation
 very satisfied with the internet service   goes live.
 has risen from 11 per cent in 2018/19
 to 17 per cent in 2019/20 across           There are few training and upskilling
 Northland. However, one-in-four            opportunities in the Far North in the
 respondents are not at all satisfied       digital space. There are online courses
 with the internet service they have        offered by overseas or national
 and a further 40 per cent are only         providers, but students need a base
 partly satisfied. These percentages        level of digital literacy (and
 have not changed a great deal in           connectivity) to access these courses.
 the past two years. The speed test         A few local tertiary providers offer
 also looks at affordability issues.        degrees and diplomas in web
‘Affordable broadband’ was set by ITU/      development and coding however
Background | 11

these are Whangarei based and none          for a Digital Public Service, the UN
currently operate in the Far North.         Sustainable Development Goals,
There are some more basic level,            Council’s Community Outcomes, Far
informal computing classes available        North 2100, the Far North Libraries
at community centres and education          April 2020 Outreach Survey and the
providers, and council initiatives like     Internet New Zealand’s May 2020
the Far North Libraries Robot Tuesdays      Five point plan for digital inclusion:
are helping the next generation get         COVID-19 and beyond.
excited about science, technology,
engineering and mathematics (STEM).
There are few opportunities for
seniors wanting to upskill.

In 2019 a Digital Hub opened in Kaitaia.
The hub offers hot-desking, co-working
spaces, video conferencing and meeting
rooms with the intention of bringing
businesses and the community together.
Prices start at $5 for 1 hours casual
hotdesking. A second hub is planned
for Kaikohe.

At March 2020, New Zealand’s
unemployment rate was 6.5%. This is
expected to rise as the impacts of
COVID-19 on the labour market
become clearer. In the Far North the
number of people receiving Jobseeker
Support payments from Work and
Income increased from 2,982 people
in March to 3,691 people in April, a
23% increase. The tourism sector has
been hit particularly hard.

Taking the above into account, this
Strategy and Action Plan focusses on
the immediate challenges, identified
by our communities, that we need to
tackle to eliminate the digital divide in
the Far North. It also celebrates the
unique strengths we have as a district
and investigates how we might build
on these and use digital connectivity
for our own and collective benefit.
Consideration has also given to the
New Zealand Government’s Strategy
Goals | 12

Goals

   CONNECT         GROW
   TuHONO        WhaKAtipu

         KORERO MAI,
         KORERO ATU
          SPEAK UP,
          SPEAK OUT

   MANAAKI       Whakarato
    CARE          Deliver
“Utilising smart-phone      “We have very limited university
                     apps and sites that are     courses in the Far North — and
                        mobile-supported is      limited courses that youth can do
   “Bring better     great for our region, as    while living at home. I am
    educational    mobile data solutions are     assuming that this is due to
      options to        more affordable for      resourcing — both financial and
     Northland,              many than ‘full’    people. It is a shame, for those
providing hands     connectivity and as this     that do go and get educated
   on options as       technology becomes        outside of the area, we don’t have
  well as online   more affordable it is now     the jobs for them to return to and
      learning.”               widely used.”     so they continue to live outside the
                                                 area and don’t come back until it
    “Use connectivity to help a bunch of         is time to retire or they have set
  kids to learn a whole bunch of                  up financial nest egg. We need
stuff from a whole bunch of                             more university courses
      really smart people                                  and certainly a wider
    around the world.”                                        variety of options to
                                                                study and then jobs
         “We have no                                             to be able to keep
                                                                  our youth. Even if

                            CONNECT
  mobile coverage
 at all at our farm.                                              my children could
 We rely solely on                                                 continue to do
  the landline and                                                 university classes
   sometimes this                                                  like they have with
      is affected by                                              their high school
     flooding or wet
  weather. Our farm
             is large so if
          someone has an
                            TuHONO
               accident a long
                                                                 classes over zoom
                                                                etc. At least they
                                                              would be provided
                                                            with the opportunity
                                                         to upskill — in a career
            way from home then                      of their choice.”
          they can’t use a mobile
           phone for help. Part of    “Reception needs to be available to those
                   our farm forms     out of reach places and then once more 4G
                     the Cycleway     towers are installed (like the one that was
                         and it has   installed for our rural areas) they need to
                   poor coverage.”    be protected from vandals.”

         “During the Covid19 lockdown technology has      “We need better
                become the only way for some of us to     internet connection
communicate with those not in our bubble. However         and speeds. I work from
 this has meant having to get internet, to pay for this   home via the internet.
       I have had to readjust my already tight budget.    During summer months
           Internet is extremely important in terms of    when tourists arrive in
communication, however for many it is unattainable        numbers our home internet
               due to cost and actual internet access.”   just about disappears.”
| 14

                      GOAL
                      The Far North will have world class mobile and broadband infrastructure
                      by 2023 and every school aged child will have internet access
                      in the home.

                                                   “We need internet speeds
 Rationale                                         that allow businesses to work
 There are three key reasons why                   from home or work remotely
 people are not online — poor                      on site. Extremely limiting
 infrastructure, relevance and                     internet speeds and high
 affordability/cost.                               mobile data costs.”
 • The number one barrier to eliminating
   the digital divide is lack of digital           “The biggest restriction in
   infrastructure.                                 the north is the extremely
                                                   low internet speeds that
 • In the Far North, infrastructure tends
   to be weakest in our rural communities.         limits developing and
                                                   sharing content.”
 • Improvements need to be made in the
   reach, affordability, quality and reliability
   of broadband and mobile coverage
   through increased investment in                 next gen
   infrastructure.
                                                   A survey of schools during Level 4
 This section relates to Internet New              lockdown showed a significant gap
 Zealand’s five point plan for digital             between in home internet access
 inclusion point 5 -Longer term                    for school students in rich and poor
 Internet resilience by addressing                 New Zealand families. The survey
 gaps in coverage and performance                  also found that 56 per cent of the
 and the UN Sustainable Development                low-decile principals felt the lack of
 Goal 9: To Build resilient infrastructure,        internet at home had an impact on
 promote inclusive and sustainable                 teaching and learning. One school
 industrialization and foster innovation.          said “Most class work and homework
                                                   is cloud-based. Lack of access is a
                                                   barrier”. There are 72 schools in the
“A lot of my whanau that live                      Far North District. 62 (86%) are low
in rural areas do not have                         decile and 8 are mid decile. The
good reception or any                              Ministry of Education calculates
                                                   deciles using student addresses and
reception at all.”
                                                   five socio-economic indicators —
                                                   household income, occupation,
                                                   household crowding, education
                                                   qualification, income support.
| 15

“Better connectivity to                   us to the world wide web. Of all the
everyone then kids have the               many ways we can connect to the
opportunity to learn online               internet, fibre offers the fastest &
                                          most consistent performance.
and are not penalised unfairly
by being born in a remote
                                          As shown in the recent Northland
community with only very
                                          Broadband Speed Test survey, the
expensive rural broadband.                gap in connectivity between those in
These days you can learn                  urban areas with fibre, and rural
at home.”                                 areas without, is growing the digital
                                          divide between Northland’s towns
“Engage with youth, connect               and rural communities. In the last two
more directly with school                 years, the mean average download
                                          speed of those responding to the
governance and management,
                                          survey has increased from 20Mbps to
especially high schools.                  46Mbps, although the median has
Challenge curriculum                      lifted only from 15 to 17Mbps. This is
irrelevance.”                             the result of fibre in urban areas
                                          skewing the average.
“Social media is encouraging
creativity among our current              Fibre is expensive to install, and that
generation of students.                   is why central government’s UFB
Through social media                      programme targets higher density
                                          areas where there is usually fibre in
programs such as Tumblr,
                                          the area already. Pushing fibre out
Pinterest, and Instagram,
                                          further into less populated areas will
students are combining                    help address the digital divide, ensuring
technology with inspiration,              people are not receiving a lesser service
 create a wealth of resources             because they live rurally while providing
and information available                 much needed backhaul for all our
globally. Students in higher              networks – both fixed and mobile.
education are able to innovate,
engage in online discussions,             “To many of our tamariki and
and share creativity through              whanau are in the dark ages
social media platforms.                   without internet connection.
Through these platforms                   Fibre should be the basic level
students can share ideas with             for all, not just those in cities.”
each other and collaborate.”
                                          “We need fibre to the marae
                                          and schools then high-speed
fibre is fuel                             broadband from these nodes
Fibre optic cable provides the backbone   out to the local population
for all connectivity, connecting to the   using fibre or copper lines in
underwater oceanic cables that link       the ground.“
| 16

                                                        “Get everyone connected by
5g
                    %
 56
                                                        wired lines and then for those
When asked how we can use                               who are just too far away use
technology to make our district safer,                  5G for fixed wireless access.”
the over whelming majority said more
mobile coverage should be the top
                                                        “I think we should be
 Number of homes
priority.
                                                        minimising our exposure to
 with mobile                                            5G. We are bioelectrical beings
 reception 1                                            our bodies are not evolved
                                                        to deal with all the EMR in
                                                        the atmosphere currently let
 1
     Northland Broadband Speedtest Survey respondents

                                                        alone adding more to it.”
5g
Nothing But Net saw responses for
                                                        “Do not listen to the tin foil hat
both for and against 5G.                                brigade and their lies about
                                                        radiowaves being dangerous.
5G is the next generation of mobile                     There is no evidence that 5G
broadband. 5G provides very fast                        or any of the other wireless
download and upload speeds and                          technologies cause harm.
the latency, or the time it takes devices               Instead, having mobile phones
to communicate with wireless networks                   and better coverage literally
is much less. It could offer fibre-like                 saves lives, especially in rural
speeds in areas where the rollout
                                                        and remote areas. No more
of fibre optic cable is cost prohibitive.
According to the Germany-based
                                                        blackspots of coverage on
international body in charge of setting                 our roads mean breakdowns
limits on exposure to radiation, 5G is                  and accidents can quickly be
safe. However some Far North residents                  responded to.”
are still concerned by the potential
health impacts. There is currently no                   “Most of us stay connected
5G in the Far North and none planned.                   online with Facebook, chatting
                                                        in Messenger, Whatsapp or
In an increasingly connected world,
                                                        Skype, etc. 4G and the existing
questioning the need for everywhere
                                                        fibre are both brilliant for this.
to have coverage is something to
consider. There are communities                         We don’t need 5G. We DO need
overseas where people have chosen                       more people to have access.
to live in areas without wireless signal.               There are still areas of the
Such areas have no interference so                      Far North that have no mobile
are also used for the testing of highly                 coverage at all. And still some
sensitive technical equipment. As                       people who cannot afford
connectivity grows and these areas                      any internet.”
become harder to find, ‘blackspot’
areas potentially increase in value.
| 17

Connect tuhono Action Plan
      What                         Why                               Who                     When
Universal service     The number one barrier to           Work with Te Kahu o            July 2021 –
& universal           eliminating the digital divide      Taonui (Taitokerau Iwi         December 2023
access — increase     is lack of digital infrastructure   Chairs Forum) as per
internet access,      Increase mobile coverage:           agreement with the
affordability         • Pou Herenga Tai Cycle             Northland Mayoral Forum
and improve upload                                        on the agreed common
                      • Trail
and download                                              goal to ‘jointly advocate to
speeds. Push for      • Te Araroa Walkway                 central government on
fibre first and       • Public Conservation Areas         shared regional priorities
address mobile        • Rural Communities                 e.g. provision of digital
blackspots                                                infrastructure’.
                      • Towai/Maromaku
                                                          • Crown Infrastructure
                      • State Highways                      Partners
                      Increase fibre and advocate         • Ministry of Business
                      for key towns not currently           and Innovation
                      listed in UFB rollout;              • Northland Inc
                      • Kaeo                              • Northland Regional
                      • Okaihau                             Council
                                                          • Far North District
                                                            Council
                                                          • Far North Communities

Internet access for   In the Far North District. 86%      • Te Kahu o Taonui             July 2020 –
all school children   of our schools are low decile         (Taitokerau Iwi Chairs       December 2023
                      and no/poor internet access           Forum)
                      in the home is more common          • Northland Mayoral
                      in low decile areas.                  Forum
                                                            Crown Infrastructure
                                                            Partners
                                                          • Ministry of Business,
                                                            Innovation and
                                                            Enterprise
                                                          • Northland Inc
                                                          • Northland Regional
                                                            Council
                                                          • Far North District
                                                            Council
                                                          • Ministry of Education
                                                          • Far North Communities

Advertise ‘choice’    The Speed Test Survey               • Far North District           July 21
and demystify the     showed some people are on             Council
‘current state’ of    inferior connections simply         • Northland Inc
broadband             because they are not aware
                                                          • Far North Communities
infrastructure by     there is something better
promoting use of NZ   available in their area. It also
Broadband Map and     identified in-home issues e.g.
encouraging self-     VDSL recording of 1mbps
checking of in-home   download is not possible as
setup                 VDSL won’t sync at such low
                      rates, or the fibre download
                      speed at 20Mbps.
| 18

      What                        Why                           Who                   When
5G                    Work with central                • Far North District
                      government to disperse             Council
                      information about 5G             • Far North Communities
                                                       • Ministry of Business,
                                                         Innovation and
                                                         Enterprise

Schools as digital    Nothing But Net feedback         • Ministry of Education    July 2020 -
hubs and better       showed that there needs to       • Te Puki Kokiri           ongoing
support our schools   be better curriculum and
and teachers          pastoral support for teachers
                      wanting to teach tech.

                      Make schools ‘digital hubs’.
                      This is likely to be most
                      relevant in rural and remote
                      areas.

                      Support schools to utilise the
                      Digital Learning Lab at
                      Waitangi Treaty Grounds

Marae as digital      Upskill locals to use            • Northland Inc            July 2020 -
hubs                  connectivity to full advantage   • Provincial Growth Fund   ongoing
                      and be the tech support
                                                       • Te Puni Kokiri

Protect the           Limit future attacks on our      • Mobile providers         July 2020-
infrastructure we     digital infrastructure e.g.      • NZ Police                ongoing
have                  mobile towers
                                                       • Northland Inc
                                                       • Northland Regional
                                                         Council
                                                       • Far North District
                                                         Council
                                                       • Far North Communities
“Training and education
                                      are now online in a way
           “The main challenge to     we’ve never seen before.      “Local small
increasing jobs in the Far North      COVID has given us the        businesses
         is the geography. We are     need to upskill and also      could develop
      isolated from many quality      the opportunity. Why          an online
goods, services, technology and       would anyone stick at a       presence;
   infrastructure. The answer to      low paying job when they      and create
  that is making the Far North a      can train and live in their   business
self-sustainable economy. Start       local community and           services and
         with education and good      earn big city money by        transactions
     training. You can connect to     working remotely.”            online.”
  any resource anywhere in the
            world via the internet.   “We need a datacentre up here. A local
     Incentivise kids to learn and             supplier of a Far North Cloud.
  people, goods and services                         This is sold on as services
 to stay in the Far North.                               to start-ups and small
       This will grow the                                  businesses. All of this
    infrastructure and                                       $ is going south at the
   naturally jobs will                                         moment. We need to
         be created.”                                           encourage startups

                           GROW
                                                                 to grow and base
        “We need                                                 themselves
   awesome jobs                                                  here — and trust
using technology                                                 in the connectivity
  for some would
be work you could
do from home, like
    mums who have
                         Whakatipu                               back to the world
                                                                that will allow for
                                                              this to happen. Like
                                                             Hawkes Bay and BOP
   just had babies but                                     we position the district
    aren’t quite ready to                               as a place to locate your
      leave their baby to go                        successful tech enterprise.
          back to work, digital              This can be developers, testers,
            devices can make          contact centres, support staff as
                 that possible.”      better option to the cities.”

                 “Technology allows some roles to be done in any location,
                 so we physically do not have to leave our district for
                 employment. Better connectivity would aid this.”

“Create an environment in our communities        “Take the skills that people
 that encourages, collaboration, discussion      learn doing things they consider
   and unity by drawing people together to       fun and extend them to develop
      common goals that benefit the wider        further skills and the desire to
    population. Create work opportunities        use them in activities that return
                that were not possible with      a financial benefit to themselves
                        old tech systems.”       and the community.”
| 20

                GOAL
                The Far North will challenge the pre-covid economic model and use
                technology to create a new state of being that embraces disruption,
                collaboration and localism and has positive social impacts.

“We need to think about
a different economic model.                  Rationale
One that aligns with the                     Improved digital connectivity is
cultural and personal values                 crucial for economic development
of the people rather than                    and can transform the very
pursuing success as a                        nature of an economy. Increased
financial goal. The Covid                    connectivity allows for a transition
fallout on the regional and                  from an economy based on
national economy presents                    resources — which are often finite
                                             and can’t be shared easily — to
an opportunity to encourage
                                             one of knowledge — where ideas
employers to engage people                   can be freely exchanged. This is
who work remotely and have                   known as the ‘quaternary sector’.
good connectivity. Create                    Internet access is vital to extending
work hubs where people are                   access to educational resources and
working in the same space                    accelerating knowledge sharing,
for different employers while                and can enhance healthcare access
sharing the benefit of sharing               and empower disadvantaged
                                             communities. Here we look at how
ideas and finding ways for
                                             we could use connectivity to grow
businesses to collaborate.”                  our people and economy.

“Partner up with some big                    This section relates to UN
wigs either from NZ or globally.             Sustainable Development
Be bold and innovative. Don’t                Goals 4 & 8 — Ensure inclusive
wait for it to come to you, go               and equitable quality education
out and find it.”                            and promote lifelong learning
                                             opportunities for all, and; Promote
                                             sustained, inclusive and sustainable
                                             economic growth, full and
                                             productive employment and decent
                                             work for all.
| 21

future work                               “Easy online access to
                                          situations vacant so that
The Far North has a great lifestyle to    we could get access to the
offer but our district’s geographical     employer who is advertising
and digital isolation has contributed
                                          the work instead of having
to a limited job market. With better
connectivity and innovative thinking,
                                          to go through all these other
future jobs no longer need to be          channels such as WINZ. Online
bound by location, putting the Far        CV forms made easy for
North on par with other areas to          people to fill in and complete
receive and grow local talent.            without having to feel
                                          degraded for not having one or
Our local products and services           being unable to complete one.”
can be sold online in the global
marketplace. Having an online
presence will be key to our district’s    innovation hubs
post-covid economic recovery as
current and future travel restrictions    Our current economic strengths are
limit the numbers of overseas visitors.   based on natural resource-related
Good connectivity allows customers        industries. ICT and broadband
to find you with a click.                 infrastructure provides a platform
                                          to add value to these industries
“I think there are lots of                through improved performance
                                          measurement, resource management
opportunity to create jobs up
                                          innovation, and allowing businesses
here in the Far North, I have             to maintain connections with
my own business, with clients             customers and suppliers.
in North America and all over
NZ, it’s entirely run online.”            There was strong support for the
                                          establishment of digital hubs
“It would be great to have                and business incubator-type
call centres located in areas             opportunities. There is already
with people who need jobs in              a digital hub in Kaitaia and one
                                          planned for Kaikohe, offering co-
NZ, rather than outsourcing
                                          location opportunities and event
overseas. With fibre                      spaces. The Ngawha Innovation &
connectivity it should be easy            Enterprise Park (NIEP) is currently
to set up telecommunications              being built just out of Kaikohe.
hubs to make this happen.                 NIEP will lead programmes in
People could even work                    research and development,
from home!!”                              workforce development, value-
                                          add manufacturing, new business
                                          development and co-location
                                          opportunities.
| 22

“We need to create an            “Put in some hubs and funding
innovation hub, with             like Whangarei’s orchard.
investment from national         Collaboration, support and
and local government.            mentoring matter. Cheap
Starting with a support          effective disused commercial
hub similar to Ice House,        space with some x-factor, like
for example, we then need        what The Merchants did in
to approach entrepreneurs        Kerikeri, but for tech.”
who want to enjoy the Far
North lifestyle while running
their business. We need to
invest in a Far North based
education facility focusing on
future technologies. This will
help keep our young people
in our communities, as well.”

“Hanging out with innovative
people breeds innovative ideas
and innovation. We need to
create hubs, opportunities
and forums where people can
mix and meet others to share
what they are up to and
inspire others.”

“Create Regional Digital Hubs
(RDHs). RDHs are place-based
facilities which may include
key digital services such as
free connectivity (via WiFi),
co-working spaces for
businesses and potentially
council activities, event
spaces, some support for
technical connectivity
and guidance on use
of the internet for
business purposes.”
| 23

Whakatipu Action Plan
       What                          Why                           Who                  When
Use technology help     Alongside growing our pool        • Northland Regional      December 2020
connect workers         of remote workers there is          Council                 – December
with local work         also a need to use technology     • Northland Inc           2023
opportunities           to find more efficient and
                                                          • Far North District
                        affordable ways of
                                                            Council
                        transporting workers to
                        where the jobs are.

                        Start date is post General
                        Election as funding options
                        will be clearer at this point.

Support Ngawha          To support value added            • Far North Holdings      July 2020 – July
Innovation &            primary sector in the Far         • Far North District      2022
Enterprise Park         North and provide support           Council
(NIEP)                  for technology-led innovation
                                                          • Northland Inc
                        and skill creation.
                                                          • Primary sector
                                                          • Iwi
                                                          • Far North Communities

Far North               The Far North is home to          • Far North District      July 2020 –
Marketplace – an        many makers and                     Council                 December 2020
online store and        craftspeople. This project will   • Far North Communities
real-life support as    bring support and
part of post            coordination to our already
COVID-19 economic       established markets, create a
recovery                recognised ‘market trail’,
                        while expanding the scope of
                        our markets to include online
                        (using an already established
                        platform like Etsy) so makers
                        can capitalise on a global
                        marketplace

Support Digital Hubs    Develop opportunities for         • Northland Inc           July 2020 – June
in the Far North and    skill sharing and networking      • Digital Hubs            2021
improve digital         and for Far North businesses
                                                          • Far North District
skills for businesses   to upskill and create an
                                                            Council
                        online presence, allow for
                        online bookings and               • Far North Communities
                        transactions etc                  • Business Associations

                        Note: The Governments May
                        2020 Budget included $10
                        million for incentives and
                        grants to encourage SMEs to
                        take up more technology
                        such as ecommerce
“I’m not very good on those [iPad] but my         “Make digital
         Moko is doing her schoolwork on one and           content for Northland
       her Poppa always carries his everywhere to          by Northlanders.
       take as many photos and videos as he can.”          What employment
                                                           opportunities are
       “Stable IT infrastructure will support a rural      available in the Far
  interdisciplinary health hub development in mid          North? What training
   north and rural Northland. Students who would           is available here in the
        otherwise not access core science subjects         Far North? Is there any
   necessary for health science tertiary education,        financial support for
    through their local school supplied curriculum         training here in the
 could access a regional science academy through           Far North? Who can
                remote learning and peer support.”         help — with CV’s, Drivers
                                                           Licences, who are Justice
     “There are some really                                of the Peace? Make a
     cool online learning                                     website to support our
   programs available                                          people with answers
    overseas such as                                             to our most common
       Coursera. This                                             questions. Make
       allows you to
watch lectures and
                                 KORERO MAI,                       it available for
                                                                   employers
   complete tasks
 that are part of a              KORERO ATU                         to advertise.”

           university                                           “Connect and
program. There are
    a huge variety of             SPEAK UP,                     better utilize
                                                               worldwide
  things that you can                                         resources. Step away
       learn about and if
         something doesn’t
                                  SPEAK OUT                 from the conventional
                                                         model of education and
    interest you, you can just                        broaden the scope into real
 stop watching. Many of these                   areas that affect real people.”
programs are completely free.
       It would be great to get a         “I already do     “We could do online Te
 similar platform set up in NZ.       training courses      Reo basics through video
         Online courses could be     using data on my       calls i.e. families learning
      provided by a range of NZ       iPhone using 3G.      together, four families
   educational institutions for            It’s fast and    one tutor would be
            free or a small cost.”          unlimited!”     something cool to see.
                                                            It could be used to teach
       “Check out Te Ipukarea — The National Māori          those of Non- Māori
  Language Institute was established in 2008 partly         decent to learn as well
   to develop and advance a digital strategy for the        so we can all grow as
        creation, delivery, and assessment of Māori         one and become closer
         language curricula as well as the collection       as a community.”
             and dissemination of Māori knowledge
                         across a range of domains.“
| 25

                GOAL
                The Far North will be known as tech-friendly district with
                a skilled workforce.

“Let’s market our place as a
tech friendly start-up place                  Rationale
for people.”                                  In this section we look at building
                                              on and advertising our strengths.
“Technology doesn’t just mean                 We already have excellent
computers, software and apps.                 connectivity in some areas
It is about problem solving.                  and planned improvements in
Understanding what problems,                  others. We have a growing pool
                                              of local talent, people who are
or opportunities face our
                                              using connectivity to do amazing
communities provides the                      things right now. We have already
motivation and thirst for                     successful local businesses who
knowledge.”                                   might need a helping hand to
                                              develop their online presence and
“Technology can be used to                    take their product to the world.
expose people to what is out
there! This is what virtual                   This section looks at how can we
reality tech looks like, this is              speak up and share all the great
what it does and then, digital                stuff that is already happening,
                                              support our people and businesses
workshops/footage of what
                                              to embrace technology, innovate,
you can do with it. Show the                  upskill and entice those already
people what is out there and                  in the tech industry to consider
what is possible, then, let                   bringing their business — and
them go for it.”                              their jobs — to the Far North.

                                             making the makers
                                            For our local tech sector to evolve
                                            we need to support workforce
                                            development. Across New Zealand
                                            outside of the main centres there are
                                            limited learning opportunities in IT
                                            related fields. While there are online
                                            course available, these require good
| 26

connectivity and the discipline to learn     nationally and internationally
in isolation. Also, not all online courses   for the appropriate teaching
(especially ones based overseas)             resources. Likewise,
are eligible for NZ study grants and
                                             we could “export” local
student loans.
                                             knowledge across same
                                             networks. This would
Nothing But Net feedback showed
a strong desire by our communities           make living and working
to upskill in tech so that they can be       in Northland an attractive
makers, not just consumers. People           option and allow “work from
also identified the power of peer            home” or “work from regions”
support and learning with others as          possible. Less commuting.
well as having the opportunity to be         Lifestyle balance living
tactile and physically interact with         rurally but still contributing
things in the real world.
                                             to ‘city-based’ enterprise.”

“New Zealand has a unique                    “To attend courses remotely
cultural mix and with the                    using digital platforms.
advent of digital technology                 This would enable us to
we are more able to share                    stay in our communities
that with a wider world                      but upskill vs having to travel
than ever before. We don’t                   or move to another part
need to allow the Americans                  of the country.”
or the Brits to colonise our
subconscious — we can build
our own identity and share                   taking local global
it with the world.”                          An online presence is essential for
                                             any business. The first step for most
“Giving the community                        people researching a product or
opportunities to engage                      service is an online search. For
with technology in ways                      businesses without an online
that they can create music                   presence, shutting the doors during
or art or movies, rather than                lockdown meant shutting out
                                             customers. A website, e-commerce
passively being users and
                                             platforms and social media channels
becoming content creators.”                  all help sell and showcase your product
                                             and engage with customers or
“A technology facilitated                    potential customers. Nothing But Net
inter professional and mixed                 feedback showed local businesses
trade educational facility                   know there are tools available but they
would mean less dependence                   would like support to use these tools
on local teaching skills but                 to reach their online potential.
could reach out regionally,
| 27

“There is a lack of                     talent we already have in the
understanding of what                   Far North District.”
you can do in a digital space.
There needs to be more training          “With stable, reliable
or educational information              connectivity in the Far North
available. For example, we              there should be no difference
have started to use facebook            to working elsewhere in the
to sell our business products           country, or world for that
under covid-19 but we have              matter. I really think the key
struggled to use the platform,          to this initially is securing
and will be not using it to its         and then advertising stable,
full ability. We need to be             reliable, uninterrupted,
more in the digital space to            connectivity.”
promote local industry.”
                                        “We need an event where
“Educate people how to run              people can showcase their
a business online or how to             ideas and products.”
assist others setting this up.
Create a safe and creative              “I design print format:
platform for Northland based            logos, business cards, flyers,
business’s to place ads.”               brochures, invitations,
                                        catalogues, magazines,
shout about it                          newspapers, signage
                                        (billboards, storefronts),
The Far North does not currently have   vehicle wraps, flags, banners,
a reputation for being a tech savvy     etc. All you need is a PC with
district. With ongoing improvements
                                        the correct software and
in connectivity and a growing skilled
workforce, now is a good time to
                                        a wild imagination!”
create a new narrative and market
the Far North as digitally enabled
district to encourage further growth
in this sector.

“Right now people often have
to leave small towns and go
to the city if they want to
advance their careers in all
kinds of industries. It would
be fantastic if we would
encourage employers all over
the country to realise what
| 28

KoRERO MAI, KoRERO ATU - SPEAK UP, SPEAK OUT Action Plan
      What                       Why                               Who                    When
Use technology       By partnering with                 • Connected Nation US          March 2021–
help connect         organisations already doing        • Far North District Council   July 2021
workers with         online training to help people
                                                        • Northland Inc
remote learning      get ‘job ready’ and placement in
and work             jobs we can bring international    • US State Department
opportunities        expertise and future global        • MSD
                     opportunities to our district.

                     NOTE: Funding has been
                     secured to deliver this project

Campaign to          Market the Far North as            • Far North Business           July 2020 –
celebrate our        digitally enabled district that      Associations                 June 2021
digital success      celebrates our successes and       • Remote Workers
stories              shows what’s possible. Plus
                                                        • Northland Inc
                     the enviable Far North
                     lifestyle including cheaper        • Far North District Council
                     housing.

Support Tuia         Travelling museum and              • Ministry of Education        October 2020
Matauranga           education facility showcasing      • Schools/Kura
Education Truck to   high tech activities
                                                        • Far North District Council
visit Far North
towns and schools

App development      • An app that can help             • Far North Communities        July 2020 –
                       celebrate our place, people                                     December
                       and culture and share it                                        2023
                       with others. We are a
                       district of great storytellers
                       and great stories to tell.
                     • An app to share great
                       experiences like our Pou
                       Herenga Tai Twin Coast
                       Cycle Trail, the Te Araroa
                       Trail, our beaches and
                       forests.
                     • Run a community monthly
                       online art exhibition. Upload
                       your art onto the online art
                       gallery. Could be themed
                       each month. One month
                       could be visual art, another
                       month environmental
                       sculpture etc.
                     • Set up a live free Q & A
                       with someone from the
                       community – a business
                       owner, teachers,
                       kids — where people can
                       ask them questions online
                       live and they can answer
                       however they want.
                     • Virtual tourism e.g. 360
                       virtual tour of the treaty
                       grounds with optional
                       commentary.
“Sharing cultural
                        videos can be seen
                             as a passionate
                            person for their     “As we move from paper
       “Lately I have     culture. And they      to digital the life of the digital
   seen some of my       want the world to       record must be maintained
     fb friends using         know that this     for the future. This needs
   zoom to workout      culture is alive and     protecting in back-ups, from
           together!”    still going strong.”    being hacked and then future
                                                 proofed in formats that will
      “Love the apps for learning                allow it to be accessed into
          languages such as                         the future. This requires a
Duolingo, but also more                                level of prudence and
  and more for Te Reo                                     capability in our
  Maori. Tikanga is a                                       digital guardians
      harder one to                                          who oversee this.
    learn digitally,                                          Data becomes
    however have                                               more and more
  seen some cool                                               valuable — as an
 ones for walking
     tours around
 museums etc, so
this could be done
                        Manaaki                                asset when it
                                                               holds the history
                                                               and informs the
                                                              future. This value

                         Care
    virtually where                                          must be realised.”
someone could walk
        us through the                                  “It helps with my
         Waitangi Treaty                              partners tattoo sketches
 Grounds and talk about the                       because you’re saving so
   Taonga but also add in things like           much trees by cutting down on
            common terms, tapu, rahui etc       paper and saving thousands of
                   and maybe some history       your own ideas into files that
                           and examples.”       can be backed up.”

         “We can use digital      “Community online Zoom dance
           tools to share and     classes, karate, Tai Chi, stretching,
         teach other people       yoga and exercises to get everyone a
          about each other’s      little more physical. Local information
        cultures. By sharing      about where to buy healthy food, from
     each other cultures and      restaurants and takeaways, to farm
      teaching other people       stalls and markets. Mental health is
         about them we can        really important. “Exercise the mind
             protect peoples      with some puzzles, reading novels.
               cultures from      There are support groups for trauma,
                  being lost.”    depression, etc already”
| 30

 Tēnā koe. Āe e tika ana kia            Greetings. Yes it is appropriate to
 pupuri i ngā tikanga o a mātou         adhere to our ancestral customs for
 Matua Tupuna o tātou o Ngai Māori.     Māori near and far. The world of
 E huri ana te ao inaianei ki ngā rā    today has turned from times past.
 o nehe. Ko te ipurangi tētahi o ngā    The internet being one of those prized
 tino taonga ka whakamahi i ēnei        treasures used today by little ones,
 rā, kohungahunga mai, taiohi mai,      young ones, older and elderly ones
 mātua mai, kaumātua mai hoki.          as well. We must learn about and be
 Me ako, me whakaako e tātou me         taught the complexities of the net, its
 pehea te whakamahi tika i te           software and all associated elements
 ipurangi, ngā taupānga me erā atu      of the digital world that will enhance
 o te ao matihiko kia ora ai tātou,     our wellbeing, our vocabulary
 kia ora ai tō tātou reo, kia ora ai    including our customary practices.
 ō tātou tikanga anō hoki. Ā, mā te     By use of the internet, whanau
 ipurangi ka taea te tohatoha ki        wellbeing will be continuous and
 te whānau, ki te ao hoki o tātou       enhanced and our worldly knowledge,
 tikanga, kia mōhio pai ai te ao        language and customs will not be lost.
 katoa, kia kore ai o mātou tikanga     We must make use of the internet for
 e ngaro. Me whakamahi tātou i te       our benefit that will capture our
 ipurangi hei painga mā tātou, kia      histories of today and of tomorrow.
 hopu hītori mo te inaianei me          Translation provided by Ted Wihongi, Senior
 te apōpō.                              Maori Liaison Officer Far North District Council.

                GOAL
                GOAL: Our people will be digitally literate and have the
                support they need to use connectivity to help take better
                care of themselves, each other, our culture and our
                environment.

“Have classes for us “oldies”           “I would love the opportunity to
who can do basics on the                use technology in our Kura to
computer but wish to do more.”          create pest monitoring systems
                                        and work alongside the local
“Use technology to raise                council and government
awareness about nutrition,              departments to see if students
growing kai and more                    could use technology to monitor
information about our                   ecological issues that affect
connection to food as                   our community”
individuals and as a society.”
                                        “Use drones against pest
                                        species!”
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