WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
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WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
Grade: 6 Social Science –Terminal Examination 2 – Notes
Earliest Societies
A. Complete the following:
1. The early men were known as __________
Ans: Hunter-gatherers.
2. __________ Tools are the most important archeological sources.
Ans: Stone tools.
3. Places where stone tools were made are called _____
Ans: Factory.
4. __________ was used by Palaeolithic men for taking shelter.
Ans: Caves.
5. _______ is known as the Old Stone Age.
Ans: Palaeolithic Stone Age.
B. Write True Or F False:
1. The earliest men expressed the selves by engraving.
Ans: True.
2. Stone Age refers to the period by the production of stone huts.
Ans: False.
3. The early humans used tools made of stone.
Ans: True.
C. Describe about the tools in the following periods.
1. Lower Palaeolithic: Hand axes, cleavers, and chopping tools, were mainly used in this period.
2. Middle Palaeolithic: Peoples largely used flakes.
3. Upper Palaeolithic: The tools of this period mainly included burins and scrapers.
D. Answer the following:
1. Which are the three Phases of Stone Age?
a) Palaeolithic Age b) Mesolithic Age c) Neolithic Age.
2. Define Palaeolithic Age.
alaeolithic age is known as Old Stone Age.
3. Explain the technique of pressure flaking used in Stone Age?
.
tools.
4. Describe about the lifestyle of the Palaeolithic men.
had to live in hilly areas.
5. Hunter –gatherers moved from one place to another –Why (HOTS)
would have exhausted (Finished) the plants and animals found
in that area.
A. Complete the following:
1. Middle Stone Age is known as ______________
Ans: Mesolithic Age.
WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER 2. An Era of Mesolithic Stone Age was started before ________ years ago. Ans: 10,000 years ago. 3. The word Mesos means________ and lithos means stone. Ans: Middle. 4. The rise of __________made life easy for the early men. Ans: Grass eating animals. 5. Jasper chalk is also called __________ Ans: Blood stone. B. Re-Write the following statements. 1. The end of the Palaeolithic period was characterised by a decrease in temperature. Ans: The end of the Palaeolithic period was characterised by a rise in temperature. 2. Fire was discovered during the Mesolithic Age. Ans: The fire was invented during the period of Palaeolithic Age. 3. In the middle stone age men started using metal parts as tools. Ans: In the Middle Stone Age men started using wood, and bones as tools. C. Answer the Following questions 1) What do you understand by the term ‘Mesolithic Age?’ The Mesolithic Age is also known as the Middle Stone age. It is a period of transaction from Old Stone Age to the New Stone Age. 2) Which new tools were used by the Mesolithic man.? The Mesolithic people started using Microlith, or small stones made of jasper chalk or blood stone (a type of stone). They started using wooden handles for tools and weapons. 3) How the process of domesticating animals started during this period? They began to understand more about the animals, like there food habits and breading seasons. This led to the beginning of the process of the domestication of animals. 4) How did the Mesolithic Age mark a shift from the Palaeolithic Age?(HOTS) Palaeolithic age was a period of purely hunting and gathering, but Mesolithic was a period of agricultural development and the rise in permanent settlement. A. Fill in the blanks 1. The study of the origins and social relationships of human being is called ______ Ans: Anthropology 2. The biggest discovery of the Neolithic Age was _________ Ans: Wheel. 3. Animals were domesticated for the purpose of ____________ Ans: Food and Agriculture. B. Write True or False 1. The stone tools made by the people of the Neolithic age were well shaped. Ans: True 2. The Neolithic Age marked the beginning of domestication and herding of animals. Ans: True C. Answer the following: 1. What do you understand by the term Neolithic Age.? gathering to one of agricultural and settlement.
WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
2. List out the important animals that were domesticated during Neolithic Age.
a) Sheep, b) Goats, c) cattle, d) dogs and horses were domesticated both for milk as well as for
meat and also used them for agricultural purpose.
3. Discuss about the invention of wheel and poetry during the Neolithic Age.
-carts and bullock-carts that helped man a lot to carry heavy
loads. Therefore, in this period transport became quite easy and quick.
ing of poetry making in the Neolithic Age.
4. Name the earliest agricultural settlements in the Indian subcontinent.
.
Realms of the earth
A. Complete the following.
1. The four realms of the Earth are:
a) Lithosphere- solid portion of the Earth .b) Hydrosphere- All water bodies on Earth.
c) Atmosphere. –The blanket of the air. d) Biosphere- The living world.
2. The lithosphere is also known as ________
Ans: Crust.
3. The large masses of land are called _________
Ans: Continent.
4. Water bodies surrounding the continent is known as________
Ans: Oceans.
5. There are mainly _________ Continent in the world.
Ans: Seven.
B. Name the following.
1. The largest Continent in the world. – Ans) Asia.
2. The second largest continent - Ans) Africa.
3. A canal which separates the North America from South America-Ans) Panama canal
4. The smallest continent - Ans) Australia.
C. Rewrite the following :
1. The continent Asia is also known as Island Continent.
Ans: Australia is known as Island Continent.
2. Africa is often called frozen or White Continent.
Ans: Antarctica is also known as frozen or white Continent.
D. Arrange the Continent According to it’s the size.
Asia>Africa>North America>South America>Antarctica>Europe> Australia.
E. Answer the following:
1. Evaluate the importance of Lithosphere.
as fuels. It provides with us soil the most essential requirements for Agriculture.
2. “Earth looks blue from space” –Give reason.
Ans: The 71% of the Earth surface is covered with water, so the Earth looks blue in colour from
space or we can call the Earth a ‘watery planet’ or Blue planet.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
3. What do you understand by Seas?
Ans: Water bodies that are smaller in size than Oceans.
4. List out the importance of Hydrosphere.
A. Complete the following.
1. The blanket of air that surrounds the Earth is called the _________
Ans: Atmosphere.
2. Warm air is ______while cold air is ____________
Ans: warm –Light. Cold- Heavy.
3. The biosphere consists of ________ and __________ kingdoms.
Ans: Plants and Animal Kingdoms.
B. Name the following.
1. Biosphere:-
Ans: The living world, biosphere is that realm of the earth where life exists.
2. Ecosystem:-
Ans: The biosphere is made up of distinct zones, each of of its own climate, plant and animals’
life; these are called “Ecosystem”.
3. Name the five layers of the Atmosphere.
Ans: Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere.
C. Answer the following questions.
1. List out the importance of Atmosphere on Earth.
of land.
• Oxygen is the gas that living begins breath in.
• Ozone protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun.
• The water vapor in the atmosphere causes the weather phenomena.
• Atmosphere is very essential for the formation of the clouds.
2. What is meant by Air Temperature?
Ans: The degree of hotness and coldness of the air surrounding us is called the air temperature.
3. What do you understand by Air Pressure.?
Ans: The pressure which the air around us exerts on the earth’s surface is called Pressure.”
4. Explain the relationship between Air Temperature and Air Pressure.?
Ans: Air pressure is varies from place to place and for time to time depending upon the varying
temperature.
5. Write down the importance of Biosphere on Earth?
organisms.
6. Humidity of Air- Explain the
dity.”
7. Why does Air temperature decreases with altitude?WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER Ans: As we go upwards from the surface of the earth air becomes thinner and the amount of the dust particles and water vapor is less. Hence, heat absorbed by air is less, Thus air temperature decreases with altitude. 8. Why do you think we should maintain a balance among all the realms of the Earth?(HOTS) Ans: We must use our natural resources efficiently and preserve them for our future generation .There is an urgent need to protect our environment and maintain a balance between all the realms of the earth. 9. Analyze the components of Atmosphere and describes how they are useful to us? Ans: Nitrogen is the most abundant gas found in the atmosphere (78%) Oxygen consisting of 21%, the remaining 1% is carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc. All this gases are very essential for the smooth life of living organisms. Government A. Fill in the blanks. 1. Making and enforcing laws for the society is done by __________ Ans: The Government. 2. The governance in India is divided in to ________ levels. Ans: Three. 3. The _________ is the highest level of the government. Ans: Central. 4. Every country has its own __________________ Ans: Government. B. Answer the following. 1. Define Government. The government is a body or agency which is needed to make decisions for the country. Government which governed the country and gets things done for the people. 2. List out the responsibilities of the Government. The government takes decisions regarding the construction of roads, canals, and bridges, setting up of hospitals, or providing housing electricity, and other facility to the peoples. It takes action against crime in the society and maintains peace and order. The government also provides protection from foreign invasion. Name the following. Name the following: Three branches of Government Legislature 1. Makes laws. 2. Approve presidential appointments. 3. Two senators from each state. 4. The number of congress men is based on population. Executive. 1. Sings laws. 2. Vetoes laws. 3. Appoint federal judges. 4. Elected every five year Judiciary 1. Decides if laws are constitutional. 2. Are appointed by the president. 3. There are 9 justices. 4. Can overturn by ruling other judges.
WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
Answer the following questions.
5. What do you meant by democratic government?
The government derives its powers from the people, and then this form of government is known
as democracy.
The people themselves decide who would govern them.
Elections are held in which people vote and choose their representative.
The government is answerable to the Public.
6. List out the merits and demerits of democracy.
Merits D-merits
It is more accountable form of Government. Leaders are changing, this leads to instability.
Improves the quality of decision making. Political competition and political power.
It provides a method to deal with differences Democracy leads to corruption.
and conflicts.
No one is permanent winner or loser. Elected leaders do not know the best interest of
the peoples.
8. Who were the suffragettes, what they have achieved?
Women started demanding voting rights for all women, such women's were known as
suffragettes.
Women and poor peoples across the globe had to struggle for their rights, particularly the voting
rights.
9. How did women achieve suffrage?
It was during the First World War that the merits of women were realized.
People struggled to establish democracy and introduce universal adult franchise.
Women started demanding voting rights .Finally, their efforts yield result and women were
giving voting rights in America in 1920 and in UK IN 1928.
10. When the Universal adult franchise was introduced in France?
Ans: It was only in 1946 that Universal adult franchise was introduced in France.
11. What do you mean by suffrage?
Ans: The right to vote in political system.
A. Fill in the blanks.
12. The anti-apartheid struggle was started by ________ of the _________party.
Ans: Nelson Mandela, African national congress.
13. Once elected, a government stays in power for ________ Ans: Five years.
14. For any democratic government to function properly, the ___________ of the people is
necessary because, it is a representative government.
Ans: The participation of the individuals.
15. Before Independence voting rights were denied to people without ________ Ans:
Property.
16. ________is known as the father of Indian constitution. Ans: Dr: B.R Ambedkar
__________ should Follow rules and obey laws. Ans: Citizens
17. _______ Level of the government is in charge of deface. Ans: Federal.
B. Answer the following.
18. Determine the meaning of Constitution.
Ans: The basic principles and fundamental laws of a nation or a state, that determine the powers
and duties of the government is known as constitution.
19. Name the main elements that go on to make a democratic government.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
Ans: (a) Participation,(b) Equality ,(c) Justice.
20. Critically evaluate the meaning of “Equality.”
The constitution of India has made provisions to provide equality.
Equality means all are equal in the eyes of law. There is no discrimination on the basis of cast,
color, region etc.
21. Analyze the importance of Justice in democracy?
Justice is one of the most important moral and political concepts, this branch of government
is responsible for interpreting the law of the Constitution.
If the people are not treated equally in a democracy, hay can seek justice from the
government.
A government cannot be truly democratic unless it provides equality and justice to its
peoples.
22. Examine the purpose of people’s participation in democracy.
For any democratic government to function properly and be representative, the participation
of the people is necessary. The participation of the people is seen clearly in the election process.
People feel they have the power to elect or re-elect the government.
Panchayathi Raj
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Panchayathi Raj system was introduced in _____________
Ans: 2 October 1959.
2. Name the person or committee who introduced the Panchayathi raj system in India
________
Ans: Balwant Rai Mehta Committee.
3. Balwant Rai Mehta was also known as ______________
Ans: The father of Panchayathi Raj in India.
4. The Panchayathi Raj system consists of___________
Ans: Three-tier system.
B. Tag the meaning of Panchayathi raj System.
Panchayath literally means ‘assembly (yat) of five (panch) wise and respected elders chosen and
accepted by the village community.
D. Answer the following.
1. Explain about Village panchayath.
Ans: All the big villages in India comprise of:-
(a) Gram Panchayath.
(b) Gram Sabha.
(c) Nyaya Panchayath.
2. What do you understand by the Panchayathi raj system?
The Panchayathi Raj is a three-tier system of governance.
It aiming the improvement of living standard d of people in rural area.
Avoid poverty and improve a 'wealthy and healthy society' by 'creating awareness' amongst
them about 'sanitation', 'hygiene', and 'abolition of illiteracy'.
Desentralatisation of power and development villages are the main objective of this system.
3. Discuss briefly the importance of Gram Sabha.
Gram Sabha literally means “a meeting of the village.” All men and women in the village who
are 18 years and above have the right to vote are the members of Gram Sabha.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
A Gram Sabha could cover either one village more than one village depending upon the area
covered by a panchayath.
In a way it is the general body meeting at the village level.
4. Examine the main functions of Gram Sabha.
Meeting of Gram Sabha are held to ensure development of the people through their
participation and Mutual Corporation in the decision-making process.
It plays a crucial role in electing the members of the panchayath and making th panchayath
fulfill its role and responsibilities.
The different problems and difficulties of the people are also discussed in the Gram Sabha.
The Gram Sabha acts as a check on the panchayath and prevents it from misusing its power
in away.
Think and write: -
5. How has the system of panchayath Raj benefited villages and people? Do you think it has
disadvantaged as well.
The Panchayath are expected to play an important role in rural development in India,
particularly after independence.
Panchayathi Raj is a system of local self-government followed in India. It is meant to ensure
that local administrative affairs, particularly in rural areas, should be resolved by local
government units constituted with elected members. Their problems can be better understood
by the local people effectively
Village development is the main motive of the Panchayathi raj system.
6. What do you understand by Gram Panchayath –Briefly Explain?
Panchayath refers to a council of elected members who looks after the social, economic, and
cultural needs of the villages and settles the disputes between the people.
A Gram panchayath can set up in a village with a population of more than 600 then two or
more villages are clubbed together and have a common Gram Panchayath.
A Gram panchayath is the cornerstone of the local self-government organization in India.
7. Who is a Sarpanch?
The Sarpanch is selected from among the elected members of the Gram panchayath, she/he:-
Implements the development work in the Gram panchayath.
A deputy Sarpanch is also elected assist the Sarpanch in his/her work. The term of the
panchayath is five years.
8. Analyze the role of secretary in Gram panchayath.
The Gram panchayath has a secretary who is also the secretary of the Gram Sabha, is a
salaried officer appointed by the government.
His main task is to record and register the work done by the panchayath and to prepare the
budget. And also advices the villagers in matters of health, farming, village development and
education.
9. List two source of income of the Gram Panchayath.
The main source of income is the tax levied on houses and shops and other open spaces in the
village.
Maps
A. Define the following
1. Globe: -A globe is a small three dimensional model of the earth. It is mounted on an axis, so
that it can be rotated freely, just like the earth.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
2. Maps: -A map is a representation of the Earth as a whole, or apart of the earth drawn on a flat
surface, according to a given scale .It can show continents, countries, cities and even a local area
with all the details.
3. Equator: - the Imaginary lines drew exactly between the two poles.
4. Cartography: - The science of map making.
5. Cartographer: - A person who draws maps.
6. Map Projection: - Cartographer uses a method to show the curved surface of the earth on a
flat map.
Answer the following questions.
1. List out the uses of maps?
2. Why it is not possible to show the curate shapes of countries and continents on maps? Ans:
The map is flat paper as well as earth is the spherical so the shapes are not accurate. It entirely
depends on the purpose map is solving for the distribution of resources as well as production.
11. The ________ of a map explains the different colours and symbols used in it.
Ans: Legend.
12. The north line in the map shows ___________
Ans: The North direction.
13. A sketch is __________
Ans: A rough drawing.
14. The Horizontal lines in a globe are _______
Ans: Parallels of latitude.
15. The vertical lines are called _____ Ans: meridians of Longitude.
16. Write a short note about the sketch.
on
a sketch as on a map.
17. Briefly explain about the plan of map.
a map shows a large on a small scale.
Latitudes and Longitudes.
Fill in the blanks
1. The imaginary line on which our Earth rotates is called ___________
Ans: Axis.
2. Axis, passes through the center of the Earth and its two ends are known as _________
Ans: poles.
3. The poles towards the north is called the _______
Ans: North Pole.
4. The pole towards the south is called ________
Ans: south Pole.
5. The part of the Earth that lies to the north of the Equator is called the _________
Ans: Northern hemisphere.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
6. The Equator is the invisible line that runs around the center of the Earth at
_________degrees latitude.
Ans: Zero degree.
1. What do you meant by grid?
On a map or a globe we can see that the parallels and meridians criss-cross each other and
form a network of “Grid “. We can locate any place on the surface of the Earth with the help
of these lines. The point of intersection of the parallel and a meridian gives the exact location
of a place.
1. A place where two or more lines meet or cross each other is called _______
Ans: Intersection.
2. _________is the most important parallel of latitude.
Ans: Equator.
3. ________ is the angular distance of that place north or south of the Equator measured
from the center of the Earth.
Ans: Latitude of a place.
4. The distance between two degrees of latitude is _________
Ans: 111 km.
5. As we move away from the Equator towards the poles, the length of the parallels _____
Ans: Decreases.
6. ______is the longest parallel.
Ans: Equator.
7. Briefly explain about the important parallels of latitudes.
The Equator is the most important parallel of latitude ,other than the equator ,in each each
hemisphere we consider certain parallels to be important as they help us to divide the Earth
into different Zones They are: -
The Tropic of Cancer or the parallel of 23 ½ degree N
The Tropic of Capricorn or the parallels of 23 ½ degree S
The Arctic circle or the parallels of 66 ½ degree N
The Antarctic Circle or the parallels of 66 ½ degree S
8. The earth can be divided in to __________on the basis of the amount of heat received
from the sun.
Ans: “Three Zones “.
9. The Equator and the regions near it receive the __________ rays of the sun.
Ans: Direct Rays.
10. The earth is round, the Sun’s rays become more and more slanting as we move away from
the __________and go towards the _________
Ans: Equator and Poles.
11. Name the three Heat Zones of the earth
a) Ans: Torrid Zone
b) Temperate Zone
c) Frigid Zone.
12. Give the other name for Torrid Zone
Ans: “Tropical Zone.”
1. The latitude of a place, it will indicate only its position ____________of the equator.
Ans: North or South.
2. All meridians are _____________ in length and run from North Pole to South Pole.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER
Ans: Equal.
3. _____________had to be chosen as the reference line.
4. Ans: Meridian.
5. _____________at ________near London would be taken as the starting line.
Ans: British Royal Observatory at Green which.
6. The prime meridian is the line of _________longitude. Ans: Zero
7. There is ___________ number of meridians. Ans: 360.
8. The __________degree East and 180 degree ________of the Prime meridian are on the
same line. Ans: 180 degree and West.
9. The meridians are about ______ apart from each other at the Equator and they meet at the
two poles. Ans: 111 km.
10. The longitude if a place is the _______of that place east or west of the prime meridians.
Ans: Angular distance.
B. Think and write
1. Why do we have 24 time zones on Earth? Ans: The Erath takes 24 hours to complete one
rotation that is to cover 360 degrees of longitudes. So to cover 1 degree of longitude it will
take (24*60/360) minutes or 4 minutes. As Earth rotates on its axis, it moves about 15
degrees every 60 minutes. After 24 hours, it has completed a full rotation of 360 degrees. 2.
What are time zones?
2. The earth has been divided into several time zones for our convenience. Since it takes 24
hours to complete one rotation, 24 time zones of one hour each were demarcated.
3. What do the terms GMT and IST mean?
GMT: Green which mean time. IST: Indian standard time.
1. What is the relationship between longitude and time?
There is a close relation between longitude and time. The Earth makes one complete rotation
of 360 degrees in 24 hours.
It passes through 15 degrees is one hour or one degree in four minutes. Thus there is a
difference of 4 minutes of time for one degree of longitude.
2. What is the importance of having a standard time? Explain by giving the example of India.
The standard meridian of India is 82 half degree which passes through the city of Allahabad.
Its local time is known as Indian Standard Time (IST)
The main importance of standard time is that it helps in organizing a uniform schedule for
transport like railways and airways.
Other source of income includes professional tax, taxes on pilgrimages, fairs, markets and
animal trade. It also receives grants from the stat government and Zilla parishath.
10. How the members are electing in the Gram Panchayath?
Ans: Members of the Gram panchayath are elected directly by the members of the gram Sabha
from among themselves on the basis of secret voting.
11. List out the important functions of Gram Panchayath.
Levying and collecting taxes, tolls, and fees from their village.
Ensuring the welfare of the people at the village level including health, education, communal
harmony, social justice, particularly gender and caste based discrimination, dispute resolution
and welfare of children, especially the girl child.WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER Construction and repair of the village wells, and hand pumps, roads, drainage, and school buildings and plantation of trees. Maintains of records relating to births, deaths, and marriages in the village. implementing government schemes for generating employment in the village. Maintaining sanitation and public health in the village. Lighting on roads and public places. To identify beneficiaries for different programs and schemes. Think and Write. 12. How does the Panchayathi Raj empower women? Our constitution mandated reservation of 33% of panchayath for women; Women have now begun to take charge of their official responsibilities in panchayath. In some states empowerment of women through the panchayath had led to their networking into federations of elected women representatives. 13. Why do you think women have been given a representation in the panchayath? Will this help in any way? Women’s collective voice can help in resolving of social reforms, such as discontinuing child marriages, ensuring that girl children go to school and also helps to provide a better life for the children. 14. What is the primary duty of the Nyaya panchayath? The Nyaya panchayath listen to petty cases like minor thefts, trespassing, family feuds and other small cases. They can impose fines up to a hundred rupees but cannot send anyone to prison. 15. Point out the main advantage of the Nyaya panchayath. The advantage of Nyaya panchayath is that it helps to resolve minor cases at the local level in an inexpensive way. Such cases are resolved fast and help the parties involved save money and time. Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Name the following 1. A country’s important element that influences the live of its people. Ans: Climate. 2. Name the place where the annual rainfall is the highest in the world. Ans: Mawsynaram in Meghalaya. 3. The climate of India can be broadly described as:- Ans: Tropical monsoon type. Answer the following 1. What do you meant by climate? Ans: Climate is the average weather of a region or area over a period of time. 2. List out the two characteristic features of tropical monsoon type climate. High temperature throughout the year. Dry winters in most part of the country. 3. Distinguish between climate and weather. Climate: An established pattern of weather over a period of time. Weather: The day to day variations of the condition of the atmosphere. 4. List out the factors affecting the climate. 1. Explain the factors affecting the climate of India?
WEEKLY CURRICULUM PLANNER (a) Latitude The tropic of cancer passes almost through the center of the India, dividing the country into two halves. Thus, the southern part of the country lies in the tropical zone and the northern part lies in the temperate zone. (b) The Himalayas The lofty Himalayas along the northern part of India stand as a barrier against the bitterly cold winds coming from the Arctic region. Thus, they act as a climatic divide separating the two distinct climatic regions of central Asia and India. (c) Surrounding seas: - India has a long cost line. The Arabian seas and the Bay of Bengal have a moderating influence on the climate of the coastal areas. (d) Altitude and relief:- The temperature decreases with height. Therefore, hill stations such as Shimla and Mussoorie, being situated at height latitude, are colder than the places in the plains which are situated on the same latitudes. (e) Air pressure conditions and surface wind:- Temperature and air pressure conditions vary over different parts of the country, giving rise to differences in local climate. Name the Four seasons experienced in India. There are four major seasons in India- winter, summer, Monsoon and retreating monsoon. Give the other name for Evergreen forests Ans: Rain forests. Give the other name for Deciduous forests Ans: Monsoon forests. What is the other name for Tidal forests Ans: Mangrove forests. List out the trees in evergreen forests Ans: Ebony, Mahanoy, Rose wood. _____________________________________________
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