Grape expectations: up and down - GROWING FORWARD - Grower
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OCTOBER 2020 CELEBRATING 141 YEARS AS CANADA’S PREMIER HORTICULTURAL PUBLICATION THEGROWER.ORG
GROWING FORWARD
Grape expectations: up and down
After 45 years of farming, it’s safe to say 2020 has been a year like no other for Ernie Wiens. Due to scant rainfall and high temperatures, grape tonnage volumes are expected to be
down by 20 per cent. Barring any weather surprises, he expects quality will be “exceptional.” He’s poised to take a brix test of Chardonnay grapes, one of many varieties grown at the
family’s 400 acres of vineyards near Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. Photos by Glenn Lowson.
down about 20 per cent,” says Wiens. access to qualified labour are driving What has changed during the summer
KAREN DAVIDSON Wiens and his three sons – James, grape growers to mechanize where months is how Lakeview Vineyard
Daniel and Tim – have adjusted to a possible. Equipment is servicing new customers.
The Old Farmer’s Almanac adroitly business environment with fewer “Labour is an ongoing global issue,” Pillitteri explains that they are taking
predicted a hot, dry summer for eastern workers. There is no alternative for hand says Joe Pillitteri, owner of Lakeview videos of specific environments so that
Canada but failed to forecast a once-in-a- pruning or tying vines in the spring, so Vineyard Equipment, Niagara-on-the- there’s a record of how machines
century phenomenon: a global already, applications have been filed for Lake, Ontario. “Growers are looking at perform by grape varietal, trellis type,
pandemic. No matter, says Ernie Wiens 24 seasonal workers in 2021 with the the costs of production per tonne and per crop load and weather conditions.
who’s taking baseline brix tests in his assumption that a 14-day quarantine will acre. And they’re pushing towards more “There is no blanket approach when
400 acres of Niagara-on-the-Lake, be required. He is thankful for mechanization.” it comes to grapes,” says Pillitteri.
Ontario vineyards. This is his 45th year government funding so far that has The newest technology in Gregoire Videos as well as invitation-only
of growing grapes and he has yet to see supported housing and personal grape harvesters, for example, offers demonstrations are the new way of
one year mimic another. protective equipment. on-board sorting and weighing and on- technology transfer. These are intimate
“The quality is expected to be As of October 1, 2020, Ontario’s the-go, yield-mapping technology. Like gatherings of six to 10 qualified buyers –
exceptional, but with many days of plus minimum wage rises to $14.25 per hour. grain harvesters, these machines offer no entertainment on offer.
30°C temperatures, volumes will be Ever-rising labour costs and uncertain live read-outs on yield in the field. Continued on page 3
Farmland values up a bit PG 5 Retailer bullying PG 8 Storage, containers & packaging PG 12
Volume 70 Number 10 P.M. 40012319 $3.00 CDN @growernews
PAGE 2 –– OCTOBER 2020
tHE GROWER
At PRESS tIME… NEWSMAKERS
Wage rates increase Minimum wage rates from the highest to the lowest Congratulations to Mike Ecker,
president of the Vineland Growers’
Minimum wage Co-operative, based in Jordan
On October 1, wage rates go Province Effective date
rate/hr Station, Ontario. He’s the 2020
up in four provinces. Employers
Lifetime Achievement Award
in Newfoundland, Ontario, Alberta $15.00 October 1, 2018
winner honoured by the Canadian
Manitoba and Saskatchewan British Columbia $14.60 June 1, 2020 Produce Marketing Association.
must pay increases in minimum
Ontario $14.25 October 1, 2020 His entire 45-year career has been
wage rates.
pledged to the longest continually
Quebec $13.10 May 1, 2020
running co-operative in Ontario. In
Prince Edward Island $12.85 April 1, 2020 his role, he manages relationships
Nova Scotia $12.55 April 1, 2020 with more than 300 grower
members and has inspired many
Newfoundland $12.15 October 1, 2020
marketing innovations of tender
Manitoba $11.90 October 1, 2020 fruit, and more recently, apples to
New Brunswick $11.70 April 1, 2020 retail chains.
Saskatchewan $11.45 October 1, 2020
Erin O’Toole, the new leader of the federal Conservative party,
has named his shadow cabinet. Ontario MP Lianne Rood
Dec 15 is registry
(Lambton-Kent-Middlesex) becomes shadow minister for
agriculture and agri-food. She grew up on a vegetable farm near
deadline for BC
registration requirement for employers who mistreat workers Grand Bend, and still grows potatoes today. Peter Kent
employers will help ensure and level the playing field for
employers of seasonal
(Thornhill) becomes shadow minister for employment, workforce
foreign workers are fairly law-abiding employers. development and disability inclusion. Raquel Dancho
workers
treated.” With this new process, BC (Kildonan-St. Paul Manitoba) is responsible for following the file
This employer registry is the joins the provinces of Manitoba, on immigration, refugees and citizenship. James Cumming
final step in implementing the Saskatchewan and Nova Scotia (Edmonton Centre, Alberta) will be shadowing innovation,
Temporary Foreign Worker that have registration require- science and industry. Luc Berthold (Mégantic-L’Érable, Quebec)
Managing the arrival and Protection Act, passed in fall ments for employers of foreign is on the treasury board file.
housing of foreign workers has 2018. Last year, B.C. workers.
been challenging in British established a licensing The Mexican consulate in Bill George Jr, chair of the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’
Columbia in the era of COVID- requirement for recruiters of Vancouver anticipates that Association, becomes chair of Ontario’s President’s Council,
19. Looking ahead to next year, foreign workers and launched 6,000 workers will have worked effective October 1. The position is a one-year term with the
BC’s ministry of labour has the recruiter registry. in the province by the end of option for re-election. Formed in 2004, the President’s Council
announced that all employers of Approximately 150 recruiters in the year. is a venue for the chairs and presidents of Ontario’s agricultural
foreign workers must register B.C. are licensed and in good A difficult year will be organizations to discuss the broad issues and challenges facing
with the government by standing. capped by an unexpected the provincial sector. Membership currently represents 43
December 15, 2020. These actions, like the provincial election called for Ontario agricultural groups, the most recent addition being the
“Temporary foreign workers Temporary Foreign Worker October 24. The minority NDP Berry Growers of Ontario.
are integral to our agricultural Protection Act, the recruiter government led by John Horgan
sector and B.C. relies on them registry and the employer will face voters on how his The Ontario Food Terminal has two new appointees to its board.
for important jobs like registry provide transparency government has managed the Christy McMullen, co-owner Summerhill Market and a former
harvesting the crops we depend into recruiting, hiring and pandemic. chair of the Canadian Federation of Independent Grocers, has
on for our daily meals and to employing foreign nationals. been appointed vice-chair. She replaces outgoing Mark Pearlman.
build our province’s food These changes strengthen the John Den Boer, an Otterville grower and president of the
security,” said Lana Popham, protections government has put Toronto Farmers’ Association, becomes a new director. He
agriculture minister. “The new in place, make it easier to find replaces Margaret Appleby. The terms are for three years. Ken
Knox resigned his role as chair on August 31, several months
short of the expiry of his term on January 16, 2021.
Dr. Nancy Tout, most recently head of research and
development, Syngenta Canada has left after a 21-year career.
She is taking on the role of interim executive director at
AgScapeOntario.
The Ontario Produce Marketing Association elected two new
board members at its September 2 virtual annual general
meeting. Elected for three-year terms are Fiona McLean,
marketing manager at Del Fresco Produce and Michael Wexler,
sales representative at the Oppenheimer Group. Houman
Madani, Metro Ontario Inc., remains chair of the board.
Congrats to Dr. Jim Willwerth on his new position at Brock
University. He has joined the faculty of mathematics and science
as an assistant professor, specializing in grapevine physiology.
While he’s no longer working with the Cool Climate Oenology
and Viticulture Institute, he will continue with his critical
research in grapevine cold hardiness.
Best wishes to Amanda Green, OMAFRA tree fruit specialist,
who left her position in early September. Since July 2015, she
made many contributions to the Ontario apple industry on labour
efficiency, podcasts and other outreach programs. For the next
six months, Cassandra Russell will be acting tree fruit specialist
while a permanent replacement is found.
St. David’s grape grower John Fedorkow has graciously accepted
a second year as Grape King due to the pandemic. The Grape
Growers of Ontario have held the ceremony since 1956.
Jan VanderHout is the new chair of Ontario’s ECO-Ag coalition.
He is a past chair of the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’
Association. The initiative has been on hold since COVID-19.
OCTOBER 2020 –– PAGE 3
tHE GROWER
COVER StORy
Grape expectations:
up and down
Growth in Ontario sales rolling 13 periods to June 20, 2020
“
Growers are looking at the costs of production per tonne and per acre.
And they’re pushing towards more mechanization.”
~ JOE PILLIttERI, OWNER OF LAKEVIEW VINEyARD
EquIPMENt AND SuPPLIER tO WIENS VINEyARDS.
“
This is the first quarter (Q1) report for the 2020-2021 fiscal year
end. All statistics are reported for the 12 months (13 rolling
periods) ending June 20, 2020, unless otherwise noted.
Total sales of wine in Ontario, including imports increased +3.8%
in volume (litres) and increased at +4.2% in value (dol- lars) in the
rolling 13 periods.
VQA sales were down -1.5% by volume and -1.0% in value.
Non-VQA/IDB sales are up +5.1% in volume (litres) and value
(dollars).
Quarter 1 is from April 1 to June 20, 2020 and includes the COVID
lock-down. Wine sales overall are up +5.1% litres with non-
VQA/IDB leading the way at +18.4%, imports are down -0.7% and
VQA -6.5% in litres.
workers and 50 domestic
Continued from page 1 workers. During the chaotic
COVID-spring, his team
Lakeview Vineyard created family units, keeping
Equipment has had an workers separate in housing and
extremely busy summer, says physically distanced in Brothers Tim and Daniel Wiens operate twin grape harvesters in this Chardonnay block.
Pillitteri who has logged vineyards.
thousands of kilometres visiting “One thing I learned from buy local. The caveat is that jurisdictions. Australia, for Bets are that he’s referring to
customers on both Canadian our Mexican workers was how premium reserve varietals and example, sells $176 million more than the weather
and American sides of the sensitive they were to the ice wine are not enjoying the worth of wine to Canada every specifically but also the
border. So busy, in fact, that negative publicity in main- same level of devotion. In fact, year, but accused British business climate generally.
he’s looking to hire service stream media about COVID wineries have cancelled orders Columbia and Ontario
technicians. outbreaks amongst seasonal for the ice wine harvest for governments of favouring local The Grower goes “Behind the
His customer Ernie Wiens workers,” recounts 2020/2021. wines through licensed grocers. Scenes” with Joe Pillitteri,
totally understands that Oppenlaender. “They highly Most of these issues were Its World Trade Organization Lakeview Vineyard Equipment,
equipment breakdowns require value and cherish their work crystallized in the fifth year of a challenge was partially resolved for his experience in servicing
parts from out-of-country and contributions to the benchmarking study conducted this past summer when the the grape sector and how
suppliers. That’s why Wiens is community. They felt blamed.” by VQA and Deloitte. Released Canadian government technology transfer is changing
evaluating improvements and The pandemic revealed in March 2020, the Ontario announced a repeal of the in the short term. This series is
upgrades to equipment for the other fault lines. With the Wine and Grape Industry current excise tax of $0.665 per sponsored by BASF Agricultural
2021 season because some collapse of international tourism Performance Study reported litre on any wine that has as Solutions.
factories are behind in and in-house tastings, wineries that the province’s 500 growers little as one per cent of its juice
production. have turned to the domestic had five major challenges: rising from foreign grapes. All the
All of this to say that growers market. For those wineries costs of inputs/labour/land; more reason for Canadian wines
are facing hitches in both without an online presence and grape pricing; access to to be derived from 100% locally
mechanical and hand labour. No pre-COVID database of loyal virus-free grape vines; grown grapes when that tax
one understands that customers, it’s been a struggle. government regulations and cost structure changes in June, 2022.
conundrum better than But for those wineries which of compliance; and lack of As a seasoned hand in the
Matthias Oppenlaender, chair, could reallocate resources to long-term grape contracts. grape business, Ernie Wiens
Grape Growers of Ontario. He fulfilling online orders, the It’s certain that these issues dips his refractometer into a bin
manages 250 acres of his own results have been heartwarming. will dominate in the years of Chardonnay grapes. It’s from
Huebel Estates vineyards with During the COVID ahead, as the grape sector the first row of a block that’s
mechanical harvesters and does lockdown, Ontario wine sales grapples with a quickly just been opened up. He’s an
custom work for another 500 were up 5.1 per cent in volume changing business environment optimist by nature, but says,
acres – a size that employs 10 and value. Consumers have domestically along with the “There’s still a lot of weather
full-time workers, 23 seasonal demonstrated a willingness to buffeting winds of foreign ahead of us.”
PAGE 4 –– OCTOBER 2020
tHE GROWER
CROSS COuNtRy DIGESt
BRItISH COLuMBIA
BC tree fruit growers need pickers
British Columbia’s cherry the situation, only 6,400 begin picking as soon as apples
season was tough due to a temporary foreign workers and pears are ready. With less
dearth of workers. That same arrived in the province from labour, there won’t be much
scenario is playing out for the Mexico and the Caribbean this opportunity to catch up on s
apple industry in the Okanagan year compared to about 10,000 a econd picks as each variety
Valley. year ago. matures.
The Kelowna Daily Courier The BC Tree Fruits “Overall, apple tonnage is in
reports that challenges are Cooperative has 350 grower a good spot, though the average
ongoing for the valuable apple members, explains Laurel Van size of each piece of fruit looks
sector which harvested 104,000 Dam, director of sales. “Each to be smaller than normal
tonnes a year ago. Traditionally, farm employs their own labour, years,” adds Van Dam.
about 1,500 to 2,000 young so it’s hard to say how short
Quebeckers journey to the things are. Some farms are Source: Kelowna Daily Courier
picturesque area each year, but better off than others.” September 2, 2020
only about half that number The cooperative is
came in 2020. Compounding encouraging its members to
NEW BRuNSWICK
New Brunswick farmers oppose proposed
ban on glyphosate
In advance of the New crown land. The sector has a (PMRA), along with other
Brunswick September 14 farmgate value of more than $38 regulatory authorities such as
election, the Agricultural million and supports 700 jobs in the U.S. Environmental
Alliance of New Brunswick the province. Protection Agency, the
(AANB) stated that it supports AANB also buttressed that European Food Safety
the science behind responsible position, opposing the Liberal Authority have all thoroughly
glyphosate use. There are 200 party, Green party, and People’s studied glyphosate and come to
wild blueberry growers, for Alliance of NB’s stance on the same conclusion: glyphosate
example, who need the banning glyphosate usage. use does not increase cancer
herbicide. Future restrictions on use of the risk, when used according to
In a September 2 news herbicide had appeared in label specifications.
release of the Bluets New campaign literature. “We urge government to use
Brunswick Blueberries, chair An AANB September 2 news a science-based decision
René Chiasson said that a ban release stated: If the next elect- approach when considering any
on the use of glyphosate on ed government takes the course changes to the use of glyphosate
crown land and eventually the toward banning glyphosate, this in the province,” wrote Lisa labelling. Conservative majority
entire province would greatly decision will deeply affect a Ashworth, president, AANB. For farmers to remain government in place for four
harm the wild blueberry wide variety of New Brunswick She noted that any individual competitive in the world market years, we are looking forward to
industry which uses the farmers who grow crops such as handling a non-domestic and support the local economy, working on many of the issues
herbicide to manage production. fruits, vegetables, cereals, pulse, pesticide must obtain a Ashworth said that access is brought forth by our member-
To add context, Chiasson corn, canola and soybeans. Pesticide Applicator Certificate needed for the most effective ship,” says Lisa Ashworth,
explained that in 2019, about Products such as glyphosate through a comprehensive course tools to manage weed, insect, executive director, AANB.
35,000 acres of New Brunswick are some of the most important and exam that covers pesticide and disease problems that can
land was used to grow wild and safest tools available to legislation, pest management, threaten the quality, value, and Source: Bluets NB Blueberries/
blueberries of which 24,000 growers today for crop environmental impacts, quantity of crops. Agricultural Alliance of New
acres are on crown land. Most of management. The Canadian application technology, safety, “Now that the election is Brunswick September 2, 2020 news
the sector’s expansion is on Pest Management Regulatory emergency responses and done and we have a release
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Cavendish Farms has opened new research
centre in New Annan
Cavendish Farms’ new The new research facility continue to grow high-quality
Research Centre in New will have six state-of-the-art products that Prince Edward
Annan, Prince Edward Island, greenhouses and will allow Island is known for. I commend
officially opened September 17 Cavendish Farms to conduct Cavendish Farms for not only
with the province’s premier, important research year-round. working with Island farmers
Dennis King, in attendance. Different lines of potatoes with towards a common goal, but for
The $12.5 million facility is a promising traits such as superior also taking on a project that
commitment to the long-term yields, size characteristics, and a brings jobs to the agriculture
sustainability of the potato reduced environmental foot- industry and contributes to the
industry. print specific to soil, climatic Island economy,” said Premier crops at risk. The Cavendish “Cavendish Farms’ investment
“This is another step to help and seasonal conditions on Dennis King. Farms Research Centre will in this important research will
support potato growers and the Prince Edward Island will be As witnessed over the last study different potato varieties. benefit all potato growers and
potato industry on the Island,” evaluated. several summers, the growing The Plant Breeding Program the entire industry. It will help
said Robert K. Irving, president “Island farmers and season is changing with hotter will cross various combinations ensure the sustainability of our
of Cavendish Farms. “Our goal producers have always been at temperatures and less to breed and select a variety potato crops,” said Greg
is to help address the specific the forefront of innovation and precipitation at critical times. that is suitable to the Donald, general manager of the
challenges faced by growers research, developing new This is a real challenge for PEI challenging conditions currently Prince Edward Island Potato
here on Prince Edward Island.” practices to ensure they can growers and places the potato faced on PEI. Board.
OCTOBER 2020 –– PAGE 5
tHE GROWER
CROSS COuNtRy DIGESt
CANADA
Farmland values increase modestly
“
Given the global economic situation during the first half of 2020, Canada’s
farmland market is showing remarkable resilience in the face of adversity and
uncertain times.
~ J.P. GERVAIS
“
Average farmland values in agricultural economist. exception being New
Average increase in farmland values
Canada are once again showing “Changes to production and Brunswick.
modest increases for the first marketing plans induced by the Low interest rates, the
half of 2020, although the full pandemic have had a definite limited supply of farmland in
impact of the COVID-19 influence on profitability, yet the market and confidence
pandemic has yet to be the demand for farmland among producers in the January 2020 - July 2019 - January 2019 -
weighed, according to Farm remained robust.” farmland market appear to be June 2020 June 2020 December 2019
Credit Canada. FCC’s review showed lower the main drivers behind the (six months) (12 months) (12 months)
The national average for 12-month increases in average 2020 mid-year increase.
farmland values increased an farmland values for most Farm operators should BC 3.0% 3.2% 5.4%
average of 3.7 per cent for the provinces over the last 12 continue to exercise caution, AB 4.9% 8.5% 3.3%
first half this year. This increase months compared to last year’s says Gervais, especially in
SK 4.2% 7.9% 6.2%
is in line with mid-year results average, with the exception regions where the growth rate
over the past five years, which being in Alberta (8.5 per cent of farmland values significantly MN 2.3% 3.6% 4.0%
showed single-digit increases compared to 3.3 per cent) and exceeded that of farm income ON 0.4% 3.7% 6.7%
for the full year. Saskatchewan (7.9 per cent in recent years. He also QC 2.6% 6.3% 6.4%
“Given the global economic compared to 6.2 per cent). In recommends operators maintain
situation during the first half of general, the pace of farmland a risk management plan to NB 6.5% 8.3% 17.2%
2020, Canada’s farmland market value increases over the past six protect their business from NS 0.0% 0.3% 1.2%
is showing remarkable months was slightly higher in unpredictable circumstances. PEI 0.4% 22.1% 22.6%
resilience in the face of western provinces and slightly
NL N/A N/A N/A
adversity and uncertain times,” lower in central and eastern Source: Farm Credit Canada
said J.P. Gervais, FCC’s chief parts of the country, with the September 14, 2020 news release Canada 3.7% 7.1% 5.2%
CANADA
Processing potato crop could be smallest since 2011
As of September 21, the processing.
Canadian potato crop is in Table production is
varying stages of growth and/or prominent in the four eastern
harvest says Kevin MacIsaac, provinces of Canada. Promising
general manager of the United crops in the central region of
Potato Growers of Canada. He Quebec and Ontario will not
reports that the production likely be able to cover off the
outlook is mixed after parts of expected decreases out of
eastern Canada experienced Prince Edward Island and New
one of their driest seasons on Brunswick.
record while growers in western Processors also will likely see
Canada work feverishly to tightened supply to meet their
harvest their crop. needs of recently expanded
Based on current plants in Alberta and Manitoba,
information, it is expected that with an overall crop projected
Canadian production could be to be one of the lowest going
off by at least six million back to 2011. In addition, fryers
hundred weight. If yields do were already playing catch up
not continue to add weight in to a market demand radically
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late-maturing varieties and the reduced by COVID-19 in the W W
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8,500,000 hundred weight summer. Unfortunately, this
below last year’s crop. These occurred after raw product had
estimates assume and hope that moved to other channels and
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Nothing is for certain until Paul Banks Alexandre Bisson Laura Caralampides Leah Erickson Rob Hovius Marc André Laberge Henry Zomer Bridget Visser
the last potato is in the bin, Source: United Potato Growers of ON, NS QC QC, ON AB, BC ON, PEI, NB QC ON, MB, SK ON, MB
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sectors of the industry
representing table and
PAGE 6 –– OCTOBER 2020
tHE GROWER
ONtARIO FRuIt AND VEGEtABLE GROWERS’ ASSOCIAtION
Ontario’s Farm Products
Containers Act benefits the
fruit and vegetable industry
OFVGA to advocate for the
DAN TUKENDORF industry in several key areas
such as crop protection, safety
The Ontario Farm Products net programs and labour to
Containers Act (FPCA) is ensure farmers have the tools
managed by the Ontario Fruit and programs they need to
and Vegetable Growers’ remain competitive and
Association (OFVGA) on behalf sustainable. The work the
of the fruit and vegetable OFVGA does on crop
industry. It’s a vital funding protection and labour not only
mechanism that allows the benefits Ontario farmers but
industry to address major issues, also makes an impact across
policies and programs to ensure Canada. OFVGA board
its viability. The COVID-19 members and staff are leaders in
pandemic has highlighted more the industry and sit on national
than ever how vital is the crop protection and labour
advocacy work of the OFVGA committees that engage with The FPCA applies to most and would not be sent to annual third-party audits to
and its member organizations on key government policy makers. packaging from both domestic market or sold directly to ensure the regulations are being
behalf of growers and the The FPCA also directly and international suppliers that consumers. adhered to and applied
industry. Recent advocacy work benefits each Ontario fruit and is used to market Ontario-grown If packaging buyers are not equitably across the industry.
during the pandemic has vegetable commodity marketing fruits and vegetables. being charged the FPCA For more detailed
resulted in the continued safe organization for apples, berries, Applicable packaging includes container fee directly on information about the FPCA
access to seasonal agricultural grapes, tender fruit, asparagus, items such as master shipping invoices for domestically or please visit www.ofvga.org/
workers, multi-million dollar field and greenhouse cartons, baskets and containers internationally sourced container-tolls or contact Dan
enhancements of key safety net vegetables, potatoes, ginseng used for product sold through packaging they must self-remit Tukendorf at 519-763-6160
programs and the establishment and processing vegetables by wholesale or direct to consumer. the applicable container fee to extension 121 or
of COVID-related funding financially supporting research A few exemptions apply such as the OFVGA directly. To ensure dtukendorf@ofvga.org org
programs that are critical for priorities and promotional field boxes or hampers, bulk all stakeholders in the industry
growers. activities as a direct result of bins, reusable plastic containers, are following their Dan Tukendorf is program
The container fees collected their grower’s support of the shopping bags or any containers responsibilities under the manager, OFVGA.
WIN
through the FPCA allows the FPCA. that are only for on-farm use FPCA, the OFVGA coordinates
the First Canadian Honeycrisp Apple Contest
A GRO
W
BALL ER
We’re taking up the challenge from Gail Ardiel, Apple Springs Also email us at editor@thegrower.org with your mailing address.
CAP
Orchard, Clarksburg, Ontario. Who’s got the biggest Honeycrisp Everyone is a winner! Each entrant will be mailed a Grower cap.
apple in Canada? Her entry is 4.25 inches in diameter with a 13- The contest ends October 22. We’ll publish photos of provincial
inch circumference. winners of the biggest diameter Honeycrisp apple in the November
@growernews
To enter, post your Honeycrisp photo to Twitter showing the issue of The Grower.
apple size and tag The Grower’s Twitter handle @growernews. Wishing everyone a safe apple harvest!
Thanks to Shane, Gail and Kyle Ardiel at Apple Springs Orchard for launching this challenge.
Planting the seed for November edition
The November edition of The Grower will feature our focus on
Seed and Rootstock. Stay tuned for our new variety showcase.
OCTOBER 2020 –– PAGE 7
tHE GROWER
TOGETHER,
WE WILL
LEAVE NO GRAPE
BEHIND.
Lakeview Vineyard Equipment is your homegrown
provider of new and used vineyard mechanization
solutions for every scale of operation.
• Grape Harvesters • Sprayers
• Undervine Care Equipment • Frost Protection
• Canopy Maintenance • Parts and Service
TEL: 905.646.8085 | TF: 1.866.677.4717 | LAKEVIEWVINEYARDEQUIPMENT.COM
40 LAKESHORE ROAD, R.R. #5 | NIAGARA-ON-THE-LAKE, ON | L0S 1J0
PAGE 8 –– OCTOBER 2020
tHE GROWER
CHAIR’S PERSPECtIVE
Fighting back against retailer bullying
suppliers. Walmart specifically such as extending payment vegetables, retailers will simply Supply Code of Practice in the
announced a 1.25 per cent fee terms to more than 60 days and replace local produce with United Kingdom that would
for products sold in-store to charging fines for shipping imported products. What that extend that kind of protection
help pay for their investments delays while forcing trucks to sit means for Ontario is lost tax to growers.
into distribution centres and idle for hours waiting to unload. revenue, fewer jobs, and decline Our industry is incredibly
store renovations, as well as a Fruit and vegetable growers of our rural economy. vulnerable to the devastating
further five per cent for are particularly vulnerable to OFVGA has raised this issue impacts industry consolidation
products sold on-line. the impacts of the pending with the provincial government, can have, leaving growers with
Their argument is financial additional fees as they already including OMAFRA’s few alternatives when the
need to help them fund operate on very slim margins, in agriculture minister Ernie marketplace consists of only a
improvements to their some cases less or not much Hardeman and the minister of few buyers.
operations caused by pandemic- more than the announced fee government and consumer Throughout this pandemic,
BILL GEORGE JR.
related changes in consumer increases. services Lisa Thompson to Ontario fruit and vegetable
CHAIR, OFVGA
buying habits, such as enhanced In fact, according to the make them aware of the growers have taken their
online services. This is despite Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, significant negative economic responsibility to produce food
record revenues during COVID- Food and Rural Affairs, Ontario impact this will have on our seriously and have worked hard
19, which has taken an agriculture recorded an average sector. to keep their families and work-
Since the middle of March, economic toll on virtually all net profit margin of just over It was also one of the main ers safe and their businesses
our organization has primarily sectors of the economy but has three per cent in 2019 - so it topics of conversation during a viable. And we’ve consistently
been focused on dealing with overall been a boon to retailers’ quickly becomes clear that a fee meeting OFVGA and some of invested in our own businesses
the COVID-19 pandemic and bottom lines. hike of 6.25 per cent will spell its member organizations had and our own industry to meet
all of its impacts on fruit and I should note that these new disaster for growers, especially with Premier Doug Ford in changing consumer demands
vegetable growers and our wider fees are on top of the existing in a year where the pandemic early September. Minister and respond to new challenges,
supply chain. marketing fees we already have has already hit the sector hard. Hardeman and new OMAFRA such as COVID-19.
This fall, we’re now faced to pay to retailers just for the Although these fees apply to deputy minister John Kelly Now, we need our provincial
with an issue that is not related ability to market our products, all suppliers not just farmers, were also part of that meeting. government to take action to
to the pandemic and although fees that many fruit and this issue is a real and growing We made it clear that fruit help ensure domestic food
some might see that as a vegetable growers feel are set in threat to the agriculture sector and vegetable growers - and security and to protect the
positive sign of a return to an arbitrary and predatory way. in particular, a key driver of indeed other food and beverage almost 100,000 jobs associated
normalcy, it’s anything but. As well, large retailers are Ontario’s economic engine. suppliers - need protection with our sector by safeguarding
Several large retailers, led by increasingly taking advantage of Growers need the large retail against bully tactics by large the sustainability and competi-
Walmart, have announced plans growers - small or at best outlets in order to market crops retailers. This includes support- tiveness of Ontario’s edible
to move ahead with new fees of medium-sized businesses and to a large segment of Ontario’s ing the implementation of a horticulture growers and offer-
up to 6.25 per cent that they are mostly family-owned and run - consumers. If we can no longer supplier code of practice for ing protection against unfair,
going to levy on all of their with a series of other actions, viably grow fruits and retailers, similar to the Groceries predatory retailer practices.
WEAtHER VANE
the Ontario Food terminal has operated under extreme pressures for the 2020 season, fulfilling its critical role in handling fresh produce. At thanksgiving time, the industry is
appreciative of those extraordinary efforts to keep employees, farmers, truckers, buyers and sellers safe. Here, operations manager Gary DaSilva (R) visits with a grower when times
were less stressful. Photo by Glenn Lowson.
STAFF OFFICE ONTARIO FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWERS’ OFVGA SECTION CHAIRS
Publisher: Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Association 355 Elmira Road North, Unit 105 ASSOCIATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2020
Editor: Karen Davidson, 416-557-6413, editor@thegrower.org Guelph, Ontario N1K 1S5 CANADA Crop Protection Charles Stevens
Advertising: Carlie Melara 519-763-8728, advertising@thegrower.org MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
Tel. 519-763-8728 • Fax 519-763-6604 Chair Bill George Jr., Beamsville Environment and Conservation Jan VanderHout
The Grower is printed 12 times a year and sent to all Vice-chair Charles Stevens, Newcastle Labour Ken Forth
members of the Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Fruit Norm Charbonneau, Port Elgin Safety Nets Mike Chromczak
The Grower reserves the right to refuse any advertising. Any Association who have paid $30.00 (plus G.S.T.) per year for Vegetable Kenny Forth, Lynden Energy, Property, Infrastructure
Director Mike Chromczak, Brownsville and Food Safety Brian Gilroy
errors that are the direct result of The Grower will be compen- the paper through their commodity group or container fees. BOARD OF DIRECTORS
sated at our discretion with a correction notice in the next issue. Others may subscribe as follows by writing to the office: Apples Charles Stevens, Newcastle
No compensation will be given after the first running of the ad. Fresh Veg other Kenny Forth, Lynden
Client signature is required before insertion. $30.00 (+ HST) /year in Canada Tender Fruit Fred Meyers, Niagara-on-the-Lake
The Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Growers’ Association is the sole $40.00/year International Asparagus Mike Chromczak, Brownsville
owner of The Grower. All editorials and opinions expressed in Fresh Grape Bill George Jr., Beamsville
Subscribers must submit a claim for missing issues within Fresh Veg muck John Hambly, Bradford
The Grower are those of the newspaper’s editorial staff and/or four months. If the issue is claimed within four months, but Potato Shawn Brenn, Waterdown
contributor, and do not necessarily reflect the view of the associa- not available, The Grower will extend the subscription by Small Fruit Norm Charbonneau, Port Elgin
tion. Ginseng Glen Gilvesy, Tillsonburg
one month. No refunds on subscriptions.
All rights reserved. The contents of this publication may Greenhouse Jan VanderHout, Waterdown
not be reproduced either whole or in part without the prior Greenhouse George Gilvesy, Tillsonburg
written consent of the publisher. P.M. 40012319 Processing Vegetables Ron Van Damme, Wallaceburg
OCTOBER 2020 –– PAGE 9
tHE GROWER
uRBAN COWBOy
Growers deserve
special credit for their
disease prevention role
training, attracting investment,
strengthening communities, and
fortifying the front lines of the
province's health care system.”
That’s right-headed. By all
means, let’s do all we can to
support front-line workers.
And let’s start by doing all
we can to stay healthy, so these
workers have the time and
space to deal with the second
wave of COVID-19 virus
OWEN ROBERtS
victims that are now starting to This mother and two children are enjoying their fruit picks at The Red Barn market near Jordan,
appear. Ontario. Photo by Glenn Lowson.
u OF GuELPH It’s a fact that healthy people
are better equipped to fight as many as 20 per cent of Listening to the news of the designed to help families
disease. But the government’s consumers say they are eating second wave’s arrival, my wife improve their health through
Whenever you see or hear a plan doesn’t include efforts to healthier. wondered aloud if the pandemic better food, activity, leisure and
government voicing concern help people eat better. So, we’d “I believe anybody in the will likely turn the next sleep.
about the health of its citizens – better do it ourselves. food space who is not generation into germophobes. It’s making progress.
and vowing to do something Encouraging signs exist. identifying health as an I wouldn’t be surprised. And Working with families,
about it – it’s usually some kind Registered dietitian Jane emerging key investment is if their fear of disease is researchers have determined
of reactive measure related to Dummer of Kitchener says the losing opportunities,” she says. accompanied by an elevated that those who received in-
problems with human resources. first round of COVID-19 drove Fruit and vegetable awareness of their personal home health education and
Doctor shortages, for consumers towards so-called producers, take note. For ages, health and the advantages of keep food intake records had a
example. Or hospital staffing comfort food. Suddenly, they it’s been nearly impossible to eating well, then once again, significantly higher fruit and
issues. Or burnout among per- were home all day. They could get Canadians to eat the fruit and vegetable growers fibre intake than those receiving
sonal service workers. Chronic bake and cook (and eat) like recommended amount of have an opportunity to reach only monthly email topics about
and severe problems, for sure. they hadn’t in years. healthy fruit and vegetables. new consumers and help them the topic. And that supports
And indeed, when the And with the second wave Even Canada’s food guide tried, in their lifelong quest to stay better health.
Ontario government returned to knocking on the door, they’re suggesting more “green” be on healthy. Such findings point to the
the legislature on September still at home. Except now, consumers’ plates than ever Kids will – or can -- learn fact that fruit and vegetables
14, saying it was ready to they’re saddled with the weight before. good food habits at home from have a new place of prominence
continue implementing its they’ve added because of too Maybe now it won’t be so their parents. And that’s where in our lives, and that growers
made-in-Ontario plan for many poor food choices. tough to sell the idea. And the efforts such as the University of deserve recognition and support
growth, renewal and long-term So, they’ve started shopping focus should be much easier – Guelph’s 20-year Guelph for their vital role in producing
recovery, it stated its fall agenda with health in mind. A new stay healthy and stay out of the Family Health Study come in. them.
would “build on the work report from the International hospital. Started back in 2014, it’s one This kind of healthcare is
undertaken over the summer, Food Information Council says It’s also a great time to reach of the longest-term studies ever worth investing in too.
focusing on job creation, skills that as a result of the pandemic, kids, via their parents. undertaken by the institution,
Canada’s Ecoation wins World in 2050’s Olympics of Innovation
After receiving 100-plus nominations
and applications, Diplomatic Courier has
announced the World in 2050 Olympics
of Innovation winners, naming Ecoation
Innovative Solutions Inc. as a Society
category winner in response to the
company’s commitment to supporting
growers through Artificial Intelligence
(AI) advancements. Ecoation shares the
stage with 34 prestigious innovators
across seven categories in the first cohort
of 2020 challenge winners.
“Winning this award puts us on the
global stage next to well-known
innovators such as Elon Musk, founder
of SpaceX and Anousheh Ansari, founder
of XPrize,” says Dr. Saber Miresmailli,
“
CEO and founder of Ecoation. “We are
We are incredibly proud of being one of the few Canadian companies who are acknowledged for
incredibly proud of being one of the few
Canadian companies who are acknowl-
their work and the difference their innovations can make in future.
edged for their work and the difference
their innovations can make in future.”
~ DR. SABER MIRESMAILLI,
Looking decades into the future, the
Olympics of Innovation is an annual
CEO & FOuNDER OF ECOAtION
challenge established in Davos,
Switzerland, and presented by the
Diplomatic Courier’s digital think tank,
“
World in 2050. The challenge aims to
champion the best innovative solutions
to change our collective future with each Society, Humanity, Energy, Health, for its Human Knowledge + Machine CEO and founder, Dr. Saber Miresmailli
award cluster representing a major trend Travel, Off-World, and Artistic Visions. Precision approach to food production. in August 2020. Go here:
that forecasts the future for our world: Ecoation is honoured to be recognized The Grower recorded a podcast with https://bit.ly/2FCsGhh
PAGE 10 –– OCTOBER 2020
tHE GROWER
OPINION EDItORIAL
Workers just like all others 2021 OFVC CANCELLED
The Ontario Fruit and Vegetable Convention, traditionally held
in Niagara Falls in February, has been cancelled for 2021 due to
COVID-19 concerns. Save your seat for February 23 and 24,
2022.
COMING EVENtS 2020
Oct 5 – 8 International Plant Health Conference, Helsinki,
Finland POSTPONED until June 28-July 1, 2021
Oct 7-8 Canadian Greenhouse Conference, Scotiabank
Conference Centre, Niagara Falls, ON
Photo by Glenn Lowson VIRTUAL
Oct 14-17 International Plowing Match, Lindsay ON
“
CANCELLED (Oct 13-16, 2021, Lindsay, ON
No one will be sent home if they have COVID-19. If you have to self-isolate,
Oct 13-15 Produce Marketing Association Fresh Summit,
you will be eligible for WSIB benefits.
Dallas, TX VIRTUAL
~ PREMIER DOuG FORD
“ Oct 27- 29 Canadian Federation of Independent Grocers
GIC LIVE@HOME event
Oct 29 Food & Beverage Ontario 2020 Conference,
Steam Whistle Brewery, Toronto, ON (CHECK
Protection Act (AEPA) to the Agriculture, Food WEBSITE)
KEN FORTH and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal amid a claim
of unfair labour practices against the parent Nov 2-4 Fall Harvest Meetings on Parliament Hill,
“Temporary foreign workers are entitled to the company. Ottawa, ON VIRTUAL
same benefits and protections as any other After hearings last fall, the Tribunal issued a
worker in Ontario.” two-part ruling this spring. The Tribunal first Nov 6-15 Royal Agricultural Winter Fair, Toronto, ON
Those aren’t my words, although they are 100 outright dismissed union claims on intimidation CANCELLED
per cent true. They were pulled from a and unfair terminations while also noting that the
Government of Ontario media release dated June union’s own actions had played a part in derailing Nov 13 Ontario Produce Marketing Association Annual
24, 2020. To be clear, these benefits include their organizational efforts. Second, the Tribunal Gala, Universal Event Space, Vaughan, ON
health care, worker’s compensation, protection dismissed the Charter of Rights and Freedoms CANCELLED
under the Employment Standards Act, the challenge against the AEPA, noting that the
provincial minimum wage and, like every other AEPA does not prevent agricultural workers from Nov 14 Farm and Food Care Ontario Annual Harvest
worker in Ontario during the pandemic, job engaging in a union. Gala VIRTUAL
protection if they have to take an unpaid leave We see the UFCW use similar tactics —
because of COVID-19. spreading misconceptions and mistruths — to Nov 17-19 Alberta Potato Conference and Trade Show,
Supporting the media release from his further its own objectives with seasonal workers. Cambridge Hotel and Conference Centre Red
government, Premier Doug Ford, during his June They rail against the living conditions of the Deer, AB CANCELLED
24 daily media briefing, stated: “No one will lose workers. But they ignore the rigorous inspections
their job if they have COVID-19. No one will be of bunkhouses from agencies such as Service Nov 18 Potato Growers of Alberta Annual General
sent home if they have COVID-19. If you have to Canada, the Ontario Ministry of Labour and local Meeting VIRTUAL
self-isolate, you will be eligible for WSIB benefits public health departments.
and if you have a Social Insurance Number, you They erroneously claim workers are paid less Nov 18-20 Asia Fruit Logistica ON VIRTUAL
may be eligible for the CERB. We are here to than minimum wage, do not have access to
support essential workers who help put food on Employment Insurance or WSIB benefits. It Nov 18-20 Arrell Food Summit VIRTUAL
all of our tables.” cannot be made more clear that it is not in a
It shouldn’t be necessary to point this out. farmer’s interests to abuse its labour supply. Nov 19-20 Wild Blueberry Producers’ Association of Nova
It is common sense to understand that if you Farmers depend on these workers to first keep Scotia Annual General Meeting, Best Western
are coming to Ontario, to Canada, to work, you crops healthy and growing, and then to get them Glengarry Hotel and Convention Centre, Truro,
are protected just like every other worker in the off the land and to market. NS
province and country. The latest salvo from critics is to question the
But one of the most common misconceptions residency status of seasonal workers. Again, this is Nov 19-21 Interpoma, Bolzano, Italy VIRTUAL
— or, as they are, outright lies — being spread by a diversion in an effort to paint farmers as the
opponents to the Seasonal Agricultural Worker enemy. Farmers are not denying citizenship or Nov 22-24 Interpom, Kortrijk, Belgium CHECK WEBSITE
Program is that our workers are somehow treated permanent residency to seasonal workers.
as less than what they are: Important members of Without question, there isn’t a worker in this Dec 1-3 Grow Canada Conference, Westin Hotel, Ottawa,
our community who are doing the hard and program who wouldn’t make a great Canadian ON CANCELLED
necessary tasks to protect and preserve Canada’s citizen. They have a strong work ethic, value
food security. their families and broader community and are Dec 2-6 Outstanding Young Farmer National Event,
What is important to understand is the upstanding individuals. But that is a question for Delta Bessborough Hotel, Saskatoon, SK
underlying motivation behind those who are Immigration Canada, not a farmer. CANCELLED
frequently criticizing the seasonal worker The motivation in all of this is money. The
program. One of the most vocal critics of the unions want the dues they would get from Dec 8-10 Great Lakes Expo, DeVos Place, Grand Rapids,
program is the Migrant Workers Alliance for seasonal agricultural workers. They want control MI VIRTUAL
Change. Among the long list of groups it cites as of family farms and, to be blunt, this will
its members or supporters, two stand out: jeopardize Canada’s food supply. 2021
UNIFOR and the United Food and Commercial And there is little they won’t say to get it,
Workers (UFCW). truth be damned. Jan 6-7 Ontario Agricultural Conference (SouthWest
Without question, these are powerful unions. Agricultural Conference, Guelph and Eastern
And they are anxious to unionize agricultural Ken Forth is president of the Foreign Agricultural Ontario Crop Conferences combined)
labour — UFCW in particular. Resource Management Services, which administers the
In an effort to organize workers at a medical Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program in Ontario. Jan 6-7 Potato Expo, Gaylord Texan hotel, Grapevine,
cannabis farm, UFCW launched a constitutional He is also a broccoli farmer in Flamborough, Ont. TX
challenge against the Agricultural EmployeesOCTOBER 2020 –– PAGE 11
tHE GROWER
REtAIL NAVIGAtOR
Manage your costs, your selling price and your customer
critical, however you need to cost of goods. with your customers about to manage your customers
understand what it is costing changes before they need to please give me a call at (902)
you to produce all these cases Manage your selling price happen. The best price change 489-2900 or send me an email at
you are moving. is when your customer already peter@skufood.com.
Challenge the financial part You should stay closer to understands it and accepts it.
of your business to compare market pricing than ever, as That happens when you com- WHAT’S IN STORE?
costs in 2020 to previous years. fluctuations seem to happen municate what is happening in
You need this information to quicker. This pandemic is your business and tell them you Plant-based milk alternatives in
have fact-based conversations impacting almost every country anticipate packaging to be up a the baking aisle
with your customers. Many in the world; supply can be certain percentage or the fact
things have changed in 2020 interrupted, which impacts you had to quarantine your In a local store, I discovered
and retailers are experiencing pricing. entire workforce of temporary a four-foot section of plant-
this in their operations as well. Unfortunately, your selling foreign workers. When you based milk right in the middle
PEtER CHAPMAN
Focus on the facts. For price does not always have a understand your cost of goods of the baking aisle. In the past,
example, if your productivity direct correlation to your cost of you are in a better position to canned milk was a fixture in the
decreased 10 per cent due to goods. When you see your costs manage your selling price. baking aisle and it is still there
There have been so many public health guidelines and changing you have to be Communicate about more but likely it does not have as
changes for producers in 2020; it average hourly rates increased proactive with your customers. than price. Share your service much space as it used to. These
is a real challenge to find the four per cent, your cost of goods You might not always get what level results, upcoming market- products were perceived to be
time to focus on your costs, your changed. You can focus on you want the first time, but you ing programs to continue sales ‘specialty items’ and
selling price and your percentages without sharing too have to stay focused on where initiatives. Illustrate to them merchandised in the natural
customers. You have had to many details. you need to be. you are being proactive and food section.
manage inconsistent supply of The cost of doing business You should consider adding a focused on driving sales in their Now, we see them in the
inputs, labour disruptions and with each retailer can change comment about cost of goods in stores. grocery department. Retailers
challenging weather just to get and you need to understand any communication you have. are very territorial about their
products produced and these. If possible, review your This does not have to be a cost Generate the return for your space so there must be
delivered to your customers. margin by customer to assess increase but you are sending a hard work significant sales to double
One of the realities of the food where you need to find message it will have to change. merchandise the items.
industry is in a year like this it opportunities. When you manage your costs,
is more important than ever to Remember your customers Manage your customers you can manage your selling Peter Chapman is a retail
focus on the numbers and your will also be watching inputs price better and incorporate that consultant, professional speaker
customers. such as fuel that might be down Communication during into managing your customers. and the author of A la Cart -- a
There is no doubt your year over year. There are many challenging times is more 2020 has been a challenging suppliers’ guide to retailer’s
customers were more focused other changes to cost of goods valuable than when everything year on many fronts. Make sure priorities. Peter is based in
on their in-stock position than in 2020. Retailers should is working well. This is the best you divide your focus across Halifax, Nova Scotia where he is
they have been for a long time. understand this is a challenging time to build relationships. your business to get the job the principal at SKUFood. Peter
Consumers want to visit stores year. The market has been When you deliver solutions they done in producing great works with producers and
where there is inventory and in volatile and you should will remember. products to sell and selling the processors to help them get their
many categories demand was understand the positive and Whenever possible be great products you produce. products on the shelf and into the
high. Service level has been negative fluctuations to your proactive and communicate If you would like some help shopping cart.
Walmart Canada announces new vendor fees
other grocery retailers pass their the site will handle general
bills onto suppliers, too, food merchandise and food products.
and consumer goods CEO Horacio Barbeito says this
manufacturers will be in a truly centre will handle the highest
impossible situation.” volume of any Walmart facility
Walmart Canada, for its part, in Canada.
was undaunted by the negative A new 300,000 square-foot
publicity. A week later, August distribution centre is currently
12, executives turned the soil under construction in Surrey,
on a state-of-the-art, 550,000 British Columbia. And an
square-foot distribution centre existing distribution centre in
in Vaughan, Ontario. When the Cornwall, Ontario is getting a
facility is operational in 2024, makeover.
DREAM. GROW. THRIVE.
When this next-generation distribution centre becomes operational in 2024, the Vaughan, Ontario site
will handle the highest volume of any Walmart facility in Canada.
expanded website platform for of suppliers’ profits, at a time
KAREN DAVIDSON e-commerce. when many are still struggling
The Toronto Star’s August 4
The retailer is instituting a
1.25 per cent “infrastructure
with the profound impacts of
the pandemic. Neither suppliers Behind
headline pulled no punches:
Walmart Canada puts nation’s
development fee” to the cost of
goods that it purchases and a 5.0
nor consumers will see tangible
benefits from the fees Walmart Canadian food?
food supply at risk with new per cent “e-commerce extracts.
fees. The guest opinion development fee” for products As a chorus of farmers,
We’re behind you.
editorial was authored by sold through its website. These processors, and manufacturers
Michael Graydon, CEO for fees are over and above existing immediately warned, other B.C. is known for its great food and wine.
Food and Consumer Products of fees that cover the costs of grocery retail giants are already We’re known as the only lender 100%
Canada. He said that Walmart in-store promotions or shelf beginning to follow Walmart’s invested in Canadian agriculture and food.
has set a precedent with its placement. bad example. United Grocers Looking to grow or expand? Let’s talk.
letter to 3,000 suppliers that as Michael Graydon wrote: came knocking less than a week
of September 14, new vendor “Walmart’s mandatory fees after Walmart issued its fiat, 1-800-387-3232 | fcc.ca
fees will offset $3.5 billion in could exceed typical margins signalling the likely avalanche
investments, including an and eat up as much as one-third of similar demands to come. IfYou can also read
