Wasserstoffinitiative Vorzeigeregion Austria Power & Gas
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Wasserstoffinitiative Vorzeigeregion Austria Power & Gas
Handlungsperspektiven H2 in der Mobilität
Richard Schauperl und Martin Rothbart / AVL List GmbH
2
Overview
1 Future Energy System
2 Status and Trends of H2
in the Mobility Worldwide and Austria
3 WIVA P&G
Green Mobility Projects
4 Summary
3
Hydrogen & Fuel Cell @AVL
Hydrogen Mobility Synthetic Fuels & Chemicals
Fuel Cell Systems & Stacks for PC, CV, Rail e-Fuel Production based on SOEC
and Marine
SOEC based Power-to-X Fuel flexible SOFC X-to-Power
Hydrogen for Industry
Renewable Energy Storage
Greening the grid
4
Future Energy System
5
Future Energy System
6
6
A Mix of Future Powertrains to meet
the Sustainability Challenge
Average Propulsion Power [KW]
PtL, PtG
H2/FC
BEV
Operation Time [h/pa]
7
Status and Trends of H2
in the Mobility Worldwide
and Austria
8
Options for Alternative Fuels
9
Hydrogen in mobility – global view
Korea takes a lead in deploying fuel cell electric vehicles
Fuel cell electric vehicles by mode, 12/2020:
• 75 % Passenger Cars
• 25 % Truck and Buses
Almost all fuel cell driven truck and buses are in China
(according to IEA Global EV Outlook 2021, released today)
Source: IEA, IEA Global EV Outlook 2021, April 2021
10Hydrogen retail stations EUROPE
▪ Austria | 5 ▪ EU total | 115
(status Feb.2021)
▪ France | 18 ▪ Portugal | 0
▪ Netherlands | 5 ▪ Spain | 3
Russia | 0
▪ Norway | 5 ▪ Finland | 1
▪ Germany | 90
Canada | 8
California | 49 Japan | 133
US total | 68
S.Korea | 43
China | 39
India | 3
Australia | 3
Chile | 0
More than >540 Hydrogen Retail Stations globally
California, Japan & Germany key Markets
Majority suited for passenger cars
11
Source: SHELL; h2tools.org; cafcp.org; h2.live; https://www.eafo.eu/; AVL own researchCurrent Status in AUSTRIA
H2 in the mobility sector
Austrian Government Program (01 -2020): Hydrogen and its possible contribution to decarbonization of the
industry and mobility is named prominently within the Austrian government program. Austria has the aim to
become an innovation leader. https://www.iphe.net/austria
Registrations Austria: Registrations Austria: H2 fuel stations Austria:
47 Fuel Cell Cars 0 Fuel Cell Trucks 5
(status 03/2021) (status 04/2021)
statistik.at omv.at
12Roadmap Technology Roll-out
H2 & e-Fuels 40 GW
Hydrogen Production will lead the
upscaling
Air SOE-Electrolysis Container
Desulfuri
CO2- zation
Source BoP BoP BoP BoP BoP
CO2
Stack Stack Stack Stack Stack
Evaporator
CO2 Purification AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC
Electricity
H2 + CO
Tank
Water Products
H2O
Heat
Coupling
Sepa- Wax
FT-Diesel
Naphta
(e.g.
FT ration EN15940)
Water treatment Fischer Tropsch Container
6 GW
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Electrolyzer Fuel Cell / Commercial Vehicle Fuel Cell / Passenger Cars e-Fuel Production e-Fuel in Aviation and Marine
13Fuel Cell Trucks in Europe
State of the Art
▪ First demo vehicles (prototypes) have been built by retrofit companies
(e.g. for COOP in Swiss)
▪ HYUNDAI (Korea) announced to deliver first demo fleet to Swiss in 2020
▪ 50 trucks in 2020
▪ 1600 trucks in 2025
▪ Re-use of its fuel cell components from its passenger car (durability challenge)
▪ Fuel cell packaging in a vehicle configuration with longer wheel-base
(packaging challenge)
▪ NIKOLA-IVECO announced to start fuel cell truck sales in EU in 2022/23.
▪ BOSCH (Germany) has been announced as the fuel cell system supplier
➢ As of today, no HD fuel cell powertrain has been
demonstrated for a “4x2 HD tractor” in EU vehicle
configuration yet
Note: “4x2 HD tractor” is the vehicle configuration with the highest market
share for HD trucks in EU (ca. 2/3!) and, hence, has the largest CO2
footprint in EU road transport segment
14TCO Comparison long-haul application
Assumptions
Parameter Value
Range 800 km
Consumption Diesel 33 L/100 km
Consumption FCEV 8,9 kg H2/100 km
Consumption H2 ICE 9,3 kg H2/100 km
Consumption BEV 158 kWh/100 km
FC Cost 60 €/kW (high volume, 2030)
Battery Cost 100 €/kWh (high volume, 2030)
Tank System Cost 1.400 €/ 4 kg H2
H2 ICE Powertrain Cost 23.000 €
Diesel Price 1,1 €/L
H2 Price 5,0 €/kg (Mckinsey Study 2020)
Electricity Price 0,4 €/kWh (3 MW Charger)
Diesel Toll Cost 18 €/ 100 km (Germany, EU VI)
For a long-haul application, a FC powertrain has the lowest TCO when compared to other
zero emission powertrains
15Outlook Pure Hydrogen Tank System Vehicle View
H2 Tank System Technologies
Tank Technology CGH2 CGH2 LH2 CcH2
gaseous gaseous cryo cryo compressed
350 bar 700 bar -253°C, 5 bar -253 °C, 300 bar
Tank Capacity 60% 100% 124% 140%
Example
700 bar Tank System
42 kg H2
Range FCEV ~350 km
H2 as fuel for Fuel Cell is challenging as there should be
>80 kg being stored for long haulage
16WIVA P&G
Green Mobility Projects
17HyTruck – Hydrogen Truck Austria
AVL Gen0 Stack
(in-kind, 100% AVL funded)
Project number: 868790
Program: Vorzeigeregion Energie
Call: 1. Ausschreibung (2017)
Project duration: 01/2019 – 12/2021 (48M)
Modular Fuel Cell System Key Features
▪ AVL Gen0 Fuel Cell Stack
▪ Dynamic operation from 9.5 – 154 kW
▪ High efficiency of 45% at rated power
AVL 150 kW Fuel Cell System
▪ Passive hydrogen recirculation → no hydrogen
blower/pump necessary
▪ Passive stack enclosure ventilation → no additional
ventilation blower necessary
▪ Media Supply Unit
▪ High integration of stack-system interface
▪ Homogenous media distribution (hydrogen, air, coolant)
▪ Water separation
▪ Passive hydrogen recirculation
18FC4HD Heavy-duty fuel cell road demonstrator
Project number: 885044
Program: Zero Emission Mobility
Call: 3. Ausschreibung (2021)
Project duration: 01/2021 – 13/2023 (36M)
OBJECTIVE / TARGETS:
▪ Build a FC-based HD demo truck (4x2 tractor, 40t)
▪ Demonstrate solutions for main technical challenges
▪ Do demonstration / measurements on public roads
SCOPE:
▪ Integrate modular 310kW fuel cell system (based on the R&D
project HyTruck)
▪ Develop and apply innovative vehicle cooling concept
▪ Integrate e-axle for HD truck
▪ Advanced energy management system (powertrain level)
▪ >30kg H2-storage for >300km range
(incl. the development of novel Type-V 700bar H2 storage
vessels)
▪ Develop and integrate higher-level Vehicle Control Unit
19IFE – Innovation Flüssige Energie
Project number: 884340
Program: Mobilität der Zukunft
Call: MdZ-15. Ausschreibung (2020)
Project duration: 02/2021 – 03/2023 (26M) Air SOE-Electrolysis Container
Desulfuri
OBJECTIVE / TARGETS:
CO2- zation
Source BoP BoP BoP BoP BoP
CO2
▪ Development of a stationary system of H2O+CO2- Evaporator
Stack Stack Stack Stack Stack
Hightemperature-Electrolysis (Co-SOEC) and Fischer Tropsch
CO2 Purification AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC AC/DC
Electricity
Synthesis to produce synthetic fuels Tank
H2 + CO
▪ Goal: Development and Detail Design Water
H2O
Products
Heat
Coupling
Sepa- Wax
FT-Diesel
Naphta
(e.g.
FT ration EN15940)
H2O CO2 Water treatment Fischer Tropsch Container
eFuel Product AL & PEM SOEC
FT Diesel 40%* 50-55%**
Sources:
* Based on Literature:
- Tremel, 2017
- Becker, 2012
** based on AVL project results
20Summary
21Conclusions
▪ Hydrogen is an important key enabler of the renewable future
▪ Hydrogen also serves as seasonal storage of renewable energy
▪ To overcome the „chicken-and-egg“ problem clear, long term and strict regulations and legislation are needed:
▪ Demand for CO2-neutrality of mobility sector (compare EU-emission legislation from EURO-1 to EURO-n…)
▪ Demand for increasing well-to-wheel energy efficiency (higher taxation of less efficient technologies)
▪ Upscaling of production will quickly follow the demand
▪ Hydrogen on-road mobility will be led by commercial applications ➔ passenger car will follow quickly if H2
infrastructure is available
▪ Funded research projects are an accelerator to the hydrogen technology development and upscaling
We need to step up the pace to become a relevant player within the hydrogen world!
22Danke für die Aufmerksamkeit! Thank you for your attention!
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