"Rumors" in Social Networking and their Negative Impact TITUS offers excep-tional mobility
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[ A Specialized Monthly Journal On Military & Strategic Affairs ] 43nd Year | Issue No. 511 | August 2014
“Rumors” in Social
Networking and their
Negative Impact
TITUS offers excep-
tional mobility
EXC
LUSI
VE
HH Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed:
UAE has achieved remarkable progress
Nipping Rumors
A rumor is just a fast moving “message”, intended to bring about confusion or chaos
to achieve objectives that are mostly destructive, because they exploit the public’s
curiosity to know the news in an attempt to achieve their circulators’ targeted influ-
ence, especially in times of crisis. It also seeks to promote unfounded stories, and
relies on exaggeration and distortion of the news in order to influence public opin-
By:
ion for different goals. Staff Major\ Yousef Juma
Social networking has become one of the most important tools that are used nega-
tively in spreading rumors, on the grounds that the prevalence of rumors is directly AL Hadad
proportional to the progress in communication technology and the proliferation
rates of social networking among members of the community. Editor in Chief
The initiative of HH Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of yas.adc@gmail.com
Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces to deny rumors
related to the health of the President of UAE during the past few days (Khalifa is
Well) provides a good example of how to deal decisively with such rumors. His
Highness’ response to this rumor in a clear and conclusive language underscores the
deep understanding of His Highness of the effects of the spread of such and other
rumors through social networking. HH is one of the leaders who deal with social
networking with openness and awareness that it has become awidespread meansone
of the tools of modern era, so it is necessary to deal with it openly and useit in the in-
terest of the nation, while avoiding its negative effects. To act effectively and clearly
with rumors that spread through social networks has become necessary in order
to nip them in the bud. Therefore,the remarks of His Highness in this regard have
been a real model for the positive engagement with harmful rumorsand eliminating
themin the bud. His Highness has, as usual, shown officials by example how to deal
with this kind of news and not just to ignore it or wait for its effect to disappear.
On the other hand we all, before promoting any news,should take care not to cir-
culate any newsthat comes to them through social networks or their smart phones
before they check the official sources of the news in the country, so as stop those who
seek to create confusion and chaos in society.
Rumorsare contrary to the teachings of Islam, because religion is keen on the
safety of the community from all that affects its members, including bad ethics, false
beliefs or negative behavior. The Qur’an and Sunnah have warned against rumors
in many verses and traditions.The Glorious Qur’an states, “O you who believe!if an
evil-doer comes to you with a report, look carefully into it, lest you harm a people in
ignorance, then be sorry for what you have done.” The Prophet, peace be upon him,
said: “A Muslim is one who keeps other Muslims safe from his tongue and hand.”
Finally, local media need to develop a preventive information strategy in order to
raise community awareness of the concept of rumors and the conditions associated
with their initiation, evolution, dangers and their implications. It is also necessary
to adopt a positive approach to a positive proactive media approach, as was done by
H.H. the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, when he denied the rumors immediately in
clear and explicit words since HH realizes the danger of leaving such rumors affect
the public•
Editorial
| Issue 511 |Aug 2014 | 3
A Specialized Monthly Journal on Military
and Strategic Affairs
Issued By UAE Armed Forces.
Established In August 1971.
General Supervisor
Chairman of the Administrative Council
General \ Matar Salem Ali AL Dhaheri 06
>
FRICA GEARS UP FOR AERO-
A
Vice Chairman of the Administrative Council
Brigadier \ Hassan Abdel Wahab Al Hamadi
SPACE, DEFENSE SHOWCASE
Editor in Chief
10
Staff Lieutenant-Colonel \ Yousef Juma AL Hadad <
Editorial Manager
Major \ Jassim Shaheen Al Bloushi Record $201bn
Art Director sales at Farnbor-
Moza Al Ali ough
Editorial Consultant
Mohamed Almusharaf Khalifa
Sub-Editors
Mariam Al Romaithi
Editorial Board
46
Amal Salem Al Hosani <
Jameela Al Kaabi
Layout & Design
” Rumors” in So-
Suad Al neaimi cial Networking
Huda Al Attas and their Nega-
Ahmed Mhammoud tive Impact
Photos Archive
Fatima Al Naqbi
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1\Lt Khalil Mohammed Al Kaabi Tel: +971 (2) 4415999 FAX: +971 (2) 4078191
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Ahmed Abdul Wahhab Al hammadi E-Mail (Edit):nation05@eim.ae; alwattan@eim.ae website: www.nationshield.ae
4 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |
COVER
511
50
<
THE UAE’S
APPROACH
TO REGIONAL
SECURITY
54
<
Raytheon EKV
ballistic mis- HH Sheikh: Hamdan Bin Zayed:
sile destroys UAE recorded very high rates in
the level of long life,education,
target in space standard of living per capita in-
come ,gender equality and social
welfare.
40
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RABDAN IBC
TAWAZUN edit. 27
58 Drones the future? NORTHROP GRUMMAN
TAWAZUN
56
BC
<
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be taken as the views of Nation Shield Journal.
The publication of advertisements does not in any way imply endorsement by the Nation
Shield Journal.
All rights reserved.
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 5
Events AFRICA GEARS UP FOR AEROSPACE, AAD2014 - The leading expo of air, sea and land technologies on continent The countdown is on to the Africa Aer- manager at AAD. together worldwide industry players to ospace and Defence (AAD2014), the It is jointly hosted and presented by showcase the latest technologies. premier exhibition of air, sea and land Aerospace Maritime and Defence In- technologies on the African continent. dustries Association of South Africa Industry esteem AAD2014 will once again bring to- (AMD), the Commercial Aviation As- Ninety nine per cent of the indoor gether industries from all over the sociation of Southern Africa (CAASA) space and 89 per cent of the outdoor world to showcase the latest technologi- and the Aerospace and the Armament space have been sold, which gives an cal innovations. This year’s show will Corporation of South Africa (Arms- indication of the esteem in which the have many more exhibitors than in the cor). exhibition is held in the industry. past plus two new first time country ex- Substantial support is also received Experts say there is no better time to hibitors – Argentina and Uganda. from National Government and the co- establish your presence in Africa than With 30 confirmed participating operation of the Department of Defence to exhibit with AAD2014. The quality countries and 14 national pavilions, as well as the Department of Trade and of attendees is unparalleled and the net- AAD2014 will host an excellent mix of Industry. The exhibition takes place on working opportunities endless. first-timers and repeat exhibitors, some a biennial basis in September. AAD2012 hosted a good mix of first- with increased exhibition space. The first three days of the exhibition timers and repeat exhibitors as well as “This event will provide excellent are traditionally trade days, followed by attendees. Whether it is defense and marketing opportunities for exhibitors two air show days that are open to the security, commercial aviation, maritime wishing to promote their products and public. Hosted in the city of Tshwane, and more, AAD2014 aims to put exhib- services amongst African countries,” the eighth installment of the event Sep- itors at the center of the world’s fastest says Sandile Nqayi, marketing & PR tember 17-21 and will once again bring growing market. 6 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |
E, DEFENSE SHOWCASE
AAD2014 organisers have met for-
mally to introduce official contractors Many new defence industry to sponsor career
development for the youth who will
to the participating exhibitors to pre-
sent the processes that will be in place
exhibitors taking eventually benefit the industry. YDP
is planning a number of activaties pre-
before, during and after the exhibition.
AAD has, for the first time, launched
space at September AAD2014 such as roadshows, and sci-
ence and maths competition.
a MobiEvents app that will keep AAD event The public will be treated to a mass
attendees updated with the full exhi- parachute drop, a mini-war re-enact-
bition experience. This is a one-stop ment which will see Special Forces
mobile event guide for AAD2014 ex- Pathfinders parachuted in to the secure
hibition and airshow, featuring a show area followed by the insertion of troops,
programme, venue map, ticket sales, vehicles and the air-dropping of sup-
admission rules of the airshow as well plies.
as live news updates. The MobiEventshangar, together with the Department There will be aircraft participating in
app will be available for free download
of Defence, where the youth will en- aerobatic displays and the popular truck
from the Apple App Store and Androidjoy interactive programmes, such as and armoured vehicles in the displays at
marketplace. plasticvirtual aviation, simulator, target the mobility demonstration track. The
shooting, first-aid and the intricacies of local favourites like the Gripen, Hawk
Youth programme crime scene investigation. and Silver Falcons will be expected to
A Youth Development Programme YDP encourages South African com- thrill the crowds during the airshow
(YDP) will be staged in a dedicated panies in the aerospace, maritime and days.
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 7
Events
AAD generates new business with AAD2012 FACTS AND FIGURES track, on which land-based vehicles will
African and international companies. be tested as they tackle a challenging
It’s where participants create partner- 7 hangars obstacle course over difficult terrains
ships, showcase new innovations and 15 national pavilions and water features.
products, network, speak to decision 347 exhibitors from 26 countries
40 000 trade visitors from 101 countries
makers, establish sales leads and do 92 983 general public visitors Aircraft
deals onsite. 61 official delegations from 26 Countries Over 110 aircraft exhibited at AAD2012.
AAD2012 saw 40 000 trade visitors 84 aircraft civil and military static display During the five-day event, the show saw
attending the Africa Aerospace and De- 300 accredited journalists from all over the manufacturers showcasing their latest
fence testament to the business value world civil and military aircraft both on stat-
seen in attending the show. 600 pieces of coverage about the exhibition ic display and in the air from general
& air show
In 2012, AAD was the hub for over aviation, business jets and jet airliners
300 accredited media, gaining global to fighter planes, helicopters, museum
exposure for exhibitors beyond the five visitors. Exhibitors and vehicle manu- aircrafts and aerobatic display teams.
days of the event. Media coverage was facturers are invited to add their vehi- Aircraft Park is located within the
secured across a wide media platform cles to the mobility track to display the main static display area. Flexible ex-
(print, broadcast and online) leading true capabilities of their products. hibiting options exist for participation
up to the exhibition and a total of 413 The mobility track includes eight within this area. The static display gives
pieces of coverage was secured. challenging obstacles that will put ve- visitors the opportunity to view the air-
hicles through their paces. AAD2012 craft close up. This is a fundamental
Vehicle mobility demonstrated tanks, amphibious ve- part of the exhibition.
AAD will again bring some of the hicles and personnel carriers to show The display showcases the most ad-
world’s most exciting military and ci- their full mettle on the track, which vanced aircraft in both commercial and
vilian vehicles together to showcase ve- included water troughs, ditches, steps, military design. The flying display takes
hicles across the unrivalled tracks over steep inclines, out-of-phase cobbles place during the afternoon. The well-
the five days. The track is designed to and tight turning circles. The exhibition structured display provides a valuable
introduce the military vehicles to trade also includes a mobility demonstration presentation in which exhibitors can
8 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |
demonstrate the capabilities of their tah , MX-2 eqstra harvard formation, delegations from 26 Countries.
products, enhanced by commentary SAA / Silver Falcons, Gabriel Pitts Prominent exhibitors at this year
broadcast across the exhibition site. formation, HAWK , PAC-750, P-51 event are Northrop Grumman, Thales,
To enable aircraft exhibitors to pro- Mustang , BK 117 and L29. AAD2014 Dassault Aviation, Cassidian/GEW
vide potential customers with the op- Flying Program will only be available at Technologies, Saab, SAFRAN, Airbus
portunity to appreciate the qualities of the gate on the day of the air show (Sep- Helicopter,Russian Technologies State
their product in the air, it is possible for tember 20-21) Corporation, BrahMos Aerospace,
them to arrange flying displays with the All exhibitors have the opportunity Rheinmetall, Denel Munition, DCNS,
organizers. to take advantage of the comprehen- Russian Helicopters, Rheinmetall, BAE
Flying Displays at AAD2012 saw sive international military delegations Systems Land Systems SA, Streit Group,
impressive performance of motorised program which will run at AAD2014. Navantia and Colt •
paraglider formation, Cavalcade , mass Exhibitors may be included in the pro-
parachute drop, Zimbabwe Air Force gram of pre-arranged visits and meet- Credit: www.aadexpo.co.za
K-8, SAPS , Gripen, Rooivalk, Chee- ings, which at AAD2012 had 61 official
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 9
Events Record $201bn sales at Farnborough Cameron announces major defense spending Red Devils thrilled Farnborough visitors The Farnborough International ing on defense projects as he officially figures including Deputy Prime Min- Airshow, for years a yardstick for opened last month’s Farnborough Inter- ister, Nick Clegg, Vince Cable, Philip the aerospace industry, has seen national Airshow . Dunne, Michael Fallon and Philip Ham- orders and commitments reach a During his visit to the show, the Prime mond. staggering US$201bn, beating all Minister announced a £1.1bn invest- A Meet the Buyer event has proved previous records set at the event. ment in capabilities for the armed forces incredibly successful this year with over Analysts point out that this year’s and set out the action plan taken by the 1200 meetings taking place with 30 del- figure represents an extremely positive Defence Growth Partnership of industry egate companies and UK Trade and In- note for the sector. and Government. It is part of the long- dustry commercial officers. It as more Across the course of the five days, term economic plan to improve compet- than doubled in size compared to 2012 orders and commitments for civil jet itiveness, boost the UK defense sector with over 300 companies taking part. engines reached 1,600 units with a to- which is vital to economic growth, and An official delegations programme tal value or US$34.5bn and over 1100 make sure our Armed Forces have the was also well attended with over 77 mili- aircraft totalling US$152bn. A further best equipment in the world. tary delegations in attendance from over US$14.5 was also achieved in service Overall, the event has been well re- 59 countries including 10 delegations contracts all reflecting the buoyancy of ceived with visitors numbering 100,000 from the US. The civil delegations pro- the aerospace industry internationally and strong government attendance with gramme has also seen strong participa- and in the UK. the Prime Minister Cameron opening tion with senior management from 12 UK Prime Minister David Cameron the show and a powerful contingent of organisations including HAL, Augusta announced 1.1 bn pounds in spend- other politicians and other government Westland, Italy, Airbus and Sukhoi. 10 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |
Red Arrows - The flying display for the airshow celebrated 100 years of aviation
that also includes new spending on the
Future Combat Air System.
The flying display for the airshow cel-
ebrated 100 years of aviation featuring
aircraft from every decade of the last
century. Show highlights included the
AV-8B Harrier, the Red Arrows and the
regular favourite the Airbus A380.
Commercial planes, advanced
defense capabilities
Boeing marked 40 years as an exhibitor
at the Farnborough event by highlight-
ing its innovative, efficient commercial
Static Displays at Farnborough International Airshow airplanes and its advanced defense capa-
bilities. Boeing reported orders for 201
Amanda Stainer, commercial director the Royal Air Force’s (RAF) Beechcraft aircraft worth $40.2bn at the show.
for show organisers, Farnborough Inter- King Air 350-derived Shadow R.1 elec- Boeing announced a new 200-seat 737
national, said: “We are delighted by the tronic intelligence (ELINT) and Ray- MAX 8 option that will give airlines up
orders and commitments at the show, theon Sentinel R.1 Airborne Stand-Off to 11 more seats of revenue. This lat-
however, it’s the networking outside of Radar (ASTOR) surveillance aircraft in est addition to Boeing’s comprehensive
those deals that are just as important. service until 2018. product and services line-up will deliver
We are very pleased.” Putting an active electronically 20 per cent fuel-consumption savings
scanned array radar (AESA) capability compared to today’s next-generation
Captor-E radar for Eurofighter on the Typhoon has long been a goal 737.
Typhoon for the UK and the other Eurofighter Boeing also announced new details
Significant news includes a commitment Typhoon partners, with AESA seen as a about the interior of the 777X. The new
to develop the Captor-E radar for the key selling point for export orders. model will build on the award-winning
Eurofighter Typhoon fighter aircraft and The Captor-E announcement sits with interior of today’s 777 and apply 787
the expected announcement to maintain a 300 million pound spending package Dreamliner cabin innovations: higher
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 11Events Spacezone, Farnborough Airshow 2014 cabin humidity, windows more than 15 Hornet strike fighter. Big spending in regional segment percent larger and a cabin that is 40.6 The first day of FIA 2014 saw the There was some serious spending in cm wider than the competition, allowing launch of the Airbus A330-800neo and the regional aircraft segment between airlines a variety of economy class seat the A330-900neo as well as the reveal of Embraer and Bombardier. Embraer widths. the Trent 7000 which will be the exclu- finished ahead of Bombardier, with or- Boeing also unveiled its new Mari- sive engine on the A330neo. ders and commitments for 156 aircraft time Surveillance Aircraft. The aircraft, Airbus reported total orders for 496 worth $7.11 billion, compared to 68 based on a Bombardier Challenger 605 aircraft worth a combined $75.3 billion aircraft worth $5.81 billion for Bom- business jet, will provide customers with at Farnborough. Airbus signed firm or- bardier. Bombardier’s next generation maritime and overland surveillance, ders for a total of 358 aircraft and mem- CSeries family of aircraft is garnering anti-piracy, coastal security and search- oranda of understanding for a further significant interest internationally. Chi- and-rescue capabilities. 138. As the last deal of the show, Russian nese regional carrier Zheijian Loong Boeing signed a memorandum of col- carrier Transaero signed up for a total of Airlines placed a $1.28 billion order for laboration with Paramount Group to 20 Airbus A330s. Among the aircraft are 20 CS100s and U.K.-based aircraft les- jointly develop defence and security op- 12 A330neos. Together with an order for sor Falko Regional placed an order for portunities in key international markets. 50 A330neos from Air Asia X and les- 24 CS100s. Paramount Group is Africa’s largest pri- sors including Air Lease Corp., Avolon Raytheon Company will serve as vately-ownedned defense and aerospace and CIT, Airbus managed to secure or- weapons integrator for Italian aircraft business. ders and commitments for 121 A330n- manufacturer Alenia Aermacchi, pro- Boeing products in the air at the show eos planned to enter service at the end viding 31 months of engineering ser- included the new 787-9 Dreamliner, the of 2017. vices support for integration of MK 54 P-8A Poseidon - a military derivative of “This was the best Farnborough Air and MK 46 torpedoes onto the Alenia the company’s Next-Generation 737-800 Show in Airbus history,” Airbus CEO Aermacchi ATR-72-600ASW maritime - and the multi-role F/A-18E/F Super Fabrice Bregier said. patrol aircraft. 12 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |
Raytheon received a $5.7 million con- will develop the integrated flight-control on schedule.”
tract to support Alenia Aermacchi’s test, electronics and air-data function, which ASL Aviation Group, owner of Safair,
integration and qualification for the ex- will manage the overall FBW system. the South African-based C-130 opera-
ternal carriage and tactical employment Rockwell will develop the flight control tor, signed a letter of intent with Lock-
of the lightweight torpedoes. Alenia module which forms part of the IFCE. heed Martin for up to 10 LM-100Js, the
Aermacchi is the prime contractor on commercial variant of the C-130J mili-
the Meltem III contract under which it Textron-Scorpion flies in tary airlifter. First deliveries are expected
is obligated to provide ATR-72-600ASW The Scorpion fighter jet, which was on in late 2018 pending the completion of
aircraft to the Turkish Navy. display at Farnborough, has been built FAA certification.
The MK 54 and MK 46 can be de- by US firm Textron Air Land. Designed “We started the FAA certification pro-
ployed from a surface ship, helicopter or from the outset as a platform that can cess at the beginning of this year and we
fixed wing aircraft to track, classify and accommodate a number of ISR sensor expect it to go through the end of 2017,”
attack underwater targets. The ATR-72- and weapon options, the Scorpion has said Orlando Carvalho, Lockheed Mar-
600ASW is designed for patrolling, res- a straight-wing, twin-tail composite air- tin Aeronautics executive vice president.
cue, sea and coastline protection from frame with a tandem cockpit. Its twin “At which point we will enter the test
security and environmental threats. Honeywell TF731 powerplants produce period for validation, which will extend
about 4,000lb of thrust each, to give through 2018, so we are looking at first
BAE-Rockwell wins 777X deal the aircraft a maximum speed of about deliveries towards the end of that year.”
Boeing selected a BAE Systems-led team 450kts. BAE Systems says it is negotiating
to provide the fly-by-wire (FBW) flight Ccrucially, however, the Scorpion will with the UK defense ministry on the po-
control system for the 777X, marking a cost less than US$20 million to procure tential of a third round of test flights for
new phase of system and supplier deci- and around US$3,000 per hour to oper- its Taranis unmanned combat air vehicle
sions for its ultra-long range, larger ca- ate, according to Textron. (UCAV) demonstrator.
pacity 777 derivative family. Emphasising the Scorpion’s reli- “The ground-based and flight trials
BAE, together with Rockwell Collins, ability, Textron AirLand president Bill that have continued to meet all test ob-
already provides the primary flight-con- Anderson said: “We have not lost one jectives,” said Chris Garside, BAE Sys-
trol electronics and autoland system on scheduled flight for unscheduled main- tems’s chief Future Combat Air Systems
the current 777, but will take their role tenance, and the only thing we needed engineer, speaking at the F air show.
to a new level to control the more com- to get to the United Kingdom was good Testing of sensors “was taken to a cer-
plex flight surfaces of the 777X. BAE weather and fuel, and we got here right tain level” in the first two flight phases,
Boeing products in the air at the show included the new 787-9 Dreamliner
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 13Events
ing. “The leadership of Chris Chadwick
(Boeing’s defense, space and security
CEO) is amazing. He’s not a guy who
will back off over some obstacle. He’ll
make that happen.”
L-3 Communications, Selex ES and
Ultra Electronics have partnered to offer
Bombardier’s Q400 turboprop airliner
as the platform to meet an expected re-
quirement for a multi-mission aircraft
for the U.K.
The aircraft would be highly modi-
fied, with extended-range fuel tanks and
an under-fuselage canoe fairing that
UAV, Farnborough Airshow 2014 could be configured to carry a wide-area
surveillance sensor or even weaponry to
meet a range of tasks such as maritime
patrol, overland surveillance or anti-
submarine warfare.
The move comes as UK defense offi-
cials plan to deliver the results of a study
on the country’s future intelligence-
gathering capability this summer and
there is a widely expected push to resur-
rect a maritime patrol capability in next
year’s Strategic Defense and Security
Review.
The three companies believe the
Wing Walkers display at Farnborough International Airshow 2014 multi-mission Q400 aircraft would be
capable of delivering 80 per cent of the
Garside said. “Sensors were part of the outlook. capability of an established type such as
original evaluation criteria and we are Boeing picked Saab last year as its Boeing’s P-8 Poseidon but at less than
currently discussing options for further design and development partner for half to a third of the purchase price and
trials with the defense ministry.” the T-X trainer replacement program. direct operating costs.
It is hoped that further trials will nowMost recently, Saab and ThyssenKrupp “Countries are looking for more flex-
feed into the joint UK and France UCAV reached final agreement on Saab’s pur- ible capabilities, so it is a case of finding
feasibility study, announced by defense chase of the former Kockums shipyard, the optimum aircraft for the capabilities
ministers of the two countries during which will make Saab the prime con- desired,” said Nicholas Gordon, director
talks at Brize Norton airbase at the end tractor on Sweden’s new A26 submarine of international programs at L-3•
of January and also signed at Farnbor- class.
ough. It is hoped that this deal will lay “Our order backlog is the highest
the foundations for a future system, and ever,” Bukshe said, “and it does not yet
possibly lead to the joint development of count the submarines or the Brazilian
an Anglo-French UCAV. order. He added that “75 per cent of our
backlog is for export and 50 per cent of
Saab’s super order book it is outside Europe.”
Four years after taking on the job, Saab’s “I’m very hopeful,” said Bukshe of the
CEO is optimistic about the company’s company’s T-X partnership with Boe-
14 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |Implementing Strategy: Elements of Strategic
National Power
Strategies are useless without effective implementation, so strategic leaders need an understanding
Perspectives
of the tools of national power and the ways they may be used to implement policies. National
power is best defined by Joseph S. Nye, Jr. as “the ability to effect the outcomes you want and, if
necessary, to change the behavior of others to make this happen.” Most commonly, implementation
at the national level involves one or more of four key instruments of power: diplomacy, economics,
military and information. Diplomacy is the continuous conduct of negotiations with regard to the
full range of national issues between representatives of states. International treaties are usually ne-
gotiated by diplomats prior to endorsement by national leaders. Diplomats represent their nations
in embassies worldwide and within international organizations, maintaining the dialog that domi-
nates foreign relations; cessation of diplomacy traditionally leads to conflict. More informally di-
plomacy uses tact to gain strategic advantage or to find acceptable solutions to national challenges.
National economic power is the allocation of resources and the apportioning of goods and
services, for reasons of policy or to foster national goals. It may include economic pressure or
sanctions, as well as economic incentives such as aid and favorable trade relations. The economic
instrument of national power is only partially controlled by governmental agencies, indeed, the
private (business) sector wields significant economic power through foreign investment and trade,
which may not be subject to national controls. Even so, for many nations, economic power is their
most influential tool of statecraft.
Military power is more than the sum of the armed forces of a nation. Military power should
include the capabilities of intelligence, surveillance, arms sales, international military training and
education and other like capabilities that nations can use to influence other states using defense re-
sources. In its ultimate form, military power dominates (but never replaces) the other instruments
in time of war, but it can also develop significant leverage in peacetime. By: Dr. John R.Ballard
National information power includes efforts to engage audiences to develop conditions favora- Dean of National Defence
ble for the advancement of national interests through the use of tailored messaging. It tradition-
ally includes public affairs, public diplomacy, information operations and other communications
College
efforts. From the most simplistic press release, to speeches given by national leaders, to messages john.ballard@ndc.ac.ae
sent via Ambassadors or other emissaries, to more complex approaches such as disinformation,
propaganda and even national branding, information can be a tremendously powerful instrument
of foreign policy.
Some analysts argue that law enforcement or intelligence should be considered as tools of state-
craft, but in most cases those capabilities are subsumed within one of the other four instruments
mentioned above. For example, international law has been used as tool to obtain the return of the
UAE’s three occupied islands, but to date that effort has been pursued largely using diplomatic
tools. Scholars such as Colin Gray have used the terms “hard” and “soft” power, with the former
being achieved through military or economic threats or use, and the latter gained through influ-
ence or by co-opting others to share values (mostly using diplomacy and information) and ascribe
to a common agenda for international security. Hard power in Gray’s view involves calculable costs
and benefits, while soft power works more subtly through persuasion and attractive ideas. In the
case of the UAE, cultural influence may also play an important role in exerting power. There is no
doubt that the UAE can exert significant soft power among other nations by setting an example or
by taking a stance designed to align with cultural values. The effective coordination of these four
instruments to achieve national interests is the utmost challenge of national leadership•
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 15News
Boeing delivers Canadian CH-147F Chinooks
Steve Parker, Boeing vice president Cargo
Helicopters & H-47 program manager.
“And the advanced technology in the Ca-
nadian Chinook will meet the operational
needs of the Royal Canadian Air Force
well into the future, allowing them to move
troops and equipment, and provide sup-
port to humanitarian relief efforts, any-
where in the world.”
The aircraft also has an advanced Air-
craft Survivability Equipment suite that
A Canadian CH-147F Chinook lands at Boeing’s aerospace manufacturing facility near includes a Directional Infrared Counter-
Philadelphia. measures system that increases crew safety
while allowing operations to be conducted
Boeing and the Royal Canadian Air Force The Canadian CH-147F is an advanced, in a wider range of threat environments.
have completed the delivery of the 15th multi-mission helicopter that features a Boeing is providing in-service support to
CH-147F Medium-to-Heavy-Lift Helicop- modernized airframe with a long-range the CH-147F fleet over the next 20 years
ter, ensuring advanced operational capabil- fuel system allowing it to fly twice as far under a Performance-Based Logistics con-
ity for the Canadian Chinook fleet. as standard range models. An upgraded tract, with Canadian industry playing a key
“The Medium-to-Heavy-Lift Helicopter electrical system provides additional power role. The final CH-147F will join the Royal
project is making an exemplary contribu- and redundancy, while a fully integrated Canadian Air Force’s 450 Tactical Helicop-
tion to the Canada First Defence Strategy,” Common Avionics Architecture System ter Squadron, under command of 1 Wing
said Col. Andrew Fleming, program man- cockpit and Digital Automatic Flight Con- Kingston, Ontario, and will be based at
ager for the Medium Heavy Lift Helicopter trol System reduce pilot workload and pro- CFB Petawawa.
Project Management Office. “The com- vide greater situational awareness. Canada is among the 18 countries
bined efforts of the Government of Can- “This was a complex aircraft program, around the world operating Chinooks.
ada, Boeing and all partners involved in yet the partnership and collaboration be- H-47s also have performed humanitarian
delivering this new capability, on time and tween Boeing, the Canadian customer and support, disaster relief, rescue, fire-fighting
an on budget, serve as a model for future our industry partners enabled us to deliver and nation-building missions on six conti-
Canadian Defence acquisitions.” all 15 aircraft on or ahead of schedule,” said nents in all climates and conditions.
Australian Helicopters to buy six AW139 helicopters
Finmeccanica – AgustaWestland signed erational flexibility. It features a wide cab- rescue, passenger transport, offshore trans-
a contract with Australian Helicopters to in, superior performance and the highest port supporting the Oil & Gas industry,
supply six AW139 helicopters that will be levels of safety and comfort. Thanks to its law enforcement and public utility duties.
operated for Ambulance Victoria. These characteristics, the AW139 is ideally suited This latest contract further strength-
aircraft are expected to enter service in for emergency medical service operations. ens the presence of Finmeccanica- Agus-
January 2016 and will be used to perform The AW139 is the bestselling helicopter taWestland in the region with over 50 heli-
emergency medical service missions. in its category in the world market, with copters currently in service in Australia
The AW139 is a new generation heli- orders for over 770 units from more than and New Zealand.
copter designed with inherent multirole 200 customers in over 60 countries so far
capabilities and to provide maximized op- to perform a number of missions such as
16 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |Saab gets order for underwater weapon system
Defense and security company Saab has re- veloping a new lightweight torpedo. Final developing underwater systems for shallow
ceived an order from the Swedish Defence delivery of this order will be during 2015. waters and the types of environment that
Materiel Administration (FMV) regarding “We are very pleased and proud to have exist in the Baltic Sea. Many of our sys-
design plans for a New Lightweight Tor- the continued confidence to deliver tor- tems are world leading in its segment, and
pedo (NLT). The order refers to the period pedo weapon systems to FMV and the with this order, we are able to maintain our
2014-2015 and amounts to the value of Swedish Navy in the commencement of the global leadership position and continue to
MSEK 43. The order is part of the Letter of work to deliver the replacement for Torpe- provide the market with competitive prod-
Intent regarding the Swedish armed forces’ do 45”, says Görgen Johansson, Senior Vice ucts”, says Agneta Kammeby, Vice Presi-
underwater capability announced recently. President and Head of business area Saab dent and Head of business unit Underwa-
Saab has received an order from FMV Dynamics. ter Systems.
regarding design plans for a New Light- “Saab Dynamics has over the years estab-
weight Torpedo. This is the first step in de- lished a unique experience and expertise in
Vigie Aviation: A step further
DCI has bought out Vigie Aviation, and is implementing a strategic and operational export partnership with Chalair
DCI and Chalair have decided to move As of now, DCI will be recapitalizing Vigie Aviation’s ambition is to become
toward development in order to give Vigie Aviation in order to develop the the major French stakeholder in light
a new direction to their partnership. innovative concept of a French solution ISR, to the benefit of both the French
Therefore, DCI has bought out Vigie providing aerial surveillance assets. Its forces and France’s friendly countries.
Aviation, up to 95 percent of the com- particularity relies on the incorporation The proposed solutions will take full
pany’s shares, and is implementing a of state-of-the-art surveillance equip- account of the constraints, especially
strategic and operational export part- ment onboard light aircrafts, cutting of the Ministry of Defence and the Air
nership with Chalair. costs at the same time. Forces’ expectations.
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 17News
Rolls-Royce merges subsidiaries to improve business
Rolls-Royce has announced the merger world leaders in controls and data analysis performance. Both OSyS and AEC have
of two wholly owned subsidiaries, Aero is key in supporting Rolls-Royce’s prom- heritages they are proud of, giving me
Engine Controls (AEC) and Optimized ise of better power for a changing world. the utmost confidence the new combined
Systems and Solutions (OSyS), to form a With the creation of Controls and Data business will deliver even greater results in
new business, Controls and Data Services Services, Rolls-Royce will be able to pro- safety critical controls, equipment health
(CDS), which will continue to operate as vide an integrated end to end capability management and operational efficiency.”
part of the Rolls-Royce Group. that will enhance our asset lifecycle man- Controls and Data Services will operate
The new business will bring together agement solutions.” across all Rolls-Royce market sectors, civil
equipment sensors, controls and moni- Harry Holt, President of Controls and and defense aerospace, industrial power
toring systems with performance analysis Data Services, said: “Our aim is to be the and marine. The business will continue
and health management services, deliv- world’s best provider of power system to support current customers in High In-
ering greater asset intelligence at a faster controls and intelligence. Through moni- tegrity Controls and Monitoring and Data
pace. toring, capturing, analysing and managing Solutions functions, strengthening the
Colin Smith, Rolls-Royce, Director of equipment data we will be able to pro- current offering while building new inte-
Engineering and Technology, said: “Being vide the insight to optimise asset cost and grated capability.
Study initiated to integrate Brimstone 2 onto Typhoon
collateral, close air support weapon it is
already combat proven in Afghanistan and
Libya by the RAF. The study contract will
transition the Dual Mode Brimstone capa-
bility that is combat proven on Tornado
GR4 to Typhoon utilising the Brimstone
2 missile.
Mark Bowman, Chief Test Pilot for BAE
Systems explains “With a proven track re-
cord on RAF Tornados, the Brimstone 2
weapon offers uncompromising precision
and a flexible capability that meets the
emerging threats of modern warfare. The
Typhoon pilot will be able to confidently
BRIMSTONE on Eurofighter Typhoon engage a wide range of target types includ-
ing fast moving vehicles. When integrated
BAE Systems has been awarded an initial 2 integration for the UK Royal Air Force Brimstone 2 will be another significant
study contract, valued at £5 million by the (RAF) by 2018, the study is also set to development step for Typhoon, enhancing
UK Ministry of Defence to evaluate the deliver wider benefits through the explo- the aircraft’s credentials and relevancy go-
integration of the MBDA Brimstone 2 air- ration of a common launcher approach ing forward.”
to-ground precision weapon with the Ty- which could also be used for other multi- Typhoon is already regarded as one of
phoon aircraft. ple weapons stores such as SPEAR 3. the world’s leading swing role combat air-
Work is currently underway at War- The Brimstone 2 weapon will add to the craft and the program continues to deliver
ton, Lancashire to assess the aerodynamic swing-role capability of the Typhoon air- the latest capabilities to meet the needs of a
properties of carrying the weapon through craft. Brimstone 2 is effective against the complex and ever changing environment.
a series of wind tunnel tests. Alongside most challenging, high speed and maneu-
delivering an effective route to Brimstone vering targets over land and sea. As low
18 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |The first A320neo jetliner is getting ready
The highly-efficient NEO (new engine
option) single-aisle jetliner project is
another step closer to taking flight with
the rollout of the initial A320neo – a
key milestone as Airbus continues on-
schedule.
Prominently featuring the NEO
branding on its livery, this aircraft –
designated MSN6101 in the company’s
numbering system – is powered by Pratt
& Whitney PW1100G-JM engines and
is the first in Airbus’ A320neo Family
developmental fleet. It is equipped with
extensive flight test instrumentation for
handling qualities, performance and en-
gine tests, along with the high-altitude,
and hot- and cold-weather campaigns. A320neo
The company’s rigorous A320neo
Family flight-test and certification pro- through this process as efficiently as quarter of 2015.
gramme is facilitated by the jetliner’s possible,” she said. Airbus already is well advanced with
fly-by-wire commonality, as well as Once MSN6101 takes flight, Airbus “up-front” A320neo testing, includ-
previous flight dynamics testing dur- will begin with initial development and ing approximately 250 flight hours
ing the Sharklet-certification campaign, aircraft flight manual tests, before pro- performed on the company’s A320ceo
explained Sandra Bour-Schaeffer, Pro- ceeding into its A320neo development (current engine option) in-house devel-
ject Flight Test Engineer for the NEO and certification phase and maturity opmental aircraft to evaluate hardware
program at Airbus. “We have optimised campaign – to ensure the A320neo fully and software for NEO flight control
the flight-test programme – building meets customer requirements at service laws, and test bench validation of thrust
on our family concept – to progress entry, which is scheduled for the fourth reversers.
ATK test to help NASA land advanced payloads on Mars
ATK has moved one step closer to help Navy test range to an altitude of about test, while the ATK-manufactured Core
NASA land advanced payloads on Mars 120,000 feet. The LDSD test vehicle Structure Assembly (CSA) served as the
following the successful test of a next dropped away from the balloon and the platform for two breakthrough technol-
generation braking system. A world- ATK STAR 48B motor ignited to accel- ogies from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Labo-
leading producer of rocket motors, ATK erate the vehicle to more than Mach 3.8 ratory (JPL): an inflatable Kevlar® tube
provided both the rocket motor and test and an altitude of over 180,000 feet. around the vehicle, called the Supersonic
vehicle backbone for the test of NASA’s Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator, and
experimental Low-Density Supersonic The flight test simulated the low pres- a mammoth parachute called the Super-
Decelerator (LDSD). During the June sure and punishing speeds experienced sonic Disk Sail Parachute. These new
28 test at the Pacific Missile Range Fa- by payloads dropped into the Mars at- drag devices will pave the way for deliv-
cility at Barking Sands, Kauai, Hawaii, a mosphere. ATK’s STAR 48B rocket mo- ery of increasingly larger payloads to the
balloon carried the test vehicle from the tor provided the axial propulsion for the surface of Mars.
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 19Interview
“In Finland, conscription is compulsory for its
Col. Hannu Hypponen, Chief of Education and Training in Defense Command
Finland talked to Nation Shield giving a broader picture of national service
In Finland, conscription can
take the form of military or ci-
vilian service. A majority of the
Finnish citizens under the age
of 30 do national service of one
kind or the other while a number
of female citizens do voluntary
service. Col. Hannu Hypponen,
Chief of Education and Training
in Defense Command, Finland
talked to Nation Shield giving a
broader picture of national ser-
vice. Excerpts:
By: Khalfan AL Kaabi Col. Hannu Hypponen, Chief of Education and Training in Defense Command, Finland
What are the objectives of the approximately 10 percent, apply to branch, unit, location, and timing).
Federal Law regarding national Jehovah’s Witnesses, Aland islanders,
and military service? about 450 multinational persons etc. What are the benefits and privi-
According to the Constitution of leges that accrue to the recruits of
Finland every Finnish citizen is ob- What are the steps for joining na- national service?
ligated to participate or assist in na- tional service? The conscripts’ daily allowance is
tional defense, and is liable for mili- After reaching the age of 18, all 5,00 (0 – 165 days), 8,35 (166 – 255
tary service starting from the age of male citizens have to attend a call- days) or 11,70 Euros (256 days). The
18 until 60. National service is man- up event, organized together with benefits and privileges include free
datory for all male while military the local municipality, to enhance health care, food, accommodation
service (conscription) is voluntary the connection between people and and clothing, daily allowance, ac-
for women. defense forces. Before that everyone commodation and travel allowance,
takes a commonly defined medi- home care, pilots’ and divers’ allow-
When is someone exempted from cal test. During the call-up event, ance and women’s equipment allow-
national service? general information about the per- ance, free travel, support network,
Approximately 7 percent select al- son is collected considering ser- psychosocial support and family
ternative civilian service, which lasts vice location and branch requested, support.
12 months for everybody. Approxi- as well the health factors. After
mately 10 percent are exempted for call-up, all conscripts will receive What is the duration of national
health reasons. Other exemptions, their service allocations (service, service for males and females?
20 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |citizens according to the constitution”
According to the
Constitution of
Finland every
Finnish citizen
is obligated to
participate or
assist in national
Firing Training
defense, and is
liable for military
service starting
from the age of 18
until 60
Soldiers will serve 5.5 months (165
days), special soldiers (like military
police) and skilled soldiers (like tank
drivers) 8.5 months (255 days), and
NCOs and officer aspirants 11.5
Part of fitness training tests months (347 days).
Do you consider the period of
national service as part of gov-
ernment service?
It is not considered as part of gov-
ernment service.
What are the cases in which re-
cruits are called for service again?
Reservists can be called for refresh-
er training by defense forces, extra
training by president and mobiliza-
tion by government.
What are the rewards and privi-
NCOs military club leges granted to non-staff re-
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 21Interview
Recruits morning parade The Lecture Hall
Armament training Assisting recruits
cruits? culating the financial benefits of service for those who are resi-
Officers and special officers get 63,85 employer in the public and pri- dents with relatives abroad until
euro per day, NCO 60,90 euro per vate sectors? they return from abroad?
day and soldiers 58,25 euro per day. In national service conscription and National service is mandatory. Na-
Besides, all will have a daily allow- refresher training is mandatory. Em- tional service has to be done between
ance of 5 euro per day. ployers do not have any financial the ages 18 to 30 years. In call-up
benefits. People can apply for post- event, one can apply for postpone-
Can anyone be called for service ponement of service and refresher ment of service for 1-3 years.
without prior coordination be- training and one reason can be that
tween his employer and the re- he is so important to the employer What is the alternative service,
cruitment authorities? that service or refresher training will and what are its nature and con-
Yes, he can be called for service with- cause significantly economic side ef- ditions?
out prior coordination. fect. Civilian service center is responsible
for the execution of the alternative
What is the mechanism of cal- Is it possible to postpone national civilian service basic training and
22 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |/People can apply
for postponement
of service and
refresher training
and one reason
can be that he is
so important to
the employer that
Colonel Hannu receives copy of Nation Shield Journal service or refresher
training will
cause significantly
economic side
effect
call-up event one can apply for post-
ponement of the service for 1-3
years.
Will national service recruits be
Recruit’s Military bags subject to the same penalties ap-
plied to military personnel in the
it is planned and supervised by the Is it possible for citizens over the armed forces?
Ministry of Employment and Econ- age of 30 to join national service? No. National service recruits will not
omy. Over the age of 30 it is not possible be subjected to the same penalties.
Alternative civilian service (ex- to join national service. But one can
cluding the basic training) is execut- take part in voluntary national de- How do you find out the public
ed by selected agencies or non-gov- fense training. and national reactions toward the
ernmental organizations, primarily issuance of national and reserve
in the areas of social and health ser- Is a graduate from high school service law?
vices (like hospitals), educational or permitted to postpone national There in a special parliamentary
cultural service (like in the educa- service until the completion of committee, appointed by the govern-
tion of handicapped people), in en- undergraduate study in the event ment, that makes regular surveys or
vironmental service (like in waste of receiving a scholarship out of opinion polls among the citizens on
management) or in emergency ser- state? security policy, national defense and
vice (like in fire brigades). Reserve Yes. Though national service is man- security•
is only military. There is no civilian datory and has to be done between
reserve. the ages 18 to 30 years, during the
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 23Interview
BORDER SECURITY SOLUTIONS
The Middle East has a particular vulnerability to cyber attacks
By: Sakha Pramod
Nation Shield had an exclusive inter- tems.
view with JEAN-MARC NASR, Head
of Europe, Middle East and Africa, What are the key systems that you
Airbus Defence and Space. He out- offer for border security?
lines the complex and vital issue of Our border security solutions are built
handling border security. on four pillars:
Sensors fixed – tower-mounted ra-
What is the most important factor dars, cameras, intelligent fences - and
to be kept in mind in terms of bor- mobile - sensor equipped vehicles,
der security in the contemporary helicopters, airplanes, UAS, riverboats,
context? patrol boats - ones for control and
Globalisation has led to increased mo- surveillance, high-performance soft-
bility. Each year, one billion people ware for analysis of collected data. This
cross borders all over the world for JEAN-MARC NASR, Head of Eu- equals ‘observe and detect.’
rope Middle East Africa
business and pleasure. Illegal migration Next are the secured networks and
potentially exceeds that figure. In the control rooms. Collected sensors data
United States alone about 11.7 million oriented strategies? is transferred through secured net-
immigrants are living illegally. Also, in- This is not the way I see it. First of all it’s works to responsible operation centres.
ternational trade and the exchange of the authorities who define the require- Operators are informed about poten-
goods is rising. The annual worldwide ments of their border security system tial threats and further processed in the
volume of merchandise exchange ex- in order to gain complete control over command chain to decide on action to
ceeds $18,200 billion (2011). their borders and increase the effi- be taken. At the heart of border secu-
This means that in the contemporary ciency of resources, staff allocation and rity operations are the control rooms
context, border security has a key role planning. And from the border guards on local, regional and national level
in facilitating legal border crossing such up to the highest level decision makers, as well as reliable secured networks to
as in ensuring efficient flow of people they all use the latest technology as a connect those facilities with the sensor
and goods that cross borders legally, tool to be more effective, to manage re- sites, mobile units and customer staff.
avoiding unnecessary delays at borders, gional and high profile missions, to en- This is ‘decide.’
processing goods professionally and ef- able the whole command chain to share Third pillar is secure radio commu-
ficiently as well as contributing to the an accurate view of the situation and to nication. Border patrols and command
prevention and stopping of illegal bor- ensure and facilitate joint operations of centres are connected by secure radio
der crossings. There is the fighting of il- different bodies on both national and communication - an exclusively dedi-
legal migration and human trafficking, international level. cated, 24/7 available, encrypted and
stopping illegal exchange of goods, de- The goal is to integrate various tech- secured radio network. Orders can
tecting and fighting terrorism, fighting nologies into a concept of operations be received and real-time reports can
smuggling of arms, drugs, counterfeits and to construct an effective border be sent back to the control centres al-
and other illegal goods. security system. And this integrated lowing the whole command chain to
system using the latest and proven share an accurate view of the situation.
Would it be correct to say that in technologies is a specific area of exper- Checks at border crossing points are
modern times, border patrol has tise of Airbus Defence and Space. But performed on travellers, transportation
been taken over more by technol- it always needs very well educated and and databases. This is ‘act.’
ogy-driven solutions than people- trained personnel to operate the sys- And finally, we provide threat assess-
24 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 |‘Our customers
need to take the
right decisions on
time, in a complex
and moving
environment
manding operational missions with the
full range of products and services. We
bring together the collective expertise
of our former divisions, Astrium, Air-
bus Military and Cassidian into one di-
vision called Airbus Defence and Space.
This provides our customers with the
full interconnected chain of solutions
in four areas: deployment of forces, in-
frastructure protection, intelligence and
communication and C2 -Command
and Control. And Eurosatory was the
perfect platform to show this.
Eurosatory was the perfect platform to show the collective expertise of Airbus Defence So at the show we presented the
and Space A400M new generation airlifter, which
offers ‘three aircraft in one’ - strategic,
ment. After each event to increase effi- Beside this, the geographical location of tactical and tanker. Another area we
ciency and improve the system, mean- a country in terms of exposure could be presented at the show was our cyber
ing speed up the reaction chain, better a challenge. Qatar, for example, forms security offer. Within the infrastructure
allocation of resources and the like. This a peninsula and is therefore in an ex- protection area, Airbus Defence and
is ‘learn’. posed strategic situation with sea bor- Space offers products that are able to
ders and related resources. Thus, the provide cyber security to secure infor-
Border situations differ from region requested expertise is to identify and mation at all levels and guarantee busi-
to region depending on topography provide the right technology that works ness continuity as well as border secu-
and other factors. What is special seamlessly under these harsh condi- rity as illustrated by the largest border
about border security in the Arabian tions on ground, air and sea. security projects ever delivered.
Gulf region from your experience? A third important area is the UAS
The climate and weather conditions What was your focus at Eurosatory? sector. Airbus Defence and Space pre-
in the region, the long distances to be Airbus Defence and Space is one of the sented a selection of its Unmanned Air
covered, patrolled and secured, and the few defence, space and security provid- Systems and complete geospatial in-
desert environment with lack of proper ers that can fully support military and telligence chains managing all kind of
access are for sure specific to the region. security customers to meet their de- sources from satellite imagery down to
| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 25You can also read
