COUNTRY PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK FOR MALDIVES - 2018 to 2020 - FAO
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
COUNTRY PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK
FOR MALDIVES
2018 to 2020
3 January 2018
I. Introduction
The Country Programming Framework (CPF) for Maldives sets out three government priority areas to
guide FAO partnership with and support to the Government of Maldives – bringing together
innovative international best practices and global standards with national and regional expertise
over three years from 2018 to 2020.
The CPF was prepared following consultations with the Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture and the
members of the UN Country Team, in particular UNDP and WHO.
The CPF has been formulated for three years to align the CPF cycle with the UNDAF cycle, the next
cycle being 2021-2025.
II. Country context and priorities
National priorities
The overarching national strategic development plan of the Government of Maldives is the
Manifesto. The pledges of Manifesto are developed into policies at sectorial level and are used for
sectoral planning. Hence, the short term strategic action plans of the fisheries and agriculture partly
provide guidance to the CPF. Maldives have also developed the Nationally Determined Contribution
document of 2015 which provides recommendations for climate change mitigation and adaptation
measures, and policies for the agriculture and fisheries sectors. In addition, fisheries and climate
change policy documents has been published. Furthermore, a number of documents endorsed by
the Government of Maldives and prepared by UNDP (Human Development Report 2014), the World
Bank (Systematic Country Diagnostic 2015) and the UN Country Team (UNDAF 2016-2020) provide an
indication of the priorities. From these sources and others, the main national priorities of relevance
to the work of FAO can be considered to include the following:
increased and sustainable domestic food production and marketing for household income
generation and employment, especially of women and youth;
increased level of urbanization, especially in the greater Male’ area;
improved resilience to climate change;
improved natural resources management for fisheries, aquaculture and agriculture;
value addition in fisheries and agriculture;
diversification of the fisheries sector, including establishing aquaculture sector.
The Government of Maldives is particularly interested in participating in regional and interregional
initiatives that can serve to improve the sustainable management of fish stocks and protect the
fragile environment of the atolls, and that can facilitate sharing of lessons learnt from and
cooperation with other Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
FAO Regional priorities
During the Regional Conference held in March 2016 in Malaysia, FAO’s Member countries in the
Asia-Pacific region agreed on regional priorities for FAO’s work in the region of which the following
are of particular relevance to Maldives:
Nutrition and food security
Disaster Risk Reduction
Inclusive value chain development
Food waste and loss
One Health (food safety)
2 Mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and environment management
Data and analysis for decision making
Maldives is not covered by any Regional Initiative.
III. FAO’s contribution and expected results
FAO’s activities will focus on the provision of essential technical assistance and capacity development
at the upstream level in the technical areas where the Organization has a clear comparative
advantage. To the extent possible, FAO will partner with other UN agencies or other stakeholders.
This approach is all the more relevant as the geographical context of Maldives tends to make field
level activities by FAO cost-inefficient with limited impact.
The 2018-2020 CPF for Maldives will revolve around three Country Outcomes as follows:
Country Outcome 1: Food production contributes to shared prosperity and household
wellbeing
Maldives is an upper middle-income country with one third of the population located in the capital
(5.8 km2) and the Government of Maldives aims to promote further urbanization in the greater Male’
area. Only about 4 000 hectares of the total land area of Maldives of around 30 000 hectares is
considered arable. Agriculture is estimated to account for approximately 1.4 percent of GDP of
Maldives and thus constitutes a minor sector of the formal economy. About 6 500 farmers are
registered, of which 53 percent are women, and of which the majority are subsistence farmers or
smallholders. These farmers are spread across 74 inhabited islands. In addition, 1 300 hectares on 78
uninhabited islands have been leased long term (i.e. 21 years) to the private sector for commercial
agriculture.
Less than 10 percent of the food requirements of Maldives are met through domestic production,
the country being self-sufficient only in fish. In this context, the food requirements of the tourism
sector, in particular the upmarket luxury tourist resorts for which Maldives is famous, constitute a
particular challenge, but also an opportunity.
The potential for rural development in Maldives is constrained by multiple challenges, including the
shortage and geographical spread of the arable land, the competition for limited fresh water with
other uses, the low level of value-addition of agricultural and fisheries products, the availability of
inputs, and the high food quality standards demanded by the resorts.
Through the CPF, FAO aims to provide technical assistance and capacity to the Government of
Maldives in expanding the domestic production of such food commodities that can be cost-
effectively grown in the islands and consumed by farmer households, and that can constitute a
sustainable source of income through sale to resorts and urban centres. These commodities will
mainly include fruits and vegetables with a focus of products with a high nutritional and commercial
value.
FAO will also support the Government of Maldives to diversify the fisheries sector with the aim to
increase the livelihood opportunities of the sector, particularly for youth and women. This will
include efforts to facilitate the growth of the aquacultural production and processing, and support to
initiatives aimed at increasing the level of in-country processing of the tuna catches. The technical
assistance from FAO can include advice related to policy, strategies, regulatory frameworks and
guidelines, but also capacity development and the sharing of best practices.
3As indicated above, FAO will encourage the inclusion of women and youth in its work, two groups
that have difficulties in finding employment that is gainful and, in the case of women, socially
acceptable. In this regard, the gender analysis supported by FAO in early 2018 will be instrumental in
further informing the choice and design of activities, the mechanisms for implementation and the
monitoring. FAO will facilitate linkages between producers and the private sector to strengthen the
quality and safety of the production, encourage the creation of small and medium sized enterprises,
identify market opportunities taking advantage of existing logistical and storage infrastructure, and
provide advice on effective urban food systems. FAO will aim to achieve the following results:
Targeted stakeholders, including the private sector, enabled to establish and encourage
sustainable and profitable food systems allowing producers, in particular women and youth, to
produce and market fresh, safe and nutritious foods for the local market, urban areas and the
tourism sector, taking account of climate change.
Targeted stakeholders, in particular at the institutional level, enabled to promote the
diversification of the fisheries sector, to increase in-country processing and value-addition of
fish and to support the sustainable expansion of aquaculture.
Country Outcome 2: Rural livelihoods are more resilient to climate change, and the
environment and natural resources are more sustainably managed.
With 80 percent of its land area being less than 1 m above sea level, Maldives is highly vulnerable to
rising sea levels and to violent weather phenomena. Climate change has been projected to lead to
drier conditions in the islands and to strain the already precarious availability of clean drinking water
and fresh water for other purposes. Any expansion of food production in the islands is thus
conditioned upon the introduction of climate change adaptation measures.
Tuna fisheries in Maldivian waters is considered a model of sustainability and the fisheries sector has
constituted a main driver of economic growth and development with close to 20 000 formal and
informal fishermen. However, the sector contributes only 4.0 percent of GDP (including processing)
and is facing challenges in terms of the volume of catches and the continued potential for
employment, both for fishermen, but also in processing and other associated sectors. This reduces
the availability of employment in the islands, especially for women. Meanwhile, the value of the
fisheries export is increasing, demonstrating the potential for national and producer income. The
sustainable tuna fisheries practices in Maldivian waters are challenged by the migratory behaviour of
the fish and the increasing fishing pressure from distant fishing nations on tuna stocks in the Indian
Ocean, leading the Government of Maldives to seek a regional approach to conservation and
sustainable utilization of the resource. Closer to the Maldivian shores, the pressure on the reef
fisheries for bait fish and for food requires attention to preserve the habitat and the biodiversity
which plays a key role in national food security, but also as an attraction for the tourism industry.
In the above context, FAO intends to provide technical advice and capacity development at the
appropriate levels to improve the management of natural resources and combat environmental
degradation, and to identify and implement measures to address the impact of climate change on
agriculture and fisheries. The action will achieve the following result:
Targeted institutions are enabled to design and implement investment plans and activities that
contribute to increase the resilience of agriculture and fisheries dependent livelihoods to
climate change and environmental degradation, to protect the biodiversity, and to manage
natural resources, in particular fisheries, in a sustainable manner.
4Country Outcome 3: Increased capacity of concerned stakeholders to collect, analyse and
utilize data and information
The Government of Maldives is committed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by
2030 and is in the process of localizing the SDGs and establishing the mechanisms for coordination,
data collection and monitoring. However, while data has been collected for many years, the
identification of gaps and of measures needed to make the datasets relevant and appropriate for
SDG monitoring is only commencing. Within the areas of its technical comparative advantage, and
continuing work already initiated under the Global Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Statistics, FAO
aims to provide technical assistance, including training, to concerned staff of the Government of
Maldives to achieve the following result:
Increased capacity of targeted institutions to monitor and report on status and changes
related to food and nutrition security, agricultural practices and natural resources
management, including the impact of climate change mitigation and adaptation interventions,
with focus on the SDGs and on the need for disaggregated data by gender, vulnerability, etc.
IV. Implementation, monitoring and reporting arrangements
The estimated resource requirement for the implementation of the CPF is USD 3.6 million over three
years of which 400 000 are currently available. Approximately USD 500 000 are expected provided
through the TCP during the CPF period as outlined in Annex 3, leaving a funding gap of
USD 2.7 million. The fund raising to close this gap will focus primarily on multilateral donors such as
the GEF and the Green Climate Fund (GCF), and on South-South Cooperation.
The CPF will be implemented in the broadest possible partnerships and alignment with the joint
efforts of the Government of Maldives and its development partners for enhanced coordination and
aid effectiveness. The Government of Maldives and FAO look forward to the collaboration and
support from all concerned partners for successful implementation of the CPF.
The FAO Representation of Maldives, based in Sri Lanka, bears the main responsibility for the
planning and implementation of the CPF. An annual review of the implementation and any obstacles
will be undertaken at the end of each year. Given the short duration of the CPF, no mid-term
evaluation will be undertaken.
Major changes in the country context or priorities can be addressed by a revision of the CPF as and
when needed.
The Ministry of Fisheries and Agriculture on The Food and Agriculture Organization of the
behalf of the Government of Maldives United Nations
Signature: Signature:
Name: Dr. Mohamed Shainee Name: Nina Brandstrup
Title: Minister Title: FAO Representative in Maldives
Date: Date:
5Annexes:
Annex 1: CPF results and resource requirements matrix
Annex 2: UN-system linkage
Annex 3: TCP indicative pipeline
Annex 4: TCP General Provisions
6Annex 1: CPF Results and Resource Requirements for 2018 to 2020
Country outcome 1: Food production contributes to shared prosperity and household wellbeing.
Related UNDAF Outcome: Outcome 4 - Environment and climate change, Output 4.2
Regional Priority: Food security and nutrition; Inclusive value chain development, Food waste and loss, One Health and food safety
Indicative Resource Requirements (USD)
Resource mobilization target Implementing
Total partners
Output and indicator Indicator target by end-2020 estimated SSC or
(Government actors
Available funding Voluntary other
resources TCP and other)
required (Including UTF) Partner
-ships
100 000
3 activities supported by FAO to
Planning of
strengthen the technical and
urban food
managerial capacity of value chain
systems
actors, especially women and
Output 1.1.: Targeted stakeholders, including the private youth, building on lessons learnt (full TCP) Ministry of
sector, enabled to establish and encourage sustainable Fisheries and
from previous experiences and
and profitable food systems allowing producers, in including training of trainers and Agriculture,
50 000 Ministry of Health
particular women and youth, to produce and market expert consultations (e.g. urban 250 000
fresh, safe and nutritious foods for the local market, 1 000 000 IPM/GAP Male’ City Council
food systems planning, 1 500 000 GTFS/MDV/031/
urban areas and the tourism sector, taking account of hydroponics, IPM, GAP, organic SSC China (TCPF) WHO
SAU
climate change. agriculture, food safety, nutrition- Academic
sensitive agriculture) institutions
100 000
SDG Target 2.3; 5.7 Corporate output 4.3.1: Value chain
Improvement Private sector
actors equipped with technical and
of food
managerial capacities to develop
laboratory
inclusive, effective and sustainable
capacity
agriculture and food value chains
(full TCP)
Output 1.2.: Targeted stakeholders, in particular at the 2 activities to strengthen technical
institutional level, enabled to promote the diversification and managerial capacity of value
of the fisheries sector, to increase in-country processing chain actors, including capacity
and value-addition of fish and to support the sustainable development and technical
expansion of aquaculture. assistance relate to policy and
regulatory frameworks.
SDG Target: 2.3
7Corporate output 4.3.1: Value chain
actors equipped with technical and
managerial capacities to develop
inclusive, efficient and sustainable
agriculture, fisheries, aquaculture
and food chains.
Total resource requirements for Outcome 1 1 500 000 250 000 1 000 000 250 000
Additional considerations on FAO’s assistance:
8Country outcome 2: Rural livelihoods are more resilient to climate change, and the environment and natural resources are more sustainably
managed
Related UNDAF Outcome: Outcome 4 - Environment and climate change, Output 4.3
Regional Priority: Mitigation of and adaptation to climate change and environment management
Indicative Resource Requirements (USD)
Resource mobilization target Implementing
Total partners
Output and indicator Indicator target by end-2022 estimated SSC or
(Government actors
Available funding Voluntary other
resources TCP and other)
required (Incl. UTF) Partner
-ships
2 institutions receive FAO
capacity support to develop
actions, management plans or
Output 2.1: Targeted institutions are enabled to design investment plans for the 700 000
and implement investment plans, management plans implementation of policies and GCF Project
and activities that contribute to increase the resilience strategies to foster sustainable Preparation
of agriculture and fisheries dependent livelihoods to production and/or address Facility for
climate change and Ministry of
climate change and environmental degradation, to two full Fisheries and
environmental degradation. 50 000
protect the biodiversity, and to manage natural projects on Agriculture
(Ministry of Fisheries and 60 000 Reef
resources, in particular fisheries, in a sustainable Climate Smart
Agriculture, Extension services, 1 810 000 TCP/MDV/3601 fisheries Ministry of
manner. Agriculture
Island Councils) management Environment
and Climate
Proofing of plans Island Councils
Corporate output 2.3.2: Fisheries UNDP
Capacities of institutions
strengthened to implement
SDG target 12.2; 14.2; 14.4
policies and international 1 000 000
instruments that foster BOBLME II
sustainable production and
address climate change and
environmental degradation
Total resource requirements for Outcome 2 1 810 000 60 000 1 700 000 50 000
Additional considerations on FAO’s assistance:
9Country outcome 3: Increased capacity of concerned stakeholders to collect, analyse and utilize data and information
Related UNDAF Outcome: Outcome 4 - Environment and climate change, Output 4.1
Regional Priority: Data and analysis for decision making
Indicative Resource Requirements (USD)
Resource mobilization target Implementing
Total partners
Output and indicator Indicator target by end-2022 estimated SSC or
(Government actors
Available funding Voluntary (Incl. other
resources TCP and other)
required UTF) Partner
-ships
1 institution receives technical
assistance and training events from
FAO related to methods and tools
for data collection and analysis on Ministry of
Output 3.1: Increased capacity of targeted institutions to agricultural production, climate Fisheries and
monitor and report on status and changes related to change and environmental Agriculture
food and nutrition security, agriculture and natural 200 000
degradation for reporting and SDG Division of
resources, including the impact of climate change decision making (e.g. Ministry of 90 000 Support to
mitigation and adaptation interventions, with focus on the Ministry of
Fisheries and Agriculture, National MTF/RAS/372/ rural
the SDGs and on the need for disaggregated data by 290 000 statistics Environment
Bureau of Statistics) MUL
gender, vulnerability, etc. and SDG National Bureau
Corporate output 2.4.2: Capacities of Statistics
monitoring
of institutions are strengthened to
(TCP) Ministry of
collect, analyse and report data for
decision making on sustainable Environment
SDG Target 17.16; 17:17
production, nutrition, climate UNDP
change and environmental
degradation, including relevant
SDGs.
Total resource requirements for Outcome 3 290 000 90 000 200 000
Additional considerations on FAO’s assistance:
10Annex 2: UN-system linkage
The UNDAF 2016-2020 for Maldives is based on a Common Country Assessment undertaken in 2014.
The 2018-21 UNDAF is structured around 4 outcomes:
Outcome 1 – Youth and children access equitable, inclusive and quality social services, and have
increased opportunities for skills development
Outcome 2 – Gender equality advanced and women empowered to enjoy equal rights and
opportunities in access to social, economic and political opportunities
Outcome 3 – By 2020, citizen expectations for voice, sustainable development, the rule of law
and accountability are met by stronger systems of democratic governance
Outcome 4 – By 2020, growth and development are inclusive, sustainable, increase resilience to
climate changes and disasters, and contribute to enhanced food, energy and water security and
natural resources management.
Due to the absence of a permanent FAO presence in Maldives, the contribution of FAO to the UNDAF
preparation was limited. However, the UNDAF foresees FAO participation in the achievement of
Outcome 4 and while not ignoring the other outcomes, the CPF focuses on that outcome.
With Maldives being a higher middle-income country, the role of FAO, and the broader UN, in field
activities and service delivery is shrinking. However, the UN retains a role in building the capacity of
decision makers and service providers and in promoting the implementation of international
standards and instruments. FAO will work collaboratively with other UN agencies in areas of
common concerns.
11Annex 3: TCP Indicative Pipeline
Country Maldives
CPF implementation cycle Start: Year 2018 Month 1 End: Year 2020 Month 12
Time frame for the Indicative TCP pipeline Start: Year 2018 Month 1 End: Year 2020 Month 12
TCP contribution to CPF result – Title or Thematic Indicative
Indicative resource
Area biennium for Implementing Government
Ref. to CPF priority and output* requirements/
resource institution/partner
(TCP and TCP facility) range (US$)
allocation
Country Outcome 1: Food production contributes to shared prosperity and household wellbeing
Output 1.1: Targeted stakeholders, including the private sector,
enabled to encourage sustainable and profitable food systems Urban food systems planning (TCP) 2018-19 100 000 Ministry of Fisheries and
allowing producers, in particular women and youth, to produce and IPM/GAP, analysis of pesticide (TCPF) 2020-21 50 000 Agriculture
market fresh, safe and nutritious foods for the local market, urban Food safety, improvement of laboratory capacity (TCP) 2020-21 100 000 Ministry of Health
areas and the tourism sector, taking account of climate change.
Country outcome 2
Output 2.1: Targeted institutions are enabled to design and
implement investment plans, management plans and activities that
contribute to increase the resilience of agriculture and fisheries Support to development of reef fisheries management Ministry of Fisheries and
2018-19 50 000
dependent livelihoods to climate change and environmental plans (TCPF) Agriculture
degradation, to protect biodiversity, and to manage natural
resources, in particular fisheries, in a sustainable manner.
Country Outcome 3:
Output 3.1: Increased capacity of targeted institutions to monitor
and report on status and changes related to food and nutrition
security, agriculture and natural resources, including the impact of
Support to rural statistics and SDG monitoring (TCP) 2018-19 200 000 National Bureau of Statistics
climate change mitigation and adaptation interventions, with focus
on the SDGs and on the need for disaggregated data by gender,
vulnerability, etc.
12You can also read
