KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future

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KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
Performance Improvements during the
                          First 19 years and a Vision for the Future

      KOREA’S ENERGY
 STANDARDS & LABELING
                                Market Transformation

Ministry of Knowledge Economy      Korea Energy Management Corporation
www.mke.go.kr                      www.kemco.or.kr
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
Korea’s Energy Standards & Labeling                                                                                                                                              Market Transformation

                                                     Table of Contents                                                                                                                      www.kemco.or.kr

5    I. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth                                                                         7 � Adopting the Standards of Energy Frontier Scheme                                        92
         1 � Status of Energy Consumption and Overview of Energy Saving Measures                    7              8 � Efficiency Improvements of Data Center                                                  94
         2 � Energy and the Kyoto Protocol                                                          9              9 � Establishing Plans for Standby Korea 2015                                               96
         4 � The Role of Energy Saving in Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts                         11             10 � Harmonizing Measurement Methodologies to International Standards                       100
         5 � Four Major Energy Efficiency Areas                                                    12             11 � Displaying CO2 emissions and Energy Cost in Energy Efficiency Grade Label              103

17                                                                                                      111   VI. International Cooperation on Energy Saving Activities
     II. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
         1 � Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program                                          19             1 � International Energy Agency (IEA)                                                       113
         2 � High-efficiency Appliance Certification Program                                       28             2 � International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC)                     116
         3 � e-Standby Program                                                                     30             3 � Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)                                                118
         4 � Policy Implementation Organizations                                                   32
         5 � Overview of 3 Major Energy Standards & Labeling Programs                              33   119   VII. International Energy Efficiency Standards and Labeling
         6 � Energy Efficiency Labels and Standards in Other Countries                             34
                                                                                                                 The United States        1 � Federal Government MEPS                                         121
37                                                                                                                                        2 � Energy Guide Label                                              122
     III. Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances                                                                                         3 � ENERGY STAR Program                                             122
         1 � Rebates                                                                               39                                     4 � Federal Energy Management Program                               123
         2 � Priority Purchasing through the Public Procurement Service                            40                                     5 � California MEPS                                                 123
         3 � Designation of Best Procured Products                                                 40
         4 � Mandatory Use of High Efficiency Appliances by Public Organizations                   41            European                 1 � Ecodesign                                                       125
         5 � Building Codes                                                                        42            Union (EU)               2 � EU MEPS                                                         127
         6 � Standards and Performance of Eco-Friendly Houses                                      43                                     3 � Energy Label                                                    128
         7 � Tax Breaks on Energy Saving Investments                                               43                                     4 � Eco Label                                                       128
         8 � Financing Rational Energy Utilization Fund                                            44                                     5 � Code of Conduct                                                 129
         9 � Testing Fee Waiver                                                                    44                                     6 � GEEA                                                            129
                                                                                                                                          7 � Market Transformation Program                                   130
45   IV. Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing Energy Efficiency Management Policies                                          8 � Energy Saving Recommended products                              130
                                                                                                                                          9 � Blue Angel                                                      131
         1 � Refrigerators                                                                         47                                     10 � Nordic Swan                                                    131
         2 � Air Conditioners                                                                      50                                     11 � TCO                                                            131
         3 � Washing Machines                                                                      53
         4 � 32W Fluorescent Lamps (Replacing 40W Fluorescent Lamps)                               55            Japan                    1 � Top Runner Program                                              132
         5 � LED Guide Lights                                                                      56                                     2 � Uniform Energy Saving Label                                     133
         6 � Heat Recovery Ventilators                                                             57                                     3 � Energy Saving Label                                             133
         7 � External Power Supplies                                                               58
         8� Accomplishments of the Standby Power 1W Policy                                         59
                                                                                                                 China                    1 � MEPS                                                            134
                                                                                                                                          2 � Energy Label                                                    135
65   V. Market Transformation through High-efficiency Appliances
         1 � 3 Phase Electric Motors, Mandatory Transition to Premium Motors(IE3)                  68            Canada                   1 � MEPS                                                            136
         2 � Promoting Gas Condensing Boilers                                                      73                                     2 � EnerGuide Label                                                 137
         3 � Phase Out of Incandescent Lamps                                                       76
         4 � Promoting LED Lights                                                                  81            Australia                1 � MEPS                                                            138
         5 � Energy Efficiency Management of Peak Power Inducing Electric Heating Equipments       85                                     2 � Energy Rating Label                                             138
         6 � Designation of Energy Intensive Equipments as Efficiency Management Target Products   89                                     3 � National Standby Power 1W Policy                                139
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
Ⅰ
Korea’s Energy Standards & Labeling

     Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                                                                   www.kemco.or.kr

     1. Status of Energy Consumption and Overview of Energy Saving Measures     7

     2. Energy and the Kyoto Protocol                                           9

     3. The Role of Energy Saving in Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts          11

     4. Four Major Energy Efficiency Areas                                     12
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
Korea’s Energy Standards & Labeling

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                                                                                                                           1- Status of Energy Consumption and
           Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth                                                                                 Overview of Energy Saving Measures

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                                Korea is the 10th largest energy consuming nation in the world. In 2010, Korea spent 121.7
                                                                                                                              billion dollars on energy imports. This figure accounts for 27% of total imports and is
                                                                                                                              equivalent to the total export of semiconductors, automobiles, ships and steels which are
                                                                                                                              Korea’s major export items.
           On August 15th 2008, the government declared“Low Carbon Green Growth”as a new vision
           for national development.

           Green Growth refers to optimization of synergy created from the virtuous cycle of

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
           environmental (Green) and economic (Growth) interactions. In other words, it is a concrete
           policy solution to establish advanced society by making economic growth patterns more
           environmental friendly.

           As a national development vision, the scope of Green Growth not only covers energy and
           environmental issues but also extends to creating new jobs and securing new growth engine,                                                                        Semiconductors, automobiles, and ships                          Energy
           building industry competitiveness, efficient land use and revolutionizing our lives. Green

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
           Growth is a sustainable development that reduces GHG emissions and pollutions. It is a new                           In 2008, oil prices rose well over $140 per barrel could happen any time in near future and

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Energy Efficiency Management Policies
           national development paradigm that creates new jobs and national growth engines through                            reminds us of the importance of energy saving, especially because Korea imports 96% of its
           green technology and clean energy.                                                                                 energy needs from overseas. We have already experienced high inflation, stagflation, trade
                                                                                                                              deficits and negative economic growth from the first (1973) and second (1979) oil shocks.
           Energy efficiency improvements and the dissemination of new and renewable energy are core                            As the price of oil is rising steadily, it is forecasted that Korea will face serious economic
           contents of Low Carbon Green Growth.                                                                               hardships due to an economic structure that heavily depends on energy intensive industries. The
                                                                                                                              United Nations Convention on Climate Change, which calls for prevention of climate change
                                                                                                                              by controlling the use of energy, represents another potential burden on our economy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                     Rising energy import cost
                                              Implementation of Green Growth
                                               (3 Major Areas and 10 Policy Directions)                                                                             2,000                                                                          1,415.0           1,217.0
                                                                                                                                                                    1,000                                                                  950.0

                                                                                                                               Energy Import(100 million dollars)
                                                                                                                                                                     900

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   855.7                     912.0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Overview of Energy Efficiency
                    Expand New                           Improve Quality of Life                                                                                     800
                                                                                       Elevate National Reputation
                   Growth Engine                           and Environment                                                                                           700                                                  667.0
           1. Oil / Energy Independence                 5. Enforce environmental       9. Green revolution in daily life                                             600
           2. Strengthen green                             friendly tariff scheme      10. Realize world class green                                                 500                                          496.0
              technology / industry                     6. Create green jobs and           growth model
                                                                                                                                                                     400                      375.8 322.9
           3. Promote green management                     train manpower
                                                                                                                                                                     300                                    383.1
              and greening current industry             7. Greening land space

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   International Energy Efficiency
           4. Activate green financing                  8. Address natural disasters                                                                                 200              109.3

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Standards and Labeling
                                                           caused by climate change                                                                                  100       65.9
                                                                                                                                                                       0
                                                                                                                                                                                ’80     ’90    ’00   ’02    ’03     ’04      ’05    ’06     ’07      ’08      ’09     ’10
    +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           +
6       Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                                                   Ⅰ. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth       7
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
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           KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                      www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                                        Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                 Status of Energy Consumption
                                                                                                                      2- Energy and the Kyoto Protocol
             Energy cycles in the order of development � importation � supply (primary energy) �
           conversion/loss � consumption (final energy). Primary and final energy statistics are related to

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
           energy efficiency improvements. Final energy consumption status is particularly related to
           energy efficiency improvements.
                                                                                                                          Under the Kyoto Protocol, Annex I parties are bound to reducing their GHG emissions. Such
             Oil (42.1%) was the most consumed source of primary energy, followed in order by                           obligations would be potential threats to the national economy.
           bituminous coal (28.2%), nuclear (13.1%), LNG (13.9%) and others (2.3%). As the national                       Every year, 5 billion tons of greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere from the use of
           income increases, the demand for LNG increases in proportion, whereas dependency on oil is                   fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and gas. These greenhouse gases form a thick layer in the
           relatively decreasing. The use of nuclear power is increasing due to a rapid increase in power               atmosphere and trap infrared radiation which is reflected from the earth’s surface to the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
           consumption driven by economic growth.                                                                       atmosphere causing a rise in temperature.

             As for final energy consumption, the industrial sector, transportation sector, commercial &                  84.7% of all GHG emissions that cause global warning can be attributed to the use of energy.
           household and public & other sectors, account for 58.3%, 19.6%, and 22.1% respectively.
           Especially, Korea’s industrial sector energy consumption rate is relatively high among the                          GHG emissions by sector
           OECD countries. This can be attributed to an industrial structure that consists of energy
                                                                                                                                                                               Agriculture
           intensive industries such as steel making, petrochemicals, cement and etc.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                              Industrial process                               3.0%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                                     9.8%

                                                                                                                                                                               Waste
                  Final energy consumption                                                                                                                                     2.5%

                                                                                                                                                                               Energy
                                                                                                                                                                               84.7%
              Commercial & Household,
                  and Poblic & Other
                               22.1%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                       Source : MKE

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Energy Efficient Appliances
                Transfortation
                    19.6%                                                                                                   GHG emissions by sector
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       (Unite : Million tCO2, %)
                                                                                   Industrial
                                                                                   58.3%                                                                                                                                           ’90~’07
                                                                                                                            Sector             ’
                                                                                                                                               90        ’
                                                                                                                                                         95        ’
                                                                                                                                                                   00        ’
                                                                                                                                                                             05          ’
                                                                                                                                                                                         06                    ’
                                                                                                                                                                                                               07
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Change%                   Change% Change%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                              247.8     372.2     438.8     498.9       505.9                 525.4
                                                                                                                            Energy                                                                 1.4                        3.9        4.5

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                              (81.1)    (80.7)    (82.1)    (83.6)      (83.9)                (84.7)
                                                                                                                          Industrial           19.9      47.1      58.3      64.8        63.7                 60.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                  △1.8                      △4.4         6.8
                                                                                                                           process             (6.5)    (10.2)    (10.9)    (10.9)      (10.6)                (9.8)
                                                                                                                                               15.2      22.4      20.6      18.2       17.5                  18.4
                                                                                                                         Agriculture                                                              △4.2                        5.3        1.1
           Source : Energy/Natural resources statistics (MKE)                                                                                  (5.0)     (4.9)     (3.9)     (3.1)      (2.9)                 (3.0)
                                                                                                                                               22.5      19.5      16.7      14.7       15.6                  15.3
                                                                                                                             Waste                                                                 6.3                      △2.2       △2.2
                                                                                                                                               (7.4)     (4.2)     (3.1)     (2.5)      (2.6)                 (2.5)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                            Total              305.4     461.2     534.4     596.7      602.6                 620.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                   1.0                        2.9        4.3

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Standards and Labeling
                                                                                                                          Emissions           (100.0)   (151.0)   (175.0)   (195.4)    (197.3)               (203.0)
                                                                                                                        Land Use / Forestry   △23.7     △21.2     △37.2     △32.0      △32.3       1.1       △36.3           12.4        2.5
                                                                                                                            Net                281.6     440.0     497.1     564.7      570.3                 583.7
                                                                                                                                                                                                   1.0                        2.3        4.4
                                                                                                                          Emissions           (100.0)   (156.2)   (176.5)   (200.5)    (202.5)               (207.2)
                                                                                                                        Source : MKE
    +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   +
8       Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                         Ⅰ. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth         9
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
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      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                                      www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                                                             Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
            Kyoto Protocol                                                                                                       3- The Role of Energy Efficiency in
        In order to initiate GHG reductions, the international community decided to adopt the Kyoto                                 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Efforts
      Protocol as a measure to facilitate the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
      Change (UNFCCC). Korea, which is world’        s 10th largest GHG emitter, faces international
      pressure to accept binding GHG reductions under the Kyoto Protocol. If Korea becomes an
      Annex I country with mandatory reduction targets, the negative impacts on Korean economy,
      which has an energy intensive economic structure, will be significant.                                                         In this age of high oil prices, the high dependency on foreign oil imports as well as
                                                                                                                                   international environmental restrictions including UNFCCC, impose heavy burdens on the
                                                                                                                                   national economy. To overcome such obstacles, more efforts are needed to promote renewable
           �       Main highlights of the Kyoto protocol
                                                                                                                                   energy and to improve energy efficiency.
          ▶    Kyoto protocol

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
          1. The protocol addresses the six main greenhouse gases.                                                                   According to recent IEA reports, energy efficiency is the most significant policy tool towards
               �    CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SF6                                                                                 reducing greenhouse gas by 2050, which accounts for 36% of total reductions. Use of new and
          2. Differentiates annex I countries with mandatory Kyoto targets from Non-Annex I countries                              renewable energy comes second which accounts for 21% of total reductions. The development
               without mandatory Kyoto targets.
                                                                                                                                   of renewable energy alternatives should be approached with a long term perspective since it is
               �    Kyoto reduction targets: During the first commitment period (2008~2012), Annex I parties
                                                                                                                                   costly and takes a lot of time. However, energy efficiency can achieve economic gains and
                    shall reduce their collective emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% compared to the year
                                                                                                                                   prevent global warning at minimal cost.
                    1990. National targets range from △8% ~ +10%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Energy Efficiency Management Policies
               �    EU: △8%, US: △8%, Japan: △6%, Russia: 0%, Iceland: +10%
          3. Recognizes the Kyoto Mechanism as a cost effective way to reduce greenhouse gases
               �    Adds flexibility by adopting market based Kyoto Mechanisms such as JI (Joint                                                                       GHG reduction scenario by 2050
                    Implementation), CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) and Emission Trading.
                                                                                                                                                                  70
                                                                                                                                                                                                               Baseline Emissions 62 Gt            ▶

                                                                                                                                    CO2 emissions (Gt CO2 / yr)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       CCS industry
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       and transformation 9%
                                                                                                                                                                  60
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       CCS power generation 10%
               Organizational structure of UNFCCC

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Nuclear 6%
                                                                                                                                                                  50
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Renewables 21%
                                                                 COP
                                                                                                                                                                  40                                                                                   Power generation efficiency
                                                              (COP/MOP)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       & fuel switching 7%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       End-use fuel switching 11%
                                                                                                                                                                  30
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       End-use electricity

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       efficiency 12%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                     SBSTA                                                  SBI                                                                   20
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       End-use fuel
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       efficiency 24%

                                                                                                                                                                  10
                                                                                                                                                                                                           BLUE Map Emissions 14 Gt                ▶
                                                                                                                                                                        ▶                                      ▶
                       Expert group on                                                      LDC(Least developed                                                                                            ▶                                       ▶
                                                                                                                                                                                    WEO2007 450 ppm case ETP2008 BLUE Map scenario
                     technology transfer                                                   countries expert group)                                                 0
                                                                Secretriat                                                                                         2005     2010   2015    2020     2025           2030   2035   2040      2045     2050

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Standards and Labeling
                                       IPCC                                                                                        Source : Energy Technology Perspectives(2008, IEA)
                                                                                  Financial mechanism
                               (Intergov’tl pannel on
                                                                                (GEF:Global environment)
                                  climate change)
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     +
10   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                                             Ⅰ. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth      11
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
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      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                        www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                        Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                                                                                                                       Energy Improvements of appliances and equipment amount to
                   4- Four Major Energy Efficiency Areas                                                               45% of GHG reductions
                                                                                                                     According to the analysis performed by IEA, the estimated reductions of carbon dioxide
                                                                                                                   emissions in appliances and equipments sectors (including lighting) will amount to 45% of the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                   total reductions by 2030. This implies that the implementation of energy efficiency programs on
                                                                                                                   appliances and equipment is the most realistic and effective measure among the available
         National efforts for energy efficiency improvements in four major sectors, namely industry,
                                                                                                                   energy saving policies.
      transportation, buildings, appliances and equipment, are required to achieve significant energy
      efficiency. In particular, energy efficiency in the appliances and equipment sector is very
      important in the sense that it is at the root of the energy efficiency.                                           Estimated reductions of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
        Energy efficiency labeling schemes (Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program, High-
                                                                                                                                                                           20%(All industry)
      efficiency Appliance Certification Program, e-Standby Program) play a key role in carrying out
      the energy efficiency improvement policy in the appliances and equipment sector in Korea.
                                                                                                                                                                                               17%(All buildings)
                                                                                                                             18%(All transport)

             4 Major Energy Efficiency Areas

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                                                                                      27%(All appliances)

                                                                                                                       18%(All lighting)
                       Industry                                                 Transport

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                         Energy                                                    Source : IEA

                                                        Efficiency

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     International Cooperation and Current
                          Building                                              Appliances

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Standards and Labeling
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                +
12   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                       Ⅰ. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth       13
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
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      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                                                                                       www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                        Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
            IEA’s 25 recommended energy efficiency measures                                                                                                                        IEA’
                                                                                                                                                                                      s energy efficiency policy recommendations

        The IEA also encourages governments to make MEPS and energy efficiency labeling                                                                                            Sector                    Energy efficiency policy recommendations by IEA
      programs their top priorities in enforcing their energy efficiency policies.
                                                                                                                                                                                                1.1 Measures for increasing investment in energy efficiency

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                                                                                                1.2 National energy efficiency strategies and goals
        At 2006, 2007 and 2008 G8 Summit, IEA recommended G8 leaders adopt 25 energy
                                                                                                                                                                                                1.3 Compliance, monitoring, enforcement and evaluation of energy efficiency
      efficiency measures. Among the recommendations, energy efficiency improvements on                                                                                            Cross-
                                                                                                                                                                                                    measures
      appliances and equipment have received the most attention (8 recommendations).                                                                                               sectoral
                                                                                                                                                                                                1.4 Energy efficiency indicators
                                                                                                                                                                                                1.5 Monitoring and reporting progress with the IEA energy efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                    recommendation themselves

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                                                2.1 Building code for new buildings
                                                                                                                                                                                                2.2 Passive energy houses and zero energy buildings
                                                                                                                                                                                   Building     2.3 Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in existing buildings
                                                                                                                                                                                                2.4 Building certification schemes
                                                                                                                                                                                                2.5 Energy efficiency improvements in windows and other glazed areas

                                                                                                                                                                                                3.1 Mandatory energy performance requirements or labels

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                                                                  Appliances    3.2 Low-power mode, including standby power, for electronic and networked

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                                                                                     and            equipment
                                                                                                                                                                                  equipment     3.3 Televisions and set-top boxes
                                                                                                                                                                                                3.4 Energy performance test standards and measurement protocols

                                                                                                                                                                                                4.1 Best practice lighting and the phase-out of incandescent bulbs
                                                                                                                                                                                   Lighting
                                                                                                                                                                                                4.2 Ensuring least-cost of inefficient fuel-based lighting

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                                                5.1 Fuel-efficient tyres
                                                                                                                                                                                                5.2 Mandatory fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles
                                                                                                                                                                                  Transport
                                                                                                                                                                                                5.3 Fuel economy of heavy-duty vehicles
             Marginal cost for GHG reduction                                                                                                                                                    5.4 Eco-driving

                                                                                                                                                                                                6.1 Collection of high-quality energy efficiency data for industry
                                  Marginal cost (USD/ t CO2)

                                                               1000
                                                                                                          Transport alternative fuels
                                                                                                                                                                                                6.2 Energy performance of electric motors

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                               Technology

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                                800                                                                            Pessimism
                                                                                                                                                                                   Industry     6.3 Assistance in developing energy management capability
                                                                600                                                                                                                             6.4 Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in small and medium-sized
                                                                                                         Industry fuel switching
                                                                                                               and CCS                   500                                                        enterprises
                                                                400                                                                      BLUE Map
                                                                                                                                               Technology                          Energy
                                                                200
                                                                                               Power sector                              200 Optimism                                           7.1 Utilities end-use energy efficiency schemes
                                                                          End-use efficiency                                             100
                                                                                                                                                                                   utilities
                                                                                                                 ▶

                                                                                                                         ACT Map
                                                                                                                 ▶

                                                                                                                                          50
                                                                 0
                                                                      0       5    10     15   20   25     30    35     40    45    50

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    International Energy Efficiency
                                                               -200

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Standards and Labeling
                                                                      2050 CO2 emissions reduction(Gt CO2/yr)

      Source : Energy Technology Perspectives(2008, IEA)
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               +
14   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                                                         Ⅰ. Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth    15
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
+                                         +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                        www.kemco.or.kr

            The results of implementing IEA’s 25 recommended energy
            efficiency measures across countries
        According to the IEA reports (May, 2010) on the implementation of IEA recommended 25

                                                                                                                   Ⅱ
      energy efficiency measures by country, Korea ranks 15th among the 28 IEA member countries.
      IEA ranks Japan, UK, Canada and USA as the top countries with successful implementation of
      recommended energy efficiency measures.

             The results of IEA’s 25 recommended energy efficiency measures across countries                           Korea’s Energy Standards & Labeling

                                                                                                                                                                                        www.kemco.or.kr
                              How does implementation compare
                            across countries-all recommendations?                                                  Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
            100%

             90%

             80%

             70%

             60%

             50%
                                                                                                                                   1. Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program                  19
             40%

             30%                                                                                                                   2. High-efficiency Appliance Certification Program               28
             20%

             10%
                                                                                                                                   3. e-Standby Program                                             30
              0%
                                                                                                                                   4. Policy Implementation Organizations                           32
                    n

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                              a
                                         D US

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                                     N tzer y
                                           Ze nd

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                                          Au en

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                                                     ay

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                                                 ra
                                       Sw rma

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                                       ew la

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                                                ed

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                                                 la
                                              Sp
                                                m

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                                      ch Ko

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                                               lg

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                                          i

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                                    ze

                                                                                                                                   5. Overview of 3 Major Energy Standards & Labeling Programs      33
                                  C

                                  Sl

                                                       Not implemented
                                                       Implementation underway or planned
                                                                                                                                   6. Energy Efficiency Labels and Standards in Other Countries     34
                                                       Full and substantial implementation

        Korea is actively implementing IEA’s 25 recommended energy efficiency measures and
      currently efforts are being made to apply energy labeling scheme to windows and tyres.
      Furthermore all incandescent lamps will be phased out of the market. All these measures will
      boost up the Korea’s ranking in the next IEA evaluation.
 +

16   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future
KOREA'S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING - Market Transformation Performance Improvements during the First 19 years and a Vision for the Future
Korea’s Energy Standards & Labeling

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                                                                                                                            1- Energy Efficiency Label and
      Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs                                                                                  Standard Program

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                                       Overview
                                                                                                                                Under this program, manufacturers (importers) are
        Korea operates its Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program, High-efficiency Appliance
                                                                                                                              mandated to produce and sell energy efficient products
      Certification Program and e-Standby Program in an effort to improve energy efficiency in
                                                                                                                              from the outset. This program is Korea’s core energy
      appliances and equipments.
                                                                                                                              efficiency standards & labeling scheme.
        Initiated in 1992, the Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program targets products with

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
      high energy consumption with mandatory indication of the energy efficiency grade, from the 1st                            Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program
      to 5th grade, and prohibits the production and sale of those products that fall below the 5th grade                     enables consumers to identify energy efficient
      (applying MEPS). The products included in the Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program                              products easily by ①mandatory indication of energy efficiency grade from 1st to 5th grade ②
      fall under 32 categories including household appliances, lighting equipment, and automobiles.                           mandatory reporting, and ③applying MEPS.

        The High-efficiency Appliance Certification Program guarantees the high efficiency of
                                                                                                                               �   ①    According to the energy efficiency and consumption of the product, the product is
      products by certifying products that perform above certain standards. Implemented in 1996,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                        required to indicate an energy efficiency grade from 1st to 5th grade
      certified products may bear the high-efficiency equipment labels and certificates are also

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                               �   ②    Mandatory reporting of energy efficiency grade by manufacturers or importers
      issued. 34 categories of products are included in this program including pumps, boilers and
                                                                                                                               �   ③    Production and sales of products that fall below the 5th grade is prohibited (Applying
      LED lighting equipments.
                                                                                                                                        MEPS)
        Since 1999, the e-Standby Program attempts to promote energy efficiency in products by
      reducing standby power. An Energy Boy label is attached to those consumer electronic appliances                              �    MEPS: Minimum Energy Performance Standard?
      and office equipment which have a high potential for reducing standby power, and which satisfy                               Mandatory energy efficiency standard which bans production and sales of low energy efficiency
      the standby power reduction standards set by the government. Standby warning labels are applied                              products which fall below the minimum energy performance standard. In case of violation, a fine up

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Energy Efficient Appliances
      to those products that fall below the standby power reduction standards. 22 categories of products                           to 19 thousand dollars will be charged.

      are included in this program including household appliances and office equipment.

                                                                                                                                       Policy characteristics
                         Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program
                                                                                                                                Mandatory reporting

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       International Cooperation and Current
                                                       �   Since 1992

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                       �   Mandatory labeling, applying MEPS
                                                       �   32 products including refrigerators, automobiles                            Legal basis
                                                                                                                               Based on article 15 (Designation of machinery and materials subject to efficiency
                                                             Three Major                                                      management) and article 16 (Post management of machinery and materials subject to efficiency
                                                           Energy Efficiency                                                  management) of the“Rational Energy Utilization Act”
         High-efficiency Appliance                             Program                          e-Standby Program             �“Regulation on energy efficiency labeling and standards”(Ministry of Knowledge
           Certification Program

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       International Energy Efficiency
                               �   Since 1996                                                                                   Economy notification)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Standards and Labeling
                                                                                            �    Since 1999                   �“Regulation on energy efficiency labeling of automobiles”(Ministry of Knowledge
                               �   Voluntary certification
                                                                                            �    Mandatory
                                   application                                                                                  Economy notification)
                                                                                            �    22 products including
                               �   34 products including LED
                                                                                                 computers, set-top boxes
                                   lighting equipments
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  +
18   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                         Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   19
+                                                                    +                                                                                                    +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                                                     www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                      Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
            Target products                                                                                                                         The Interpretations of energy efficiency level index “R”
        Refrigerators, freezers, kimchi refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, drum
                                                                                                                                                         Refrigerators
      washing machines, dish washers, dish driers, hot and cold water dispensers, rice cookers,                                                                                           Maximum power consumption of a given
      vacuum cleaners, electric fans, air cleaners, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, ballasts for                                                                                   model (kWh/month)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
      fluorescent lamp, compact fluorescent lamps, 3 phase electric motors, domestic gas boilers,                                                  R(Energy efficiency level index) =
                                                                                                                                                                                          Monthly power consumption of a given
      external power supplies, electric cooling and heating equipments, commercial refrigerators, gas                                                                                     model (kWh/month)
      water heaters, TVs, window sets, electric transformers, electric fan heaters, electric stoves, VRF
      multi-split heat pumps, dehumidifiers, tyres, and automobiles (32 products).                                                              1. Maximum power consumption: The lower limit of the Minimum Energy Performance
                                                                                                                                                   Standard (5th grade) and the values are obtained from the reference equation.
                                                                                                                                                2. Monthly power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying KS C IEC
            Program operating organization                                                                                                         62552 measurement methods
                                                                                                                                                3. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
        Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO), delegated by the Ministry of Knowledge
                                                                                                                                                   decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
      Economy (MKE), operates the program in partnership with 500 household appliance, lighting
      equipment, and automobile manufacturers. Currently, 32 products with over 20,000 models are
      registered.                                                                                                                                           Freezers
                                                                                                                                                                                          Maximum power consumption of a given
                                                                                                                                                                                          model (kWh/month)
            Energy saving performance                                                                                                              R(Energy efficiency level index) =
                                                                                                                                                                                          Monthly power consumption of a given
         1st grade products save 30~40% more energy than 5th grade products.                                                                                                              model (kWh/month)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                                                1. Maximum power consumption: The lower limit of the Minimum Energy Performance Standard (5th
            Reporting procedure of energy efficiency labeling                                                                                      grade) and the values are obtained from the reference equation.
                                                                                                                                                2. Monthly power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying KS C IEC 62552
        Energy efficiency labeling tests are conducted on request at designated national testing
                                                                                                                                                   measurement methods
      institutes (or self certified testing institutes) to determining the energy efficiency grades of                                          3. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers
      products (imported goods included). Manufacturers or importers receive the test performance                                                  of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
      report from the designated testing institutes. The reports are sent to KEMCO and made publicly
      available on the internet (http://www.kemco.or.kr).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                        Kimchi refrigerators

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                                          Maximum power consumption of a given
                                                                                                                                                                                          model (kWh/month)
             Schematic diagram of energy efficiency label reporting procedure                                                                      R(Energy efficiency level index) =
                                                                                                                                                                                          Monthly power consumption of a given
                                                                                                                                                                                          model (kWh/month)
                Manufacturers or importers                                                                    Testing institutes
                                                                         ①       Request testing
           Attach energy labels from :                                                                ▶                                         1. Maximum power consumption: The lower limit of the Minimum Energy Performance
                                                                                                     Designated national testing
           date of manufacture                                                                                                                     Standard (5th grade) and the values are obtained from the reference equation.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  International Cooperation and Current
           (Displaying energy consumption efficiency,          ②       Issue test performance report institutes (or self certified
                                                                                                                                                2. Monthly power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying KS C

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                           ▶
                                                                                                     testing institutes)
           quantity, consumption efficiency grade)
                                                                                                                                                   9321 measurement methods
                                               ⑥   Confirmation of registration                                                                 3. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the
                                          ▶

                                                                                                                                                   decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
                                         Internet                  ⑦                               Consumer
                 ③   Product                                             Utilize
                     reporting    Introduction of the                    information       Utilize information when
                                                             ▶
                                                                                                                      ④       Notification of            Air conditioners
                                  program, product and                                     making purchases
                                                                                                                              testing results
                                  market information                                                                                                                                      Maximum power consumption of a given
                                           ▶

                                                                                                                                                                                          model (kWh/month)
                                                                                                                                                   R(Energy efficiency level index) =

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  International Energy Efficiency
               ▶

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Standards and Labeling
                                                                                                                                                                                          Monthly power consumption of a given
                                 KEMCO
                                                                             ⑤     Registration of reported
                                                                                                                                                                                          model (kWh/month)
                     ■ Registration ■ Compliance
                                                                                   products provide information
            (KEMCO is delegated by MKE to register the                  ▶
                                                                                                                                                1. Cooling capacity, cooling power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by
            reported products in accordance with the
            Rational Energy Utilization Act)
                                                                                                                                                   applying KS C 9306 measurement methods
                                                                                                                                                2. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the
                                                                                                                                                   decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             +
20   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                    Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   21
+                                             +                                                                                                    +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                            www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                      Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                  Washing machines                                                                                             Hot and cold water dispensers
                                                             Power consumption for one full cycle of                                                             24 hours power consumption P1(kWh)
                                                             washing (Wh)                                                 R(Energy efficiency level index) =
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                                                    Power consumption of the expected
                                                             Rated washing capacity (kg)                                                                         insulation capacity P3(kWh)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
       1. Power consumption for one full cycle of washing: Actual measurements obtained by applying                    1. 24 hours power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods
          measurement methods specified in the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials                         specified in the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency
          subject to efficiency management”                                                                               management”
       2. Standard washing load: Maximum weight of washing load (dried, in kg) for one full cycle program              2. Power consumption of the expected insulation capacity: Values obtained from the reference
          (standard program) specified by the manufacturer                                                                equation determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers                  efficiency management”
                                                                                                                       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
                                                                                                                          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                 Drum washing machines                                                                                          Rice cookers
                                                             Power consumption for one full cycle of                                                             Power consumption of a given model for
                                                             washing (Wh)                                                                                        one person serving (Wh/ person serving)
                                                                                                                          R(Energy efficiency level index) =
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                                                    Standard power consumption of a given
                                                             Rated washing capacity (kg)                                                                         model (Wh/person serving)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
       1. Power consumption for one full cycle of washing: Actual measurements                                         1. Power consumption for one person serving: Actual measurements obtained by applying

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Energy Efficiency Management Policies
          obtained by applying measurement methods specified in the “Operational                                          measurement methods specified in the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials
          regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”                                         subject to efficiency management”
       2. Standard washing load: Maximum weight of washing load (dried, in kg) for one                                 2. Standard power consumption: Values obtained from the reference equation determined by the
          full cycle program (standard program) specified by the manufacturer                                             “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the                                  3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers
                                                                                                                          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
          increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                                                                                                                               Vacuum cleaners
                   Dish washers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                 Maximum cleaning capacity of a given model

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Energy Efficient Appliances
                                              Electric energy efficiency ratio (EERe)                                     R(Energy efficiency level index) =
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                                                     Standard power consumption of a given model
                                              × Water energy efficiency ratio (EERw)

                                                                                                                       1. Maximum cleaning capacity: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods
       1. Electrical energy efficiency ratio, water energy efficiency ratio: Actual measurements obtained by              specified in KS C IEC 60312
          applying measurement methods specified in the “Operational regulation on machinery and                       2. Standard power consumption: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery
          materials subject to efficiency management”                                                                     and materials subject to efficiency management”

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         International Cooperation and Current
       2. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers               3. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Overview of Energy Efficiency
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade                                                                of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                                                                                                                                 Electric fans
                     Dish driers
                                                             Power consumption of a given model                                                                  Standard power consumption of a given model
                                                             (Wh/20 minutes)                                              R(Energy efficiency level index) =
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                                                       Wind volume efficiency of a given model
                                                             Standard power consumption of a given
                                                             model (Wh/20 minutes)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                       1. Standard power consumption: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Standards and Labeling
                                                                                                                          machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”
       1. Power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods specified
                                                                                                                       2. Wind volume efficiency: Standard wind volume ÷ power consumption. Values of standard
          in the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”
                                                                                                                          wind volume are determined by reference equation specified in the “Operational
       2. Standard power consumption: Values obtained from the reference equation determined by the                       regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”. Power
          “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”                            consumption values are actually measured values.
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers               3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade                                                                numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    +
22   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                           Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   23
+                                                +                                                                                                      +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                               www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                        Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                    Air cleaners                                                                                                   Compact fluorescent lamps
                                                                 Measured power consumption (W)                                                                         Standard consumption efficiency (lm/W)
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                R(Energy efficiency level index) =
                                                                        Standard usable area (m2)                                                                    Luminance efficiency of a given model (lm/W)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
       1. Measured power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement                                1. Standard consumption efficiency: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery
          methods specified in the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency                  and materials subject to efficiency management”
          management”                                                                                                     2. Luminance efficiency: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods
       2. Standard usable area: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery and                            specified in KS C 7621
          materials subject to efficiency management”                                                                     3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers                     of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                                                                                                                                     3 phase electric motors
                  Incandescent lamps
                                                                 Standard consumption efficiency (lm/W)                      Apply MEPS without assigning energy efficiency level index(R)
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =
                                                             Luminance efficiency of a given model (lm/W)
                                                                                                                          MEPS is full load efficiency and they are obtained by applying
                                                                                                                          measurement methods specified in KS C IEC 60034-2-1
       1. Standard consumption efficiency: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
          and materials subject to efficiency management”

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Energy Efficiency Management Policies
       2. Luminance efficiency: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods                                       Domestic gas boilers
          specified in KS C 7501
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the increasing numbers
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade                                                                   R(Energy efficiency level index) = Rated heating efficiency of a given model (%)

                   Fluorescent lamps                                                                                      1. Heating efficiency : Actual measurement obtained by applying KS B 8109
                                                                                                                             and KS B 8127 measurement method
                                                                 Standard consumption efficiency (lm/W)                   2. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Market Transformation Through
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                             Luminance efficiency of a given model (lm/W)                    decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

       1. Standard consumption efficiency: Values determined by the “Operational regulation on machinery
          and materials subject to efficiency management”
       2. Luminance efficiency: Actual measurements obtained by applying measurement methods                                        External power supplies
          specified in KS C 7601 and “Regulation on stabilization certification”

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Cooperation and Current
       3. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and
                                                                                                                             Apply MEPS without assigning energy efficiency level index(R)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Overview of Energy Efficiency
          the increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                  Ballasts for fluorescent lamps                                                                          MEPS is operational efficiency and they are obtained by applying measurement methods specified
                                                                                                                          by the “Operational regulation on machinery and materials subject to efficiency management”
           Apply MEPS without assigning energy efficiency level index(R)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Energy Efficiency
       MEPS is relative efficiency and they are obtained by applying measurement methods specified in

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Standards and Labeling
       KS C 81021 and “Regulation on stabilization certification”
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        +
24   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                               Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   25
+                                                +                                                                                                      +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                               www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                        Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                  Electric cooling and heating equipments                                                                          Window sets

                                                                      Cooling period energy efficiency                       R(Energy efficiency level index) = Heat transmission coefficient (W/(m2∙K))
                                                                     + Heating period energy efficiency
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                     2
                                                                                                                          1. Heat transmission coefficient: Actual measurements obtained by applying
                                                                                                                             KS F 2278. This indicates the level of insulation performance. The lower
       1. Cooling period energy efficiency, heating period energy efficiency: Actual measurements obtained
                                                                                                                             value indicates better insulation performance.
          by applying measurement methods specified in KS C 9306
                                                                                                                          2. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the
       2. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers
                                                                                                                             increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                  Commercial refrigerators                                                                                               TVs

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                                                             Maximum power consumption of a given                                                                    Power consumption at operational mode (W)
                                                             model (kWh/month)                                               R(Energy efficiency level index) =
           R(Energy efficiency level index) =                                                                                                                             The square root of display area (√
                                                                                                                                                                                                           m2 )
                                                             Monthly power consumption of a given
                                                             model (kWh/month)
                                                                                                                          1. Power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying measuring
       1. Maximum power consumption: The lower limit of the Minimum Energy Performance Standard (5th                         methods specified in KS C IEC 62087.
          grade) and the values are obtained from the reference equation.                                                 2. Decreasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
       2. Monthly power consumption: Actual measurements obtained by applying KS C IEC 62552                                 increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Energy Efficiency Management Policies
          measurement methods
       3. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                 Gas water heaters

           R(Energy efficiency level index) = Rated hot water efficiency (%)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Energy Efficient Appliances
       1. Hot water efficiency: Actual measurements obtained by applying KS B 8116 measurement methods
       2. Increasing numbers of “R” corresponds to getting close to 1st grade and the decreasing numbers
          of “R” corresponds to getting close to 5th grade

                     Transformers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Overview of Energy Efficiency
           Apply MEPS without assigning energy efficiency level index (R)

       MEPS is efficiency and they are obtained by applying measurement methods specified in KS C
       4306, KS C 4311, KS C 4316, KS C 4317

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Standards and Labeling
 +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        +
26   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                               Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   27
+                                       +                                                                                                              +
      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                      www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                                Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                     2- High-efficiency Appliance                                                                   Legal basis
                                                                                                                  “Regulation on promotion and dissemination of high energy efficiency appliances”(Ministry
                            Certification Program                                                                of Knowledge Economy) based on Article 21(Certification of high-efficiency equipment) and
                                                                                                                 Article 22(Post management of high-efficiency equipment) of the Rational Energy Utilization

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                 Act.

                                                                                                                     Program operating organization
            Overview
                                                                                                                   Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO), delegated by Ministry of Knowledge
        The program certifies products for industry and
                                                                                                                 Economy (MKE), operates the program in partnership with 300 lighting equipments, heavy
      buildings as high-efficiency appliances, where the
                                                                                                                 electric equipments, boiler and other manufacturers. Currently, 34 products with over 5,000
      energy efficiency and quality test results are above the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                                                                                                                 models are certified.
      certification standards set by the government. KEMCO
      issues a high-efficiency appliance certificate. Financial
      supports are provided for high-efficiency LED lighting
                                                                                                                     Application procedure for high-efficiency energy appliances certification
      equipments and few other high-efficiency appliances.                                                         Manufacturers interested in receiving high-efficiency appliance certification shall apply for
                                                                                                                 certification to KEMCO by submitting ①the certification application, ②documents on
          �   What are high-efficiency appliances?                                                               maintenance of certified efficiency, and ③a performance testing report issued by designated

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                 testing institutes.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Energy Efficiency Management Policies
         High-efficiency and high energy efficiency products are certified by KEMCO where they satisfy
         the energy efficiency and quality certification standards of the designated testing institutes.

                                                                                                                      Schematic diagram of application procedure for high-efficiency appliances certification

            Policy characteristics
                                                                                                                                                                                             KEMCO
         Voluntary certification scheme                                                                                                       ③    Application

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                  (Registration fee)       1. Review application documents and request

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                       ▶      supplementary documents if necessary
                                                                                                                         Applicant for
            Target products                                                                                                                   ④   On-site assessment       2. Process registration upon the receipt of
                                                                                                                         certification    ▶
                                                                                                                                                                              registration fee
                                                                                                                                                                           3. Circulation of the results of technology and
         Sensor lighting equipments, heat recovery ventilators, pumps, centrifugal screw chillers,                                        ▶   ⑤   Issue certificate
                                                                                                                                                                              document review
      uninterruptible power systems, industrial gas boilers, electronic ballasts for metal halide lamps,                                                                   4. Registration and issuance of certificate

                                                                                                                            ▶
      electronic ballasts for natrium lamps, inverters, auto thermostatic valves for heating, LED
      traffic lights, multi-function type switch gear systems, direct-fired absorption chiller-heaters,                                       ①   Request testing

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                                                       ▶
                                                                                                                                                                               Designated testing institute

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Overview of Energy Efficiency
      single phase motors, ventilation fans, centrifugal blowers, submersible aerators, metal-halide                                          ②   Test results
      lamps, reflectors for HID lamps, oil burning water boilers, industrial oil boilers, LED guide
      lights, regenerative burners, turbo blowers, thermo-hygrostats, LED lamps(internal converter),
      LED Lamps(external converter), recessed and fixed LED light fixtures, LED security light
      fixtures, LED sensor light fixtures, LED converters, PLS light fixtures, high air tight insulated
      doors, fixtures for ultra constant discharge lamps (34 products).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Standards and Labeling
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28   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                               Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   29
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      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                          www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                                                 Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                                                                                                                         Program operating organization
                     3- e-Standby Program
                                                                                                                      Korea Energy Management Corporation (KEMCO), delegated by Ministry of Knowledge
                                                                                                                     Economy (MKE), operates the program in partnership with 150 electronic manufacturers.
                                                                                                                     Currently, 22 products with over 9,000 models are registered.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
                                                                                                                         Energy saving performance
            Overview
                                                                                                                       Products with the Energy Boy label save 30~50% more energy than ordinary products.
        The program encourages the adoption of
      energy saving modes while the appliances are                                                                       Product reporting procedure
      idle and the minimization of standby power. An

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
      Energy Boy label is attached to those products                                                                   Manufacturers or importers can have their products classified as either products with high
      that meet the standards for standby power.                                                                     standby reduction potentials or standby warning label target products. Applications are
      Standby warning label is attached to those                                                                     submitted for each product model and application documents include ①the reporting form, ②
      products that do not meet the specified standby                                                                the performance test report, and ③a picture of the product or a brochure. The performance test
      power standards. It is the core program to                                                                     report can be issued by a designated testing institute or the corporation itself if it is designated
                                                               ”Energy Boy”label Standby warning label
      reduce standby power below 1W by 2010.                       (voluntary)        (mandatory)                    as a self-certified testing institute. The application can be confirmed by checking the list of
        In particular, all e-Standby Program target
                                                                                                                     standby power products on the internet (http://www.kemco.or.kr).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
      products should ①be subject to mandatory reporting of standby power ②and mandatory

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Energy Efficiency Management Policies
      indication of standby warning label on appliances that fall below the standby power standards
      (a fine of below 5 thousand dollars in case of violation).
                                                                                                                           Schematic diagram of e-Standby Program reporting procedure
          �   Standby power?
          Computers, set-top boxes and other electronic appliances consume a significant amount of energy
          while awaiting instructions to provide full services. Standby power includes power consumption in                                                                                                                   Public sector
          off mode, no load mode, passive standby mode where the remote control is turned off, active
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ■ Public procurement

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Market Transformation Through
          standby mode during network communication and sleep mode during operation.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             services
                                                                                                                                                                        ②   Internet         Internet                      ■ Public organizations
                                                                                                                                                                            registration
                                                                                                                         Manufacturers ①       Reporting
                                                                                                                                                           ▶   KEMCO                     ▶   products
                                                                                                                                                                                                            ④   Purchase
            Policy characteristics                                                                                                                                                           list        ▶
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Consumers

         Mandatory reporting scheme                                                                                                                                                                                           International
                                                                                                                                                                                                     ⑤   Information          cooperation
                                                                                                                                           ③    Energy Boy or standby warning label                      exchange
            Target products                                                                                                                     labeling after confirming registration           ◀                         ■ APEC

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 International Cooperation and Current
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ▶
                                                                                                                                      ◀                                                                                    ■ IEA, IEA 4E

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Overview of Energy Efficiency
        Computers, monitors, printers, fax machines, copiers, scanners, multi-function devices,
      energy saving & controlling devices, televisions, video cassette recorders, home audio products,
      DVD players, microwave ovens, set-top boxes, door phones, cord/cordless phones, radios,
      bidets, modems, home gateways, servers, hand dryers (22 products)

            Legal basis

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 International Energy Efficiency
       “e-Standby Program application regulation”(Ministry of Knowledge Economy notification)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Standards and Labeling
      based on Article 18(Designation of standby power reduction target products) and Article
      19(Designation of standby warning label target products), Article 20 (Indication of high
      standby power reduction products) and Article 21 (Post management of target standby power
      reduction products) of the Rational Energy Utilization Act.
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30   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                   Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs   31
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      KOREA’S ENERGY STANDARDS & LABELING                                                   www.kemco.or.kr                                                                                                                           Market Transformation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Energy and Low Carbon Green Growth
                     4- Policy Implementation Organizations                                                   5- Overview of 3 Major Energy Standards
                                                                                                                & Labeling Programs

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs
        Ministry of Knowledge Economy(MKE) and Korea Energy Management Corporation
                                                                                                                    Program                    Overview                                                Target products
      (KEMCO) are the key organizations in implementing energy efficiency standards and labeling.
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Refrigerators (MEPS+Label)                   ◉   3 phase electric motors (MEPS)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Freezers (MEPS+Label)                        ◉   Domestic gas boilers (MEPS+Label)
        MKE drafts policy and regulations on energy efficiency standards and labeling and KEMCO                                                                           ◉ Kimchi refrigerators (MEPS+Label)            ◉   External power supplies (MEPS)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Air conditioners (MEPS+Label)                ◉   Electric cooling and heating
      implements and operates them. As an example, Korea’s three major energy efficiency standards

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Promotion of High-efficiency Appliances
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Washing machines (MEPS+Label)                    equipment (MEPS+Label)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Drum washing machines (MEPS+Label)           ◉   Industrial electric refrigerators
      & labeling programs (Energy Efficiency Label and Standard Program, High-efficiency                                                                                  ◉ Dish washers (MEPS+Label)                        (MEPS+Label)
      Appliance Certification Program, e-Standby Program) were drafted by MKE notification based                      Energy                                              ◉ Dish dryers (MEPS+Label)                     ◉   Gas water heaters (MEPS+Label)
                                                                                                                                    ◉ Increasing energy efficiency
                                                                                                                 Efficiency Label     - controlling efficiency when in
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Hot and cold water dispensers                ◉   TVs (MEPS+Label)
      on the Rational Energy Utilization Act. However, the government (MKE) has delegated its                                                                               (MEPS+Label)                                 ◉   Window sets (MEPS+Label)
                                                                                                                  and Standard          operation
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Rice cookers (MEPS+Label)                    ◉   Transformers (MEPS)
      power to KEMCO to operate the three major energy efficiency programs.                                          Program        ◉ Mandatory reporting
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Vacuum cleaners (MEPS+Label)                 ◉   Electric fan heaters (MEPS)
                                                                                                                                    ◉ Mandatory indication of energy      ◉ Electric fans (MEPS+Label)                   ◉   Electric stoves (MEPS)
                                                                                                                  (32 products)
                                                                                                                                      efficiency label                    ◉ Air cleaners (MEPS+Label)                    ◉   VRF multi-split heat pumps
        KEMCO reports to MKE on the progress of the implementation of the three major energy                                        ◉ MEPS
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Incandescent lamps (MEPS+Label)                  (MEPS+Label)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Accomplishments over the 19 years of Implementing
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Fluorescent lamps (MEPS+Label)               ◉   Dehumidifiers (MEPS+Label)
      efficiency programs. In summary, MKE makes policies on national energy efficiency and                                           - Prohibits production and sales

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Energy Efficiency Management Policies
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Ballasts for fluorescent lamps (MEPS)        ◉   Tyres (Label)
                                                                                                                                        of products that fall below the
      KEMCO executes the policies.                                                                                                      standard
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Compact fluorescent lamps                    ◉   Automobiles (Label)
                                                                                                                                                                             (MEPS+Label)

                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Single phase motors                       ◉   Direct-fired absorption
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Sensor lighting equipment                     Chiller-heaters
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Heat recovery ventilators                 ◉   Thermo hygrostat
             Organizations involved in implementing three major energy standards & labeling programs                                                                      ◉   Ventilation fans                          ◉   LED lamps (internal converter)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Centrifugal blowers                       ◉   LED lamps (external converter)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Metal-halide lamps                        ◉   LED security light fixtures
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Reflectors for HID lamps                  ◉   LED sensor light fixtures
                                                                                                                 High-Efficiency                                          ◉   Oil burning water boilers                 ◉   LED converters

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Market Transformation Through
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Industrial oil boilers                    ◉   PLS light fixtures

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Energy Efficient Appliances
                                                                                                                    Appliance                                             ◉   Pumps                                     ◉   High air tight insulated doors
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Uninterruptible power systems             ◉   Fixtures for ultra constant
                                                                                                                   Certification                                          ◉   Industrial gas boilers                        discharge lamps
                  MKE                                                                                                               ◉ High-efficiency equipment
                                                                                                                    Program           for industry and buildings
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Electronic ballasts for metal halide      ◉   Regenerative burners
                                                                                                                                                                              lamps                                     ◉   Turbo blowers
                                                                                                                  (34 products)     ◉ Voluntary participation             ◉   Electronic ballasts for natrium           ◉   LED guide lights
                                                                                                                                      - Financial incentives                  lamps                                     ◉   Centrifugal screw chillers
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Inverters                                 ◉   Submersible arators
                                                                                                                                    ◉ High efficiency equipment label
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉   Auto thermostatic valves for              ◉   Recessed and fixed LED light
                                                                                                                                      - Indication and issuance of            heating                                       fixtures
                                                        Manufacturers                                                                   certificate                       ◉   LED traffic lights

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      International Cooperation and Current
                                                        (Household appliances,                                                                                            ◉   Multi-function type switchgear

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Overview of Energy Efficiency
                                                        lighting fixtures, motors,                                                                                            systems
                                                       boilers, automobiles, etc)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉  Computers (Standby warning label target)   ◉ DVD players
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉  Monitors (Standby warning label target)      (Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Printers (Standby warning label target)     ◉ Microwave ovens
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Fax machines                                  (Standby warning label target)
                KEMCO                                                                                                                                                       (Standby warning label target)              ◉ Set-top boxes(warning label target)
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Copiers (Standby warning label target)      ◉ Door phones
                                                                                                                                                                          ◉ Scanners (Standby warning label target)       (Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                    e-Standby                                             ◉ Multi-function devices                      ◉ Cord/cordless phones
                                                                                                                     Program        ◉ Controlling energy consumption        (Standby warning label target)                (Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                  (22 products)       in standby power mode               ◉ Energy saving & controlling devices         ◉ Radios(Standby warning label target)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      International Energy Efficiency
                                                                                                                                    ◉ Mandatory reporting                 ◉ Servers                                     ◉ Bidets(Standby warning label target)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Standards and Labeling
                                                                                                                                      - Standby warning label             ◉ Hand dryers                                 ◉ Modems(Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                                        target products                   ◉ Televisions(Standby warning label target)   ◉ Home gateway
                                                                                                                                    ◉ Mandatory indication of standby
                                                                                                                                      warning label product               ◉ Video cassette recorders                      (Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                                    ◉ Voluntary indication of Energy        (Standby warning label target)
                                                                                                                                      Boy label                           ◉ Home audio products
                                                                                                                                                                            (Standby warning label target)
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32   Performance Improvements during the 19 Years and a Vision for the Future                                                                                                                                 Ⅱ. Three Major Energy Efficiency Programs          33
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