CAMBODIA COUNTRY PROGRAMME DOCUMENT 2019 2023
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Empowered lives.
Resilient nations.
CAMBODIA COUNTRY
PROGRAMME DOCUMENT
2019 - 2023
Approved by the Executive Board of the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Population Fund and the United Nations Office for Project Services in the first regular session 2019 21 to 25 January 2019, New York
CONTENTS
2
PROGRAMME RATIONALE
8
PROGRAMME PRIORITIES AND
PARTNERSHIPS
16
PROGRAMME AND RISK
MANAGEMENT
18
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
19
ANNEX I: RESULTS AND
RESOURCES FRAMEWORK
FOR CAMBODIA
UNDP CAMBODIA 1
PROGRAMME RATIONALE
COUNTRY
CONTEXT
The gross domestic product of Cambodia has Cambodia has not adopted a national measure
more than tripled since 2000 with annual eco- of multi-dimensional poverty, but international
nomic growth averaging 7.4 per cent and the data suggest that, although falling, the level is
country attaining lower middle income status in higher than income poverty.5
2015.1 Cambodia is rapidly modernizing, and its
economy continues to transition from agriculture The Government has clearly articulated the coun-
to industry and services. The Government has try’s development objectives. The Rectangular
supported this transition through sound macro- Strategy, 2019-2023, places good governance
economic management, increasing foreign direct centre-stage and prioritizes human resource
investment (FDI), high labour force participation, development (HRD), economic diversification,
growing domestic resource mobilization private sector employment, and inclusive and
and improved public services. sustainable development. This agenda is made
operational through the National Strategic
Strong performance has reduced poverty and Development Plan (NSDP),6 which integrates
improved human development. The poverty rate the Sustainable Development Goals7 and long-
declined from 53.2 per cent in 2004 to 13.5 per term development aims articulated in the
cent in 2014;2 Cambodia has experienced one of Government’s Vision 2030,8 a roadmap towards
the fastest human development index rates of upper middle- income status, and Vision 2050,
improvement in the region;3 growth is relatively when Cambodia aspires to become a high
inclusive, with inequality remaining in check.4 income country.
1 World Bank, 2016.
2 Ministry of Planning (MOP), National Institute of Statistics (NIS).
3 UNDP Human Development Report (HDR), 2017.
4 The Gini coefficient has fallen from 0.38 in 1994 to 0.27 in 2014 (MOP/NIS).
5 Data for 2014, suggest that 33 per cent of the population are multi-dimensionally poor (Oxford Poverty and Human Development
Initiative2017).
6 NSDP in force at the time of writing covers 2014-2018. NSDP 2019-2023 is being drafted.
7 Rapid integrated assessment (RIA) 2016; mainstreaming, acceleration, policy support (MAPS) report 2016.
8 Vision2030andVision2050remainunpublishedbutarereferencedinspeechesbythePrimeMinister:http://cnv.org.kh/selected-impromptu-
comments-at-the-graduation-and-diploma-presenting-ceremony-of-the-royal-university-of-phnom-penh/#more-4239.
2
DEVELOPMENT
CHALLENGES
The country’s fundamental development aim is The United Nations Development Assistance
to continue its socioeconomic transformation Framework (UNDAF) recognizes governance as
driven through high levels of growth with shared the lynchpin to achieving national development
prosperity, alongside improved governance, objectives and the Goals.9
human development and better environmen-
tal outcomes. Although growth has been high and inclusive,
there is a need to promote productivity and
Cambodia faces a set of complex, frictional competitiveness, and ensure a more sustain-
pressures associated with the middle-income able and resilient economy. The narrow industrial
transition. base and persisting low value-added produc-
tion (mainly garments and agriculture) underpin
Recognizing this, the Government is imple- these concerns.10 Similarly, for households,
menting policy reforms, strengthening although poverty is reducing and labour force
public service delivery and transitioning to participation is high, the proportion vulnerable
a more sustainable growth model. Rising to falling back into poverty has increased, and
domestic revenues have reinforced these most employment remains informal.11
efforts, though policy, resource and capacity
challenges remain. Ensuring better governance,
human rights and rule of law are critical.
9 Cambodia ranks 161 out of 180 on Transparency International’s corruption perception index, NSDP 2014-2018
10 World Bank, Cambodia Economic Update, April 2017.
11 Participation rates are 82 per cent for men and 80 per cent for women.
UNDP CAMBODIA 3
Such non-poor but vulnerable groups face multiple The country’s demographics present threats
challenges, and disparities, especially spatial and opportunities: two thirds of the population
ones, remain significant.12 Exclusion concerns are aged under 30 and youth constitute 43 per
extend to disadvantaged groups. For example, cent of the working age population.17 Yet over 50
while persons with disabilities (10 per cent of per cent of employed youth are undereducated
the population)13 are increasingly considered in and engaged in low-skilled labour, and a major-
national policies, they still experience discrim- ity of the workforce are poor or in vulnerable
ination and challenges due to limited physical employment.18 Many Cambodians migrate to find
infrastructure and social services. People in better jobs internally and abroad, specifically in
remote areas risk exclusion, especially those Thailand.19 The challenges are to provide quality
living where mines and explosive remnants of education and skills and create decent employ-
war (ERW) remain a threat; indigenous people ment so that the demographic dividend enables
and forest dependent communities have seen a successful middle-income transition.
their livelihoods adversely impacted by socio-
economic change.14
The status of women, though improving, is
still highly challenged. Disparities in primary
and secondary education, maternal mortality
and gender inequalities in decision-making have
all narrowed.15 However, violence against women
persists: one in five ever-partnered women have
experienced physical or sexual violence by their
intimate partner at least once.16 Challenges the
Government has prioritized include tackling
gender-based violence, enrolment in tertiary edu-
cation, economic empowerment and increased
participation in public and professional life.
12 Although Cambodia is urbanizing, 80 per cent still live in rural areas (where 90 per cent of those in poverty are located).
13 Cambodian Demographic Health Survey, 2014, NIS.
14 Cambodia common country assessment, 2017.
15 UNDP, HDR 2016.
16 The Government, theWorld Health Organiation (WHO) and the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women
(UN-Women), 2015, National Survey on Women’s Health and Life Experiences in Cambodia.
17 UNFPA, 2017.
18 Lower secondary education completion is 48 per cent for both men and women.
19 CDR Iand the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2017, Interrelations between Public Policies, Migration and
Development in Cambodia.
4
Rapid development has exerted increasing
pressure on natural resources and biodiversity
ALIGNMENT
in rural areas and led to higher levels of waste TO THE GOALS
and air pollution in urban areas. The degrada-
tion of natural resources has adversely impacted
rural livelihoods and reduced capacity for climate
change adaptation and mitigation, including to The Government is committed to the Goals. The
reduce emissions from deforestation and deg- Ministry of Planning (MOP), with UNDP support,
radation (REDD+).20 In 2017, the Government has produced the Cambodia Sustainable
consolidated protected areas totalling more Development Goals Framework that nationalizes
than 7 million hectares (or 40 per cent of total the Goals and includes an 18th goal (end the
land). A number of other legal and policy mea- negative impact of land mines and explosive
sures now in place to promote environmental remnants of war, and promote victim assis-
sustainability. The primary need now is to assist tance).23 The Goals are to be fully integrated with
national efforts to successfully translate these national plans, through UNDP support to the
policy measures into action. Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC)
and the Ministry of Planning.
Cambodia is among the world’s most
vulnerable countries to climate change. 21
Floods in 2011 and drought 2015-2016 are
examples of severe weather events that
are forecast to become more frequent and
extreme.22 The Government has responded with
mitigation and adaptation measures but requires
further support.
20 Forest cover declined to 48 percent (2016) from 73 percent (1965), UNDP, HDR 2016. A total of 2.96 giga tonnes of carbonisstored in
Cambodia’s eco systems (Ministry of the Environment, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) submission 2017).
21 Climate change vulnerability index, 2017; United Nations University global risk index 2017; Standard and Poor, climate change vulnerability
index 2014.
22 Crowthers, L. 2016: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/may/05/animals-die-cambodia-worst-drought-decades.
23 RIA and MAPS mission reports, 2016.
UNDP CAMBODIA 5
UNDP CONTRIBUTIONS:
LEARNING FROM THE PAST
UNDP impact is greatest when it builds on its must be underpinned by analysis guided by the
comparative advantage in providing focused, Government’s priorities.27 The Cambodia devel-
relevant and effective technical support and its opment finance assessment (DFA) identified
trusted relationship with government.24 UNDP potential new funding sources to inform national
has made significant contributions to policy ini- planning and partnerships for the Goals.28 The
tiatives and institutional reforms. climate public expenditure reviews (CPERs) mobi-
lized national commitment by analyzing and
The national industrial development policy prioritizing adaptation investments.29
adopted a human development perspective
in providing institutional support to a rigorous The need for strong links between policy and
results-based approach linked to budgetary impact is a fundamental lesson. The theory of
reforms.25 With the support of the European change acknowledges the risk that policy and
Union, Sweden, United States of America and ground-level realities can diverge. Partnering with
Japan, UNDP supported the establishment of the local communities and civil society organizations
National Council for Sustainable Development is essential to mitigating this. Rigorous impact
(NCSD), an inter-ministerial body to promote analysis and sound political economy analysis
sustainable development. This strengthened are also key to ensuring the programme delivers
overall leadership while enabling line ministries tangible results.
to climate-proof their programmes.26 Policy work
24 UNDP outcome evaluation of the country programme action plan, 2011-2015, mid-term review, 2011-2015.
25 Ibid.
26 Ibid.
27 Poverty thematic evaluation, 2016.
28 Cambodia DFA, CDC, 2017.
29 CPERs, 2013-14, 2015, 2016.
6
OPPORTUNITIES
TO EFFECT CHANGE
The Government has clearly articulated its the 2030 Agenda particularly from the private
vision to integrate 2030 Agenda in its plans sector, through sustainable special economic
and ensure a secure, inclusive and prosperous zones and investments in affordable housing.33
society, eliminating poverty and leaving no-one By 2025, it is estimated that 80 per cent of all
behind. To achieve this, the Government recog- financing for the Goals will come from domestic
nizes the need for effective public institutions sources and FDI.34 UNDP will therefore continue
and a robust private sector. Drawing on its global to explore with the Government new ways to
network, UNDP will work with the United Nations increase domestic and private sector financing
country team to engage with the Government on for development.
attaining the Goals.
Taking the economic transition and sustainable
In accordance with the UNDP Strategic Plan, natural resource management as entry points to
2018-2021,30 and as an “integrator”31 for the expand UNDP engagement on governance, the
Goals in United Nations development system programme will work to find ways in which public
reform,32 UNDP will help to create financing officials can better address delivery to citizens
models to deliver higher volume, more effec- in line with the Government’s commitments to
tive investment. UNDP will move from funding improve performance and accountability.
towards financing, leveraging investment in
30 UNDP Strategic Plan, 2018-2021.
31 “Integrator” refers to a mechanism bringing together efforts to achieve the Goals.
32 General Assembly resolution 72/279, “Repositioning of the United Nations development system”.
33 For example, UNDP collaboration on affordable housing, https://www.khmertimeskh.com/50502676/undp-supports-ppsezs-housing-project/
34 Cambodia DFA, CDC, 2017.
UNDP CAMBODIA 7
PROGRAMME PRIORITIES AND
PARTNERSHIPS
UNDP country programme is aligned with of their respective strategic plans, 2018-2021,
the Rectangular Strategy and NSDP. The pro- UNDP will work with UNFPA, the United Nations
gramme positions UNDP as a strategic partner Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations
to government with the objective of adapting Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment
and implementing the Goals to support tran- of Women (UN-Women), and others on social
sition to upper middle-income status through protection, youth employment, women’s empow-
sustainable growth, eliminating poverty and erment, forest protection, climate change, and
leaving no one behind. This draws on the access to justice for persons with disabilities.In a
UNDP Strategic Plan, 2018-2021, and is an inte- break from the supply-driven capacity- building
gral part of the United Nations Development of the past, UNDP will work with government to
Assistance Framework (UNDAF) 2019-2023. create incentives for civil servants and citizens
to find their own ways to improve services. In
Building on existing models, UNDP will bring each part of the programme, UNDP will support
in greater public and private investment the Government to find innovative solutions to
UNDP can help private investors do well by long-standing institutional challenges.
doing good, and realize the potential financial
and social returns in the 2030 Agenda. The programme aims to deliver on the pledge
UNDP will partner with financing institutions, to leave no-one behind, targeting development
including international financial institutions (IFIs), results that include and empower those below
to create and test new investment vehicles for or near the poverty line, and vulnerable groups,
the Goals, and support delivery of concessional including women and girls, unemployed youth,
loan financed programmes. persons with disabilities, sexual minorities, and
people living with HIV (PLHIV).
Using finance as an integrator for the Goals,
UNDP can provide a platform for other United The programme consists of three inter-dependent
Nations organizations to participate in innovative pillars: prosperity, planet and peace.
collaborations. Through the common chapter
8“The core objective is to support national transition towards upper middle-
income status through sustainable and inclusive growth pathways.”
PROSPERITY
EXPANDING ECONOMIC
OPPORTUNITIES
The core objective is to support national tran- UNDP will maintain support for the CDC, Ministry
sition towards upper middle-income status of Planning and the Ministry of Economy
through sustainable and inclusive growth and Finance (MoEF) to plan, finance, coor-
pathways. The Rectangular Strategy prioritizes dinate and monitor the NSDP, working with
transformation towards a greener, skills-based the support of Australia, the European Union
economy linked to innovation and the Fourth and Sweden. This will include embedding
Industrial Revolution. UNDP signature solu- tracking and accountability mechanisms
tions – (1) keeping people out of poverty, (4) within national and sub-national systems
sustainable planet, and (5) closing the energy and programmes.
gap – underpin the theory of change and
programme formulation.35
35 UNDP six signature solutions: poverty, governance, resilience, sustainable planet, energy and gender equality.
UNDP CAMBODIA 9MAXIMIZING EQUITABLE AND UNDP will support government efforts to meet
GREEN ECONOMIC GROWTH the national Goal 18: end the negative impact
of mines and explosive remnants of war, and
The national industrial development policy promote victim assistance. Working with the
provides a roadmap towards structural transfor- Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance
mation, greater productivity, higher value-added Authority (CMAA), with the support of Australia,
and diversification. UNDP will continue partnering Canada and Switzerland, UNDP will support
with the CDC to support implementation, making land safe and productive.
recognizing that Cambodia is likely to begin
preparations for graduation from least developed UNDP will develop graduation-based models
country (LDC)36 status in the next decade. UNDP of social protection to help end extreme
will continue to work with ministries of Mines and poverty by boosting household productivity.
Energy, Environment, and Economy and Finance
to develop renewable energy solutions.
UPGRADING THE SKILLS OF
Working with the private sector, UNDP will focus THE NEXT GENERATION
on de-risking solar investments.
To maximize the demographic dividend, remain
competitive, and ensure growth stays inclusive,
CREATING GREATER VALUE AND working age people need to be able to access
COMBATING RURAL POVERTY skills training while remaining in employment.37
With Switzerland, Sweden, United Nations orga-
Upgrading agricultural value chains is essential nizations, and research organizations, UNDP will
to improving agricultural productivity and helping strengthen the capacity of the Ministry of Labour
the rural poor become more resilient to external and Vocational Training (MOLVT) in policy-
shocks. Using blended finance and working with the focused research, information management,
Ministry of Commerce (MOC), UNDP will facilitate innovation, monitoring and communications.
improvements in farm-level productivity and prof- UNDP will work with the National Employment
itability to expand and enhance value-chains and Agency (NEA) and private sector on expanding
promote export diversification, especially in the work opportunities for young people, through
cassava sector. entrepreneurship and using innovative tools
and media.
36 LDC status is defined by the Committee for Development Policy: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/least-developed-country-
category/ldc-criteria.html.
37 “Development goals in an era of demographic change”, Global Monitoring Report, World Bank 2015-2016.
10RECOGNIZING WOMEN‘S LEVERAGING PRIVATE FINANCE
CONTRIBUTION AND SECURING
THEIR ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT UNDP will deepen its Goals-related engage-
ment with the private sector and chambers of
In collaboration with the Ministry of Women’s commerce, including the expansion of social
Affairs, Sweden and the Cambodia Development impact finance. UNDP will work with the Phnom
Resource Institute (CDRI), UNDP will provide a Penh Special Economic Zone (PPSEZ) on low-
gender-based analysis of the national economy cost housing, clean energy, waste recycling and
to inform gender equality policies and enhance upgrading skills through the Sustainable Special
economic performance. UNDP will sponsor Economic Zones initiative.
initiatives to empower women and girls as entre-
preneurs and within the labour market.
UNDP CAMBODIA 11“UNDP will support environmental protection, working with the
Government to ensure sustainable natural resource management and
build climate resilience.”
PLANET
SUSTAINABLE LIVING
In line with the Rectangular Strategy and This pillar is closely associated with the peace,
UNDP signature solutions (3) building resil- participation and accountability theme, which
ience and (4) sustainable planet, UNDP will addresses governance issues to improve
support environmental protection, working environment and natural resource management.
with the Government to ensure sustainable
natural resource management and build
climate resilience.
12STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONAL preparedness, operationalizing early warning
CAPACITIES and monitoring systems and establishing and
strengthening regional collaboration with the
Through the Ministry of Environment and NCSD, Mekong River Commission, the Association of
and with the support of the European Union, Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and others
Sweden and the United States, UNDP will con- for climate data-sharing. UNDP will support
tinue to support policy formulation and capacity the Ministry of Environment, NCSD, MME,
development for more environmentally sustain- and National Committee for Sub-national
able development. In addition, UNDP will support Development (NCDDS) to promote a green,
the Government to ensure effective enforcement circular economy through sustainable waste
of Environment and Natural Resource Code38 management, sustainable transport manage-
and related laws and regulations. ment, improved energy efficiency, and the
adoption of clean energy.
Partnerships with the Ministry of Economy and
Finance and the Supreme National Economic
Council (SNEC) will analyze and institutionalize STRENGTHENING CONSERVATION AND
an economic case for sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
The programme will continue to support the
PROMOTING CLIMATE ADAPTATION Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of
AND MITIGATION Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)
for the sustainable management of natural
Through the Global Enviromental Facility (GEF) resources and biodiversity conservation while
Green Climate Fund, and the Forest Partner strengthening capacities of local authorities and
Carbon Facility (FCPF), and with the Ministry of community-based organizations to improve
Environment and NCSD, UNDP will continue rural livelihoods, food security and effective
to support line ministries in adopting and climate responses. GEF, BIOFIN39 and Payment
implementing gender-responsive climate for Ecosystem Services initiatives will introduce
action. UNDP will support REDD+ to enable the incentive-based innovations that strengthen
Government to access results-based payments watershed restoration, biodiversity conservation
for reducing emissions from forestry. UNDP will and natural resource management.
continue to support the Government on disaster
38 Environmental codes (draft), Ministry of Environment.
39 Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BIOFIN): http://www.biodiversityfinance.net/.
UNDP CAMBODIA 13LEVERAGING PRIVATE FINANCE PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY
In partnership with the Government, the With support from Sweden and others, UNDP
programme will leverage private sector invest- will continue policy and institutional support
ment for scalable climate initiatives and a to the Ministry of Women’s Affairs to address
circular economy. social norms that discriminate against women,
and to promote their economic empowerment,
leadership and participation in decision-making.
STRENGTHENING INSTITUTIONAL Together with UN-Women and UNFPA, UNDP
CAPACITY FOR THE GOALS AND will contribute to national efforts to eliminate
ACCOUNTABLE PUBLIC SERVICES violence against women, including through revi-
sion of domestic violence law.
Working with the Ministry of Planning and the
Government as a whole, UNDP will support
the development, adoption and monitoring of SUPPORTING RIGHTS AND LEAVING
the national Goals and their integration within NO ONE BEHIND
national planning and sector budgeting. This will
include assisting the Government to prepare a Rapid social and economic progress risks
voluntary national review.40 With Government excluding minority, marginalized and
and other partners, UNDP will assist in strength- vulnerable groups. Building on a United Nations
ening public service accountability and feedback joint programme,41 UNDP will work with the
mechanisms, and informing government reforms Ministry of Justice (MOJ)and the Ministry of
and innovations to implement and monitor Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation
the Goals. (MOSVY) on legal reforms to protect and include
persons with disabilities. Through the regional
programme ‘Being LGBTI42 in Asia’, UNDP
will work with national networks, supporting
social tolerance and openness to promote
the rights of sexual minorities. Following
up on the Universal Periodic Review, UNDP
will develop rights-based initiatives on which the
Government is able to engage. UNDP will support
national commitments to expand social protec-
tion for the vulnerable, specifically persons with
disabilities and PLHIV.
40 Voluntary national reviews are encouraged as a basis for regular review by the high-level political forum.
41 Disability Rights Initiative Cambodia, UNICEF, UNDP, WHO, Australia, 2014-2018.
42 Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual and intersex (LGBTI).
14“Just as good governance underpins the wider Rectangular Strategy, the
‘peace’ pillar is central to the success of the other two.”
PEACE
PARTICIPATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY
Just as good governance underpins the wider Environmental outcomes can be improved
Rectangular Strategy, the ‘peace’ pillar is central through more effective local governance. UNDP
to the success of the other two. Improved will explore innovative ways to empower citizens
state institutions, with more effective govern- and work with Government incentive structures
ment-to-people delivery, can improve the quality to help build demand for better service delivery.
and inclusiveness of economic growth, through This pillar utilizes signature solutions (2) effective,
social protection and protection of the rights of accountable and inclusive governance, and (6)
minorities. gender equality.
UNDP CAMBODIA 15PROGRAMME AND RISK
MANAGEMENT
The programme will be nationally executed. Project formulation will provide an opportunity
Implementing partner selection will be guided for dialogue with the Ministry of Economy and
by an assessment of capacities to maximize Finance to explore options for national funding.
relevance, efficiency, effectiveness and sus- UNDP active engagement in the country team
tainability of interventions. The harmonized and collaboration with the resident coordinator
approach to cash transfers (HACT) frame- allow risks to be identified and managed in part-
work will be used in collaboration with other nership with the Government by adhering to
United Nations organizations to assess and United Nations norms and conventions, includ-
manage financial risks. Project implementation ing those related to humanrights.
modalities – national implementation, national
implementation with UNDP support, or direct UNDP will seek to manage political risks by
implementation – will be determined in consul- maintaining a strong relationship with the
tation with the Government based on assessed Government and stakeholders, while maintain-
risk ratings further to the HACT assessment of ing a strictly impartial stance and adhering to the
potential implementing partners, and selected normative values of the United Nations. UNDP
to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of will regularly share information with other United
UNDP contributions to development results. In Nations organizations and development part-
all cases, the implementation modality will be ners. UNDP will undertake regular monitoring
grounded in strong national ownership. In accor- through its own mechanisms as well as via
dance with Executive Board decision 2013/32, the United Nations Department of Safety and
all direct costs associated with project imple- Security (UNDSS) and will deploy appropriate
mentation will be charged to concerned projects. measures in the event of emerging challenges.
Long-established working relations and excellent UNDP will adopt context-sensitive, do-no-harm
communications with CDC will ensure a results principles to guide design and implementation
focus, effective programme management and of this programme.
proactive risk response.
16UNDP will manage resource mobilization This CPD outlines the UNDP contribution to
risks by widening the funding base to include new national results and serves as the primary means
partners, including private and public domestic of accountability to the Executive Board for align-
sources. Taking advantage of improved rules and ment and resources assigned to the programme
regulations, UNDP expects to improve delivery at country level.
speed and quality. Implementation and results
are monitored monthly, including ensuring Accountabilities of managers at the country,
resource mobilization and managementare pri- regional and headquarters levels with respect
oritized. For efficient delivery, UNDP will continue to country programmes are prescribed in
to reduce administrative costs. the organization’s programme and opera-
tions policies and procedures and the internal
control framework.
UNDP CAMBODIA 17MONITORING AND EVALUATION
UNDP is committed to ensuring that devel- To strengthen and use national monitoring
opment policy work is based on learning and systems for the Goals, UNDP will partner with
evidence. At the project design stage, reflection the Government to design and implement a
and adaptation will form part of a rigorous, fully- policy-relevant research agenda, including use
resourced evaluation strategy. Projects will be of innovation and new technologies in data
based on theories of change linked to results generation, capture, mapping, analysis and
articulated in the country programme, NSDP reporting. UNDP will promote disaggregation
and the Goals. Evaluation will allow projects of data (gender, age, vulnerable groups and
to respond to lessons learned and new oppor- by geographical location) within programming.
tunities. Communication and outreach to a Partnerships with local research and policy insti-
diverse audience will continue, including use of tutions will ensure impartial monitoring and
multiple platforms and media. evaluation while introducing new perspectives.
UNDP will ensure close monitoring and oversight, The monitoring and evaluation plan is aligned
including spot checks, audit, field visits and, where with the national Goals, UNDP Strategic Plan,
possible, community monitoring and evaluation. 2018-2021, NSDP and UNDAF, 2019-2023.
UNDP social and environmental standards and Outcome results will be monitored according to
accountability mechanism will be applied. coordination mechanisms agreed between the
Government and country team.
18ANNEX I: RESULTS AND RESOURCES
FRAMEWORK FOR CAMBODIA
NATIONAL PRIORITY OR GOAL:
Capacity building and human resource development; Poverty reduction and inclusive growth; Social protection; Revitalizing
agriculture; Health and nutrition; Physical infrastructure; Competitiveness; Private sector development and employment.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS:
CPD OUTCOME I/UNDAF OUTCOME 2:
By 2023, women and men in Cambodia, in particular those marginalized and vulnerable, benefit from expanded
opportunities for decent work and technological innovations; and participate in a growing, more productive and
competitive economy, that is also fairer and environmentally sustainable.
RELATED STRATEGIC PLAN OUTCOME:
Advance poverty eradication in all its forms and dimensions.
UNDAF outcome Data source and Indicative country programme outputs Major partners/ Indicative
indicator(s), baselines, frequency of data (including indicators, baselines, targets) partnerships resources by
target(s) collection, and frameworks outcome (United
responsibilities States dollars)
Strategic Plan Outcome 1.1a. MPI-based Output 1.1: Extreme poor, disadvantaged Government: Regular:
1.1a. on government populations, including PLHIV and people CDC 5,610,960
Proportion of men, data. with disabilities (PwDs), have access to MoP MoEF SNEC
women and children of all improved RGC social protection. CMAA Other:
ages living in poverty in all Ministry of 21,383,994
1.1.1. Number of people participating in Labour and
dimensions, by selected
social protection programmes supported Vocational
measures of multi-
by UNDP. Training (MLVT)
dimensional poverty.
Baseline (2017): Total: 5900; NEA
Baseline: 33% (2014)
PLHIV: 5900 (no gender disaggregation); MLMUPC
Target: TBC Others:0
Civil society:
UNDAF Outcome 2.1.1. 2.1.1. Cambodia Target: Total: 27,700; PLHIV:17,700 CDRI
Socio-economic (nogender disaggregation); Centre for Policy
Employment to
population ratio: (a) men/ Survey-CSES; Others (including PwDs): 10,000 (50% Studies (CPS)
women; (b) youth (15-30) Cambodia Labour women) Cambodian
men/women; (c) PNH/ Force Survey ID poor data base, project reports Disabled
other rural/ urban People’s
Output 1.2. Government fosters Organisation
Baseline: (i) 89.2%/78.8% productivity alongside inclusive/sustainable (CDPO)
(2016) (ii) TBC growth PLHIV networks
(iii) 78.6% / 85.4%/80.4%
United Nations/
(2016) 1.2.1: Number of adopted relevant RGC
UNDP
policies, plans and strategies supported
Target (2023): ILO
by UNDP
(i) Base +0.5% annually Australia
Baseline (2018): 2
(ii) Base +2% annually Switzerland
Target: 7 National reports Sweden
(iii) Base+0.5% annually
UNDP CAMBODIA 19UNDAF outcome Data source and Indicative country programme outputs Major partners/ Indicative
indicator(s), baselines, frequency of data (including indicators, baselines, targets) partnerships resources by
target(s) collection, and frameworks outcome (United
responsibilities States dollars)
UNDAF Outcome 2.1.3. 2.1.3. TVETMIS/ Output1.3.Left-behind and mine affected UNICEF
Human capital formation, CSES; MOEYS/ communities have access to safe land for WHO
numbers of people MoLVT/ILO better livelihoods. UNAIDS
benefiting from: (a) TVET; UNIDO
1.3.1: (a) Area of mine- affected land
(b) entrepreneurship Private sector:
released (km2);
programmes PP-SEZ
(b) Number of people benefitting from
Baseline: UNDP assisted mine action programme Green Leader
(i) 21,740 (F: 36%) Grab
Baseline (2017): (a) 216 km2;
(2016-2017)
(b) 908,958 (50% women);
(iii) 6,276 (50%/50%)
Target: (a) 281 km2;
Target: Base +10%
(b) 1,064,302 (50% women); CMAA
UNDAF Outcome 2.2.1. 2.2.1. NSDP 2019-
Output 1.4. Young women and men have
RGC economic strategy 2023
opportunities to progress through access
fully integrates to information, skills development and
SDGs/2030 approach and improved employment policies
socio economic rights, via
adoption of: (a) CSDG- 1.4.1: Number of young women and men
based NSDP43 (a) accessing online information,
Baseline (2018): Not (b) using multi-media content, and
adopted (c) skills certification
Target: Fully adopted Baseline (2018): (a to c) 0
Target: (a) 20,000; (b) one million; and
UNDAF Outcome 2.3.1. 2.3.1. Data/report (c) 3,000 (50% women for all)
Improved official from NIS Project data/NEA
statistics on gender and
vulnerability adopted: 1.4.2: Number of youth and gender-
(a) Gender – adjusted responsive government employment
wage gap men/women; policies
(b) Gender - time use/ Baseline (2018): 0
valuation of unpaid work; Target: 1 Government gazette, project
and (c) Cambodia-specific reports
multi-dimensional poverty
metric.44
Baseline: Not in place
Target: Developed and in
place
UNDAF Outcome 2.3.2. 2.3.2.
Number of participating Government
in government-targeted administrative
United Nations- data
supported poverty
eradication/ economic
inclusion programmes,
including social
protection and mine
action
Baseline (2018): 0
Target: at least 100,000
43 No/partially/fully.
44 Not in place/developed/developed and in place.
20NATIONAL PRIORITY OR GOAL:
Revitalizing agriculture; Climate change, natural resources management and biodiversity conservation; Good governance
(environmental sustainability, deforestation and degradation); Capacity building and HRD.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS:
CPD OUTCOME 2/UNDAF OUTCOME 3:
By 2023, women and men in Cambodia, in particular the marginalized and vulnerable, live in a safer, healthier, more
secure and ecologically balanced environment with improved livelihoods, and are resilient to naturaland climate change
related trends and shocks.
RELATED STRATEGIC PLAN OUTCOME:
Accelerate structural transformations for sustainable development.
Data source and Indicative
UNDAF outcome Indicative country programme Major partners/
frequency of data resources by
indicator(s), baselines, outputs (including indicators, partnerships
collection, and outcome (United
target(s) baselines, targets) frameworks
responsibilities States dollars)
UNDAF Outcome 3.1.1. 3.1.1. Ministry of Output 2.1. Targeted cities and urban Government: Regular:
Extent of land and Land Management, centers prepare and operationalize MoE 5,610,960
natural resources tenure Urban Planning solid waste management plan to NCSD
security, measured in: and Construction reduce environmental pollution impact MAFF Other:
(b) Number of total (MLMUPC) annual from solid waste. NCDD-S 42,767,987
members of registered reports Phnom Penh municipal
2.1.1: Number of cities/urban and provincial authorities
community fisheries
centres with operational Solid Waste MoWRAM
and forestry with tenure
Management Plans MRD
rights to fisheries and
forestry resources Baseline (2018): 0 MEF
Target: 5 project reports Ministry of Handicraft
Baseline (2017): 43%
NCDM
Target: 58%
Output 2.2.1. Number of national,
Civil society:
UNDAF Outcome 3.1.3. 3.1.3. CSDG sectoral and sub-national plans
GGGI
informed by accurate/ up-to-date
Percentage of GERES
climate information
communes vulnerable RECOFIC
to disaster shocks and Baseline (2017): 0 Conservation
climate change Target: 2 planning documents, budgets International
Baseline (2014): 49% referencing forecasts and products WCS
Oxfam
Target: 35%
CBOs
WWF
RUPP
GCCC
UNDP CAMBODIA 21Data source and Indicative
UNDAF outcome Indicative country programme Major partners/
frequency of data resources by
indicator(s), baselines, outputs (including indicators, partnerships
collection, and outcome (United
target(s) baselines, targets) frameworks
responsibilities States dollars)
UNDAF Outcome 3.2.3. 3.2.3. CSDG, Output 2.2. Climate and weather United Nations/UNDP
Extent to which Cambodia Forest information is available for public and FAO
natural resources are Cover 2016 utilized by policymakers for national, UNEP
protected, conserved sectoral and sub-national planning, WFP
and sustainably and transboundary communication UNIDO
managed, measured in: in the region. JICA
(a) percentage of forest EU
Output 2.3. Rules and regulations SIDA
cover; (b) percentage of
formulated and adopted for forest/ World Bank
protected area (Strategic natural resource management and ADB
Plan 2.9a); market solutions developed for
Baseline: 48.14% (2016); conservation and renewable energy Private sector:
41% (2018) PP-SEZ
2.3.1: Number of rules and regulations
Target: TBD
developed and adopted for forest/
natural resource management
UNDAF Outcome 3.2.4. 3.2.4. National Baseline (2018): 3
Adoption of innovation, communication,
Target: 8, MoE
clean technology, BUR, NDC CSDG
sustainable energy 2.3.2: Number of market solutions for
and sound chemical conservation and renewable energy
management, in place
minimizing GHG, wastes
Baseline (2018): 0
and pollution generation,
measured in: (a) GHG Target: 4, project reports
emission saving from
2.3.3: Number of households
the manufacturing
benefiting from clean, affordable and
industry (Gg CO2eq);45
sustainable energy access (Strategic
(b) percentage of POPs Plan indicator 1.5.1);
reduction release
Baseline: (2018): 0
Baseline: 405 (2015); 0%
Target: 250 (at least 50 headed by
(2017)
women); programmatic data
Target: 508; 5%
Output 2.4. Climate smart/proofed
UNDAF Outcome 3.3.1. 3.3.1. Endorsed (rural) infrastructures and services
Number of multisectoral policies, legislation, benefit rural population, especially
policies, legislation, plans and poor and vulnerable
plans and strategies strategies
relevant to sustainable 2.4.1: Value of investments in target
production and living, ministries going through climate
which are developed/ change screening processes
updated Baseline (2017): $17.8 million
Baseline (2018): 7 Target: $50 million
Target: 15 Project report
2.4.2: Number of climate smart/
proofed infrastructures built targeting
poor and vulnerable communities and
number of households benefiting
Baseline (2017): (a) 122;
(b) 16,828
Target: (a) 400; (b) 29,828
Project reports
45 Data are based on the Second National Communication (2015), data for 2023 are not available. The target in the NDC is 727 Gg CO2eq by 2030.
22NATIONAL PRIORITY OR GOAL:
Good governance (combating corruption, deforestation and degradation, public financial management, legal and
judicial reform).
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS:
CPD OUTCOME 3/UNDAF OUTCOME 4:
By 2023, women and men, including those underrepresented, marginalized and vulnerable, benefit from more transparent
and accountable legislative and governance frameworks that ensure meaningful and informed participation in economic
and social development and political processes.
RELATED STRATEGIC PLAN OUTCOME:
Accelerate structural transformations for sustainable development.
UNDAF outcome Data source and Indicative country programme Major partners/ Indicative
indicator(s), baselines, frequency of data outputs (including indicators, partnerships resources by
target(s) collection, and baselines, targets) frameworks outcome (United
responsibilities States dollars)
UNDAF Outcome 4.1.1. 4.1.1. Output 3.1. Government builds Government: Regular:
Number of public laws - Programmatic data an evidence-based monitoring, MoWA 4,364,080
and policies developed evaluation and reporting system MOP
- New laws, prakas,
with support from the supportive of delivering the Goals NCDD-S Other:
sub-decrees and
United Nations that MCS
policies adopted 7,127,998
3.1.1: CSDGs adopted and MoSVY
involve participation and published voluntary national report (VNR) Disability Action
of rights-holders,
- Royal Gazette submitted. Council (DAC)
especially women and
discriminated groups Baseline (2018): CSDG framework
Civil society:
not adopted; VNR not reported
Baseline (2018): 13 Silaka
Target: CSDG adopted and 1 VNR Oxfam
Target: 37
submitted National gazette Committee to Promote
UNDAF Outcome 4.3.1. 4.3.1. Women in Politics
Output 3.2. Women have (CPWP)
Number of selected - Laws and policies improved status in leadership
laws and policies that adopted, amended Association of
and decision making Sub-National
have been adopted, and published
amended and Administration
- Reports of CEACR, 3.2.1: Number of studies
implemented to comply Council (ASAC)
ILO and government produced, and policies adopted
with recommendations CDPO
reports to promote gender equality and
of UPR, treaty bodies, CCC
address gender-based violence
special procedures and Youth networks
Baseline (2017): 0 LGBTI networks
the International Labour
Organization (ILO) Target: 3 studies; 2 policies,
mechanisms national gazette, project reports
Baseline (2018):
Recommendations from
the listed mechanisms
UNDP CAMBODIA 23UNDAF outcome Data source and Indicative country programme Major partners/ Indicative
indicator(s), baselines, frequency of data outputs (including indicators, partnerships resources by
target(s) collection, and baselines, targets) frameworks outcome (United
responsibilities States dollars)
Target (2023): Output 3.3. Subnational United Nations/UNDP
Recommendations administrations are able to deliver UN Women
mentioned in services in a transparent and UN-OHCHR
the baseline are inclusive manner responsive to UNAIDS
implemented constituents’ needs UNFPA
DFAT
Strategic Plan 3.2.2: Percentage 3.3.1: Percenatge of local SIDA
Outcome 2.2b. of women in administration councillors and Republic of Korea
Proportion of women in management officials reporting improvement
managerial positions positions in at least in their performance as a result
four line ministries of training and other capacity
Baseline: Minister 15%;
supported by UNDP development support from the
Secretary and Under-
Baseline (2017): 25% project (by sex)
secretary of state: 25%;
Public sector-director of Target: 33% MCS Baseline: 0
department and above: Target: 70% Poject data, 2020
12-13%
3.3.2: Extent to which the design/
Target: Minister: 20%;
development of key UNDP-
Secretary and supported local governance
Undersecretary of services is inclusive and
state: 30%; Public participatory
sectordirector of
Baseline: 1-Limited Extent
department and above:
17-18% Target: 3-Great Extent
Programmatic data
Output 3.4. Capacity of PwD
organizations and networks
improved to advance the rights
of PwDs
3.4.1: New national disability
strategic plan and other strategic
documents developed with PwD
organizations
Baseline (2018): Limited
consultations with PwD
organizations
Target: Key recommendations
from PwD organizations reflected
in the approved NDSP and other
policies/plans Official Gazettes/
national policies on disability,
project reports
3.4.2: Number of PwDs,
disaggregated by gender, with
access to justice through formal
and informal systems (Strategic
Plan indicator 2.2.3)
Baseline (2017): 0
Target: 50 (50% female)
Project reports
24www.kh.undp.org
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