Autonomous Driving Industry Update Göttingen Corporate Finance June 11, 2021

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Autonomous Driving Industry Update Göttingen Corporate Finance June 11, 2021
Autonomous Driving Industry Update

   Göttingen Corporate Finance
          June 11, 2021
Autonomous Driving Industry Update Göttingen Corporate Finance June 11, 2021
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Autonomous Driving Industry Update Göttingen Corporate Finance June 11, 2021
Table of Contents

     1. Autonomous Driving Industry Overview
     2. Autonomous Driving: Transactions
     3. Autonomous Driving: Recent Developments

                                                  3
Autonomous Driving Industry Update Göttingen Corporate Finance June 11, 2021
Global Industry Overview
                        Global Autonomous Vehicles’ Market Size                                          With sustained investments from technology majors and the automotive OEMs,
                                                                                                          the expansion in autonomous driving market is expected to be a sustained one.
                                                                        CAGR: 11.5%                       For most OEMs, the short- to medium-term outlook is towards deployment of
                                                                                                          partial / semi autonomous vehicles in the mass market, and a conditional
                                                                                              $39,4       automation in premium segments.
                                                                           $37,2      $38,3
In $ Billion

                                                                                                         Despite high investment focus, the industry was impacted by the pandemic-led
                                                                $31,9
                                                                                                          slowdown. This was, to a large extent, a supply chain disruption, and led to the
                                             $27,3                                                        relatively lower market size estimate for the year 2020.
                $24,1      $23,3                                                                              With major markets in North America and Europe resuming business,
                                                                                                                   recovery is expected to be fast.
                                                                                                              Yet, some challenges may persist till end-2021 – the ongoing shortage in
                2019       2020               2021              2022       2023       2024    2025                 semiconductor / chips being the notable example in this context.

                             Global Sales of Autonomous Vehicles                                         The global COVID-19 outbreak, while causing business slowdown, may have also
                                                                                                          propelled the case for autonomous driving. Select recent examples appear to be
                                                                                              10,7        supporting this hypothesis.
                                                                                                              In May 2020, the Mayo Clinic partnered with Jacksonville Transportation
                                                                                                                  Authority for autonomous shuttles carrying medical supplies in Florida.
                                                                                       7,6
                                                                                                              In December 2020, the company Nuro received policy approval for a
Million Units

                                                                            5,4                                   commercial driverless delivery service in California.
                                                                  3,9                                         In May 2021, the GM-owned company Cruise, received approval for
                                               2,8                                                                giving passenger rides in its prototype robotaxis.
                             2,0
                 1,4
                                                                                                         The adoption of autonomous vehicles however will be subject to several factors,
                                                                                                          not only in terms of the disruptive technologies at play, but also the critical
                2019       2020               2021              2022       2023       2024    2025        policy and regulatory progress.
Source: Statista, Allied Market Research, Fortune Business Insights

                                                                                                                                                                                        4
Autonomous Driving: Technology Evolution
                  Evolution of Technology Profile                                                           Automation Levels

                                                                                                      Level 0
   1950 – 2000                                                                                  No Automation
Safety/ Convenience Features                                                            No autonomy; the driver
Cruise Control                                                                          performs all driving tasks
Seat Belts
Antilock Brakes
                                                                                                                       Level 1
                                                                                                                       Driver Assistance
                                     2000 – 2010                                                                       Vehicle controlled by the driver, but some
                                    Advanced Safety Features                                                           assistance features may be included
                                    Electronic Stability                                              Level 2
                                    Blind Spot Detection                                       Partial Automation
                                    Forward Collision Warning                   Vehicle has combined automated
                                                                         functions, like acceleration and steering,
   2010 – 2016                      Lane Departure Warning
                                                                             but the driver must remain engaged
Advance Driver Assistance                                                                                              Level 3
Features                                                                                                               Conditional Automation
Rearview Video Systems                                                                                                 Driver is a necessity, but is not required to
Automatic Emergency Braking                                                                                            monitor the environment and must be
                                                                                                                       ready to take control with notice anytime
Rear Cross Traffic Alert
Lane Centering Assist
                                     2016 – 2025                                                      Level 4
                                                                                                 High Automation
                                   Partially Automated Safety Features
                                                                         The vehicle is able to perform all driving
                                   Lane Keeping Assist
                                                                          functions under certain conditions. The
                                   Adaptive Cruise Control
                                                                                  driver has an option to control.
                                   Traffic Jam Assist
             2025+                 Self-Park                                                                            Level 5
                                                                                                                        Full Automation
             Fully Automated                                                                                            The vehicle is able to perform all driving
             Safety Features                                                                                            functions under all conditions. The driver
                                                                                                                        has an option to control.

                                                                                                                                                                  5
Regional Segmentation
           *Regional Market Share (2020)
                                                                                                                                       Europe - 24%
                                                                                                                                       ($5.6 billion)

   North America - 43%
      ($10.0 billion)

                                                                                                                                                        Asia-Pacific - 15%
                                                                                                                                                          ($3.5 billion)

                       Latin America - 7%
                          ($1.6 billion)

                                                                                                             MEA - 11%
                                                                                                            ($2.6 billion)

      North America has the largest share of the global autonomous vehicle market – led mainly by the US. This can be understood by the ecosystem led by OEMs and the technology
       majors, as well as recent regulatory approvals (such as in California).

      Europe has been trailing as the second-largest market for the autonomous driving industry. This can be partly correlated to the region’s policy-led thrust on reducing carbon
       footprint in mobility through electric vehicles. The ongoing technology transition in European automotive industry is also driving the push towards autonomous driving.

Source: Grand View Research, Transparency Research, Research Nester, Fortune Business Insights

                                                                                                                                                                                  6
Market Segmentation (By Type and Application)
        Global Autonomous Vehicle Market by Automation Level                                                                    Global Autonomous Vehicle Market by Application

                                                                                                                                                               8%
                                                                        21%
                                                                                               Fully Autonomous                                                                           Transportation
                                                           $24.1 B                                                                                             $24.1 B
                                                                                               Semi-Autonomous                                                                            Defense
                                                        79%
                                                                                                                                                                    92%

The semi-autonomous segment has the predominant share owing the to substantial                                         Transportation includes the applications in industrial and commercial segment. This
growth from the level 2 and level 3 automation segments. Although the adoption rate                                    segment is expected to capture the highest share owing to the technological
of these segments is low, the penetration rate is higher.                                                              advancement and a rising number of commercially viable use cases.

                Projected Market Share by Degree of Automation
                                                                                                                           Level 2 autonomous vehicles are anticipated to account for over 90% of the total
                                                                                                                            market in 2030.
                    15%                                                                  10%
                                                      Projected Market
                                                            Share
                                                                                                                           The self-driving vehicles, capable of running under urban autopilot mode, are
                                                                                   15%
                                                        (2025-2035)                                                         expected to be available by 2022; and by 2025 fully driverless cars are expected
                         2025                                                             2035                              to reach the mass market at a global level.

                                                                                                  75%                      The market share of autonomous cars are expected to improve even further by
                                 85%                                                                                        2035 with a gain of almost 10% compared to 2025 thereby capturing almost 25%
                                                                                                                            of the overall automotive market share. The US is expected to be a focal point
                                                                      Non-automated              Partially-automated        among global markets in the autonomous car segment.
      Non-automated               Semi-automated
                                                                      Fully-automated

Source: Transparency Research, Research Nester, Fortune Business Insights, greyb.com

                                                                                                                                                                                                           7
Preparedness for Autonomous Vehicles
                               Top 10 Countries in Preparedness Index Score                                  In late 2018 KPMG published a report based on a global survey
                                                                                                              executed by the organization, where they rated the countries
                The Netherlands                                                                    27,7       based on infrastructure and preparedness to adopt autonomous
                                                                                                              driving. In the study, the countries were rated based on four
                                                                                                              major parameters, policy & legislation, technology & innovation,
                           Singapore                                                           26,1           infrastructure and consumer acceptance.

                                                                                                             According to the study, The Netherlands is found to possess the
                                 US                                                         24,8
                                                                                                              highest level of readiness for adopting autonomous driving at a
                                                                                                              massive level. This can mainly be attributed to the favorable
                             Sweden                                                         24,7              regulatory policy, strong infrastructure and general acceptance of
                                                                                                              technology innovations in the country.

                                 UK                                                    24,0                  Singapore is also found to hold a strong position in the index with
                                                                                                              the second highest score. The country’s progressive regulatory
                                                                                                              framework is the most important factor that contributed to the
                            Germany                                                  22,7                     ranking. For example, the country passed an amendment to its
                                                                                                              Road Traffic Act in 2017, according to which, self-driving cars will
                                                                                                              be allowed for testing on its streets.
                             Canada                                              22,6
                                                                                                             Although the US scored high on the index, it ranked third among
                                UAE                                           20,9                            the top countries. This is because of the relatively lower base of
                                                                                                              infrastructure as compared to the Netherlands and Singapore.
                                                                                                              Moreover, an overall poor acceptance for autonomous vehicles,
                         New Zealand                                          20,8                            made it occupy the third position in the index despite aggressive
                                                                                                              testing programs and highest number of companies developing
                                                                                                              self-driving technology compared to other countries.
                         South Korea                                      20,7

Source: Statista, KPMG

                                                                                                                                                                                8
Key Developments
Collaboration
                                               In February 2021, Aurora Innovation, a California-based autonomous driving start-up, announced that it has entered into a long-term
  Strategic

                                               strategic partnership with Japanese automotive conglomerate Toyota Motor Corp. and its Japanese automotive component supplier, Denso
                                               Corp. to manufacture autonomous vehicles and deploy them on ride hailing network including Uber. By the end of 2021, the companies
                                               are expecting to launch and test their first driverless vehicle, branded under Toyota Sienna.

                                               In February 2021, Goodyear Ventures, an Ohio-based venture capital firm announced that it plans to invest in TuSimple, a global
Investment
  Activity

                                               autonomous trucking technology company. Goodyear has added TuSimple to its growing investment portfolio. Previously in 2020,
                                               Goodyear entered into a strategic partnership with TuSimple to provide tires and tire management solutions to TuSimple’s Autonomous
                                               Freight Network (AFN).

                                               In January 2021, Baidu Apollo, a Chinese driverless vehicle project developed by the Chinese multinational technology company, Baidu,
Testing
Permit

                                               announced that it has received a permit from the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) authorizing the company to test
                                               driverless cars on public roads in the state.
Partnership
 Strategic

                                               In July 2020, Mobiley, an Intel company entered into a partnership with Willer, a transportation service provider to introduce self-driving
                                               robo taxi service in Japan as well as other parts of Southeast Asia.

                                               In February 2020, Pony.ai, a California based autonomous vehicle technology company announced to raise $400 million from Japanese
Raising
 Fund

                                               automotive giant, Toyota in order to leverage their partnership to offer mobility services. The collaboration was mainly intended to develop
                                               autonomous driving technology along with deployment of mobility services.

 Source: Modor Intelligence, Fortune Business Insights

                                                                                                                                                                                             9
Demand Drivers
                                                         Autonomous ride sharing technology is expected to significantly drive market growth as multiple players in the space are intended to
                                                         deploy capital investment for the potential opportunity in the driverless ride sharing market. Vehicle automation in combination with ride
                            Autonomous Ride
                                                         hailing technology are attracting several prominent players for investment in the ride sharing business model. For example, Google Spin-
                          Sharing Drives Growth
                                                         off Waymo introduced autonomous taxis in Arizona and Phoenix, players like Uber, Ford and General motors already started
                                                         conceptualizing their plans to launch similar kind of services in the market in the near term.

                                                         Stringent regularity norms and rising government support for safety of driverless vehicles is expected to boost market growth.
                            Stringent Regulatory         Independent studies show that consumers across the world, are mainly concerned about the safety of driverless cars and this is one of
                            Policies for Safety of       the major factors obstructing consumer acceptance towards such technology. Under such a scenario, stringent compliance with
                             Driverless Vehicles         government norms may help gain consumer confidence in driverless vehicles. Many government bodies like New Car Assessment
                                                         Program, The Institute of Highway Safety Insurance etc. are setting up safety levels that are required to be satisfied by manufacturers.

                                                         Adoption of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) is another factor driving autonomous vehicle industry growth. ADAS uses Artificial
                                                         Intelligence (AI) and other advanced features in assisting drivers to avoid distraction and thereby reduce accident possibilities.
                          ADAS Adoption Boosts
                                                         Implementation of ADAS in vehicles has greatly improved owing to rapid adoption of technologies like software algorithms, sensors,
                                Market
                                                         cameras, processors and mapping. As there is an increasing concern of safety and security of autonomous vehicles, market players are
                                                         largely implementing ADAS in their vehicles, which is helping in the overall driverless vehicle market growth.

                                                         Multiple players in the automotive industry, mainly related to hardware and software segment have increasingly started to strategically
                                  Increased
                                                         enter the autonomous driving space owing to its favorable trends. Hence, over the last three years partnerships and investments have
                             Collaborations and
                                                         drastically increased in the given space. These collaborations are expected to grow through 2026 majorly driven by government support
                                Partnerships
                                                         and promotion of autonomous driving by private players across the globe.

Source: Mordor Intelligence, Fortune Business Insights

                                                                                                                                                                                                    10
Investment Trend Analysis (1/3)
      Total disclosed investment amount from 2010-2019 in technology ($bn)                                      Funding for companies in the AV technology ($bn)
                                                                                                                                                                                  37

                                                                                                                                                                          29

                                                                                                                                                                 17,9

                                                                                                                                                          11

                                                                                                                                                  6,1
                                                                                                                                         4,7
                                                                                                                                 1,8
                                                                                                         0,1      0,1    0,4

                                                                                                         2010    2011   2012    2013     2014    2015    2016    2017    2018    2019

                                                AV Funding                                                Self driving vehicles industry is promising huge profits and lucrative returns
                                                                                                           on investments and this is the reason VC investors are eager to invest their
Company Name                  Amount ( $mn)     Funding Stage   Lead Investors           Date              money securing a share of future profits.
Aurora Innovation             530               Series B        Sequoia Capital          2/7/2019
                                                                                                          Auto tech giants are partnering with tech firms and mobility service
Ike                           52                Series A        Bain Capital Venture     2/5/2019          providers. The most notable example in recent months has been Amazon’s
                                                                                                           acquisition of self-driving tech developer Zoox for $1.2 billion
May Mobility                  22                Series A        Cyrus Capital Partners   2/12/2019
                                                                                                          Auto tech startups attract attention of a more diversified pool of investors
Nuro.ai                       940               Post-Series A   SoftBank Vision Fund     2/11/2019
                                                                                                           with new entrants including investors from aerospace, semiconductor and
TuSimple                      95                Series D        Sina Corp.               2/13/2019         others.

Source: McKinsey & Company Report, Crunchbase

                                                                                                                                                                                        11
Investment Trend Analysis (2/3)

     The EU future is heavily reliant on maintaining its status as a leader in the
      automotive industry. But Europe is lagging compared to other nations in the     The Netherlands is the leader in the AV setting an example to the other
      race to bring self-driving cars to roads.                                       countries in terms of staying equipped to perform strongly in the AV space.

     Since the sector directly and indirectly accounts for more than 6% of EU
      employment, the EU is planning to double its financial support for
      autonomous vehicle research and development.

     Between 2014-20, the EU allocated €300 million to fund research on                                 In 2018, Sweden opened the world’s first electric-charging road, used
      autonomous vehicles.                                                                               by an electric truck which was stretched around 2km near Arlanda
                                                                                                         airport. Currently, the country is more focused on adopting electric
                                                                                                         vehicles and developing infrastructures that would be used by AV’s.
              Regional Variation in Investments (2010-2019)
                                      Total disclosed
            Region                                          No. of companies
                                    investment ($ bn)
                                                                                      The UK continues to perform well in the AV industry. This forward-thinking
                                                                                      approach of the government resulted in the UK to become the first country
United States                                        84,5                   471
                                                                                      to give green signal to self-driving cars on motorways and the first such
                                                                                      vehicles are expected to appear on public roads during 2021.
China                                         50,6               154

United Kingdom                              34,1            51
                                                                                                     Germany is one country that has a national strategy for autonomous
Israel                                18,5                  43
                                                                                                     vehicle. The country has also adopted legislation that will allow driverless
                                                                                                     vehicles on public roads by 2022 after UK. This will help companies to
European Union                       10,7                          227                               deploy robotaxis and delivery services in the country at scale.

Source: McKinsey & Company Report

                                                                                                                                                                              12
Investment Trend Analysis (3/3)
                                  FUNDING                                               ACQUISITION                              Other Investments
                                                                                                                             •   Among other key investments
                                                                                        Acquired                                 in autonomous vehicles are
                                  $1Bn Seed Funding
                                                                                                                                 Rivian’s with $700mn funding
                                                                    Motive:                           Earlier Investments:       and Aurora Innovations Inc.’s
                                                                    Strengthening Honda’s position    Series A $6.5m -           with $350mn in 2019
                                                                    via new value creation in the     Panasonic
                                                                                                                             •   Uhnder raised $45mn in Series
                                                                    areas of digital and connected    Seed Round ¥221.6m -
                           $2.1Bn Corporate Round Funding                                                                        C round funding from investors
                                                                    mobility products                 Incubate Fund
                                                                                                                                 Sensata Technologies. The
                                                                                                                                 startup develops a digital
                                                                                    Most Active Investors                        radar-on-chip designed to
Teaming up ArgoAI will help the companies to deliver                                                                             automate for safety and better
                                                                             Company                  No. of Investments
unmatched capabilities, scaling up the business and increasing                                                                   feedback response
geographical footprints                                                                                      18
                                                                                                                             •   Toyota invested $400mn in
                                                                                                             14                  Pony.ai, a self driving startup
                                                                                                                                 based in the US and China
                                                                                                             14
NAVYA is a Paris based company that develops, manufactures
and commercializes autonomous driverless, and electric                                                       11              •   Automakers did a lot of startup
vehicles that combine robotics, digital and driving technologies.                                                                investing in 2019 with
                                                                                                              9                  changing      preferences    of
Total Funding - €64.1Mn
• Venture Round - €4.1Mn                                                                                      6                  consumer. Their investment
• Series B Round - 360Capital - €30 Mn                                                                                           activities show how much
                                                                                                              5                  individual company is giving
• Post IPO Equity NAVYA -                                                                                                        weightage to new innovations
   European Investment Bank- €30Mn                                                                            2
                                                                                                                                 and technology by investing
                                                                                                              2                  large stakes in startups
Source: Crunchbase, CB Insights

                                                                                                                                                             13
Table of Contents

     1. Autonomous Driving Industry Overview
     2. Autonomous Driving Industry: Transactions
     3. Autonomous Driving Industry: Recent Developments

                                                           14
Key Transactions

About the Target                                                                        About the Target
Voyage has built the technology to bring autonomous transportation                      Savari builds advanced wireless sensor hardware and software
to those who need it most, beginning in retirement communities.                         technologies for automotive manufacturers, the aftermarket and
                                                                                        smart cities.

The Transaction                                                                         The Transaction
The company raised a total of $51.2 million excluding the deal with                     The company has raised a total of $20.0 million excluding the deal
Cruise. Earlier funding data include Series B funding of $31.0 million                  with Harman International Industries. Includes Aviva Industries from
from Franklin Templeton Investments and seed round funding from                         Series B funding.
Khosla Ventures.

Funding Highlights                                                                      Acquisition Highlights
Financial terms of the deal were not disclosed; the majority of                         Savari’s software and hardware technology will enhance HARMAN’s
Voyage’s 60-person team will move over to Cruise and the company’s                      comprehensive automotive telematics and advanced driving
co-founder and CEO Oliver Cameron will take on a new role as vice                       assistance systems (ADAS) capabilities, and expand the company’s
president of product. Voyage’s partnership with FCA, now called                         strengths in 5G Edge, multi-access edge computing (MEC) and smart
Stellantis, will also end once the acquisition with Cruise closes.                      infrastructure solutions.

Management Quote                                                                        Management Quote
“There’s probably some aspect of, we were around someone who just said, ‘okay,          “Adding Savari’s MEC technology and team of experts is an important component
you got to get it done — here’s the task, figure out how to get it done’ and that’s a   as we continue to build an open platform based on 5G and V2X, working with
lot of entrepreneurship.”, Dan Kan, CEO of Cruise                                       several partners across the industry to meet the unique needs of our customers
                                                                                        globally.” Christian Sobottka, President, Automotive Division, Harman

                                                                                                                                                                   15
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: M&A Transactions (1/2)
Date        Acquirer        Target             Target Country Target Summary                                                                                 Deal Value

11-May-21   Siemens         Padam             Europe         Padam offers AI & mobile powered SaaS solutions for on-demand transit.                               N/A

                                                             monoDrive is a company developing an autonomous vehicle simulator. Its Ultra High Fidelity
            National
04-May-21                   monoDrive         US             (UHF) simulator allows autonomous vehicle manufacturers to test virtual vehicles in virtual          N/A
            Instruments
                                                             worlds.

            Steele Auto                                      Humber Motors Ford is a dealership of new and used Ford cars, trucks & SUVs with a large
04-May-21                   Humber Motors Ford Canada                                                                                                             N/A
            Group                                            inventory of vehicles and a professional team.

                                                             Red Autocentres is a leading provider of automotive diagnostics, calibration and programming
24-Mar-21   asTech          Red Autocentres   Europe                                                                                                              N/A
                                                             services for the collision and mechanical markets.

                                                             Voyage has built the technology to bring autonomous transportation to those who need it most,
15-Mar-21   Cruise          Voyage            US                                                                                                                  N/A
                                                             beginning in retirement communities.

                                                             OURS Technology is a developer of sensor fusion and optical sensing technology intended for
26-Feb-21   Aurora          OURS Technology   US                                                                                                                  N/A
                                                             autonomous driving and robotic applications.

            Harman
                                                             Savari builds advanced wireless sensor hardware and software technologies for automotive
26-Feb-21   International   Savari            US                                                                                                                  N/A
                                                             manufacturers, the aftermarket and smart cities.
            Industries

                                                                                                                                                                          16
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: M&A Transactions (2/2)
Date        Acquirer         Target           Target Country Target Summary                                                                                      Deal Value

            Churchill Capital
23-Feb-21                     Lucid Motors    US            Lucid is a luxury mobility company reimagining what a car can be.                                         N/A
            Corp IV

                                                            Ike is a self driving truck startup, focused on building automation technology to help improve the
23-Dec-20   Nuro             Ike              US                                                                                                                      N/A
                                                            trucking industry.

17-Dec-20   Cazoo            Drover           Europe        Drover is the UK’s leading independent monthly car subscription service for consumers                     N/A

            Blink Charging                                  U-Go offers affordable and convenient EV charging services representing the infrastructure
24-Nov-20                    U-Go Stations    US                                                                                                                      N/A
            Co.                                             necessary for nationwide EV adoption.

                                                            A French company specialized in the design and construction of autonomous and electric
15-Oct-20   The Henry Ford NAVYA              Europe                                                                                                                  N/A
                                                            vehicles.

07-Oct-20   Fortellix        Metamoto         US            Simulation as a Service for Autonomous Systems                                                            N/A

                                                            Garrett is a cutting-edge technology provider that enables vehicles to become safer, more
20-Sep-20   KPS Capital      Garrett Motion   Europe                                                                                                               $2,100 mn
                                                            connected, efficient and environmentally friendly

                                                                                                                                                                              17
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: Fundraising Transactions (1/4)
Date of    Strategic/ Investor                                     Money Raised
                                    Target Company   Series/Name                HQ Country Description                                                       Other Investors
Funding    Financial Name                                          ($)
                    Scania
                                   Scantinel                                               The high-tech start-up developing next generation LiDAR
30-May-21 Financial Growth                           Seed Round    9.1M        Europe                                                                        -
                                   Photonics                                               technology for autonomous vehicles.
                    Capital
                                                                                           All-weather Automated Driving. 20% Fuel Economy on human-
27-May-21 Financial Angelsdeck BaseTrack             Seed Round    1.0M        Europe                                                                -
                                                                                           driven heavy-duty trucks
                    Mitsui
                    Sumitomo       Upstream                                                The Company is a Centralized Security & Analytics Platform for -
20-May-21 Financial                                  Series C      36.0M       Asia
                    Insurance      Security                                                Connected & Autonomous Vehicle Fleets.
                    Company
                    Wadi                                                                   Derq is an MIT spinoff that uses AI to power an award-winning
                                                                               North
12-May-21 Financial Makkah         Derq              Seed Round    0.5M                    predictive platform, help eliminate crashes and create safer and -
                                                                               America
                    Ventures                                                               smarter roads
                                                                                                                                                           EQT Ventures, Ericsson,
                                                                                                                                                           Maersk Growth,
                                                                                                                                                           NordicNinja VC, Norrsken
                      Build Capital                                                        Einride is an electric and autonomous freight tech company that
06-May-21 Financial                 Einride          Series B      110.0M      Europe                                                                      VC, Northzone, Plum Alley
                      Partner                                                              designs and develops technologies for transportation systems. Investments, Soros Fund
                                                                                                                                                           Management, Temasek
                                                                                                                                                           Holdings
                    Softbank
                                                     Venture                               Youibot is committed to achieving intelligent safety, providing   -
06-May-21 Financial Ventures       Youibot                         15.5M       Asia
                                                     Round                                 professional autonomous inspection mobile robots.
                    Asia
                                                                                                                                                             Alstom, Bpifrance,
                    Search Light                                                           EasyMile is a high-tech startup specialized in providing both,
                                                                                                                                                             Continental, McWin,
28-Apr-21 Financial Capital      EasyMile            Series B      66.7M       Europe      software powering autonomous vehicles and smart mobility
                                                                                                                                                             NextStage, Searchlight
                    Partners                                                               solutions.
                                                                                                                                                             Capital Partners

                                                                                                                                                                                 18
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: Fundraising Transactions (2/4)
Date of    Strategic/ Investor                                    Money Raised
                                   Target Company   Series/Name                HQ Country Description                                                         Other Investors
Funding    Financial Name                                         ($)
                    Hyundai
                                                                                                                                                          Maven Ventures,
                    Motor                                                                 Ottopia is the teleoperation company, providing a platform that
23-Apr-21 Strategic             Ottopia             Series A      9.0M        Asia                                                                        MizMaa Ventures,
                    Company, IN                                                           enables humans to safely control any type of vehicle from afar.
                                                                                                                                                          Nextgear Ventures
                    Venture
                                                                                          Oxbotica powers the navigation, perception, user interface,
15-Apr-21 Strategic Ocado Group Oxbotica            Series B      13.8M       Europe      fleet management, and other features needed to run self-            -
                                                                                          driving vehicles.
                    Fifty Years,
                    Trucks                                                    North                                                                           Soma Capital, Y
23-Mar-21 Financial                Faction          Seed Round    4.3M                    Driverless electric vehicles at a fraction of the cost of a car.
                    Venture                                                   America                                                                         Combinator
                    Capital
                                                                                                                                                              Armada Ventures,
                      Francisco                                                           Carvolution is a mobility services provider reshaping car
25-Feb-21 Financial                Carvolution      Series C      16.6M       Europe                                                                          Redalpine, Ringier Digital
                      Fernandez                                                           ownership through their fully digital subscription service.
                                                                                                                                                              Ventures
                    CPE Capital,
                    Guotai Junan                                                                                                                              China Growth Capital, GSR
                    International,                                            North       Plus develops self-driving trucks to enable large-scale             Ventures, Lightspeed,
10-Feb-21 Financial                Plus             Series D      200.0M                                                                                      Manbang Group, Mayfield
                    Wanxiang                                                  America     commercialization of autonomous transport.
                    International                                                                                                                             Fund, SAIC, Sequoia Capital,
                    Investment
                                                                                                                                                              BYD Company, Changjiang
                                                                                                                                                              Automobile Electronic,
                      Great Wall                                                          Horizon Robotics focuses on artificial intelligence computing for
08-Feb-21 Strategic                Horizon Robotics Series C      350.0M      Asia                                                                            Dongfeng Motor Group, Sunny
                      Motors                                                              smart mobility.                                                     Optical Technology, Xingyu
                                                                                                                                                              Co.,Ltd
                                                                                                                                                              5Y Capital, Brunei Investment
                    Ontario                                                                                                                                   Agency, ClearVue Partners,
                                                                              North       Pony.ai is a startup that builds full-stack autonomous driving
08-Feb-21 Financial Teachers'    Pony.ai            Series C      100.0M                                                                                      CPE, Eight Roads Ventures,
                                                                              America     solutions.                                                          Fidelity China Special
                    Pension Plan
                                                                                                                                                              Situations

                                                                                                                                                                                       19
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: Fundraising Transactions (3/4)
Date of    Strategic/ Investor                                       Money Raised
                                      Target Company   Series/Name                HQ Country Description                                                       Other Investors
Funding    Financial Name                                            ($)
                    InnoEnergy,                                                                                                                                Contrarian Ventures,
                    SpeedUp                                                                  Automating defect analysis for power lines. Bringing 3            Expansion Capital,
02-Feb-21 Financial               Hepta Airborne Series A            2.4M        Europe
                    Venture                                                                  dimensional world to everyone, everywhere.                        Markku Jääskelainen,
                    Capital Group                                                                                                                              Thorgate Ventures
                      Subvenio                                                                                                                                 Antler, Next Human
19-Jan-21 Financial                   Skyqraft         Seed Round    2.2M        Europe      Skyqraft provides autonomous aerial infrastructure inspection.
                      Invest                                                                                                                                   Ventures
                                                                                                                                                               CDB Equipment Manufacturing
                                                                                                                                                               Industial Investment Fund, CMC
                      Zhengzhou                                                                                                                                Capital Group, Hengjian Emerging
13-Jan-21 Strategic              WeRide                Series B      110.0M      Asia        WeRide is a global leading autonomous driving company.            Industries Fund, Kinzon Capital,
                      Yutong Bus
                                                                                                                                                               Qiming Venture Partners,
                                                                                                                                                               Sinovation Ventures, Tryin Capital

                      Entrepreneurs                                                          NeurobotX is a combine state-of-the-art neuroscience, AI and
11-Jan-21 Financial Roundtable        Neurobotx        Seed Round    0.1M        Europe      robotics in order to create spatial intelligence for autonomous   -
                      Accelerator                                                            drones & cars.

                                                                                                                                                               BGF Ventures, Doxa
                                                                                             Oxbotica powers the navigation, perception, user interface,
                                                                                                                                                               Partners, Halma, Hostplus,
06-Jan-21 Financial BP Ventures Oxbotica               Series B      46.3M       Europe      fleet management, and other features needed to run self-
                                                                                                                                                               IP Group Plc, Tencent,
                                                                                             driving vehicles.                                                 venture / science

                    BGF
                                                                                                                                                               ELECNOR, Heartcore
                    Ventures,                                                                Orbex is an innovative space startup developing small payload
10-Dec-20 Financial                   Orbex Space      Series B      23.9M       Europe                                                                        Capital, High-Tech
                    Octopus                                                                  reusable rockets.
                                                                                                                                                               Grunderfonds
                    Ventures
                    Amazon
                                                                                             SpeeDelete provides a smart city urban planning and traffic
01-Nov-20 Strategic Web               SpeeDelete       Pre Seed      0.01M       Europe                                                                        -
                                                                                             management system.
                    Services

                                                                                                                                                                                            20
Autonomous Vehicle Industry: Fundraising Transactions (4/4)
Date of    Strategic/ Investor                                   Money Raised
                                  Target Company   Series/Name                HQ Country Description                                                        Other Investors
Funding    Financial Name                                        ($)
                      Shell                                                              Drover is a mobility-as-a-service platform providing monthly, all-
15-Oct-21 Financial               Drover           Series B      2.9M        Europe                                                                         -
                      Ventures                                                           in car subscriptions to its end-customers.
                    BlackRock
                                                                                         Arrival is a developer and manufacturer of zero-emission, public
14-Oct-20 Financial Innovation    Arrival          Series B      118.0M      Europe                                                                       Winter Capital Advisors
                                                                                         transportation vehicles.
                    Capital

                                                   Venture                               Einride is an electric and autonomous freight tech company that EQT Ventures, Ericsson
01-Oct-20 Financial Norrsken VC Einride                          10.0M       Europe
                                                   Round                                 designs and develops technologies for transportation systems.. Ventures, NordicNinja VC

                                                                                                                                                            Compound, Eclipse
                                                                                                                                                            Ventures, Exor Seeds, Fly
                      Balderton                                                          Wayve uses end-to-end deep learning to develop artificial          Ventures, Gregory Winter,
01-Aug-20 Financial               Wayve            Series A      19.8M       Europe
                      Capital                                                            intelligence capable of complex driving.                           Linda Levinson, Richard
                                                                                                                                                            Branson, Steve Girsky, Yann
                                                                                                                                                            LeCun
                    Autotech                                                                                                                                BP Ventures, Channel 4
                    Ventures,                                                                                                                               Ventures, Cherry Ventures,
                                                                                         Drover is a mobility-as-a-service platform providing monthly, all-
16-Jul-20 Financial RTP Global, Drover             Series B      25.7M       Europe                                                                         Forward Partners, Partech,
                                                                                         in car subscriptions to its end-customers.                         Rider Global, Version One
                    Target
                    Global                                                                                                                                  Ventures
                    Capnamic
                                                                                                                                                            GENIUS NY, Horizon 2020,
                    Ventures,                                                            BotsAndUs is a data-driven robotics and AI company that
06-Jul-20 Financial               BotsAndUs        Seed Round    6.0M        Europe                                                                         Innovate UK, Robotunion
                    Kindred                                                              provides full-stack robot systems for public spaces.
                    Capital
                    Ernström &
                                                                                         The analytics and annotation platform used to ensure the
29-Feb-20 Financial Co, Stena   Annotell           Series A      6.8M        Europe                                                                         -
                                                                                         performance of autonomous vehicle perception systems
                    Sessan

                                                                                                                                                                                  21
Table of Contents

     1. Autonomous Driving Industry Overview
     2. Autonomous Driving: Transactions
     3. Autonomous Driving: Recent Developments

                                                  22
Autonomous Driving: Recent developments (1/3)
Company   Recent Developments

          Acquired Lyft’s self-driving unit, Level-5 for $550 million
          Toyota took a completely different approach since Mid-2016 towards autonomous vehicle. The Company now spends nearly $10 billion a year on research autonomous vehicle technology. It plans
          to launch a highly autonomous vehicle by 2021.
          Source- greyb
          Date- April, 2021
          Source Link: https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          Honda Motor launched its latest car, featuring the world’s first certified Level 3 autonomous driving
          “A luxury sedan operating without a driver under certain conditions, has Traffic Jam Pilot System approved by Japan’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism last November 2020.”
          Priced at $102,000, Honda is releasing only 100 units with Level 3 autonomous driving technology for lease sales.
          Source- Trendmicro
          Date- March, 2021
          Source Link- https://www.trendmicro.com/us/iot-security/news/6697

          Nissan announced that it has completed a 230-mile driverless journey.
          Nissan is one of the first movers in AV segment and started initiatives as early as 2013. In 2018, Nissan Motors and DeNA ran field tests of Easy Ride, the self driving taxi service they developed
          together. In August 2019, the Company rolled out its ProPilot 2.0 driver-assistance technology feature in the new Nissan Skyline to enable hands-off driving for single-lane cruising. Renault started
          public trial of its on-demand car service in October 2019.
          Source- greyb
          Date- Feb, 2020
          Source Link- https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          JLR unveiled an electric and autonomous shuttle pod designed for shared use in urban settings
          JLR inked a deal with Alphabet’s Waymo for the purchase 20,000 Jaguar I-Paces for a fleet of self-driving taxis. The company is already testing the new vehicles on public roads around its Mountain
          View, California, headquarters.
          Source- The Verge
          Date- Feb, 2020
          Source Link- https://www.theverge.com/2020/2/18/21142427/jaguar-land-rover-electric-shuttle-mobility-concept

                                                                                                                                                                                                             23
Autonomous Driving: Recent developments (2/3)
Company   Recent Developments

          One of the strangest cars ever designed known as “BMW i Interaction EASE”
          In March 2017, the Company has announced to launch Level-5 autonomous cars by 2021. In 2019, BMW become the first automobile manufacturer to enable full 5G wireless coverage at all its
          plants. The strange looking car shaped like a rectangular block with absolutely no aerodynamics integrated into it.
          Source- greyb
          Date- January 2020
          Source Link- greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          The company exhibited the Cruise Origin, a Level 4-5 driverless vehicle.
          Founded in 2013 and acquired by General Motors in 2016.
          The company is developing software for General Motors Chevrolet Bolt. This software would make car autonomous. The company launched Origin in January 2020, a fully automated car without a
          steering wheel or pedals intended to be used for ride hailing services.
          Source- CNBC, Wikipedia
          Date- January 2020
          Source Link- https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/23/debut-of-gms-cruise-origin-shows-the-future-of-ride-hailing-autonomous-vehicles-is-a-box.html

          Waymo created driverless and open to public taxi service.
          Waymo, subsidiary of Alphabet Inc., is considered a leader in the development of driverless cars, as its autonomous cars have driven 20 million miles on the road. Waymo’s technology of
          autonomous cars comes under Level 4 automated driving systems of SAE International.
          Source- Arstechnica
          Date- September 2020
          Source Link- https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/10/waymo-finally-launches-an-actual-public-driverless-taxi-service/

          Aptiv unveiled its new Smart Vehicle Architecture (SVA) at CES
          SVA is a flexible and scalable vehicle-level architecture designed to reduce vehicle complexity during assembly while improving safety and support software for connected and autonomous vehicles.
          Source- grayb
          Date- January 2020
          Source Link- https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

                                                                                                                                                                                                       24
Autonomous Driving: Recent developments (3/3)
Company   Recent Developments

          Hyundai announced a successful autonomous truck platooning demonstration
          Kia, an affiliate of Hyundai Motors aims to launch a fully autonomous vehicle by 2030. On November 2018, Tech giants Samsung Electronics, automaker Hyundai Motors, and telecommunication
          company KT join hands to showcase autonomous driving technology running on the 5G network.
          Source- grayb
          Date- November 2019
          Source Link- https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          Continental AG announced that it developed “ROAD AND DRIVER” camera
          As per the company, its camera will monitor both driver and traffic in front of the vehicle. The dual-camera system continuously detects whether the driver is paying attention to the road, while also
          monitoring the surroundings. Continental says the camera provides a holistic model of the environment and is a prerequisite for the safe deployment of self-driving vehicles.
          Source- greyb
          Date- August 2019
          Source Link- https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          Launch of full Self-Driving Computer
          In April 2017, Tesla’s CEO, Elon Musk, confirmed that Tesla is working on Level-5 vehicle and will be launched within the next two years.
          In the year 2018, Tesla announced to produce their own AI chips for self-driving cars. The Company’s full self driving computer is claimed to be best chip in the world. As per data provided by the
          company, its new computer can process 2,300 frames per second and perform 144 trillions operations per second.
          Source- greyb
          Date- July 2019
          Source Link- https://www.greyb.com/autonomous-vehicle-companies/

          BMW Group and Daimler AG- jointly developing autonomous driving technologies.
          In an announcement, the auto giants said their initial focus would be on the development of “next-generation technologies” for automated driving on highways, driver assistance systems and
          parking features. The companies view their partnership as being a “long-term, strategic co-operations”.
          Source- CNBC
          Date- July 2019
          Source Link- https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/28/bmw-and-daimler-team-up-to-develop-self-driving-technologies.html

                                                                                                                                                                                                             25
Contacts

                Göttingen Corporate Finance

           Timo Peter, Partner          Jan Huber, Analyst
           M: +49 172 888 9848          M: +49 157 718 66 993
           E: tp@goettingen-cf.com      E: jh@goettingen-cf.com

                         Weender Landstraße 3
                         37073 Göttingen, Germany
                         T: +49 551 28168380
                         F: +49 551 28168379

                         www.goettingen-cf.com

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