YEAR IN REVIEW NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM
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NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM YEAR IN REVIEW
2 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
ANIMAL
CARE
WHY ANTIBIOTIC
STEWARDSHIP
FARM?
Today’s consumers are engaged with what
they eat. They want wholesome nourishment
produced responsibly in a safe and sustainable
WORKFORCE
way. By participating in the National Dairy DEVELOPMENT
Farmers Assuring Responsible Management
(FARM)™ Program, dairy farmers demonstrate a
commitment to high-quality farm management
practices and safe, sustainable dairy production.
The FARM Program partners with farmers,
subject matter experts, cooperatives and processors
to establish the highest, science-based standards
for the dairy industry in Animal Care, Antibiotic
Stewardship, Environmental Stewardship and ENVIRONMENTAL
Workforce Development. Through work with STEWARDSHIP
like-minded industry stakeholders, FARM
continues to build trust in U.S. dairy.
NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 3
About FARM
FARM was created by the National
Milk Producers Federation
(NMPF) with support
from Dairy Management
Inc.™ (DMI) in 2009.
Program participation
is open to all U.S. dairy
farmers, cooperatives and
processors. Participants follow
rigorous guidelines to ensure the
utmost social responsibility on our
nation’s dairy farms, while committing
to continuous improvement. Strong
farm management practices paired
with smart decisions are ethical
obligations of any dairy business
and are vital to ensure long-term
success of the dairy industry.
NMPF is the voice of dairy cooperatives at our nation’s DMI is funded by America’s 34,000-plus
capital. Its mission is to foster an economic and political dairy farmers and dairy importers. DMI and
climate in which dairy farmers, and the cooperatives they its related organizations work to increase
own, can thrive and prosper. Success in doing so assures demand for dairy products through
consumers of wholesome and nutritious dairy products research, education and innovation, and
at affordable prices. The FARM Program allows NMPF maintain confidence in dairy foods, farms
to show policymakers how the dairy industry employs a and businesses. Find out more: usdairy.com
robust, standards-based approach to ensure excellence
and continued improvement. Find out more: nmpf.org
4 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
COVID-19
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic were felt in every corner of
the dairy industry. For FARM, the in-person evaluation component
was temporarily suspended to uphold the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) recommendations, and maintain the health and
safety of everyone involved with on-farm evaluations. Third-party
verifications were also suspended. The FARM Program decided to
extend all program cycles by one year, until December 31, 2023.
Pivoting to a virtual world
Webinars/engagement with stakeholders Engagement hours
As many of the typical opportunities for FARM to The FARM Program organized monthly engagement
engage with internal and external stakeholders hours to keep in touch with evaluators on a virtual
became virtual or were canceled, FARM staff took platform. These presentations provided general
the opportunity to connect remotely through program updates, animal care information and
podcasts, webinars with organizations like the Dairy discussion time.
Welfare Council and the American Association of
Bovine Practitioners, and engagement partnerships Virtual annual meeting
with NMPF/FARM, Zoetis, Alltech and Elanco. For the first time, the NMPF Annual Meeting in
October was moved to a virtual platform. The
The Dairy Stakeholder Summit Meeting was moved
FARM team delivered their Town Hall updates in a
to an online format. On July 8-9, the FARM Team
video format, covering program updates and 2020
presented the latest developments affecting the
successes, FARM’s COVID response, new hires and
dairy farmer community during the pandemic. The
progress in the four program areas.
webinar, held in multiple 2-hour sessions, covered
the latest happenings with the FARM Animal
Care and Workforce Development Programs, and
examined other developments in the areas of animal
care legislation, antibiotic use and environmental
policy. An update on dairy economics and policy
was provided with a recap of federal assistance for
the farm sector.
NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 5
Evaluator Conference Resource development
In a series of virtual FARM worked with NMPF to develop a coronavirus
sessions, the FARM resources page. This page provides quick access
Program hosted the to information on federal assistance programs and
fourth annual Evaluator resources for the dairy industry. From essential
Conference on July 21-22. The first session began employee permits to animal care and veterinary
with a Town Hall, where FARM team members guides, FARM and NMPF prioritized the rapid sharing
shared initiatives, successes and workstreams with of relevant information to help the dairy industry
participants. A summary of FARM Animal Care navigate the pandemic.
Version 3 was given.
The second session started with a Training
Development & Producer Engagement Panel.
Industry experts explained a veterinarian’s
role in producer trainings and education in VIRTUAL
collaboration with FARM, and how the Beef
Checkoff works with producers.
ENGAGEMENTS
The NMPF communications team delivered media The challenges of 2020 brought
training during the third and final conference session. opportunities to engage in new ways
To wrap up the conference, Krysta Harden, executive with our audience resulting in:
vice president of global environmental strategy
for DMI presented the Net Zero Initiative and U.S.
114
dairy’s 2050 Environmental Stewardship Goals.
Quick Convos
The FARM Program
began a series of online participants in the highest
informational sessions attended engagement hours
beginning in November.
These “Quick Convos”
125
were designed as an opportunity for farmers
to engage and ask questions about program
components, expectations and resources in a quick
and digestible format. Each 30-minute, live-streamed
segment was hosted on Zoom and streamed via
average attendees during each
Facebook. The 2020 sessions included a FARM
Program overview, a discussion on the farmer’s Virtual Evaluator Conference session
role within the program, and separate sessions on
1,377
the Animal Care and Environmental Stewardship
Program areas. Recordings of the conversations
and supplementary material are available on the
FARM Quick Convos webpage.
In 2021, FARM staff will continue Quick Convos to
views of Quick Convos
cover the remaining program areas and other hot
topics of interest to the dairy farmer community.
6 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW ANIMAL CARE As the FARM Program’s foundational pillar, Animal Care helps establish and maintain the highest level of science-based animal welfare for the U.S. dairy industry. The FARM Animal Care Program covers 99% of the milk supply. FARM Animal Care Version 4 went into effect January 1, 2020 and will run through December 31, 2023 to allow time to conduct the evaluations put on hold due to COVID. The FARM Animal Care governance structure was updated in 2020. The former Technical Writing Group will now be referred to as the Animal Care Task Force and once approved by the NMPF Animal Health and Well-Being Committee, will welcome five new members. Industry stakeholders were given the opportunity to nominate new members for this task force. Also, through collaboration with the Innovation Center, staff updated the Innovation Center Animal Care Committee structure and members. This update was to allow for dairy supply chain insights related to animal care to be shared and bolster alignment around the industry’s vision for excellent animal care. The FARM Program also partnered with the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association/Beef Quality Assurance, the Veal Quality Assurance Program, and the Dairy Calf and Heifer Association to align, develop and disseminate a calf care training and education platform, and in 2020, developed a working group. This group consists of three individuals representing each involved industry sector with appropriate geographic diversity and one staff member from each partner organization.
NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 7
Willful Mistreatment or Neglect Protocol For program support or technical assistance,
In a situation where credible evidence or allegations please contact the FARM Program:
of willful mistreatment or neglect of animals is Program Support
reported to the FARM Program, a thorough review dairyfarm@nmpf.org
of the allegation is completed by an ad hoc FARM 888-567-COWS
committee. Despite limited in-person contact and
COVID restrictions, the willful mistreatment protocol Technical Support
was still initiated when necessary through 2020. farmtechsupport@nmpf.org
In situations where evidence is deemed credible, a 833-492-7979
third-party audit of the alleged animal care issues at
the farm is conducted to determine the validity of the
evidence or allegations. In any willful mistreatment
investigation, the hope is that the allegations or
evidence are proven to be untrue.
If evidence or allegations are verified through
the audit, the protocol requires the farm to take
mandatory corrective action steps before FARM
will return the farm to good standing and full
certification in the program. Corrective action
steps are verified through a follow-up audit. Only
after successful completion and verification that
the corrective action steps have been implemented
is the farm reinstated to good standing with the
FARM Program.
FIRST ANIMAL CARE PROGRAM TO
HAVE TWO VERSIONS ISO-APPROVED
Earlier in the year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Agricultural Marketing Service again approved the FARM Animal Care
Program’s animal welfare standards, determining that Version 4 meets the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Technical Specification
requirements. FARM is the first animal care program in the world to have its
standards verified through this stringent process twice.
The ISO standard assessment determines whether animal welfare programs
meet international standards for animal care as set by the World Organization
for Animal Health.
8 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
FARM ANIMAL CARE IN 2020
BY THE NUMBERS
Version 4 standards began January 1, 2020 and remain in effect
through December 31, 2023. The summary below contains data
collected from the 2,674 facility evaluations conducted in 2020.
66%
of facilities had a valid, signed veterinarian-
84%of facilities met the stockmanship
client-patient-relationship (VCPR) training requirement
CONTINUOUS Complete permanent treatment records, the most
frequent CIP, accounted for 17% of all CIPs
IMPROVEMENT
PLANS Unmet standards frequently triggering CIPs:
1.58
Permanent treatment records
Broken tail benchmark for lactating cows
Pain mitigation use for disbudding
and inclusion in protocol
Avg. CIPs Euthanasia continuing education
created per facility for family employees
MANDATORY Unmet standards frequently
triggering MCAPs:
CORRECTIVE
Written herd health plan
ACTION PLANS annually reviewed by
2.20
Veterinarian of Record
Signed annual VCPR
Stockmanship continuing
Avg. MCAPs education for family employees
created per facility Signed cow care agreement
by non-family employees
Pre-weaned calf management
continuing education for
non-family employees
NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 9
NEW RESOURCES
ASIA DECISION TREE
DAIRY CATTLE EUTHAN euthanasia should
be performed
immediately.
O
IA EN GANADO LECHER
to determine if
ng decision tree y because of injury,
DECISIÓN DE EUTANAS
Use the followi degrees of severit
ing in varying
Recommended ÁRBOL DE árbol de decisión para determinar si debe llevar a cabo
sensation occurrement procedure. de inmediato.
sant physical una eutanasia
Pain: An unplea ng from a medical or manag
disease or resulti dad debido a
iencing pain, suffer
ing Primary EuthanasiaUtilice el siguiente s grados de intensi
produce con diverso imiento médico o de manej
o.
Methodsd following aDolor: Sensación física desagr adable que se
Is the animal exper injury or disease? de un proced
or debilitating confirme
If death is not a secondary method
una lesión, a una
enfermedad o
como consecuencia
Principales Métodos
primary method,
complete euthanas
ia.
sufrie ndo o de Eutanasia
must be used to
do dolor,
¿El animal está sintien que lo debilite? Recomendados
1 enfermedad
tiene una lesión o
de aplicar
la muerte después método
NO Si no se confirma debe aplicar un
un método principal, .
completar la eutanasia
YES Gunshot using
an appropriate secundario para
ion and anatomic
firearm, ammunit disruption of
Can you effectivel
y treat Is she sufferin
g from any of
ns below?
site to cause physical destruction of
brain activity by
direct NO 1
or manage the
ailment? the listed conditio brain tissue. SÍ
AND una arma de fuego
Disparo usando
follow-up y en una parte
Can you afford apropiada, munición interrupción
ent? de las produzca una
care or managem anatómica que
¿Sufre de alguna más abajo? a la
NO 2 ¿Puede tratar
eficazmente
o controlar la
Y
dolencia?
afecciones detallad
as física de la actividad
destrucción directa
cerebral debido
del tejido cerebral.
YES bolt (PCB) los costos de
Penetrating captive usness in ¿Puede cubrir
de manejo?
to induce unconscio seguimiento o
YES an adjunctive step
Consider euthanas
ia by a
Has she been for
non-ambulatory
combination with ation, intravenous
such as exsanguin solution of NO 2
individual 24 hours or more? of a saturated
properly trained administration
chloride or magnesiu
m SÍ (PP) para inducir
pérdida de
accordance AND/OR either potassium Perno percutor
Treat animal in health plan (increasing combinación con
una medida
Animal CareVersion 4
ian ASAP sulfate, or pithing conciencia en ,
with your herd ion with your Consult with veterinar brain and spinal cord SÍ ¿No puede caminar complementaria,
tal como desangrado
and in consultat treatments destruction of death. de que desde hace 24 intravenosa de
una solución
veterinarian; record tissue) to ensure Considere la posibilidad n horas o más?
administración
de potasio o de
sulfato de
la capacitació saturada de cloruro
regularly una persona con r
Reevaluate animal NO según el plan a cabo la eutanasia /punción (incrementa
Illustrations courtesy Anim. Welf. 2012, 21, 00-102.
for euthanasia
adecuada lleve magnesio, o apuntillado
until it has recovered
Animal Care
Trate al animal y de la médula
ual
y según los del tejido cerebral
YES Y/O
Reference Man
de salud del hato la destrucción la muerte.
veterinario; lleve posible a un veterinario espinal) para garantizar
consejos de su s consulte lo antes
los tratamiento
of cattle
un registro de
NO Can she sit upright
2020-2022
con regularidad
J.K. Shearer of
ia by a on her own? Reevalúe al animal recuperado
NO
Ilustraciones cortesía
para eutanasia
Consider euthanas
individual hasta que se haya
SÍ ual
Reference Man
properly trained
AND/OR
the Cash Special
ia by a ian ASAP
Consider euthanas Consult with veterinar
reviated
individual
de ganado Anim.
NO en posición
Version 4 Abb
properly trained ¿Puede echarse
de J.K. Shearer
sola?
AND/OR de que erguida por sí
ian ASAP Considere la posibilidad n
Euthanizer
Consult with veterinar when una persona con
la capacitació
2020-2022
Welf. 2012, 21,
ations a cabo la eutanasia
adecuada lleve
Refer to Consider NO de que
del Cash Special
Dairy Animals t. Considere la posibilidad
Kit®
Y/O
Transporting
n
poster if planning
to transpor YES una persona con
la capacitació
a cabo la eutanasia consulte lo antes
posible a un veterinario
00-102.
adecuada lleve
Y/O
Euthanizer Kit®
ia by a posible
? Consider euthanas
individual consulte lo antes
Will she eat/drink properly trained a un veterinario NO
3 SÍ
AND/OR animal,
transportar al
ian ASAP Si tiene planeado “Consideraciones
Consult with veterinar consulte el póster
Vacas Lecheras”.
te al Transportar de que
us (IV) barbitura Considere la posibilidad
Chemical Intraveno or IV ¿Comerá/beberá? la capacitació
n
NO a veterinarian
administered by that render the
una persona con
a cabo la eutanasia
YES anesthetic agents to allow for a
us
animal unconscio these animals
adecuada lleve
Y/O
posible a un veterinario
3
ia by a Note, consulte lo antes
Consider euthanas secondary step. rendered. barbitúrica intravenosa
accordance with
your individual should not be Sustancia química
Treat animal inand in consultation with properly trained NO un veterinario
o agentes
AND/OR (IV) que administre animal
herd health plan ian; record treatments s que dejen al
your veterinar Consult with veterinar
ian ASAP SÍ anestésicos intravenoso llevar a cabo un
poder
regularly inconsciente para
euthanasia should
que estos
Reevaluate animal de que Tenga en cuenta
until it has recovered that segundo paso.
to such an extent Considere la posibilidad
.
salud del n ser sacrificados
según el plan de la capacitació animales no deben
l being compromised Trate al animal
consejos de su
veterinario; una persona con
a cabo la eutanasia
lead to an anima g for air hato y según los s adecuada lleve
situations may breathing/gaspin de los tratamiento Y/O
lleve un registro
Conditions or • Chronic pneumo
nia and difficulty con regularidad posible a un veterinario la
immediately: Reevalúe al animal recuperado consulte lo antes
tal punto que
be performed for clearance of
tissue residue
• Chronic repeated
bloating hasta que se haya
comprometid
o hasta
withdrawal time no effective treatme
nt (e.g., animal se vea
Extended drug • Conditions with or lymphoma) llevar a que un
ones pueden aliento.
o situaci respirar/falta de
held up Johne’s disease nt
Las condiciones y dificultad para
INABIL ITY TO: upright position with head hibitive treatme inmediato: • Neumonía crónica
ns with cost-pro (i.e., rabies) realizarse de
• Maintain sitting eutanasia debe
ce • Disease conditio repetida rculosis o linfoma)
lifted under assistan to human health • Hinchazón crónica (p. ej., paratube
front legs once significant threat cia de fármacos
tratamiento eficaz
• Move and raise
phic fracture, trauma
• Diseases with a disease � Período prolonga
do de abstinen el t ejido.
residuos en • Afecciones sin de costo prohibiti
vo
debilitation from para que no queden con tratamiento
• Stand due to catastro
limbs, hips or spine • Emaciation and/or managed alto • Enfermedades importante
or disease of the that cannot be DE: con la cabeza en con una amenaza
• Pain and distress d recovery � INCAPA CIDAD sentado en posición erguida • Enfermedadeshumana (p. ej., rabia) una enfermedad.
FROM: ns (i.e., cancer
eye) or prolonged expecte • Mantenerse as una vez para la salud producto de
SUFFER ING neoplastic conditio • Poor prognosis a major blood vessel o levantar las patas delanter
• Adelgazamiento
extremo y/o debilidad
• Advanced ocular bleeding from • Mover levantado con
ayuda smo controlarse
being too • Uncontrollable que haya sido catastrófica, traumati to que no pueda da.
results in the animal a una fractura • Dolor y sufrimien prevista prolonga
• Age or injury that
for transport or
market NATIONA LDAIRYF
ARM.OR G pie debido
• Ponerse dedad en los miembro
s, las caderas o
la columna o recuperación
• Diagnóstico negativo lable de un vaso sanguíneo importan
te
compromised All rights reserved. o enferme
© 2020 National
Dairy FARM Program.
PROVO CADO
POR:
as • Hemorragia incontro
Euthanasia Decision Tree Animal Care Reference Manual
Association of
Bovine Practitioners
.
� SUFRIM IENTO cas oculares avanzad
from: American
Content adapted the humane euthanasia of
cattle. • Afecciones neoplási
cáncer en el ojo). lización
ejemplo, o la comercia ARM.OR G
el transporte este
for (por
2019. Guidelines
NATIONA LDAIRYF
que hagan que s para
• Edad o lesión
sean demasiado peligroso FARM Program.
Todos los derechos
reservados.
del animal s en © 2020 National
Dairy
de Profesionale
Estadounidense ganado.
de: Asociación compasiva de
Contenido adaptado Pautas para la eutanasia
2019.
Bovinos (AABP).
English | Spanish Version 4
Evaluator
Pocket Guide
Version 4
2020-2022
Animal Care
dbook
Participant Han 4 VERSI ON
Participant Evaluator Scoring Body Condition
Handbook Pocket Guide Score Guide
I Care - A Mi Si Me Importa Video Participant Modules
Produced in partnership with Elanco and Zoetis
10 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
ANTIBIOTIC
STEWARDSHIP
In 2020, NMPF and FARM reinvigorated the Tissue (Meat) Residue Testing
Antibiotic Stewardship Task Force comprised of Each year, about 3.25 million adult dairy cows are
animal scientists, veterinarians and animal health slaughtered for beef. Of that amount, a very small
professionals with the goal of advancing judicious percentage tests positive for antibiotic residue. USDA
and responsible antibiotic use in dairy cattle — an Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) has reported a
important part of the FARM Program. 45 percent decline in the number of tissue residues in
The FARM Drug Residue and Prevention Manual is market dairy cows since 2014, however, this represents
the primary educational tool for dairy farmers on the 68 percent of all violations reported under the USDA
judicious and responsible use of antibiotics, including FSIS inspector-generating sampling plan.
avoidance of drug residues in milk and meat. The
800
2020 manual provides an updated list of approved About 1 in 8,000
700
Number of Violations
drugs and screening tests under the FARM Program.
It covers drug administration, residue prevention and 600
best practices, record keeping and residue testing. 500
400
The FARM Program requires farmers maintain a valid
300
and active Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship
200
(VCPR), through which a veterinarian can consult on
the development of treatment and record keeping 100
protocols to address proper antibiotic use. 0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Dairy Cull Cow Other Drugs
Tissue Residue Ampicillian
Violations
Sulfadimethoxine
Fluxin
Penicillin
DesfuroylceftiofurNATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 11
0.1%
Milk Tanker Truck Residue Violations
Percent of Violators
Only 1 out of 10,400 milk tankers tested
positive for antibiotic residues last year,
according to the 2020 National Milk
Drug Residue Database.
This data illustrates the continued long-term
national pattern of industry improvements
in milk quality practices. The full report
is available from the National Milk Drug
Residue Database (NMDRD).
0.0%
NEW RESOURCES
Farm Name
Animal Identification
ordners mal
Individual Ani ord
Veterinarian
Daily Treatm ent Rec Veterinarian
ed by the America
Develop
n Association of
Bovine Practitio Veterinarian
Phone number Remarks/Cautiona
ry Treatm ent Rec Veterinarian Phone
Number
al Satements veterinarian)
(review with wal nary
Withdrawal
Calculated Withdraw Example: initials
of person Calculated Withdra Remarks/Cautio
Period Expires Actual Date and Period Expires Statements
Time treating or testing Withdrawal of person
Time in Tank Example: initialstesting
Treatment Plan Meat treating or
Milk
Treatment Plan
Milk Meat
Length of (hrs) (days) Milk Meat Meat
Route of Frequency Treatment Length of Milk
t (days)
Time of Treatmen Dosage Admin. of Treatment
0 days Route of Frequency of Treatment
(hrs)
Treatment 0 hrs AM on 4/5/20
Condition Treated every milking
4 Milkings 4/10/20 Treatment
Pen IM 4/3/20 PM Dose Admin. 0 0
Time 2cc 36 hrs 9 days ns Treatment
Diagnosis or Conditio
Date Oxytocin 2 days AM on 5/17/20 4 Milkings
Cow ID Date 4/10/20
every 24 hrs Protocol
5/16/20 every milking
Mild Mastitis 4/4/20 PM 4/3/20 PM
Treated and Signs
1 1 tube/ IMM 42 days IM 9
8:00 AM Pirsue quarter Once 72 hrs 2cc 36
4/15/20 Quarter once at dry off Number Oxytocin 2 days 5/16/20
1234
3 Mastitis w/ Hard 1 tube/ IMM 1/1/20 every 24 hours 4/4/20 PM
11:00 AM quarter Mild Mastitis 1 tube/ IMM 42
Sample
4/1/20 Tomorrow
1 quarter 72
4321 Dry treat Pirsue Once
1:45 PM
4
qtr. 1/2/20 1 tube/ IMM once at dry off
Sample
1428
4/1/20 Mastitis w/ hard quarter
2 Tomorrow
1/3/20
Dry treat
3
of this form. Y BEEF
customizable version
of this form.
customizable version MILK & DAIR
ldairyfarm.co
m for a ldairyfarm.co
m for a
PREV ENTI ON
Visit www.nationa Visit www.nationa DRU G RESI DUE 0
202
E MANUAL
REFERENC
Updated Daily Updated Individual Animal 2020 Drug Residue
Treatment Record & Treatment Record & Prevention Manual &
Customizable Excel Files Customizable Excel Files Pocket Guide12 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
WORKFORCE
DEVELOPMENT
Dairy farm families and their employees work year- of Directors, FARM released Version 1 of the FARM
round to provide excellent cow care and produce Workforce Development evaluation after a pilot
wholesome milk. The FARM Workforce Development and public comment period.
Program equips dairy owners and managers with
This voluntary evaluation focuses on human
tools to enhance their safe and thriving work
resources and safety best practices and was
environments. In 2020,
developed in collaboration with the FARM
with approval from
Workforce Development Task Force. The evaluation
the NMPF Board
provides important assurances to the supply chain
and helps farmers identify what will be most useful
to implement within their operation and track
improvement over time.
t: Wisconsin
Legal Fact Shee
ment Human Resources
rkforce Develop
y 2020
Updated Februar
FARM Wo
Survey Report
Nationwide Labor including wages,
for dairy farms,
resource issues of select issues
a variety of human simply an overview
regulations on The factsheet is document.
zes state laws and provide legal advice. throughout the
t factsheet summari not intended to on and resources lly
provide excellen Disclaimer: This and more. It is links to more informati 2020, and while it will be periodica
year-round to ns, child labor, for each one, with
people who work new initiative paystubs, deductio key requirements in February the federal factsheet
because
focuses on the employees. This l explanation of ents for dairies.
It was created
should also review
Development (WFD) families and their nal materials for with a high-leve legal requirem topic covered. Dairies laws and regulatio
ns as well.
FARM Workforce wholesome milk:
our dairy farm to create educatio This factsheet does
not include all of the law on every applicable federal you understand
dairy value chain s around current state or all of the this factsheet
cow care and producestakeholders from the entire management practice updated, it may
not reflect the
y be required to
comply with some nt(s). By using
bargaining agreeme in developing the factsheet.
This factsheet
r guidance and best an on-farm evaluati
on tool
ding on size—ma
has brought togethe managers. Resources include has developed will be employers—depen the provision s of their collective who were involved
U.S. dairy owners
and ally, FARM WFD best practices s should review you and the attorneys attorney.
safety. Addition s; identify which Additionally, employer client relationship between a licensed
human resource
s and on-farm manage ment best practice time. that there is no
attorney- compete nt legal advice from
safety
the following?
for
about HR and track improvement
over as a substitute
to help farms learn their farm; and, should not be used about
implement on for dairy farms
most useful to sin state laws
Are there Wiscon
r Survey Results
Nationwide Labo
practices on U.S. time of hire,
and current labor pay rate at the
to better underst part of Texas Hiring Summary of the payday or
a nationwide survey n Studies (CNAS), Answer ent to give notice
commissioned for North America Topic No state requirem good practice. of New Hires within
20
In 2019, FARM ed by the Center / y State Directory
survey was conduct analysis and results. Notice of Payday NO though it is generall reported to the
dairy farms. The d report contains the survey rehires must be
The enclose best management Pay Rate New hires and
A&M University. HR and safety YES
dairy farms are implementing Reporting
1 days.
s areas where U.S. a wide breadth
of
The report identifie : year on average, covering
example of training per
practices. For offer over 13 hours technical skills. .
and job-specific
FARM
Summary y at regular intervals
1
• Surveyed dairies general orientation, safety, in a typical week. Wages final wages
es 1.4 days off
Answer es at least quarterl ted must be paid
g time tracking. Topic Must pay employe or otherwise termina
content, includin d basis, offers employe and are utilizing electronic YES quit, are fired,
Workforce
dairy, on a weighte and housing /
a 2
• The average e procedure for
pay issues
vacation leave
Payday Employees that ed payday.
have a grievanc , including paid at regularly schedul
• Many dairies es was reported owed on the next the terms of
of non-wage benefits e benefits for hourly employe pay depends upon
a wide variety
Development
offer of non-wag unused benefit
• Dairies
ce. The average
value 3 YES r must pay for
housing allowan1 Final Pay Whether an employe still apply.
hed policy. ents. Federal laws may
$6,756 per year. an establis e requirem
from state overtim
Evaluation
For example: national Agriculture is exempt for overtime requirements
for minors.
points to areas for growth. While this is lower than the dairies (below)
the research was 38.8%. ly when NO See Child Labor employee
At the same time,
Guide
surveyed dairies 2 than ideal, especial for family. all times that an
4
turnover rate for Overtime No exemption
Preparation
• The average sector (47.1%) , it is still higher 5 YES $7.25 per hour. rules define hours worked as by the employer
r for the private open positions. training. Minimum Wage Wisconsin minimu
m wage
that is controll
ed or required
average turnove supervisory skills or physical effort “suffered or
of difficulty in filling management & , employees are
report a high level dairies report offering high-quality candidates are
being selected is exerting mental includes time r knows or has
r’s business. This the employe
• Only about
14% of surveyed can help ensure and for the employe voluntarily when duty of
screenings, which (time spent working work). It is the
• Pre-employment ilized. permitted to work” employees are continuing to if the employer
2020-2023 are being underut reason to believe
management to
that
exercise control
and see that work
is not performed
r cannot sit back
and accept the
from
Version 1 there are ed. An employe performed away
it to be perform
Next Steps ts. And, where es for them. Worked worked, if the
6 YES does not want employe
share survey highligh U.S. dairy Hours Worked compensating counted as time
s materials to widely resources and templates to support benefits without at home can be ed. Whether or
ing communication nal follow-on research jobsite or even is being perform
FARM is develop to develop educatio be releasing a the premises or believe that work worked depend
s
FARM is working Finally, FARM will or has reason to s count as hours
areas for growth, improvement. r. employer knows or other activitie
of continuous employee turnove and prep time the rule, DWD 272.12.
farms in their journey that correlate with not waiting time rs should review e is only
analyzing factors tances. Employe ents, i.e. an employe
report from CNAS on the circums reportin g time pay requirem
not have
Wisconsin does hours worked.
Time Pay NO required to be paid for actual must state:
Reporting anying paper
Paychecks or accomp
ts
include retiremen
fired). Does not
discharged (i.e. Survey. YES • Hours worked
by employee count. laid-off, or were and Labor Turnover 7
1 Average weighted s that quit, were Job Openings Pay Stub
ns includes employee Bureau of Labor Statistics 2019
2 Employee separatio from
ns. National average
or other separatio
Workforce Development Nationwide Labor Updated State Legal
Evaluation Preparation Guide Survey Report Fact SheetsNATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 13
LABOR SURVEY RESULTS
The FARM Program commissioned a nationwide survey to better understand current labor
trends and practices on U.S. dairies. The survey was conducted by the Center for North
American Studies (CNAS), part of Texas A&M University.
40%
of dairy farms hire non-family
Dairies offer a wide variety
of non-wage benefits, such as
workers. There are over 129,000 paid vacation leave, housing
non-family employees on dairy and incentive pay.
farms across the country.
Dairy farms provide 13 hours
of training per year on average, Accurate pay is a priority.
covering a breadth of content For example, 83% of dairy
including general orientation, employees work on a farm that
safety and job-specific uses electronic time tracking.
technical skills.
About half of surveyed dairy farms take steps to build a sense
of community by holding social events, providing recreation
facilities, letting employees know about local events, etc.14 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
ENVIRONMENTAL
STEWARDSHIP
The FARM Environmental Stewardship Program FARM also released an online training for second-
provides tools and resources for dairy farmers to party evaluators. This self-paced training program
measure and improve their environmental footprint. promotes consistent program implementation and
With each Environmental Stewardship evaluation, equips evaluators with the knowledge they need to
farmers, cooperatives and processors can assess be successful.
change over time, identify areas of operational
Strategic planning
improvement and report progress to their
customers. In fact, cooperatives and processors FARM Environmental Stewardship initiated a strategic
representing 78% of the U.S. milk supply participate planning process in 2020 to develop short-term
in FARM Environmental Stewardship. Since the and long-term goals and objectives, with a goal
program started, there have more than 1,700 of releasing the plan in 2021. Through continued
evaluations conducted on over 1,400 farms. evolution and improvements, the Environmental
Stewardship Program can stay at the cutting edge
In 2020, FARM released Version 2 of the
of scientific findings, tell dairy farmers’ holistic
Environmental Stewardship Program containing
environmental stories and meet the growing need
important scientific updates and new data inputs
for supply chain assurances. The process will
including updated crop emissions factors, a
promote continued alignment with the industry-
breakdown of greenhouse gas emissions by gas
wide 2050 Environmental Stewardship Goals and
type, a metric on the use of nutrient management
the Net Zero Initiative.
plans, and the ability to capture the benefits of
solid-liquid separation, and solar and wind energy.
2050 Environmental Stewardship Goals
According to a life cycle assessment for fluid milk commissioned in 2007, U.S. dairy
contributes only 2% of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions. Coupled with a rigorous
and third-party reviewed materiality assessment, the industry prioritized the most
pressing areas of environmental sustainability as the foundation for the 2050 goals:
1 Become carbon neutral or better
2 Optimize water use while maximizing recycling
3 Improve water quality by optimizing utilization of manure and nutrients
Source: Innovation Center for U.S. DairyNATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 15
NEW RESOURCES
FARM
al
Environment
al
Environment
Stewardship
Evalua tion Stewardship
r Guide
Guide Version 2.0 Use
Preparation
2020-2023
Version 2
Environmental Stewardship Environmental Stewardship
Evaluation Preparation Guide Version 2 User Guide
dship
mental Stewar
FARM Environ
Version 2 Updates
ental tal Stewardship
Responsible Manage
ment (FARM) Environm
nicate a farm’s FARM Environmen be sent to producers
to
The Farmers Assuring track and commu Collection Sheet sheet can also
Version 2 Data is limited. The Fields
program area helps set a path for continuous access to the databaseand discuss questions directly
with the producer.
Stewardship (ES) as well as for FARM ES when
achievements rates new science to collect data to entering into
FARM ES
be entered.
environmental reviews and incorpo ng interests
et can be used
following spreadshe party evaluator must review
the data prior
grey boxes are
where data should
FARM ES regularly and, (2) meet expandi Instructions: The Version 2. The
improvement. ; however, a second in blue are new in FARM ES
and reliable results; in January of begin data collection highlighted
to (1) ensure robust ants. Launched Notes / Guidance
of farmers and FARM Particip g updates. Data the 12 month
evaluation period.
and needs the followin REMINDER: All
data should reflect
Version 2 contains
2020, FARM ES FARM ES Inputs / data collection
is taking place.
the evaluation
date on which evaluation or other.
ts Please enter the period that this used on-farm,
New Data Inpu
for the 12 month 31 calendar pounds of milk shipped,
ly EVALUATION INFO: the starting date January 1 to December lbs. Total annual
farms to separate ION: Please enter the same as the
MILK PRODUCT s. Often, this is 1" of that year.
ion (SLS) enables can have Evaluation Date represent
n (lbs.) enter "January % Enter true protein
content.
• Solid-Liquid Separat fractions, which Total Annual Milk
Productio case, you would
year. In which1% to 5%
liquid manure Center for U.S.
manage solid and . The Innovation ty of Avg milk protein
content (%) | from name. %
(GHG) benefits ers at the Universi Start Date (12
month period) 5.5%in database based on the evaluator
greenhouse gas Evaluation Period 1.8% tolates
worked with research in the FARM ES (%) | from
Avg milk fat content Field auto-popu name.
Dairy science team as an option Evaluator Name lates in database
based on the evaluator
on to add SLS Field auto-popu name.
heifers / calves
are typically
Wisconsin-Madis Notes: based on the evaluator words, how many
t. Evaluator Phone lates in database total. In other
model. own carbon footprin Field auto-popu
replacement animals,
not the annual
and offset a farm’s generation and quantify Evaluator Email average of the the total number
born that year.
benefit society HERD PROFILE: the running herd one time -- not cows.
Generation can their solar or wind Evaluator Company calves, record present at any size includes both
lactating and dry
• Solar / Wind Energy information about For heifers and
The average herd
farms to enter name. in the 8 to 12%
range.
FARM ES now allows . FACILITY INFO: & Dry cows lates in database based
on the facility dry. Values typically production is
benefits guide Lactating herd that is typically where the milk
the associated (NMP). NMPs help Annual Avg # of Field auto-popu from 0% to based on the facility name. % The % of the raised on the farm
Management Plan | range
herd) lates in database and heifers
Facility Name Dry cowsField (% ofauto-popu ON-farm: Calves
use of a Nutrient efficient and Annual Avg of based on the facility
name. as at a neighbor’s
farm
ES now asks about the farm’s s are applied in an economically report on the Facility Street Address 30% oldin/database
lates pre- occurring.
and heifers raised
elsewhere such
• FARM tion to (< 2 months
Field auto-popu name. OFF-farm: Calves many miles away.
s to ensure nutrient can use this informa implement and Annual Avg # of
Heifer calves
in database based
on the facility
or another operation the farm where the milk productio
n is
management decision manner. FARM Participants metric: “Do you
Facility City
wean) raised ON
farm Field auto-populates pre- down the road on
2 months old / and heifers raised
environmentally
sound ship Commitment Facility State Annual Avg # of
Heifer calves (< ON-farm: Calves farm
for U.S. Dairy Steward Plan?” farm elsewhere such
as at a neighbor’s
Innovation Center
occurring.
ment Facility Zip-5 wean) raised OFF to first calf) raised and heifers raised
Nutrient Manage Heifers (2 months OFF-farm: Calves many miles away.
maintain a written Notes: Annual Avg # of or another operation
calf) raised down the road
sions Factors
ON farm (2 months to first
from # of Heifers
production data Annual Avg
Updated Emis been updated
with crop emission
s factors using
the original LCA
study. Addition
ally, OFF farm
Notes: for additional
in the model have 2004 to 2008 from study. They updated
select
exclude cows sold
to other farms
The algorithms used data from the original LCA culled for beef, or are otherwise
previous model as match current For mature cows die of natural causes
2013 to 2017. The ology underpinning updating as well well as cows that
examined the method ology to better enable future ION: production as
researchers fully method
BEEF PRODUCT
euthanized.
crop emissions beef
portions of the Annual # of mature
cows culled for
sold as replaceme
nt animals to
best practices. range from 700
to lbs. for beef, do not
include calves
per cow (lbs) | For calves sold
Results Average weight
More Detailed
manure, energy, other dairies.
emissions (enteric, gas 2,000 lbs.
by category of broken down by of calves sold for
beef
been broken down intensity results Total annual number
have previously GHG emissions ants that are (lbs) | range from lbs.
FARM ES results ES will also display is important for FARM Particip Average weight
at time of sale
ion). Now, FARM This of the sources
and feed product methane, and
nitrous oxide). s the understanding 50 to 700 lbs.
It also enhance
type (carbon dioxide, r questionnaires. ment planning
. Notes:
respond to custome continuous improve
looking to better better
the farm, enabling 2
of emissions on rm.com.
visit nationaldairyfa
Dairy FARM Program,
about the National Federation
To learn more Milk Producers
© 2020 National
FARM Environmental Stewardship Data Collection Sheet
Version 2 Fact Sheet16 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
CUSTOMER
OUTREACH
Throughout 2020, the Innovation Center for U.S. Ongoing customer engagement opportunities
Dairy customer outreach team and National Dairy in 2020 included:
FARM Program staff continued to focus on education,
Virtual customer seminar with two farm tours
engagement and increased support for U.S. dairy
initiatives, including the cornerstone of dairy’s social Customer support webinars on animal care,
responsibility efforts, the National Dairy FARM worker care and dairy 101/industry basics
Program, with key customers. Undoubtedly, it was Establishment of a new restaurant and
an unprecedented year, disrupted by a massive and food retail working group under the Dairy
ongoing global pandemic, which shifted customer Sustainability Alliance®
outreach work and priorities. In-person events were
FARM Environmental Stewardship Program
no longer an option to connect with customers.
customer input session
Reflecting on customer support this past year, Quarterly calls with key dairy customers
among the industry’s nearly top 40 customer
Increased customer support of dairy
targets, 78% publicly support the FARM Animal
industry initiatives
Care Program (19% unknown level of support).
And there is growing strength in customer support Although on-farm efforts to enhance and grow
of the FARM Environmental Stewardship and program support in FARM Environmental Stewardship
Workforce Development Programs. and FARM Workforce Development were stunted
due to the pandemic, customers continue to bring
up these two key areas as a top priority.NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 17
THE FARM MISSION
To aid dairy farmers and cooperatives/processors in
assuring consumers and customers that dairy farmers
manage their animals, workforce and land in a responsible
manner through science-driven methods and a commitment
to continuous improvement.
LEARN MORE
Anyone with questions about the
National Dairy FARM Program
are encouraged to contact their
participating FARM Program
organization or FARM Program
staff at dairyfarm@nmpf.org.
NEW PARTNERS
CONTRIBUTE TO
FARM’S GROWTH
In 2020, FARM Animal Care and Workforce
Development welcomed Agricultural Communications
& Epidemiological Research (ACER) Consulting as
an evaluator training facilitator vendor. ACER brings
JOIN US!
Dairy cooperatives, processors,
a wealth of dairy science and technical on-farm
marketers and individual farms
knowledge with the ability to lead learning opportunities interested in participating in a National
which ensure competency and consistency of FARM’s Dairy FARM program area can connect
standards and program administration. During this with us at dairyfarm@nmpf.org.
year of uncertainty, ACER was able to adapt and
create a successful virtual learning environment.
NewInsights, a Colorado-based technology company,
also partnered with FARM. They took over the
maintenance and development of FARM’s technology
suite, including the FARM Program database and
evaluations application. As a company combining
best-in-class technology with a passion for dairy,
RESOURCES
Visit nationaldairyfarm.com to find
NewInsights is driving development of refined, easier on-farm templates, Animal Care
to use applications tailored to the needs of our end Program evaluation preparation
users—evaluators, processors and cooperatives, and materials, Environmental Stewardship
dairy farmers. user guides and human resources and
worker safety documents, along with
additional resources.
#FARMPROUD18 NATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW
MEET THE TEAM
EMILY NICOLE
YEISER STEPP AYACHE
Senior Director
Vice President
Sustainability Initiatives,
National Dairy FARM Program,
National Milk Producers Federation
National Milk Producers Federation
nayache@nmpf.org
eyeiserstepp@nmpf.org
BEVERLY JAMIE
HAMPTON PHIFER JONKER
Manager Vice President
Stakeholder Relations, Sustainability & Scientific Affairs,
National Dairy FARM Program National Milk Producers Federation
bhamptonphifer@nmpf.org jjonker@nmpf.orgNATIONAL DAIRY FARM PROGRAM | 2020 YEAR IN REVIEW 19
LEIGHONA ANGELA
BERNSTEIN ANDERSON
Communications Director
Vice President
National Dairy FARM Program,
Food Chain Outreach,
National Milk Producers Federation
Innovation Center for U.S. Dairy
lbernstein@nmpf.org
angela.anderson@dairy.org
TYLER JOSH
KNAPP LUTH
Manager Director
National Dairy FARM Program Food Chain CSR Engagement,
Information Systems Innovation Center for U.S. Dairy
tknapp@nmpf.org joshua.luth@dairy.org2020 PARTICIPATING
ORGANIZATIONS
Thank you to the many cooperatives and processors that participate in the FARM
Animal Care and Environmental Stewardship Programs! Participants as of January 1, 2021.
ANIMAL CARE PARTICIPANTS
Ag Oasis Glanbia Foods, Inc. Oak Grove Dairy, Inc.
Agri-Mark Gossner Foods, Inc. Oneida Madison Milk Producers Co-op
Agropur Cooperative — USA Grande Cheese Company Organic Valley
Albertson’s Grant Farmers’ Cooperative Organic West Milk, Inc.
Associated Milk Producers, Inc. Grassland Dairy Products, Inc. Pacific Gold Milk Producers
Appalachian Dairy Farmers Cooperative Great Lakes Milk Producers Pioneer Milk Producers Cooperative
Arla Foods Guggisberg Cheese, Inc. Plainview Milk Products Cooperative
Baker Cheese Factory, Inc. High Desert Milk Prairie Farms Dairy, Inc.
Beecher’s Handmade Cheese Hilmar Cheese Company, Inc. Preble Milk Co-op Assn., Inc.
BelGioioso Cheese, Inc. Holland Patent Farmers Co-op Producer’s Cooperative, Inc.
Bongards Creameries Hood Queensboro Farm Products, Inc.
Boonville Farms Cooperative, Inc. Homestead Creamery, Inc. Rockview Family Farms
Borden Dairy Company Idaho Milk Products Rolling Hills Dairy Producers Cooperative
Brewster Cheese Company Innovative Food Solutions (Gibby Group) Rutter’s Dairy
Burnett Dairy Cooperative Jefferson Bulk Milk Co-op, Inc. Saputo
Byrne Dairy, Inc. Joseph Gallo Farms Sartori Company
California Dairies, Inc. Kalona Farms Scenic Central Milk Producers Cooperative
Cascade Cheese Company Klondike Cheese Company Schneider’s Dairy, Inc.
Cayuga Marketing Lactalis American Group, Inc. Select Milk Producers, Inc.
Cedar Valley Cheese, Inc. Lafayette Dairies SmithFoods, Inc.
Central Equity Milk Cooperative LaGrander’s Hillside Dairy, Inc. Snake River Dairyman’s Association
Chalet Cheese Co-op Lake Country Dairy Southeast Milk, Inc.
Chula Vista Cheese Company Lanco-Pennland Quality Milk Producers Steamburg Milk Producers Cooperative
Clarco Farmers Co-op Land O’Lakes, Inc. Stewart’s Processing Corporation
Clover Farms Leprino Foods Company Stonyfield Organic, Inc.
Cloverland Farms Dairy Liberty Milk Producers Cooperative, Inc. Superior Dairy, Inc.
Cobblestone Milk Cooperative Lone Star Milk Producers Tillamook County Creamery
Conagra Brands Lowville Producers Dairy Cooperative Toft Dairy
Cooperative Milk Producers Association Lynn Dairy, Inc. Turner Dairy Farms
Danone Magic Valley Quality Milk Producers United Dairy, Inc.
Dairy Farmers of America Maryland & Virginia Milk Producers United Dairymen of Arizona
Eau Galle Cheese Factory, Inc. Cooperative Association, Inc. Upstate Niagara Cooperative, Inc.
Elba Cooperative Creamery Michigan Milk Producers Association Utah Dairy Farms Cooperative
Ellsworth Cooperative Creamery Middlebury Cooperative Milk Producers Valley Milk, LLC
Erie Cooperative Association, Inc. Midwest Dairymen’s Company Valley Queen Cheese Factory, Inc.
FarmFirst Dairy Cooperative Minerva Dairy, Inc. Walmart
Farmers Cheese Cooperative Association Mohawk Valley Cooperative, Inc. Wapsie Valley Creamery, Inc.
Farmers Union Milk Producers Association Mullins Cheese, Inc. Wells Enterprises, Inc. (Blue Bunny)
Finger Lakes Milk Cooperative Nasonville Dairy Westby Cooperative Creamery
First District Association National All-Jersey, Inc. Weyauwega Star Dairy
Foremost Farms USA National Farmers Organization (NFO) White Eagle Cooperative
Foster Farms Nestle USA Widmer’s Cheese Cellars
Galliker Dairy Company Northwest Dairy Association Wisconsin Dairy State Cheese Company
Zimmerman Cheese, Inc.
ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP PARTICIPANTS
Agri-Mark Grassland Dairy Products, Inc. Prairie Farms Dairy, Inc.
Associated Milk Producers, Inc. Great Lakes Milk Producers Saputo
California Dairies, Inc. Hilmar Cheese Company, Inc. Satori Company
Cayuga Marketing Holland Patent Farmers Co-op Select Milk Producers, Inc.
Cloverland Farms Dairy Idaho Milk Products Southeast Milk, Inc.
Cobblestone Milk Cooperative Land O’Lakes, Inc. Tillamook County Creamery
Dairy Farmers of America Lone Star Milk Producers United Dairy, Inc.
Elba Cooperative Creamery Maryland & Virginia Milk Producers United Dairymen of Arizona
Ellsworth Cooperative Creamery Cooperative Association, Inc. Upstate Niagara Cooperative, Inc.
First District Association Michigan Milk Producers Association Valley Queen Cheese Factory, Inc.
Foremost Farms USA Mullins Cheese, Inc. Walmart
Glanbia Foods, Inc. National All-Jersey, Inc. Wapsie Valley Creamery, Inc.
Grande Cheese Company Northwest Dairy Association
© 2 0 2 1 N AT I O N A L D A I R Y FA R M P R O G R A M . A L L R I G H T S R E S E R V E D .You can also read
