Technology development of Nissan's Electric Vehicle and future vision - Nissan Motor Co., Ltd Fellow Haruyoshi KUMURA
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Technology development of
Nissan's Electric Vehicle
and future vision
2010.3.4
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd
Fellow Haruyoshi KUMURA
1
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.1. Background on the Electric Powertrain
2. Development of Nissan’s EV
3. Preparation for Widespread EV
Adoption
4. Approach to Future Mobility
2
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Century of Energy Transformation
Oil production has reached its peak.
A hundred years have passed since the Ford Model T was
first produced. Now is an era of new energy for
automobiles.
40000
Consumption (M bbl)
Oil Consumption
30000
Oil Production
20000
Oil Consumption
10000 for Vehicles
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050
1859 1908
First Modern Oil Well Ford Model T
*Calculated based on BP figures, WBCSD SMP reports, IEA WEO, and JPDA sources 3
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Oil：Changes in oil prices
Price hike in fossil fuel
No major changes in the price of electricity
200
Oil price （Dollars per Barrel）
High scenario
150
（Cents per Kilowatthour）
US price of electricity
100
Average scenario
50 Oil 20
Electricity
History Projections
0 0
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
4
＊EIA：Petroleum “International Data” & IEO2009
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Nissan’s scenario for CO2 reduction
Need 90% reduction by 2050 to remain at 450ppm
(from the 2000 level)
Reduction by Future Powertrain (%)
100 100
New car’s Well To Wheel
Well to Wheel CO2 Emission
CO2 emissions (%)
80 80
450ppm
450ppm
60 60
40 40
20 20
90% Reduction
0 0
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 ICE HEV EV FCV
Zero
Zero emission
emission vehicle
vehicle
5
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Energy : Electricity for powertrains
Dependence on fossil fuel to energy
diversification.
A major part of energy is used as electricity.
Oil
Biomass
Coal
Natural gas
Nuclear Electricity
hydroelectric,
wind, solar
Zero-emission energy
6
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.1. Background on the Electric Powertrain
2. Development of Nissan’s EV
2-1．LEAF, newly Developed EV
2-2．Core Technologies for Competitive EV
3. Preparation for Widespread EV Adoption
4. Approach to Future Mobility
7
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.LEAF unveiled in August 2009
Launch JPN, US, EUR in FY10
Expand globally in 2012
8
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.LEAF overview
Seating capacity： 4-5 adults
Cruising range : over 160km (US LA4)
Motor : 80kW, 280Nm
Battery : 24kWh Li-ion (produced by AESC)
9
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.LEAF overview
EV dedicated IT support system
10
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Change Attraction of Vehicles
EV creates new driving pleasure.
トルク [Nm]
Torque
90％
95％
Motorモータ回転数
Rotation [rpm]
Charged
Charged at
at home
Filled-up
home Zero-emission High Energy Efficiency
Filled-up every
every morning
morning Inexpensive Fuel Price
Quietness
Quietness w/o
w/o Exhilarating Acceleration
engine
engine noise
noise Feel Smooth Start
11
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.LEAF acceleration
Quick acceleration with equal performance to
3L gasoline vehicle
Acceleration[G]
3L gasoline vehicle
LEAF
Time [sec]
10ｍ 20ｍ 30ｍ
Hypermini 3.7 sec
LEAF 3.7 sec
FUGA 3.7 sec
12
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Cruising range sufficient for daily use
Cruising range for a fully charged Nissan EV is
over 160km (US LA4)
Covers daily commute for most major cities in
urban areas
100
Percentage (%)
80
60
40
20
0
0 50 100 150 200
Average range (km) per day
13
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.24 hours IT EV charging support
IT supports charging for both on-board and
off-board
Off-board support On-board support Off-board support
Before driving Driving After driving
充電
ON OFF
Charging Start !
Charging Level 80%
0 1/2 Full
Autonomy Range
１２３ｋｍ
※Estimatio
n
Fully charged notice Driving range Trip review
Pre-cooling system Nearby charging stations Charging timer
14
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.1. Background on Electric Powertrain
2. Development of Nissan’s EV
2-1． LEAF, newly Developed EV
2-2．Core Technologies for Competitive EV
3. Preparation for Widespread EV Adoption
4. Approach to Future Mobility
15
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Change Structure of Vehicles
Electronic components are main constituent,
and highly possible to reduce cost.
Modularization will make progress.
Gasoline Vehicle Electric Vehicle ＜Power Module＞
Motor,Inverter
Electronics Others
30% Over 70%
Others
Electronics
＜Battery Module＞
Laminated Li-ion Battery
16
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Battery evolution
In this 15 years, performance of automotive battery
significantly improved, enabling EV introduction to
the market.
1900- Lead-acid battery 1992 Ni-MH battery 1997 Li-ion battery 2003 Li-ion battery
(Cylinder type) (Laminated type)
3
Power performance
Li-ion battery
2
1 Lead-acid
battery Ni-MH battery
kW/kg
0
‘80 ‘90 ‘00
17
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Performance of laminated Li-ion battery
Nissan is the first to believe in the potential of Li-ion
batteries for automotive applications and has begun
development since 1992
Nissan has developed a commercially viable automotive
battery with high performance and reliability
Halved size and
Twice the power Twice the energy flexible packaging
> 2.5kW/kg* 140Wh/kg*
½ the Size
Cylindrical Laminated Cylindrical Laminated
(2000) (2000) Cylindrical Laminated
* after durability test * after durability test
High reliability
Charge
Stable crystal structure material Discharge
Higher cooling efficiency by laminated structure
18
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Evolution of vehicle
Advanced battery installed under vehicle
floor, which results in improved cabin space
1600L
eg)
eg) Capacity
Capacity for
for storing
storing 20kwh
20kwh of
of energy
energy
200L
Lead-acid battery Li-ion battery
Mounting
image
Motor Inverter Battery Year 2000 Current
19
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Electric parts on EV
All major components of EV are electric,
including powertrain, power steering and
air-conditioner
Electric power
steering
Electric air-
conditioner
Charger
Inverter
Motor
Battery packs
LED headlights Regeneration braking
20
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.1. Background on Electric Powertrain
2. Development of Nissan’s EV
2-1．LEAF, newly Developed EV
2-2．Core Technologies for Competitive EV
3. Preparation for Widespread EV Adoption
4. Approach to Future Mobility
21
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.EV Market：Potential demand of 100M units
in urban areas
Initial customers are users in urban areas,
with a daily commutes within the charging
station network 5000k -
Approximately 100 million units or 15 % 3000k -
of the global automobile market is in 2000k -
urban areas
1000k -
Manchester Detroit
London
Seoul
米国Chicago
Paris Moscow Beijing Seattle
ドイツ New York
中国 Tokyo Portland
San
Lisbon Francisco
Philadelphia
Madrid Shanghai Yokohama Los Angeles
San Diego Dallas Atlanta
Singapore
Phoenix
Houston
Sao Paulo
*Number of automobiles counts only the city holds over 1 million units of passenger vehicle (CY2006) 22
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Basic concept of charging infrastructure
Charging network
Home Charging network
charge Charge at destination Charge on the road
Short distance Short / middle distance Long distance
Charger
EV Charger Charger
uses
Charger
Charging Ordinary Choose ordinary or quick charge
methods depending on how long stay Quick charging
charge
Charging type
Type Power source Charging time
Ordinary Single-phase
100V
~15A 16h
charge
Single-phase
200V
~20A 8h
Quick
charging Three-phase 200V 30min
23
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Ex:Infrastructure in Kanagawa Pref.
Nissan is developing a network of charging
points with multiple partners
As of March 2009
Number of public charging
Kanagawa prefecture facilities in Kanagawa pref.
2010
Today
Target
Quick 23 100
charger (current)
Ordinar
y 160 1000
(planned) (～2014)
Yokohama charger
Urban area
10 km
Quick charger
10 km Potential sites for ordinary
charging station
24
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Charging infrastructure:Easy to install
home chargers in detached houses
Houses with 200V power panelboards are now common
due to the increase in electronics, IH heater and air
conditioner. Once increased capacity is completed,
supplying power to the EV for these homes will be easy.
Over 80% of detached homes are equipped with
outside wall plugs. outside wall plug
100% unequipped
80% :16%
200V home electronic 60%
40%
equipped
200V 20% :84%
0
power panelboard
outside wall plug 25
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.1. Background on Electric Powertrain
2. Development of Nissan’s EV
2-1．LEAF, newly Developed EV
2-2．Core Technologies for Competitive EV
3. Preparation for Widespread EV Adoption
4. Approach to Future Mobility
26
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Change Surrounding Industries
EV creates new business opportunities.
Management of electricity Charging infrastructure
• Expansion of natural energy use • Amplification of charging stations
• “Smart House” • Synergy with service industry
• Secondary use of battery
Business related to EV parts New mobility business
• Expansion of power electronics • Car sharing
components • Cooperation with public
• Equipment related to transportation facilities
infrastructure
27
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Effective utilization of clean energy:Smart House
Resulting in ultimate energy savings for the
household, possible to deliver more clean energy
through solar power and EV battery
solar battery
Smart house panel
converter
DC
AC
Selling
switchboard
Storag AC
e DC
nighttime
electricity V2H H2V
storage battery (Li-ion Batt.)
28
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Introduction scenario for smart grid
Evolution to smart house, smart community
and smart grid
smart house smart community smart grid
Increase facilities and Power sharing Connection with clean
houses with high energy among facilities and power basement
self-sufficient rate network
mega solar wind
29
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Solar electric charging station demonstration
(started 2009)
Created battery storage facility through EV
located on parking area
Integrated solar electric generation for
emergency power and quick charging station
solar battery panel
selling
switchboard general load
storage
charge
battery storage 168kWh
（EV on parking area） quick charge
DC/DC
50kW 30
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.For the most suitable mobility：
YOKOHAMA mobility “Project ZERO”
Began examination that aims for a model low carbon city
Divided areas in order to provide suitable mobility and
reduce the city’s overall CO2 levels
Low
Low Carbon
Carbon
Spread
Spread of
of eco-driving
eco-driving Improvement
Improvement of of
traffic
traffic jam
jam
Zero
Zero Carbon
Carbon
Popularization
Popularization of
of EV
EV
31
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Global partnership for EV popularization
Approximately 30 partnerships worldwide
Partnership
UK
Ireland France(2011) U.S.A(2010)
Switzerland(2011)
Portugal Washington Tennessee
(2011) China(2011)
Oregon
California North. Carolina
Monaco
(2011) Israël(2011) Japan(2010) Arizona
Australia
Singapore
(EV introduction year)
*) As of the end of August, 2009 32
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.Thank you
33
(C) Copyright NISSAN MOTOR CO., LTD. 2010 All rights reserved.You can also read
