The Voice Heard 'Round the World - Joint Communications Support Element
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JCSE
JCSE members ensure rapid connectivity to
multiple users accessing network and deploying
assets during operational exercise
Joint Communications Support Element
The Voice Heard ’Round the World
By K i r b y E . W a t s o n
I
n early January 2010, a catastrophic 7.0-magnitude earthquake rippled through Port-au-Prince, Haiti,
affecting more than 3 million people and resulting in one of the worst natural disasters in history. More
than 250,000 homes and buildings were destroyed including the Presidential Palace, National Assembly
building, and headquarters of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. Additionally, the earth-
quake knocked out communications systems and electrical networks that were essential to respond to the various
needs of Haitian citizens during this time of extreme devastation.
Enter the Joint Communications Support Element (JCSE), which arrived in Haiti within 24 hours of the
earthquake and provided the first joint and secure communication capabilities in the country. JCSE communica-
tions equipment enabled the Haitian government to communicate with the U.S. President, Secretary of Defense,
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Department of State to identify the way ahead for relief operations. In
Colonel Kirby E. Watson, USA, is Commander of the Joint Communications Support Element at MacDill Air Force Base.
n d u p res s .ndu.edu issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 / JFQ 49
COMMENTARY | The Voice Heard ‘Round the World
addition, JCSE provided the initial secure in 2011, both the JECC and its subordinate ernment in June of 1979. Within 14 hours,
voice, network, and video-teleconference commands were reassigned to U.S. Trans- JCSE had provided secure communications to
capabilities for Joint Task Force (JTF)–Haiti portation Command. USS Wainwright and USS Saipan in the vicin-
commander, Lieutenant General Ken Keen, Despite JCSE’s continuous evolution ity of the Panama Canal.
USA, and his staff. Without JCSE’s ability over the last 50 years, the essence of the
to provide these essential communications original CSE mission has remained at the As word of the element’s capabili-
ties spread throughout the Department of
Defense (DOD), the demand for JCSE
JCSE’s persistent focus on expeditionary, increased exponentially. Additionally, in
the mid-1980s, JCSE adjusted its mission to
joint communications support has taken it all over
provide concurrent joint communications
the world to assist in some of the most highly publicized support to more than one commander. Spe-
U.S. military operations of the last half century cifically, this included direct JCSE support
to two JTFs and two joint special operations
task forces simultaneously. For JCSE to
capabilities in the time period immediately forefront. JCSE’s persistent focus on expedi- provide communications to multiple, simul-
following the earthquake, it is possible that tionary, joint communications support has taneous missions, two Air National Guard
U.S. humanitarian assistance efforts may not taken it all over the world to assist in some units—the 224th and 290th Joint Communica-
have been as successful. of the most highly publicized U.S. military tions Support Squadrons—were aligned to
This article demonstrates that commu- operations of the last half century. the JCSE mission.
nications during a disaster relief operation is Over the next few years, JCSE solidified
only one of the many mission sets that JCSE Ever-changing Mission its position and value within DOD during
is prepared to support. With over 50 years of When JCSE was initially stood up various noteworthy operations such as:
joint communications experience across the in 1961, each branch of the Armed Forces
full spectrum of military operations, JCSE already maintained its own signal/communi- ■■ Operations Desert Shield/Desert
has earned the designation of the “Voice cations units. However, those resources were Storm: JCSE provided the communications
Heard ’Round the World.” typically predesignated for specific mission between the in-theater forces and the com-
sets and therefore could not meet the demand mander of USCENTCOM.
The Establishment of JCSE for joint or multi-Service crisis operations. ■■ Operation Restore Hope: JCSE pro-
JCSE, a subordinate command of JCSE was established to fill this gap as a dedi- vided a package capable of supporting a JTF
the Joint Enabling Capabilities Command cated communications resource for short- with satellite communications, secure voice,
(JECC), was originally established at notice contingency operations. Additionally, facsimile, and telephone.2
MacDill Air Force Base, Florida, in 1961 as as a multi-Service and eventually a fully joint ■■ Operation Support Hope: JCSE pro-
the Communications Support Element (CSE) unit, JCSE had the unique ability to enable vided essential communications support to
under the now disestablished U.S. Strike commanders to communicate across multi- the JTF headquartered in Entebbe, Uganda.3
Command (USSTRICOM). With just over Service platforms and leverage the most effi-
400 Air Force and Army personnel assigned, cient means of communication to accomplish Within the past 10 years, JCSE’s
the CSE was established to serve as a quick the mission. primary focus has been on operations in the
response communications unit during crisis Within the first two decades of its USCENTCOM area of responsibility follow-
and contingency operations. In 1972, the existence, JCSE’s two original Active-duty ing the attacks of 9/11 and the subsequent
Navy and Marine Corps joined the CSE, and squadrons—the 1st and 2nd Joint Communi- war on terror. JCSE members were deployed
it was appropriately redesignated as JCSE. cations Squadrons (JCS)—employed their within weeks of 9/11 and were actively
Operational control was transferred to the expertise to a variety of military opera- involved in operations in Afghanistan barely
Joint Chiefs of Staff while U.S. Readiness tions including: 2 months later. JCSE troopers were some of
Command (USREDCOM) gained respon- the first military responders to arrive in Iraq
sibility for administrative and logistical ■■ Support to the commander of JTF-Leo to support Operation Iraqi Freedom in March
support. At the deactivation of USREDCOM in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in of 2003 and have since maintained a con-
in 1987, administrative control of JCSE 1964. JCSE established the initial communica- tinuous presence in the country throughout
was reassigned to U.S. Central Command tions connectivity from JTF-Leo to the com- that operation (March 2003—August 2010)
(USCENTCOM) where it remained until mander of USSTRICOM. and the duration of the follow-on mission,
1998 when it transferred to U.S. Atlantic ■■ The international peacekeeping force Operation New Dawn (September 2010–
Command (which transitioned to U.S. Joint organized to counter the rebel invasion of December 2011). Over 2,000 JCSE members
Forces Command [USJFCOM] in 1999) southern Zaire in 1978. JCSE provided a have rotated through Iraq in support of these
along with operational control. In 2008, the communications link for the former Military operations, and as U.S. troops withdrew from
JECC was established and JCSE became one Airlift Command between Zaire and Corsica.1 Iraq following the completion of New Dawn
of its three subordinate commands. Fol- ■■ The evacuation of U.S. citizens from on December 15, 2011, the final three JCSE
lowing the disestablishment of USJFCOM Nicaragua under the fall of the Somoza gov- members in Iraq deployed to home station,
50 JFQ / issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 ndupres s . ndu. edu
WATSON
JCSE
JCSE team sets up Deployable Joint Command and Control system
thus ending JCSE’s uninterrupted support to Global Response Force execution, and bridge system can be broken down into reduced
a mission that spanned almost 9 years. Addi- joint operational requirements. Currently portions to provide communications to
tionally, since March of 2002, JCSE has pro- commanded by Rear Admiral Scott Stearney, small mobile missions or midsize JTFs.
vided continuous communications to joint USN, the JECC offers a highly skilled team These condensed packages have the same
and special operations forces units in various that rapidly increases joint force command functionality as the full DJC2, only on a
locations throughout Pakistan, Afghanistan, and control capability at the operational level smaller scale. To support the aforementioned
and elsewhere for multiple missions stem- of a newly formed joint force headquarters. In geographic combatant commands, JCSE
ming from Operation Enduring Freedom. addition to JCSE, the JECC also gained two maintains direct support detachments of 16
In March 2005, JCSE was tasked as a other subordinate commands upon its estab- members, each responsible for the mainte-
global joint force command, control, com- lishment: the Joint Public Affairs Support nance and employment of the DJC2 at their
munications, and computer (C4) enabler. Element and Joint Planning Support Element. respective command headquarters. When
Reorganizing existing resources to add Additionally, in 2008, the Secretary of additional support is needed, JCSE can
another Active-duty squadron (3rd JCS), JCSE Defense tasked JCSE with the maintenance deploy a surge team of 10 members, who are
was postured to support this new role. The 4th and operation of the Deployable Joint also trained on the DJC2 system and can fall
JCS, an Army Reserve squadron, was added Command and Control (DJC2) systems for in on the detachments for extra assistance.
in 2006 to bring additional strategic depth U.S. Pacific Command (USPACOM), U.S. Since being tasked with the DJC2 mission
and flexibility supporting the successful Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM), set, each of the combatant commands’ DJC2
execution of the JCSE mission. U.S. European Command, and U.S. Africa system has been used during both Chairman
In 2008, the JECC was established to Command. The DJC2, an integrated of the Joint Chief of Staff’s exercises and real-
provide rapidly deployable, mission-tailored command and control headquarters system, world operations.
joint capability packages to combatant com- can provide unclassified/classified network Most recently, USPACOM deployed its
manders in order to facilitate the rapid estab- access to a full JTF of up to 1,500 users. If DJC2 system and detachment to Yokota Air
lishment of joint force headquarters, fulfill a full JTF is not needed, the versatile DJC2 Base in support of Operation Tomodachi, the
n d u p res s .ndu.edu issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 / JFQ 51COMMENTARY | The Voice Heard ‘Round the World
humanitarian assistance operation following One of the major contributing factors Honoré, USA (Ret.), the JTF-Katrina com-
the March 2011 earthquake, tsunami, and in this significant reduction of both man- mander. A small executive communications
subsequent nuclear disaster in Japan. Once power and equipment was JCSE’s initiation kit was designed specifically for the mission
notified, it took the JCSE team approximately of the “Everything over Internet Protocol” to provide 24/7 access to secure/nonsecure
72 hours to forward deploy and have the (EoIP) communications architecture. Legacy voice, data, and Internet via the EoIP archi-
DJC2 system set up and fully operational. communications systems used circuit-based tecture. The kit, which Honoré took with him
The communications provided to the joint networks that required serial cabling and wherever he traveled, allowed him to sustain
force commander, which included unclassi- consumed large amounts of valuable band- command and control of the numerous agen-
fied and classified network access and video- width dedicated to specific communication cies supporting the relief efforts.
teleconferencing, was critical to ensuring the services. The EoIP architecture sends com- JCSE uses a bottom-up approach in
military units could communicate quickly munication services over IP satellite modems designing, testing, fielding, and sustaining
and effectively during relief efforts. that allocate bandwidth as required, resulting its capabilities. This approach is focused on
in a pool of available bandwidth and increas- small unit deployments at the tactical edge
Revolutionizing Military ing user flexibility to change between com- for proof of concept while planning for scal-
Communications munications services on demand. ability to larger size deployments and opera-
Early in its history, JCSE began JCSE’s transition to EoIP technology, tions up to a JTF headquarters. This approach
working with industry to develop joint led by the operational and technical vision also emphasizes the on-scene commander as
solutions. This practice—along with JCSE’s of Colonel Thomas Hopkins, USA, the JCSE primary mission support.
ability to rapidly test, integrate, and field commander from 2004 to 2007, enabled JCSE uses its unique strengths to rapidly
the latest communication technologies—led the element to radically condense its com- field sustainable, certified solutions meeting
the Joint Chiefs of Staff to initiate a JCSE munications packages into smaller and more joint force requirements. It does this by:
modernization program equitably funded by deployable entities that were increasingly cost
each Service. JCSE’s modernization program efficient and resulted in a more effective and ■■ building on the vast amount of knowl-
integrates emerging technology into certi- flexible network for joint forces. edge and experience in planning, executing,
fied systems to fill gaps in joint force C4. An additional advantage of the EoIP and supporting joint force missions
JCSE partners with commercial industry technology is the ability for JCSE to tailor ■■ collaborating within the joint C4 com-
to integrate, test, and certify C4 systems its communications packages to a fluid, munity to identify requirements unique to the
based on commercial off-the-shelf technol- developing mission. During the initial for- dynamic tactical environment
ogy and equipment. After obtaining formal mation of a JTF, JCSE normally deploys a ■■ leveraging JCSE ability to field solu-
tions through the acquisition process.
from small, mobile team missions to full-sized JTFs, As JCSE’s mission expanded over the
past few years, DOD has entrusted the man-
JCSE can deploy assets rapidly and scale support agement and employment of various com-
to provide the necessary capabilities munications assets to the element. As the
leader in global C4 capabilities, it was only
fitting that JCSE have a major role in these
Joint Staff interoperability and information small package that supports just five users. evolving technologies.
assurance certification, JCSE’s lightweight However, as the JTF increases operational In partnership with the Defense
and highly mobile systems are completely capability and additional forces begin arriv- Information Systems Agency (DISA), JCSE
interoperable with Service communications ing, JCSE can scale that same basic package maintains the Defense Information Systems
equipment and capabilities. to support up to 1,500 users without any Network–Tactical Edge (DISN-TE), a global
Over time, this modernization program interruption to service. enterprise network capable of supporting all
has enabled JCSE to create communication JCSE’s rapid integration of this technol- combatant commands. This network was
packages that are consistently smaller, lighter, ogy was particularly important during the established to integrate, manage, and control
and faster than previous iterations. The goal disaster relief operations following the dev- a wide variety of communications interfaces
is not only to make the equipment more reli- astating effects of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. between the network and deployed tacti-
able and efficient, but also to reduce the size The destruction of the storm left the Gulf cal satellite C4 assets. DISN-TE is an EoIP
and footprint of the equipment, as well as the coast without much of its communications enhancement of the existing Standard Tacti-
personnel needed to move and operate com- infrastructure, and it was imperative that cal Entry Point (STEP)/Teleport reachback
munications packages. For instance, 40 years senior military leaders, who were challenged service consistent with the overall structure
ago, a communications package servicing by the intermittent operations of land/cellular of the Global Information Grid (GIG) archi-
20 users weighed more than 30,000 pounds phone lines and commercial Internet, had the tecture and GIG master plan as formulated
and required a C-130 aircraft to transport. ability to communicate quickly and reliably. by DISA. DISN-TE encompasses telecommu-
Today, a comparable package can fit into four JCSE took this opportunity to employ nications collection and distribution points
airline checkable cases and weighs less than an innovative EoIP communications package that provide deployed warfighters with mul-
300 pounds. to support Lieutenant General Russel L. tiband, multimedia, and worldwide access.
52 JFQ / issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 ndupres s . ndu. eduWATSON
JCSE
Soldiers establish connectivity after airborne jump during combined tactical warfighting training
The system provides extended connectivity has succeeded in this arena by developing a daily basis, JCSE executes three essential
via multiple military and commercial satellite versatile concept of operations that can be “no fail” tasks:
communications frequencies and increases applied across the full spectrum of military
overall capability. Along with DISA, JCSE operations. From small, mobile team mis- ■■ operate, secure, and manage a global
operates eight DISN-TE sites around the sions to full-sized JTFs, JCSE can deploy network supporting distributed operations
world and therefore can provide the deployed assets rapidly and scale support to provide (conventional forces) and global pursuit
warfighter with a level of support that is the necessary capabilities. (special operations forces)
unmatched elsewhere in DOD. Additionally, as part of the Global ■■ understand operational and technical
Response Force, JCSE is the premier source requirements across geographic combat-
Responsibility for Unique Missions for a joint force commander’s immediate ant commands and U.S. Special Operations
The current national security and early entry C4 capability. In compliance Command to deliver near-ubiquitous com-
environment has increased the number with the guidelines outlined in the Global munications and services in all combatant
of “no-notice” JTFs that are needed to Response Force Execute Order, JCSE main- command theaters
support a wide range of operational and tains an alert-postured force that can deploy ■■ prepare technically and tactically task-
humanitarian missions. Although these and have its communications packages fully organized teams across the full spectrum of
operations feature a wide variety of forces, operational within hours of notification for operations in ground, maritime, air, and cyber
organizations, and mission sets, they share an emerging requirement.4 warfighting domains.
a common need for rapid deployment of
communications capabilities to establish Delivering Capabilities to the Joint Within the framework of these three
effective command and control in the Force persistent tasks, JCSE has pursued several ini-
shortest time possible. All JCSE operations are performed tiatives aimed at setting conditions for success
Since the JCSE mission set spans theater within the context of ensuring reliable in the future joint operational environment.
strategic, operational, and tactical levels, and secure delivery of both capability and JCSE’s primary focus areas for future opera-
it needs to be flexible enough to respond readiness across the full spectrum of mili- tions are enabling joint force mobility and
to whatever mission it is tasked with. JCSE tary operations in multiple domains. On a conducting joint cyber operations.
n d u p res s .ndu.edu issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 / JFQ 53COMMENTARY | The Voice Heard ‘Round the World
Enabling Joint Force Mobility. A is designed to minimize the time required JCSE applies operational art to the
current focus of JSCE is to develop, test, and to transfer the equipment between different cyber domain by following four principles:
field capabilities to enhance joint force mobil- UAV platforms. JACS V3 also provides reach-
ity. Mobility applies to both the physical and back capability to a tactical operations center ■■ define the cyber battlespace to identify
electronic components of the ground, mari- through an embedded Ku-band radio. JACC/ the joint area of influence and area of interest
time, and air domains. CP provides the joint force with in-flight/ ■■ comprehend friendly networks to
With regards to physical components, enroute secure voice and data communica- baseline network performance and behavior
JCSE enables mobility through its reliable, tions on board C-130 and C-17 aircraft. to support anomaly detection
secure, and lightweight communications JACC/CP supports a command and control ■■ train the force through an integrated
equipment packages. These commercial element of up to 14 people. training curriculum, including both industry-
and military-focused education, knowledge,
and experience
JCSE’s stellar reputation allows it to seek out only the best ■■ link cyberspace to intelligence and
network and system administrators, satellite and field radio operational activities by integrating cyber
operators, and data network specialists from each Service intelligence support into mission planning
and operational processes.
off-the-shelf systems are easily transported In the maritime domain, mobility is Value Beyond the Battlefield
and activated at the deployed location. The enabled by a maritime variant of JCSE’s light- Part of what makes JCSE stand out
systems, designed to be displaced with little weight communications kit. The maritime from other communications units is the 24/7
effort and minimal service disruption, have variant provides connectivity and services to reachback support it provides. In addition
a sufficiently small footprint allowing for an embarked JTF headquarters. As a platform to its world-class communications equip-
the use of commercial transportation as agnostic system, the maritime variant is a ment, JCSE ensures reliable communications
much as possible. critical component of JCSE’s integrated archi- through its Joint Network Operations Center
Ensuring mobility for electronic com- tecture for supporting distributed operations (JNOC), maintained from its headquarters at
ponents includes having the ability to support in the maritime domain and helps meet joint MacDill Air Force Base. The JNOC employs,
distributed and maneuver element operations force requirements for: operates, and defends the DISN-TE enterprise
while maintaining access to required infor- 24/7, while providing assured network avail-
mation. JCSE can provide mobility for both ■■ aerial layer networking to an extended ability, information protection, and delivery
physical and electronic components through- range of maritime communications across the full spectrum of operations. More-
out the ground, maritime, and air domains. ■■ increased intelligence, surveillance, over, it provides the only military-specific
In the ground domain, JCSE enables and reconnaissance receipt and dissemination communication network using EoIP technol-
joint force mobility through its small, throughout the operating area ogy. Essentially, the JNOC is JCSE’s heartbeat
lightweight, and scalable communications ■■ connectivity to the supported geo- for real-time situational awareness.
packages. The Initial Entry Package (IEP), graphic combatant command headquarters In addition to the JCSE communica-
Early Entry Package (EEP), and Joint Mobil- ■■ information exchange with special tions packages that were deployed to support
ity Package provide secure and nonsecure operations forces JTF-Haiti, the value of the JNOC was
voice, video, and data to small mobile teams ■■ information exchange with coalition validated during this operation. The JNOC
operating worldwide. The IEP and EEP can partners worked diligently with USSOUTHCOM,
be rapidly scaled to meet force surge require- ■■ reachback to national-level intelli- DISA, and JTF–Global Network Operations
ments from small dismounted teams up to gence assets in the continental United States to establish a common operation picture as
an advance echelon joint headquarters of ■■ network operations covering all com- well as a network operations management
40 users. GIG services are extended to the bined JTF operations and network nodes capability for JTF-Haiti. This capability,
deployed location through connection to ■■ enroute planning and communica- known as the Joint Network Operations
JCSE’s DISN-TE gateways located at selected tions capability. Control Center (JNCC), essentially pro-
STEP locations. vided full network situational awareness by
In the airborne domain, JCSE enables Conducting Joint Cyber Operations. monitoring networks from all the Services
mobility through its Joint Airborne Com- JCSE’s joint cyber operations take place in supporting JTF-Haiti with a specific focus
munications System (JACS) and Joint Air- an operating environment where threats on maintaining information assurance and
borne Communications Center/Command to mission accomplishment are growing network defense. The use of the JNCC was
Post (JACC/CP). JACS provides an airborne in both complexity and frequency. Threats the first time that this level of coordination
radio relay connection for VHF and UHF to cyber assets can be internal or external and visibility had been available during a
communications range extension and relay. and caused by natural or manmade events. large-scale operation and was critical to the
JACS Version 2 operates from either a C-12 Adversaries have demonstrated an ability mission’s success.
or C-130 airframe. JACS Version 3 (V3) and willingness to use cyberspace to deny,
increases operational flexibility by operating degrade, or disrupt friendly force communi-
from an unmanned aerial vehicle. JACS V3 cations and information flows.
54 JFQ / issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 ndupres s . ndu. eduWATSON
Key to Continued Success The element’s unique position allows
JCSE’s success is a direct result of it to leverage all Service schools. Troops
the combined efforts of its highly trained, assigned to JCSE can expect to have oppor-
dedicated, and professional members. For- tunities to attend the airborne and air assault
tunately, JCSE’s stellar reputation allows it to schools, along with pathfinder, survival, NEW
seek out only the best network and system evasion, resistance, escape training, moun- from NDU Press
administrators, satellite and field radio tain warfare training, and various Service
for the
operators, and data network specialists from technical schools. JCSE members train exten-
Center for Strategic Research
each Service. For those personnel in a com- sively on commercial telecommunications
Institute for National Strategic Studies
munications specialty, a position at JCSE is systems and obtain civilian certifications on
a desirable stepping stone that often leads to operation and protection measures for hard-
key assignments when they return to their ware and software. Strategic Forum 278
respective Services. Former JCSE members have taken Offshore Control: A
With an ever-increasing operational such pride in their time and experiences that Proposed Strategy for
tempo, JCSE’s Servicemembers, especially they founded the JCSE Veterans Association an Unlikely Conflict
noncommissioned officers (NCOs), have in 2001. With over 300 members currently,
taken on more responsibility and an the association connects members of JCSE By T.X. Hammes
enhanced leadership role. JCSE NCOs par- and its squadrons, both past and present. In
ticipate in planning and operational support addition to maintaining a detailed account This paper is the start
at a level that previously would have been of JCSE’s history, the organization supports of what the author
reserved for more senior personnel. NCOs current Servicemembers and their families hopes will be a deep,
and junior enlisted personnel at JCSE pass through scholarship programs and fundrais- wide-ranging discus-
sion of potential
through a screening process to ensure they ing events.
strategies for a
are up to the task. They receive technical and The Joint Communications Support
conflict with China. While such a conflict is
leadership training from Service schools, as Element is regarded as the center of excel-
undesirable and highly unlikely, it is driving
well as additional training from industry. lence in joint military communications. Its many of the Pentagon’s investment decisions
Continual emphasis is placed on planning, communication/equipment packages are today. Under a proposed strategy of “Offshore
training, and execution at the team level. cutting edge, its services are extremely reli- Control,” the United States would work with
JCSE NCOs have exceptional flexibility in able, its members are the most highly skilled, Asia-Pacific nations to interdict China’s energy
identifying those areas in which their teams and its performance is flawless. JCSE’s and raw material imports and industrial
need additional training and then designing exceptional communication technology and exports, while protecting our partners. This
those training programs. service already has or soon will impact every strategy would have several advantages: it would
Additionally, JCSE offers an oppor- single member of the Armed Forces. As tech- slow a crisis down, reducing escalatory pressure
on decisionmakers; align U.S. strategic require-
tunity for enlisted personnel to earn joint nology advances at an increasingly rapid pace
ments with the resources available; take advan-
experience. A troop may work with or for in the next few years, JCSE will be sure to
tage of Pacific geography to provide strategic,
NCOs from each branch of the Armed remain at the forefront to lead the charge as
operational, and tactical advantages for U.S.
Forces, contributing to a well-rounded and the Voice Heard 'Round the World. JFQ forces; provide a way for the conflict to end that
comprehensive understanding of the various is consistent with previous Communist Chinese
communication capabilities of each Service. behavior; and finally, provide for conflict reso-
This thorough joint expertise is not only a N otes lution that does not require an unobtainable
fundamental benefit during JCSE deploy- “decisive” victory.
ments, but it is also a knowledge base that
1
Military Airlift Command was inactivated
in June of 1992, and its remaining personnel and
troops can employ during future assignments
resources were reassigned to the Air Mobility
with their own Services.
Command.
A position within JCSE is rewarding 2
Operation Restore Hope was the 1992 U.S.-
because of the opportunity for members led intervention into Somalia to establish a secure
to excel and hone their skills. JCSE affords environment for humanitarian relief operations.
members the freedom to identify areas in 3
Operation Support Hope was the 1994 U.S.
which they may want to gain additional military effort to provide humanitarian assistance
knowledge and then fully supports them in to refugees of the Rwandan genocide.
their endeavors. Regardless of the member’s
4
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Service branch or position in the element, Global Response Force Executive Order Mod 2
JCSE leadership encourages cross-training, DTG:272126Z September 2012 (SECRET).
initiative, ambition, and invention and vows
never to hinder or deter a member who Visit the NDU Press Web site
shows passion for furthering his knowledge for more information on publications
at ndupress.ndu.edu
and training.
n d u p res s .ndu.edu issue 69, 2 n d quarter 2013 / JFQ 55You can also read
