ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com

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ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest
Renewable energy from tidal currents

                                       www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
02    ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

 ANDRITZ HYDRO
 One of the world leaders in the hydropower business

 ANDRITZ is a global and stock exchange-         ANDRITZ HYDRO is one of the worldwide           ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest was estab-
 listed technology Group with more than          leading suppliers of electromechanical          lished in 1997 in Hammerfest, Norway. The
 17,000 employees and over 180 produc-           equipment and services ‘From water to           UK office was opened in Glasgow in 2008
 tion sites, service, and sales companies all    wire’, capable of providing global solu-        in order to serve the promising local market
 around the world.                               tions for tidal power arrays and hydropower     potential including Ireland.
                                                 plants, including all services related to the
 Today’s ANDRITZ GROUP headquarter is            refurbishment and overhaul of existing          Based on a 300 kW tidal turbine, tested in
 located in Graz, Austria. With its business     facilities.                                     Norwegian waters, a 1,000 kW tidal device
 areas, HYDRO, PULP & PAPER, SEPARA-                                                             was developed and tested at EMEC site
 TION, METALS, FEED & BIOFUEL, AN-               ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest represents             (European Marine Energy Centre) before
 DRITZ is one of the leading global suppliers    within the group the leading technology         becoming part of the world’s first tidal array,
 of plants, equipment, and services to the       provider in the tidal power business.           planned for installation in Scottish waters in
 markets it serves.                                                                              2013.
                                                 One of the main goals is to provide innova-
 In a world which is striving to reduce the      tive technologies and solutions to maximize     A global structure, the commitment to serve
 emissions of greenhouse gases and pol-          the return on investment for the customers.     our customers locally all around the world,
 lution, ANDRITZ HYDRO supports the              This includes constant improvement of the       and proven experience and technologies
 customers in their environmental efforts by     energy efficiency of proposed equipment         are only some of the reasons why our cus-
 providing secure and sustainable technolo-      and technologies through a continuous           tomers can be assured of obtaining the best
 gies that maximize energy generation from       Research & Development approach.                energy-related applications from us.
 hydropower and tidal power. Hydropower
 represents within this scenario the most
 important renewable resource of energy
 by far, while tidal power, with its worldwide
 availability can be considered as one of the
 most promising future energy sources with
 an estimated global potential of more than
 150 TWh.                                                                                         Highlights
                                                                                                  ▪ More than 170 years of experience
                                                                                                     in the manufacturing of electro-
                                                                                                     mechanical equipment
                                                                                                  ▪ More than 120 years of experience in
                                                                                                     electrical equipment
                                                                                                  ▪ Over 30,000 turbines installed, total-
                                                                                                     ling more than 400,000 MW
                                                                                                  ▪ Complete power plant range up to
                                                                                                     800 MW
                                                                                                  ▪ Leader in service and rehabilitation
                                                                                                  ▪ First grid-connected tidal turbine
                                                                                                     worldwide
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest           03

ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest
Renewable energy from tidal currents
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest develops                 ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest strives to be
the most energy-efficient, modular tidal          the leader in the development of technolo-        Highlights
turbine solutions capable of harnessing the       gies capable of providing full turnkey solu-     ▪ Clean and renewable energy
energy in tidal currents, building on 15 years    tions to customers by harnessing the high        ▪ Low environmental impact
of knowledge and experience in hydropow-          energies and predictable power potential of      ▪ Modular equipment design
er, wind energy, as well as offshore oil and      tidal streams.                                   ▪ High predictability of energy
gas industry.                                                                                         generation
                                                  ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest’s modular               ▪ First grid-connected device
Since its beginning, the company has been         tidal technology solutions are designed to
a frontrunner in the design and installation of   allow optimal integration in the daily opera-
tidal turbines and was the first in the world     tion plans of the customers, supporting the
to successfully generate electricity from tidal   worldwide energy mix and delivering envi-
currents and deliver power to the electrical      ronmental benefits.
grid.
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
04    ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

 Tidal Energy
 Predictable and reliable
 Tidal forces are a result of periodic variations   The forces produced by the tides can be          The turbines are placed in areas with high
 in the gravitational attraction exerted by both    basically used to generate electricity in two    tidal movements, and are designed to cap-
 the sun and moon together with the cen-            different ways:                                  ture the kinetic motion of the ebbing and
 trifugal forces associated with the rotation                                                        surging of ocean tides producing strong bi-
 of the earth. These forces create corres-          Potential energy                                 directional currents that can be converted
 ponding motions or currents in the world’s         Energy from a water head is called potential     into electrical power. Unlike barrage-type
 oceans with a period between high tide and         energy. By using pressure turbines, this en-     systems, this technology does not require
 low tide of 12 hours and 25 minutes.               ergy can be converted into electrical power.     the construction of a barrier across a wa-
                                                                                                     terway, and hence does not have any of the
 Additionally, a relationship between the           Typical examples are tidal barrages, which       adverse environmental effects associated
 sun and the moon causes a variation in             make use of the potential energy avail-          with such developments.
 maximum and minimum tide heights over a            able from the difference in head between
 period of 14 days.                                 high and low tides. Barrages are basically
                                                    dams across the full width of a tidal estuary.
 Tidal characteristics are mainly influenced        They harness this potential energy by means
 by bathymetric conditions, coastline mor-          of hydropower turbines.
 phology and current directions. In some
 specific regions, high tidal ranges can result     Kinetic energy
 in strong currents, which are the basis for the    The kinetic energy of moving water can be
 ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest technology,               converted into electrical power by using
 allowing highly predictable and reliable en-       tidal turbines. This form of energy yield is
 ergy generation.                                   the basis of our technology.

                               ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest exploits kinetic energy in tidal waters
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest                  05

Global market
A broad range of potential sites worldwide

Tidal current electricity is clean, renewable,   In addition, as oceans cover more than 70%        Furthermore, governments have recog-
reliable and predictable. While ocean cur-       of earth’s surface, ocean energy represents       nized the great potential of ocean energy
rents move slowly relative to typical wind       a vast source of energy, estimated to have        and have begun significant incentive pro-
speeds, they carry a great deal of energy.       some 150 TWh per year of economically             grammes to harness it. In several countries
Sea water has more than 800 times the            exploitable resource available worldwide.         worldwide marine energy is currently one of
density than air, so for the same rotor swept                                                      the technologies receiving the highest level
area, water moving at 2.5 m/s (5 knots)          Despite these promising numbers, many po-         of subsidies per MWh of energy genera-
exerts about the same amount of force as         tential sites are not being explored currently,   tion.
a constant 350 km/h wind.                        although global tidal power production is
                                                 expected to grow continuously as the tech-
Ocean currents thus contain an enormous          nology develops.
amount of energy that can be captured
and converted into a usable form.
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
06    ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

 Tidal turbines
 Modular product range
 Tidal turbines are best described as un-
 derwater wind mills, but with shorter blades
 rotating at slower speed.The rated output of    1. Nacelle
 the devices depends on the water current        2. Blades
 conditions at a selected site. For maximum      3. Substructure                          1
 energy yield from the available resources       4. Ballast weights
 the turbines can be easily combined in ar-                                                                    2
 rays consisting of several units.

 Designed for water depths of between
 35 and 100 m, the tidal turbines are de-
 ployed on the seabed and kept in position
 by gravity, pins or pilings (depending on the
 seabed and tidal stream characteristics).
 This eliminates any visual or audible impact                         3
 above the surface and, in addition, normal
 shipping traffic will not be affected by the
 presence of the tidal arrays. The horizontal
 axis turbines are equipped with a specially-
 designed pitching system allowing optimal
 harnessing of tidal currents in both ebb and
 flood directions. The whole substructure is
 designed to have a small footprint while the
 nacelle is optimize to minimize the wake ef-
 fect caused by the water flows. Unique ma-
 rine installation methodologies have been
 developed to minimize installation times
 and to exclude the use of divers, requiring
 only the support of Remotely Operated Ve-
 hicles (ROV) for monitoring purposes.
                                                                  4

 ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest tidal turbines
 are designed to generate power from water
 currents with a speed of 1 m/s or more.

 Main features                                   Technical characteristics
 ▪ Proven technology solutions                   Rated power:              500-2,000 kW (site dependant)
 ▪ Proven track record of power delivery to      Power regulation:         Variable pitch, yawing system, variable speed
   the grid                                      Operating depth:          35-100 m
 ▪ Suitable for use in coastal waters            Rotor:
 ▪ Suitable across a range of water depths           Type:                 3 bladed open
   and velocities                                    Rotor swept area:     300-500 m²
 ▪ Reliable operation and maintenance                Nominal speed:        approx. 10 rpm
 ▪ Simplicity of installation and mainte-        Generator:
   nance                                             Type:                 Induction
 ▪ Optimized turbine control and energy              Nominal output:       500-2,000 kW
   yield by variable-speed blade pitching        Weight:
   mechanism and nacelle yawing system               Nacelle:              approx. 130 t
                                                     Substructure:         approx. 150 t
                                                 Installation:             Heavy lift vessel/barge (with ROV support)
                                                 Lifetime/Service:         25 years/every 5 years
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest   07

References
 EMEC, United Kingdom
 First pre-commercial tidal turbine installed
 at EMEC (European Marine Energy Centre).

 Type:                   HS1000
 Installation:           December 2011
 Grid connection:        February 2012
 Site:                   Fall of Warness,
                         Orkney, UK
 Rated power:            1,000 kW
 Water depth:            52 m
 Rotor diameter:         21 m

Kvalsund, Norway
World’s first tidal turbine prototype connected
to the grid.

Type:                  HS300
Installation:          2003
Grid connection:       2004
Re-installation:       2009 (after maintenance)
Site:                  Kvalsund
                       Finnmark, NO
Rated power:           300 kW
Water depth:           50 m
Rotor diameter:        20 m
Total operating hours: >16,000 h
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
08   ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

 From feasibility to operation
 Four phases to a successful project
                                Feasibility assessment
                                To consider the unique morphology of each       Assessments are undertaken between the
                                possible location a detailed site assessment    customer, ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest
                                is required. Important parameters are water     and any required third party, defining the
                                depth, current velocity, bathymetry, profile    basic parameters for the future project in-
                                and flow directions, wave and turbulence        cluding, for example, layout and cost evalu-
                                impact, grid connection, and environmental      ation.
                                aspects.

                                Engineering and pre-design
                                The ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest team               oriented approach are the basis for optimal
                                consists of highly qualified and experienced    tidal power solutions. By leading the entire
                                engineers and project developers, working       project management process, ANDRITZ
                                in close cooperation to develop the best        HYDRO Hammerfest is capable of applying
                                ‘value-for-money’ array layout for each spe-    all of the required knowledge, skills, tools
                                cific sites. Well-proven project management     and techniques to meet customers’ expec-
                                methodologies combined with a project-          tations.

                                Project execution and implementation
                                In the continuous quest to achieve customer     professional solutions that ultimately satisfy
                                satisfaction, the quality of service provided   every requirement of the customer.
                                is equally as important as the quality of the
                                product. Therefore a global presence and        Systematic project management guaran-
                                the cooperation with strong partners enable     tees the fulfilment of quality, cost and time-
                                ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest to provide             line requirements.

                                Service and maintenance
                                ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest offers com-            ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest’s global
                                prehensive and tailor-made service and          structure and organisation, as well as inter-
                                maintenance programs for its products.          national partnerships enable to undertake
                                The turbines incorporate a condition moni-      service and maintenance activities in close
                                toring system to provide a predictive main-     proximity to the sites, minimizing not only
                                tenance capability. This avoids costly un-      the potential downtime periods, but also as-
                                planned repair activities and potentially       sociated costs.
                                extend the planned maintenance intervals
                                beyond that predicted.
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest   09

Installation capabilities
The installation concept and philosophy of
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest allows the
deployment of the turbines under the most
severe weather conditions down to depth of
100 m, across the different site morpholo-
gies found worldwide.

Installation is generally achieved in three
phases:

▪   Installation of the substructure followed
    directly by ballast weights or pinning/
    pilling
▪   Connection of the subsea cable to the
    turbine to establish the electrical con-
    nection to the on-shore substation
▪   Deployment and lowering of the nacelle
    (with mounted rotor blades) onto the
    substructure.

Installation is diverless with only the support
of standard ROVs. Moored barges or heavy
lift DP vessels (Dynamic Positioned) are
required depending on the site and weather
conditions.

For maintenance only the nacelle has to be
retrieved.
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest Renewable energy from tidal currents - www.andritz.com
010    ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

  Research & Development
  ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest’s Research             tre (EMEC) in Orkney, UK, in December          ments for the delivery of the next generation
  & Development (R&D) activities started in       2011, considered to be one of the roughest     of tidal arrays.
  the 1990s, when the HS300 turbine was           marine sites in the world.
  developed, manufactured and, in 2003,                                                          Research findings from field tests, model
  installed in Kvalsund, Northern-Norway,         ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest efforts in            test in laboratories, numerical flow simu-
  as world’s first grid-connected tidal current   R&D keeps the company at the front line of     lations, and technology innovations are all
  turbine.                                        innovation, able to offer the best solutions   combined into an optimized overall solu-
                                                  to the customers, from both a technical and    tion. It is this comprehensive approach to
  Based on the tested technology, full-scale      commercial point of view.                      product innovations which keeps ANDRITZ
  turbines, with a rated capacity of between                                                     HYDRO Hammerfest on the forefront of
  500 kW and 2,000 kW, were designed for          The highest quality standards, latest tech-    technology.
  the planned commercial applications. The        nology and competitiveness — values
  first 1,000 kW turbine was successfully in-     which are incorporated into every phase of
  stalled at the European Marine Energy Cen-      our activities — are fundamental require-
ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest   011

In harmony with nature

The high efficiency of the turbines supplied    Therefore, since 2001 a series of compre-
by ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest results in          hensive Environmental Impact Assess-
careful management and protection of the        ments (EIA) have been undertaken, starting
environment and natural resources.              before the HS300 unit was installed.

Environmental sustainability and awareness      The EIA consider the potential impact that
have become more and more important in          tidal turbines could have on business activi-
the global market. In line with this philoso-   ties, outdoor life, marine life, and seabirds.
phy, ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest’s mis-            Among other assessments, noise mea-
sion is to implement the latest technologies    surements have, for example, been under-
achieving the highest possible efficiency       taken at previous projects.
while maintaining the balance of environ-
mental and natural resources.                   To date, these EIA have concluded that
                                                there is no significant impact on the areas
This focus on the environment has been          studied.
implemented throughout all the steps of the
project and its technological developments.
012       ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest

                                      ANDRITZ HYDRO Hammerfest
                                                     P.O. BOX 403
                                       N-9615 Hammerfest, Norway
                                           Phone: +47 (784) 06 200
                                                Fax: +47 (784) 201
  AH Hammerfest.01.en 04.12          contact@hammerfeststrom.com
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