Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 - Christian Dreisbach Technical University of Munich Physics Department - CERN ...
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Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 Christian Dreisbach Technical University of Munich Physics Department DAQ FEET 2021 February 9th 2021 Online/ZOOM On behalf of AMBER Proton Charge-Radius Working Group
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich The Proton-Radius Puzzle Data from spectroscopy and e-p scattering Several experiments with different approaches measured the proton radius with contradicting results. ep scattering MAMI Be • Hydrogen spectroscopy: µp spectroscopy CREMA Po → muonic or ordinary hydrogen → highest precision using laser spectroscopy All ep scattering data, no MAMI Zh → favoured value of (0.841±0.001) fm CODATA M µp spectroscopy CREMA A CODATA M • Electron-hydrogen scattering: ep spectroscopy Be → measurement using momentum transfer ep spectroscopy Fl → recent data: MAMI A1 (2010) or JLab (2011) CODATA CO → favoured value of (0.879±0.008) fm → new in 2019: PRad value of (0.831±0.014) fm ep scattering MAMI M ep spectroscopy Be ep scattering JLab X • Two significantly different values obtained µp scattering AMBER Pr → the proton-radius puzzle 0.82 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.90 rp (fm) Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 2
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Upcoming Experiments Addressing the Puzzle New data from lepton-proton scattering Several proposed and preparing experiments to solve the puzzle in the next years. • PRad: electron-proton with Ee = 1.1/2.2 GeV → Recent publication of results: smaller value → PRad2: detector upgrade planned • MAMI: electron-proton with Ee < 750 MeV → Two new experiments in preparation • MAGIX-MESA: electron-proton with Ee < 150 MeV → Electric and magnetic form factor → New accelerator - start in 2024 • MUSE: muon/electron-proton with Ee,µ < 140 MeV → Comparison of electron and muon scattering → Start of data taking in 2019 • Missing: muon-proton with Eµ of (10 - 100 GeV) → Data for high-energy elastic muon-proton scattering → Different systematics compared to other Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 3
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Beamline for High-Energy Muon Beams The M2 beamline at the CERN SPS Located at the North Area of CERN the unique M2 beamline provides a high-intensity muon beam. COMPASS M2 beamline COMPASS M2 beamline • Muon momenta up to 200 GeV/c with a flux up to 107 µ/s • Measurement could be performed at the site of the current COMPASS experiment Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 4
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich How to Determine the Proton Charge-Radius? Cross section, form factor, and the proton charge-radius Measurement of electric form factor allows to calculate proton charge-radius. • Electric form-factor GE defines the proton charge-radius at momentum transfer Q2 = 0: 2 2 2 dG E (Q ) < rp > = − 6ℏ ⋅ dQ 2 Q 2→0 • Access to form factors GE2 and GM2 in Rosenbluth separation of cross section: dσ μp→μp 4πα 2 ( ) 2 2 = R ϵGE +τGM dQ 2 Q4 pμ⃗ − τ (s − 2mp2(1 + τ)) Eμ2 − τ (s − mμ2) 2 Q2 R= ϵ= τ= pμ⃗ (1 + τ) pμ⃗ − τ (s − 2mp2(1 + τ)) (4mP2) 2 2 • Suppress magnetic form factor GM2 → Requires τ → 0 → Measurement at low-Q2 values of (
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Proposal of a New Measurement High-energy elastic muon-proton scattering Measurement of the cross section of elastic muon-proton scattering using the CERN M2 beamline at the site of the current COMPASS experiment. • Measure as close as possible to Q2 = 0 • Deviation between previous data-sets: • Sufficient range to determine radius: → Mainz and PRad: Q2 > 0.01 GeV2/c2 → Aimed precision of below 1 % → Inconsistency with other radii extractions → Aimed Q2-range: 0.001 - 0.04 GeV2/c2 • Goal: Understanding of this situation 1.015 PRad data Mainz fit Alarcon 19, rp = 0.841 fm PRad fit Mainz fit, forced rp = 0.841 fm This proposal, projected stat. errors Mainz data Arrington 07 1.01 rp = 0.831 fm 1.005 PRad 1 GE /Gstd. dipole J. C. Bernauer 0.995 Mainz 0.99 0.985 0.98 COMPASS++/AMBER 0.975 rp = 0.879 fm rp = 0.841 fm 0.97 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 Q2 [(GeV/c)2 ] Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 6
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Layout of Proton-Radius Measurement in 2022 Measurement of low-Q2 elastic-scattering Detection of low-energetic recoil-protons and scattered muons with small scattering-angle. • Silicon trackers along large leaver-arm to measure small scattering-angles CERN-SPSC-2019-022; SPSC-P-360 • Fiber tracker timing and trigger (fallback) • TPC as an active target with the ability to measure the low-energetic recoil-proton • New continuously-running DAQ 9m 3.0 m 2.5 m 3.0 m Incident muon Scattered muon Recoil proton PRM-SI01 PRM-SI02 PRM-SI03 PRM-SI04 PRM-FI01 PRM-FI02 PRM-TPC PRM-FI03 PRM-FI04 Scintillating-fiber tracker Silicon tracker High-pressure hydrogen time-projection chamber Helium/vacuum beam pipe Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 7
9m 9m 3.5 m Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries 3.5 m 1.4 m 1.4 m 3.5 m 3.5 m Physics Department Technical University of Munich Layout of Proton-Radius Measurement in 2022 Incident muon Incident muon Scattered muon Scattered muon Recoil proton Recoil proton Advantages of using the COMPASS spectrometer PRM-SI01 PRM-SI02 PRM-SI03 PRM-SI04 PRM-SI01 PRM-SI02 PRM-SI03 PRM-FI01 PRM-FI02 PRM-TPC PRM-FI03 PRM-FI01 PRM-FI02 PRM-TPC Measurement of muon momentum and understanding of background 9m 3.0 m 2.5 m 3.0 m Scintillating-fiber tracker Silicon tracker Scintillating-fiber tracker High-pressure hydrogen Silicon time-projection chamber tracker Helium/vacuum High-pressure hydrogen time-projectionbeam pipe chamber He Incident muon Scattered muon Recoil proton 2022-2024 PRM SETUP PRM SETUP 2022-2024 PRM-SI01 PRM-SI02 PRM-SI03 PRM-SI04 PRM-FI01 PRM-FI02 PRM-TPC PRM-FI03 PRM-FI04 Scintillating-fiber tracker Silicon tracker High-pressure hydrogen time-projection chamber Helium/vacuum beam pipe Scintillating-fiber tracker Scintillating-fiber tracker CERN-SPSC-2019-022; SPSC-P-360 GEMs / Pixel-GEMs GEMs / Pixel-GEMs Electromagnetic calorimeter Electromagnetic calorimeter Hodoscope Hodoscope Magnet Magnet Concrete COMPASS spectrometer Concrete COMPASS spectrometer (only relevant parts shown) (only relevant parts shown) SPS M2 beam line SPS M2 beam line Concrete wall wall Muon filter 2 Concrete HI05X1 ECAL2 ECAL2 BMS1 BMS5 BMS2 BMS3 BMS6 BMS4 BMS1 BMS5 BMS2 BMS3 BMS6 BMS4 SM1 SM2 SM1 SM2 FI01 FI05 FI55 FI06 FI07 FI08 FI01 FI05 FI55 FI06 FI07 FI08 -140 -100 -60 -140 -20 -100 -10 -60 0 -20 10 -10 20 0 30 10 40 20 50 30 m Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 8
PRM-SI01 PRM-SI02 PRM-SI03 PRM-SI04 PRM-FI01 PRM-FI02 PRM-TPC PRM-FI03 Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Scintillating-fiber tracker Silicon tracker High-pressure hydrogen time-projection chamber Helium/vacuum beam pipe Layout of Proton-Radius Measurement in 2022 2022-2024 PRM Advantages of using the COMPASS spectrometer SETUP Measurement of muon momentum and understanding of background. Scintillating-fiber tracker CERN-SPSC-2019-022; SPSC-P-360 GEMs / Pixel-GEMs Electromagnetic calorimeter Hodoscope Magnet Concrete COMPASS spectrometer (only relevant parts shown) SPS M2 beam line Concrete wall Muon filter 2 HI05X1 ECAL2 BMS1 BMS5 BMS2 BMS3 BMS6 BMS4 SM1 SM2 FI01 FI05 FI55 FI06 FI07 FI08 -140 -100 -60 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 m • COMPASS spectrometer → Momentum measurement of scattered muon → Radiative background using electromagnetic calorimeter → Muon identification with muon filter and hodoscope Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 9
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Control of Systematic Effects Absolut calibration, inefficiencies, and background Understanding of systematic effects is crucial for precision. • Absolute calibration of the TPC recoil-proton energy-scale µbeam pµ p0µ µscatter • Inefficiencies in recoil-proton measurement • Cross check of TPC measurement ⇤ (Q2 ) Redundant measurement to control systematics → Measurement of scattered muon kinematics pp p0p ptarget precoil • Lepton-proton scattering accompanied by bremsstrahlung → NLO process on (10-4) level for Eγ > 500 MeV → Distortion of Q2-spectrum Advantage: Usage of COMPASS spectrometer → Understanding of background J. Friedrich → Measurement of muon kinematic Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 10
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Schedule for Proton-Charge Radius Measurement Preliminary feedback SPSC April meeting Tentative planning for the upcoming three years “The AMBER proton radius experiment (core program) wil Schedule for the setup, preparation and pilot run with the likely run in 2022, keeping again in mind that at this poin following main data taking and concluding systematic it is not at all clear how much NA operations will be delayed. studies. SPSC Minutes April Meeting (CERN-SPSC-2020-013): “The SPSC recommended a pilot run for Ambe (SPSC-P-360) on M2 in 2021.” Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 11 : r t l ”
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Challenges of the new Experiment Novel measurement using TPC and tracking Combination of active-target TPC measurement with tracking and a new DAQ system. Hardware: Software: • TPC: • Event reconstruction: → Beam-induced ionisation-noise → Tracking and vertexing efficiency → Pressure and beam rate dependence → Real data with new DAQ and detectors → Read-out segmentation / electronic noise → Drift-time control (P,T) / gas-purification system • Event matching: → Beam rate dependence / efficiency • Fiber Tracker: → TPC Read-out segmentation → Beam + halo influence → Possible trigger logic (HLT) and efficiency • Monitoring hardware and data quality: → Alignment control → Statistic and data quality essential → Online monitoring / reconstruction • Silicon Tracker: → Beam + halo influence Additional: Spectrometer detectors (SciFis, GEM, → Infrastructure / cooling ECAL2, MWPC, Hodoscopes) → Alignment control → Hit timing with Fiber Tracker • DAQ: → Completely new continuously-running DAQ Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 12
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Pilot Run 2021 - Part Ia: Downstream Location Part I: Parasitic tests at downstream location beginning 2021 Many general beam / equipment tests can be performed in parasitically to COMPASS run at the test location and the laboratory. • From beam test in 2018: → broad muon beam (position and momentum) • General test of basic beam related features → background / noise / tracking / alignment • DAQ, infrastructure and quality assurance tests • Limited space (other tests and HI05) and access → only simple “flying” tests of components ~ 8 metres (2018) ~ 4 metres (2021) Beam Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 13
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Pilot Run 2021 - Part Ib: CEDAR Location Part II: Tests at CEDAR location Precise beam / measurement tests can be performed close to final measurement conditions. • From simulations: → Well-focused beam - similar to final target position in 2022 Provided by D. Banerjee and J. Bernhard • Allows beam-profile related tests: → Beam-rate studies • Pilot run with similar conditions to 2022/2023 → Space available: Comparable layout • 20 days dedicated beam time → Advantage: Coordinate with COMPASS to find best slot ~13 metres Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 14
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich SPS Injector Time-Lines Draft for 2021 13.09. possible time-slot 02.10. Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 15
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Outlook - Possible Schedule for the Future: 2021 - 2023 Unclear situation of beam time sharing for the near future Transition phase within the next years requires test measurements of various experiments. 2021: 1. COMPASS: Transversity Deuteron Run (Part I) 1. AMBER - PRM: Possibility of parasitic testing (in close communication with COMPASS) 2. AMBER - PRM: Pilot run of 20 days dedicated beam time (possible time slot: 13.09. - 02.10.) 2022: 1. COMPASS: Transversity Deuteron Run (Part II) → Goal: reach sufficient statistics (150 days) 2. AMBER - Anti-Proton: Test run of 10 days (+7 days construction + 21 days removal) 3. AMBER - PRM: Data Taking (Part I) • AMBER - PRM: Construction and commissioning (21 days + 14 days) 2023: 1. AMBER - PRM: Data Taking (Part II) → Goal: reach sufficient statistics (150 days) • AMBER - PRM: Removal (14 days) Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 16
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Summary - Objectives Pilot Run in Phase I (2021) Development schedule for 2021/2022 Very tight schedule in terms of time, funding and man power. Nevertheless, developments are progressing on all subjects. • Preparation along 2021: → Implementation and testing of continuously running DAQ system and detector readouts → Detector construction and tests: new silicon and fiber prototypes and modified IKAR TPC → Development/adaption of software for novel event reconstruction, monitoring and analysis → Implementation and test of quality assurance and monitoring • Main objectives until end of 2021 - pilot run: → Read out of detectors with new continuously-running DAQ system → TPC - IKAR: beam influence and noise behaviour + event reconstruction (readout plane studies) → Tracking: 4 space-point measurements: → Best: only final detectors (Silicon Tracker + Fiber Tracker) → 4x Silicon planes (space) and 2x Fibers (Timing) Optimal case: → Event reconstruction with new DAQ framework: Full chain of data taking to really → Proton reconstruction in TPC identify issues. → Matching of muon and proton → Extract Q2-spectrum But: Is it realistic? • Until first quarter of 2022: → Tackling identified issues and construction of final silicons, fibers and final TPC Christian Dreisbach | 9th February 2021 | DAQ FEET 2021 - Objectives of the PRM Pilot Run in 2021 17
Institute for Hadronic Structure and Fundamental Symmetries Physics Department Technical University of Munich Thank you for your attention
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