April 14th, 2021 - Michigan Safety Conference
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Click to insert Picture Systems™, LLC Advances in Video Exposure Monitoring (VEM): A Low- Cost, Easy to Use Real-time Exposure Assessment Tool. •April 14th, 2021 James D. McGlothlin, MPH, Ph.D., CPE, FAIHA Professor Emeritus and Faculty Scholar – Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
Michigan Safety Conference 2021 Doner The 2021 Michigan Safety Conference recognizes and thanks McGlothlin Ergonomics and VEM Smart Systems*, LLC’s, for Donner level support of the Industrial Hygiene Division. Not for profit Veteran-Owned and Operated companies located in Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Disclosure Statement: VEM Smart Systems is a not-for-profit
veteran owned and operated company focused on using the latest video and
real-time sensor technology to identify and control health and safety hazards in
the workplace and environment.
Smart Systems
What is VEM? ■Video Exposure Monitoring (VEM) synchronizes real-time (or near real- time) chemical, biological radiological, and/or physical agent data with video recordings of workers and/or environmental activities. ■Does this technology remind you of anything else? Something that, if you are a science geek, had seen on TV.?
The Star Trek Tricorder has been brought to life
with VEM Systems
Occupational Exposures
■ Exposures are a time event. Workers may experience different
concentration levels at different time.
■ Personal exposure levels are the interactive results of workers,
handled materials, performed tasks and environment.
Patty’s Industrial Hygiene
7th Edition, Vol 2 2021.
McGlothlin, et al.
1987: First Publications on Video Exposure Monitoring (VEM) • McGlothlin, J. D., Heitbrink, W. A., Gressel, M. G., & Fischbach, T. J. (1987). Dust control by ergonomic design. In Proceedings of the IXth International Conference on Production Research, August 17-20, 1987. Cincinnati, OH. Cincinnati, Ohio: University of Cincinnati. • In Sweden VEM is called PIMEX for Picture Mix. The first publication of PIMEX was: • Rosén G, Lundström S. Concurrent Video Filming and Measuring for Visualization of Exposure. Amer Industr Hyg Ass J 48 (8) (1987) 688-692.
Evolution and Applications of VEM Technology
1985: The Genesis of
Video Exposure Monitoring
(VEM)
Video Exposure Monitoring Research
Pioneered by
NIOSH Researchers* in 1985
• Company was batch processed products
• Video Exposure Monitoring for Real-time sampling
was done using a:
– Used Handheld Aerosol Monitor (HAM)
– Apple computer was used to log airborne dust
concentrations
– VHS camera was used to record work activities.
*James McGlothlin, William Heitbrink and Mike GresselJob where NIOSH researchers studied batch processing of products. This job involved scooping of powder from a drum, weighing the powder on a scale, and putting the bag of powder in a receiving bin located behind the worker.
Drum Scooping Task
Summary of data what was modeled based on worker dust exposure. Notice how the dust exposure increases significantly after 35 bags of powder (about ½ of the total powder in the drum) have been scooped.
New workstation layout with ½ height drum and slot exhaust to
Capture any residual dust from scooping task.
Horseshoe slot exhaustWorker scooping powder from a drum cut in half and raised to waist height.
The bag scooping, weighing, depositing task are in line. Making it easier
and more efficient (about 1/3 the cycle time as the original job layout)
Production flow from right to leftby Dr. James D. McGlothlin
Wood processing industry for small businesses in New Zealand: VEM in a box.
Parkour application proof of concept for training Navy Seals safe ingress/egress of hostile foreign villages.
Fingertip radiation exposure experiment in a University Pharmacy Laboratory
Pharmaceutical Laboratory exposure to Benzene Pharmaceutical Doctoral Student – Purdue Pharmacy Lab
Application of dual video camera system: helmet cam and area cam along with particulate monitoring for mixing pharmaceutical excipient with active pharmaceutical ingredients (API’s) in a mixing bowl.
Representative set up for office indoor air quality monitoring using VEM.
Bioluminescence as a tool to
detect Pathogens
• The use of Bioluminescence will help determine where
the escaped pathogens broke through the filter and
identify containment by the scavenging system.
• Approximately three hundred years ago, when Robert
Boyle first studied the use of Bioluminescence in the
carcass of a chicken, he reported that the glowing chicken
gave no heat, luminescence needed air, and pouring wine
on the chicken decreased luminescence.
• The rapid detection of pathogens is necessary in
healthcare settings, and bioluminescence-based methods
are the most promising for the detection of bacteria.Example of Bioluminescence of
Iso-Gard Scavenging System
Mask in ambient light Mask imaged in dark showing bacteria pathogen (pseudomoas)Example of Bioluminescence of Iso-Gard Scavenging
System
Mask in ambient light Mask imaged in dark showing bacteria pathogen“Community Exposure to Erionite
and Causes of Mesothelioma in
Cappadocia, Turkey”
JAMES MCGLOTHLIN, MPH, PHD, CPE
Associate Professor of Industrial Hygiene & Ergonomics
Director of Occupational and Environmental
Health Sciences Graduate Program
Dr. Carbone’s Research Team
Cappadocia, Turkey
Dr. Carbone’s research showing genetic predisposition to mesothelioma from Erionite exposure.
VEM monitoring of a resident’s home in Cappadocia, Turkey.
Karain – abandoned school
Underground abandoned home: Haunted they said – I was volunteered to do the simulated work.
Sampling in a local resident’s home
Sampling in a Mosque
Sampling in a schoolhouse
Sampling in relocation development
Means Plot by Sample
300000
Abandoned homes
where family
members died Mosques
250000
from mesothelioma
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
.1 Micron .2 Micron .3 Micron .5 Micron 1 Micron 5 MicronPotential Value of Real-Time Data versus Integrated
Averaging of Data for Assessing Health Hazards.
(Consider the value of Video Exposure Monitoring)
• Epidemiologic studies that
assess peak exposures rather
than average exposures for
health impact
• Study of DNA after peak
exposures to hazardous agents
• Evaluation of DNA repair after
peak exposure to hazardous
agents
• Assessment of current OSHA
standards and ACGIH TLV’s
based on damage caused by
peak exposures versus average
exposures to hazardous agents.Breaking News: VEM Game Changer • Costs matter. New VEM Software and Hardware will reduce initial and operational costs from approximately $3,000 dollars + Sensor (~ $6,000 dollars) that may average to $6,000 or more, to ~$300 that includes an array of sensors. • Size matters. The new VEM kit is portable, and like the “Tricorder”, gives you a lot of information in a small package. • Ease of operation matters. VEM is easy to operate, and play back. • Analytics matter. Real-time data and video can be uploaded to common spreadsheet software for detailed analyses for exposure assessment and control strategies. Most important, the camera helps to determine why the sensor data is changing thus pinpointing exposure sources and opportunities for control such exposures.
For example, the PM 2.5 sensor by
Plantower used in our VEM system
today cost ~$40 dollars.
http://plantower.com/en/list/?118_1.htmlVideo Exposure Monitoring – an Exposure Assessment Tool. – Example: Exposure to vapors and gases. Current project with Professor Dave Huizen at GVSU: Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) exposure in the manufacture of beer. Professor Huizen is looking at the interactions of physiologic demands, CO2 levels, changes in heartrate, and biomechanical demands (back and shoulder disorders), of the job. His dissertation will simultaneously address safety, ergonomics and health on the job.
Video Exposure Monitoring – an Exposure Assessment Tool. ■ Note: CO2 is an asphyxiant, exposure to concentrations of 10 percent (100,000/ppm) or more of can cause death, unconsciousness, or convulsions. However, a recent Harvard study found “statistically significant and meaningful reductions in decision-making performance” in test subjects as CO2 levels rose from a baseline of 600 parts per million (ppm) to 1000 ppm and 2500 ppm.* ■ Our exhaled breath shows about 350 ppm of CO2. ■ It is not uncommon to find CO2 levels in brewery's above 5,000 ppm (from yeast, but also purging vessels with CO2 ). ■ The CO2 OSHA/NIOSH 8-hr limit is 10,000 ppm, for an 8-hour average, and 30,000 ppm for a 15 minute short term exposure. https://thinkprogress.org/exclusive-elevated-co2-levels-directly-affect-human-cognition-new-harvard- study-shows-2748e7378941/
Set up of portable-affordable VEM System Special thanks to Kyle Fischer – B.S. (Computer Sciences), Purdue University
Portable-affordable VEM System
Water flushing tank that was
purged with CO2.Michigan OSHA study of foundry fumes using VEM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNMFLrQzocY
VEM System tested at NASA on Health Hazards
(Particulates) associated with 3-D Printers
Entrance to Presentation Hall – Bank of 3-D printers in 3-D
Engineering building printer building.VEM Set up at Langley for 3D Printing particle data
Screenshot of Real-time Particle
Printer data using VEMLangley in-house real-time data
collection set upApplication of VEM as a
Public Health tool to monitor and record
elevated body temperatures potentially
from SARS-CoV-2 pathogen exposure
and COVID-19 symptoms.
This tool is called Safe Temperature Systems (STS).
Source: https://safetemperaturesystems.com/SafeTemperatureSystems being used at a Dental Surgery Facility in
Indianapolis, IN., (left picture), and at a women’s homeless shelter in Grand
Rapids, Michigan (right picture). Subject looking at screen. Note pictures on
wall giving instructions to subject on what to do: Center face on screen and
hold wrist just next to IR sensor on right.Sequence of events when subject comes to the
camera and puts their wrist under the temperature
sensor.
Screen ques – Taking Screen ques –
Good screen ques
temperature – takes Temperature
Put wrist up to about 1 – 2 seconds. taken and sent to
Sensor. cloud.A temperature recording and along with the person’s picture (optional) is
simultaneously taken and sent via the internet to a cloud STS database.
A report is generated each day along with a dashboard report for all
temperatures taken that day.
Cloud summary page showing
Cloud Record of patient. average, peak under 100.4 F,
number exceeding 100.4 F and total
count of patients for that day.STS unit moved to main entrance of women’s shelter. Note social distance
between the unit and the door security worker. An audible sound was given
when the temperature was taken and recorded. The handheld unit on the table
was a backup in case the subject did not want to use the STS unit.
This proof of concept portable, affordable, SAFETEMPERATURESYSTEMS
(STS) tool, that operated on a VEM platform, made it easy for use at a range
of establishments from dental surgery centers, to homeless shelters.Pivot to Environmental Monitoring for Public Health
Issues Emanating from Airborne Hazardous Airborne
Particulates and Gases from Hawaii’s Volcanos.
According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health (NIOSH) report these airborne hazards include
excessive exposures to SO2 gas, and airborne particulates
within and downwind form Hawaii Volcanoes National Park,
including the Sulphur Bank area and the Halemaumau Trail
area.
The elderly and children as well as workers with preexisting
respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and
emphysema may be particularly susceptible to the effects of
these airborne emissions. SO2.
Source:; https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/1990-0179-2172.pdf?id=10.26616/NIOSHHETA901792172February 25th, 2021
Video Exposure
Monitoring (VEM) Proof
of Concept
Demonstration of
Hazardous Volcanic
Airborne Particulate
Emissions
James D. McGlothlin & Kyle Fischer
VEM Systems, LLC
With gratitude, appreciation and assistance from: Ken Ikeda, Director of Safety and
Health, University of Hawaii, Hilo.Map of two sampling points for VEM data collection of
potentially hazardous particulate data from Kuluapele Caldera
at Volcano National Park on Feb. 25th, 2021.
1st
sample
area
C
2nd
sample
area
CKuluapele Caldera venting volcanic particulate on Feb.
25th, 2021. for VEM Study.Volcanos National Park Kuluapele Caldera showing Dr. McGlothlin using VEM System collecting particulate data.
Cap cam view using VEM camera system to document
particulate data coming from Kuluapele Caldera on
Feb. 25th, 2021.Volcanos National Park Lodge showing Dr. McGlothlin
using VEM System collecting particulate data from
Kuluapele Caldera .U.Hawaii, Hilo. Roof top sampling front and rear view of VEM System with Raspberry Pi 4 Touch Screen
Video Presentation of VEM Proof of Concept for hazardous
particulate emissions from Kuluapele Caldera on February 25th, 2021.
1. ~ 300 um
peak for
Rim of
Volcano:
Rain resulted
in reduced
particle
emission
detection
2. ~ 900 um
Peak for
volcano
Lodge:
Stopped
raining and
particulate
levels tripled
in
concentration 3. ~ 280 um peak for Roof top of University of Hawaii - Hilo about 25 miles
northeast of Volcanos National Park – no rain.Example of what this may look like from Iceland’s Drone
filming a Volcanic eruption (March 23rd, 2021).
(77) Crater surfing DJI FPV style! - YouTubeExpansion of VEM to monitor
Volcanic Emissions using Drones
• Based on the initial “proof of concept” for monitoring airborne
particulates emitted from the volcano it is proposed that:
– An array of 10 drones that can sample the air for particulates (volcanic-
caused smog called VOG) and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2 ). Three will at
predesignated areas (where the drone lands and collects samples for a
specified time ~1 – 2 minutes) of the volcanic rim; three at
predesignated areas of the volcanos national part lodge, and three at
predesignated areas of the University of Hawaii, at Hilo. One drone will
fly from the volcanic rim to the lodge to the UH-Hilo campus to collect
samples. Weather conditions will be recorded, and particulate and SO2
data will be correlated with the weather conditions.
– The goal is to develop an affordable, portable, flexible, public health
warning system of hazard detection for the citizens of Hawaii in, around
and downwind (particularly Hilo) from Hawaii’s active volcanos.Questions? jdm3@purdue.edu (765-588-7993)
Contact Information • James D. McGlothlin, MPH, Ph.D., CPE, FAIHA 616 Cascade Hills Hollow, SE Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546 (765) 588-7993 McGlothlin1951@gmail.com jdm3@purdue.edu www.JAMESMCGLOTHLIN.com www.Safetemperaturesystems.com
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