CropWatch Pro User Manual - PRODUCED BY CROPWATCH TEAM V 20200804 2020 - United Nations ESCAP
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2020 CropWatch Pro User Manual PRODUCED BY CROPWATCH TEAM V 20200804
Contents
1. CropWatch Pro ....................................................................................................................... 2
1.1. CropWatch processing levels ........................................................................................... 2
1.2. The CropWatch Indicators................................................................................................ 2
1.3. CropWatch Indicators Processing..................................................................................... 5
1.3.1. System registration .................................................................................................... 5
1.3.2. System login .............................................................................................................. 5
1.3.3. System Management.................................................................................................. 6
1.3.4. Agro-climatic Indices: includes three indices ............................................................ 8
1.3.5. Data composition ....................................................................................................... 9
1.3.6. Crop condition ......................................................................................................... 10
1.4. Thematic map for country analysis (for every CropWatch Bulletin analyst) ................. 11
1.4.1. NDVI profile ........................................................................................................... 12
1.4.2. Rainfall profile......................................................................................................... 15
1.4.3. Temperature profile ................................................................................................. 15
1.4.4. VCIx ........................................................................................................................ 16
1.4.5. NDVI departure clustering ...................................................................................... 17
1.4.6. Proportion of NDVI anomaly categories compared with 5YA ................................ 17
1.4.7. Potential Biomass Departure ................................................................................... 18
1. CropWatch Pro
In this document, all components of “CropWatch Pro” and how to process all CropWatch indictors,
at different scales, have been introduced to help the users to produce the thematic maps, graphs, and
statistics needed for CropWatch analysis.
1.1. CropWatch processing levels
All CropWatch indicators can be processed and generated at four different levels:
a) Global level
b) Major production zones (MPZs) level: includes West Africa, North America, South America,
South and Southeast Asia, Western Europe, Central Europe to Western Russia.
c) National level: All indicators for 173 countries/regions, and production estimation for 42 key
countries
d) Subnational level: Agro-ecological zones for 43 key countries and provincial/state level for all
173 countries/regions
1.2. The CropWatch Indicators
CropWatch indicators The CropWatch indicators are designed to assess the condition of crops
and the environment in which they grow and develop; the indicators—RAIN (for rainfall),
TEMP (temperature), and RADPAR (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR)—are not
identical to the weather variables, but instead are value-added indicators computed only over
crop growing areas (thus for example excluding deserts and rangelands) and spatially weighted
according to the agricultural production potential, with marginal areas receiving less weight
than productive ones.
The indicators are expressed using the usual physical units (e.g., mm for rainfall) and were
thoroughly tested for their coherence over space and time. CWSU are the CropWatch Spatial
Units, including MRUs, MPZ, and countries (including first-level administrative districts in
select large countries). For all indicators, high values indicate "good" or "positive."
Biomass accumulation potential (BIOMSS)
Biomass is presented as maps by pixels, maps
An estimate of biomass that could showing average pixels values over CropWatch
potentially be accumulated over the spatial units (CWSU), or tables giving average values
reference period given the prevailing for the CWSU. Values are compared to the average
rainfall and temperature conditions. value for the last 15 years, with
departures expressed in percentage.
Cropped arable land and cropped arable land fraction (CALF)
The area of cropped arable land as The value shown in tables is the maximum value of
fraction of total (cropped and the 8 values available for each pixel; maps show an
uncropped) arable land. Whether a area as cropped if at least one of the 8 observations
pixel is cropped or not is decided is categorized as "cropped." Uncropped means that
based on NDVI twice a month. (For no crops were detected over the whole reporting
each four-month reporting period, period. Values are compared to the average value
each pixel thus has 8 cropped/ for the last five years (2012-2016), with departures
uncropped values). expressed in percentage.
Cropping intensity Index
Cropping intensity index describes the Cropping intensity is presented as maps by pixels
extent to which arable land is used over or spatial average pixels values for MPZs, 43
a year. It is the ratio of the total crop countries, and 7 regions for China. Values are
area of all planting seasons in a year to compared to the average of the previous five
the total area of arable land. years, with departures expressed in percentage.
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
NDVI is shown as average profiles over time at
the national level (cropland only) in crop
condition development graphs, compared with
An estimate of the density of living previous year and recent five-year average, and as
green biomass. spatial patterns compared to the
average showing the time profiles, where they
occur, and the percentage of pixels concerned by
each profile.
CropWatch indicator for Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), based on pixel-based PAR
(RADPAR)
The spatial average (for a CWSU) of RADPAR is shown as the percent departure of the
PAR accumulation over agricultural RADPAR value for the reporting period compared
pixels, weighted by the production to the recent fifteen-year average
CropWatch indicator for rainfall, based on pixel-based rainfall (RAIN)
RAIN is shown as the percent departure of the
RAIN value for the reporting period, compared to
The spatial average (for a CWSU) of
the recent fifteen-year average, per
rainfall accumulation over agricultural
CWSU. For the MPZs, regular rainfall is shown as
pixels, weighted by the production
typical time profiles over the spatial unit, with a
potential.
map showing where the profiles occur and the
percentage of pixels concerned by each profile.
CropWatch indicator for air temperature, based on pixel-based temperature (TEMP)
TEMP is shown as the departure of the average
TEMP value (in degrees Centigrade) over the
The spatial average (for a CWSU) of the reporting period compared with the average of
temperature time average over the recent fifteen years, per CWSU. For the MPZs,
agricultural pixels, weighted by the regular temperature is illustrated as
production potential. typical time profiles over the spatial unit, with a
map showing where the profiles occur and the
percentage of pixels concerned by each profile.
Maximum vegetation condition index (VCIx)
Vegetation condition of the current VCIx is based on NDVI and two VCI values are
season compared with historical data. computed every month. VCIx is the highest VCI
Values usually are [0,1], where 0 is value recorded for every pixel over the reporting
"NDVI as bad as the worst recent year" period. A low value of VCIx means that no VCI
and 1 is "NDVI as good as the best value was high over the reporting period. A high
recent year." Values can exceed the value means that at least one VCI value was high.
range if the current year is the best or VCI is shown as pixel-based maps and as average
the worst. value by CWSU.
Vegetation health index (VHI)
The average of VCI and the
temperature condition index (TCI), with
Low VHI values indicate unusually poor crop
TCI defined like VCI but for
condition, but high values, when due to low
temperature. VHI is based on the
temperature, may be difficult to interpret. VHI is
assumption that "high temperature is
shown as typical time profiles over Major
bad" (due to moisture stress), but
Production Zones (MPZ), where they occur, and
ignores the fact that low temperature
the percentage of pixels concerned by each
may be equally "bad" (crops develop
profile.
and grow slowly, or even suffer from
frost).
Minimum Vegetation health index (VHIn)
VHIn is the lowest VHI value for every Low VHIn values indicate the occurrence of water
pixel over the reporting period. Values stress in the monitoring period, often combined
usually are [0, 100]. Normally, values with lower than average rainfall. The spatial/time
lower than 35 indicate poor crop resolution of CropWatch VHIn is 16km/week for
condition. MPZs and 1km/dekad fo
Leaf Area Index (LAI)
LAI is an important structural property of
It is defined as the one-sided green leaf area per
vegetation. Leaf surfaces are the primary controller
unit ground surface area (LAI = leaf area / of energy and mass exchange, important processes
ground area, m2 / m2). LAI ranges from 0 (bare such as canopy interception, evapotranspiration,
ground) to over 10 (dense conifer forests).and gross photosynthesis. The higher the LAI value,
the higher the final yield.
Fractional of Absorbed Photosysthetic Radiation (fAPAR)
FAPAR is the fraction of the incoming solar
radiation in the Photosynthetically Active
FAPAR is directly related to the primary
Radiation spectral region that is absorbed by a
productivity and can also be used as an indicator of
photosynthetic organism, typically describing
the state and evolution of the vegetation cover
the light absorption across an integrated plant
canopy.
Evaportransperation (ET)
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of Evapotranspiration is a significant water loss. Types
evaporation and plant transpiration from the of vegetation and land use significantly affect
Earth's land and ocean surface to the evapotranspiration, and therefore the amount of
atmosphere. water leaving the ground to the atmosphere.
Normalized Difference of Water Index
(NDWI)
NDWIs sensitive to changes in vegetation
canopy water content. It is computed using the
The Normalized Difference Water Index
near infrared (NIR) and the short-wave infrared
(NDWI) is a remote sensing derived index
estimating the leaf water content at canopy level. (SWIR) reflectance’s. The value of this index
ranges from -1 to 1. The common range for
green vegetation is 0.02 to 0.6.
1.3. CropWatch Indicators Processing
1.3.1. System registration
First, you need to have an account to log into the CropWatch Cloud website
(http://cloud.cropwatch.com.cn/) to start producing different CropWatch Indicators. In case you
don’t have an account, try to register via http://cloud.cropwatch.com.cn/user/register and send an
email to cropwatch@radi.ac.cn. Remember to copy to zhangmiao@radi.ac.cn
After type in your user name, email address and set your password as left graph, click the green
button to finish the registration
!!Do remember your username!!
1.3.2. System login
After you successfully registered and activate your account, please login via CropWatch Cloud
website (http://cloud.cropwatch.com.cn/).
After login, please use ‘CropWatch Pro’ Component (blue box below)
By clicking on one of CropWatch components (e.g. Rainfall index), the page of defining the parameters for processing this component is opened with side Menu showing again all CropWatch components for easy reaching. 1.3.3. System Management For the users who login for the first time, you may define the system interface according to your own interests. After clicking CropWatch Pro component, there will be a popup window to ask
you to configurate your own interface. Following the steps in the below photo to finish the
configuration.
In case you close this popup and did not submit configuration request, just refresh the page and
this popup will show again.
If you already finish the configuration some time ago, but you want to redo the configuration.
Just click on your user name on right top corner of the website and select My Profile option, you
will be able to see the may profile page as follows. You can change the settings according to
your own perferance.
1. Define the language
2. 2.Define the region of interest
3. Define the name of region of
interest
4. Give a name for your system
1.3.4. Agro-climatic Indices: includes three indices 1.3.4.1. Rainfall Index 1.3.4.2. Temperature Index 1.3.4.3. Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) Index
1.3.5. Data composition 1.3.5.1. Agroclimatic index composite To process the Agroclimatic index composite, follow the link: 1.3.5.2. Biomass To process the Biomass composite, follow the link:
1.3.6. Crop condition 1.3.6.1. Crop Condition based on NDVI anomaly To process the Crop Condition based on NDVI anomaly, follow the link: 1.3.6.2. Crop Condition Classification To process the Crop Condition Classification, follow the link:
1.3.6.3. Crop condition clustering To process the Crop condition clustering, follow the link: 1.4. Thematic map for country analysis (for every CropWatch Bulletin analyst) After approved by the super admin, you are able to access ‘CropWatch Pro’ from home page of cloud.cropwatch.com.cn.
The ‘Thematic Map’ component is most commonly used to produce the maps for the analysis. Country analysis (analysis focusing on recent four months, 2020 April to July for August Bulletin) For each country, several national maps will be produced for each country by the authors: 1.4.1. Phenology graph of major crops Type of Map: Phenology map Region name: Each country analyzer will select the one you are responsible for; Set the Starting Month and End Month according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests.
1.4.2. NDVI profile For each country, the country analysts shall produce both country profiles and profiles for each AEZs . Type of Map: NDVI profiles Type: NDVI； Region Type: Countries Region name: Region name can be changed to other key country Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Crop Type: All crop (or you could select rice or other major crops) Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin, NDVI profile should also be produced for AEZs for each country, however for those AEZs with few agriculture outputs, you can ignore them.
NOTE: Subnational NDVI profiles are mandatory; If abnormal pattern happens in some subnational regions, rainfall or temperature profiles can also be added; Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Type: NDVI； Region Type: Countries Region name: Region name can be changed to other key country Subregion of key countries: AEZs can be chosen in specific country Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin, All the profiles (NDVI profiles, rainfall profiles and temperature profiles) should be stored into database manually (See the graph below). Users can also download the map to local disk.
1.4.3. Rainfall profile For each country, the country analysts shall produce national rainfall profiles. Rainfall profiles for AEZs is optional. Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Crop type: All crops； Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin, 1.4.4. Temperature profile For each country, the country analysts shall produce national temperature profiles. Temperature profiles for AEZs is optional. Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Crop type: All crops； Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin,
1.4.5. VCIx Settings are as follows: Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin,
1.4.6. NDVI departure clustering Settings are as follows: Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Calculate type: Departure; Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin, Each country analyzer will select the one you are responsible for. 1.4.7. Proportion of NDVI anomaly categories compared with 5YA Settings are as follows: Type of Map: Crop Condition Classification Type: NDVI Region type: Country Region name: Each country analyzer will select the one you are responsible for; Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Calculate type: Departure; Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin,
1.4.8. Potential Biomass Departure Settings are as follows: Type of Map: Raster Type: Biomass departure Region type: Country Region name: Each country analyzer will select the one you are responsible for; Set the Starting time and End time according to the crop calendar of the current season in your country or region of interests. Bulletin: could be set to 1, 2, 3, or 4 depending on the time of the bulletin. Set to 1 when working for February Bulletin, Set to 2 when working for May Bulletin, Set to 3 when working for August Bulletin, Set to 4 when working for November Bulletin,
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