A plan for transformative change by 2020
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a plan for transformative change
by 2020
contents
Introduction to Libya Vision 2020 2
The Need for Libya Vision 2020 3
How Does Libya Vision 2020 Differ from Other Visions? 4
Overcoming Challenges and Creating Change for a Better Future 6
Libya’s Transformation Journey 8
How Libya Vision 2020 Was Developed 10
Foundations for Libya Vision 2020 12
Peace, Security, and Rule of Law: 18
Establishing a Safe and Secure Nation
Built on Law, Order, and Equitable Justice
Establishing and Maintaining Peace and Security 20
Strengthening the Rule of Law and Ensuring Access to Justice 22
Achieving Long-term Peace and Stability Through National Dialogue 24
Economic Development: 26
Building a Prosperous, Productive,
and Innovative Nation
Growing and Diversifying the Economy 28
Enhancing Economic Stability 30
Rebuilding National Infrastructure 32
Modernizing Agriculture for Food Security 35
Managing Natural Resources Equitably, Sustainably, and Transparently 36
Human Development: 38
Providing a Nurturing Environment
for All Libyans
Educating Our Youth to be Future Leaders 40
Incentivizing Private Sector Employment 45
Providing Quality Healthcare to All 46
Caring for Our Country 48
Building Strong and Prosperous Communities 50
Preserving Our Natural Environment 52
Rebuilding Our National Identity 54
Good Governance and Public Sector reform: 56
Creating an Efficient, Transparent,
and Accountable Government
Improving Service Delivery 58
Increasing Transparency and Accountability 60
Implementing Libya Vision 2020 62
libya vision 2020 1
The Need for Libya Vision 2020
Though some progress has been made on consolidating peace and
security since the 17th of February Revolution, absence of effective
policies, legal and institutional frameworks, and lack of ownership
and accountability at different levels of leadership has compromised
national aspirations. While the driving force behind our nation
building experience so far has been our collective ambition for
socio-economic and democratic transformation, Libya can do
better. We could achieve much more if we shared a well-defined
vision to steer our collective efforts. There is a pressing need to
integrate our development policies and strive harder for our country’s
future. Libya Vision 2020 is a call to action for all Libyans to rally
behind placing the country on a sustainable development path.
In formulating a vision for Libya, we cannot dwell on lost
opportunities and what we lack. We must adopt a forward-looking
approach that critically reviews our institutions, policies, and
existing plans with confidence in our ability to learn from the
past and change. We have a rich history rooted in Islamic, Arab,
and African values that has been shaped by a tradition of positive
engagement with other cultures and countries. Libya is not starting
a nation from scratch but rediscovering its rich cultural and societal
values that formed its foundation in the past. It is upon these
existing foundations that Libya Vision 2020 was developed.
Because little attention was paid to long term planning since
1969, Libya has had a relatively short experience in development
planning. Previous national planning initiatives were developed
with mixed results, have constrained the country’s growth
and development, and were poorly implemented. After four
decades of autocracy, Libyans are demanding better ways
forward and deserve a national development vision that
addresses their current and future needs and aspirations.
Introduction to
While peace and security are pre-requisites for Libya’s future, there
is an equally pressing need to address Libya’s economic, human
development, and governance challenges. However, the most
Libya Vision 2020
critical challenge Libya now faces is developing in a participatory
manner, through dialogue and agreement, on a shared vision
for the future. Libya Vision 2020 is a work in progress to be
shaped through public and institutional consultation, and we
invite all Libyans to participate in its ongoing development.
2 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 3
How Does Libya Vision 2020
Differ from Other Visions?
There are several visioning exercises taking Realizable visions identify potential
place in Libya now. While all of these opportunities to accelerate development
efforts agree on the need to envision future and the challenges that must be overcome.
possibilities and to advance the necessary For this reason, Libya Vision 2020 seeks to
actions to convert possibilities into realities, instill humility, courage, and determination
they diverge in their assumptions regarding to rise to challenges at the individual,
the willingness of Libyans to wait for community, and national levels. By offering
meaningful and visible progress. Libya a shared vision focused on immediate
Vision 2020 assumes that Libyans are not change, Libya Vision 2020 was conceived
willing to wait until 2030 or 2040 for change. to ignite people’s aspirations and serve
Libyans want positive transformation now. as a catalyst that allows our country to
Right now, security and the rule of law is shift gears towards reconstruction and
lacking. Right now, economic performance recovery as quickly as possible. Libya
is substandard. Right now, institutions that Vision 2020 serves as a message of hope
promote human development are weak. and inspiration for motivating individuals,
Right now, poor governance is compromising communities, and the nation to work
the rapidity and effectiveness of reforms. together to overcome challenges on the
path to sustainable development.
Libya Vision 2020 advances a framework
within which national strategies and
implementation plans can be developed for
catalytic change by 2020. It is an attempt to
formulate a shared national vision to assist in
building consensus on where Libya can be in
six years. While this is a short time horizon
for change, Libya Vision 2020 reflects
the nation’s aspirations, determination,
and commitment for immediate socio-
economic and democratic transformation.
4 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 5
Libya vision 2020
Overcoming Challenges and A stable, democratic, and prosperous Libya where citizens enjoy a high standard of living
Creating Change for a Better Future
By the year 2020, Libya can be a stable, Peace, Security,
and Rule of Law
pILLARS
democratic, and prosperous nation where
citizens enjoy a high standard of living. Peace, security and the rule of law are
However, in order to achieve this, we prerequisites for sustainable development. Peace, Security, Economic Human Governance and
must overcome several challenges. Libya Libya will only secure the dividends of the and Rule of Law Development Development Public Sector Reform
Vision 2020 is based on four key areas 17th of February Revolution by preventing
A safe and secure A prosperous, A nurturing An efficient,
of progress, or development pillars, and further conflict through reconciliation, nation built on productive, and environment for all transparent, and
foundational values to advance a collective professionalizing security institutions, law, order, and innovative nation Libyans accountable
vision for transformative change. The four ensuring equitable access to justice, and equitable justice government
development pillars – Peace, Security, and maintaining law and order through
Rule of Law, Economic Development, transparent and accountable institutions
Human Development, and Governance that respect human rights and protect
and Public Sector Reform – form the fundamental freedoms. Transformation projects implemented in each development pillar to turn
foundation upon which development plans Libya Vision 2020 into action
from 2014 to 2020 will be built. Libya Vision Economic
Development
2020 translates the development pillars
into a statement of achievable objectives Libya will build a diversified, private sector-
accompanied by transformation projects, led economy that will improve prosperity for
which are key initiatives that will be Libyans in all regions of the country through
implemented to turn Libya Vision 2020 into private sector development, job creation,
FOUNDATIONS
action. The Vision serves as a framework to economic stabilization, improvement of
guide critical analysis of constraints that need critical infrastructure, and more responsible Rootedness Openness Human Gender Youth
to be overcome and provides a reference for management of resource wealth. Rights Empowerment Empowerment
logical and sequential implementation. This
approach differs from ad-hoc approaches that Human
Development
have been pursued in the past by advancing a
reform framework that focuses on immediate Libyans will be empowered and their
steps towards long-term solutions. capacities developed to enable them to reach
their full potential through access to quality
education at all levels, provision of quality Veteran Disability Science, Human Public Sector
social and healthcare services, and sustainable Inclusion Rights Technology, Resources Excellence
urban development. and Innovation Development
Governance and
Public Sector Reform
Libya will build a democratic, transparent, SUBMIT YOUR IDEA
and accountable government at both the
Libya Vision 2020 is an invitation to express your views on matters that affect us all as Libyans to help
national and municipal levels that will be shape the future of our country. Do you have feedback on a particular government policy? Is there an issue
managed by professional and committed in your community that needs to be addressed? Do you have an idea for an alternative approach that
public servants. hasn’t been considered?
Submit your idea for a transformation project at libyavision2020.ly
6 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 7
• Little progress made towards stabilizing country
libya now • Disjointed economic, human development, and
governance reforms
Libya’s Transformation Peace, Security, Economic Human Good Governance and
and Rule of Law Development Development Public Sector Reform
Journey
• Libyans unable to live • Government entities • Education systems not • Limited access to
their lives, earn a living, dominate the economy producing skills required essential public services
and raise families in with low private sector by labor market and poor quality service
peace involvement • Poor access to quality provision
Libya Vision 2020 will be implemented continued support, transformation projects • Lack of institutions and • High dependence on healthcare • Unclear and
in two successive phases. The first will go further by specifically focusing on trained personnel the hydrocarbon sector • Poor quality of life due nontransparent
• Legal frameworks resulting in fiscal to haphazard planning mechanisms for public
phase covering 2014–2016 will focus key constraints that need to be overcome prevent rule of law uncertainty at the national and local spending with arbitrary
on stabilization and reconstruction for a stable, democratic, and prosperous • Poor and decaying level budgeting mechanisms
• Armed conflict,
assassinations, and infrastructure which
through national and local dialogue and Libya. Transformation projects are aimed at limits economic growth
attacks on property
reconciliation in parallel with pursuing activating a paradigm shift from stabilization
priority economic, human development, and reconstruction to recovery and growth.
and public sector reforms. The second phase
covering 2017–2020 will focus on sustainable Libya Vision 2020 defines broad outcomes libya 2014–2016 • Pursue stabilization measures alongside economic,
human development, and governance reforms
growth by developing a consistent approach for the country as a whole which provide Stabilization and Reconstruction Vision supported by transformation projects
to managing ongoing conflicts, private a framework for national strategies and
sector development, investing in large-scale implementation plans. In collaboration
infrastructure programs, and structural with key stakeholders, detailed strategic
reforms to ensure an accountable, merit and operational plans for 2014–2016
based, performance-oriented public sector. articulating specific goals, strategies, and • Security sector reform • Public private • Key barriers to achieving • Local government entities
performance targets will be developed. that prioritizes the partnerships established quality education have the necessary foundations
development and in key sectors with addressed mandate and tools to
Transformation projects are large-scale At an appropriate stage, another plan implementation of potential for employment provide essential services
• Improved service delivery
initiatives intended to catalyze change and covering 2017–2020 will be produced. policies creation in existing healthcare • Oversight mechanisms
• Fundamental rights • Fiscal policy measures facilities for transparency and
are included to support the implementation guaranteed by law in place to limit budget accountability in place
• Enhanced standard of
of Libya Vision 2020. These projects are and defended by state volatility living due to expanded • Checks and balances
institutions • Key infrastructure community support in place to ensure
based on learnings from our nation building • Link between adherence rehabilitated and regional mechanisms democratic processes are
experience thus far and will be pursued to peace and involvement disparities addressed protected
in the body politic
in a phased approach to fundamentally established
transform the country by 2020. While
previous government efforts provide a
base to build on and there are ongoing
government initiatives that deserve
libya 2017–2020 • Continued focus on economic, human development,
and governance reforms for recovery and growth by
Recovery and Growth Vision scaling transformation projects
• Security forces under a • Key constraints to private • Labor market needs • Customer oriented
unified command with sector development linked to education service delivery at the
oversight by civilian assessed and addressed system national and municipal
authorities • Framework for governing • Healthcare system more levels
• Transparent, accountable public finances linked to responsive to local needs • An accountable, merit
judicial systems that development planning and universal insurance based, performance-
respect human rights and • Resource mobilization for in place oriented public sector
freedoms national and municipal • Prosperous communities • Expanded involvement of
• Mechanisms in place to infrastructure projects that are in harmony with citizens, civil society, and
proactively manage and secured through the natural environment independent media in the
contain conflicts institutional financing and and supportive of the democratic process
capital markets most vulnerable
8 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 9
How Libya Vision 2020
Was Developed
Libya Vision 2020 was developed by a on consensus from national consultations
working group of Libyan citizens who served and the experience of countries which
Libya in different capacities during the 17th have undergone similar transformations.
of February Revolution and continue to be
engaged in defining the nation’s future. The Unlike previous development planning
group includes previous members of the attempts, Libya Vision 2020 is owned
Libya Stabilization Team, which was tasked by Libyans and its implementation will
with preparing a comprehensive stabilization be stewarded by them. The participatory
plan for Libya after its liberation, as well manner in which Libya Vision 2020 was
as experts in several fields of importance developed will also be emphasized in its
to Libya’s development including security, implementation. Since Libya Vision 2020 is
economics, finance, education, social policy, a work in progress, an online citizen portal,
healthcare, and public sector management. called the Libya Vision Citizen Portal, has
been developed to give all Libyans a way
Libya Vision 2020 is based on extensive to engage with each other on the issues
consultations involving the participation that matter to them. The Libya Vision
of civil society organizations, community 2020 Citizen Portal provides a way to
leaders, business leaders, entrepreneurs, petition leaders to take action on a range
academics, students, professional groups, of important issues facing our country by
women and youth associations, and media. suggesting transformation projects and
Consultative forums were held in urban commenting on progress towards our 2020
and rural centers throughout Libya and goals. If a proposed transformation project
with the Libyan diaspora abroad. The receives enough support or citizen comments
objective of these consultations was to gain recommend a different course, we will
national consensus on the key challenges review citizen feedback and issue an official
that impede Libya’s progress and potential letter to the government requesting action.
strategies to create a better future by 2020. We invite all Libyans to play a part in this
Proposed transformation projects, which ongoing dialogue to bring transformative
have the potential to resolve key security, change to Libya. In this way, Libya’s future
economic, human development, and will be owned and sustained by its people.
governance challenges, were incubated in a
similar consultative process. Transformation
projects present workable solutions to
the problems Libyans face today based
10 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 11
Rediscovering Our Rich
Cultural and Societal Values
Since the 17th of February Revolution, Libyans have witnessed
several poorly implemented reform plans. This has led Libyans to be
skeptical of the government’s ability to lead transformative change.
Yet, our country’s history is replete with examples of triumph over
adversity and our ability to embrace profound change. In confronting
significant challenges and change in the past, our cultural fortitude
and societal values have always been a sources of strength and
guidance to inform difficult choices. Our cultural and societal values
are still valid as guiding foundations today and must be rediscovered
to confront present challenges and embrace change once again. Our
long-held cultural and societal values discussed below serve as guiding
foundations for the four development pillars of Libya Vision 2020
and are crucial to the implementation of all programs.
Rootedness
Libya Vision 2020 envisions an environment in which all Libyans
positively contribute to national development. Our nation will
prosper through the development and empowerment of all citizens.
However, Libya cannot evolve until we have a united and inclusive
nation where individuals and communities have a sense of common
and shared identity and destiny. Libya must become a nation that
is aware and proud of its rich spiritual, cultural, and social heritage.
This awareness and appreciation of our history and the transmission
of our values to future generations forms the foundation for an
integrated, peaceful society with loyalty and dedication to the future
of our nation. A renewed sense of Libyan identity will create a
The Foundations confident society which is proud of its achievements and resilient to
whatever challenges the future may hold.
for Libya Vision 2020
12 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 13
Our long-held cultural and societal Securing rights is essential in forming
Veteran
values serve as guiding foundations a foundation for the nation’s progress
Inclusion
that includes not just physical security
for the four development pillars of but also safeguarding social, political, During the 17th of February Revolution,
Libya Vision 2020 economic, and civic rights. thousands of men and women answered the
call to liberate the country by selflessly risking
international conventions, agreements, their lives. Political rhetoric that has stressed
and treaties and open up opportunities Gender respect for martyrs and expressed concern
Openness
Empowerment
for international cooperation. Productive for those injured has not led to the support
While Libya has suffered from four engagement with bilateral and multilateral During the 17th of February Revolution, veterans need to overcome the physical and
decades of self-imposed isolation due to organizations will allow us to more effectively women worked alongside men as equals in psychological injuries they sustained during
a confrontational foreign policy agenda, align development assistance with national pursuit of a common goal. The transformative the conflict. The significant contributions
rebuilding cooperative relationships with priorities identified in Libya Vision 2020. changes outlined in Libya Vision 2020 made by veterans during the 17th of February
regional and international partners is Forging a productive, outward-looking requires a similar level of social cohesion Revolution necessitate that we ensure they
required to realize the accelerated reforms foreign policy orientation will also allow that will be difficult to achieve if women are have access to healthcare, education, and
outlined in Libya Vision 2020. We have a us to reengage with Libyans abroad. Many excluded from economic, social, and political career transition assistance. However, Libya
long tradition of engagement with other Libyans who attended higher education life. Libya Vision 2020 includes gender equity lacks sufficiently trained social and healthcare
countries and cultures, and we should draw abroad have not returned to Libya but retain as a foundation for all programs. This will specialists who can accommodate the medical
on that rich history. Recalling our culture strong personal and business links with their require us to examine laws, political processes, needs of veterans to help them reintegrate
of openness, Libya can develop by adopting home country. We must develop effective and labor market and educational policies to back into society and reenter employment.
international good practices while having programs to encourage Libyans living abroad ensure that women can thrive and participate Research and advocacy must also be used to
the courage to discard out-of-date attitudes to contribute their skill sets towards the equally in Libya’s transformation journey. educate the public about the value of veterans’
that deter progress and undermine national reconstruction efforts of the country and contribution to society and assert their rights.
unity and strength. Globalization creates help in rebuilding our national identity.
unprecedented opportunities for progress Youth
Empowerment Disability
and prosperity which transcend Libya’s
Human Rights
boundaries and can only be accessed through Youth under the age of 35 make up the
Rights
strong trade and investment relationships. majority of the population. Addressing As a country that had to endure conflict to
International and intercultural dialogue can Human rights refer to the civil, political, issues facing Libya’s youth is crucial to secure its future, Libya must ensure equitable
also help us galvanize action that prevents economic, and social rights and freedoms ensuring reconciliation and responding to economic, political, and social opportunities
isolationism and extremism. Libya will play all Libyans are entitled to. Human rights the challenges that face our country. Access for its citizens who suffer from disabilities.
a constructive role within the frameworks include a range of rights such as freedom to education, healthcare and social services, Our struggle for socio-economic and
of the Arab League, Organization of Islamic of expression, freedom of assembly, the employment opportunities, and awareness of democratic transformation has unfortunately
Conference, African Union, and the United right to an adequate standard of living, the our cultural heritage are critical for enabling led to widespread impairments such as loss
Nations. As an active member of the right to adequate food, housing, water, and our youth to realize their full potential. Youth of limbs, loss of sight, psychological trauma,
international community, Libya must strive sanitation, and the right to education. In must also be engaged in political and civic and other disabilities. In some nations,
to contribute to international economic Libya today, there is a weak security sector, discourse to ensure they take ownership of the the disabled are socially stigmatized and
development, peace and security, combatting an underdeveloped criminal justice system, future that they will be tasked with leading. suffer from public misconceptions on their
transnational crime, and addressing global lack of checks and balances to monitor capabilities. As a nation, we must work
environmental change. Closer relationships abuses, and a lack of public awareness about towards overcoming societal, physical, and
with bilateral and multilateral development individual rights. These conditions have led infrastructural barriers that prevent the
partners will expand our participation in to human rights violations. disabled from living long and productive lives.
14 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 15
Science, technology, and innovation are
catalysts for social progress and the
basis for a prosperous economy
Science, Technology, We must ensure alignment between
and Innovation
national education and training systems
Achieving the goals of Libya Vision 2020 and our economic development ambitions
requires a society that is innovative and through more effective coordination
forward looking. Rather than being solely of institutions involved in human
a consumer, we must aspire to also be a development, alignment of macroeconomic
contributor to scientific and technological policies with our education system,
innovation. Science, technology, and and ensuring opportunities for lifelong
innovation are catalysts for social learning are inclusive and accessible.
progress and the basis for a prosperous
economy. Libya must develop a science,
technology, and innovation framework Public Sector
Excellence
that channels resources to scientific
research, research and development, A professional, committed civil service is
improving the technical capabilities of required to build a more citizen-focused
the national workforce, and in raising the and performance-oriented public sector.
quality of teaching in science, technology, As the largest employer in Libya, the
engineering, and mathematics fields. public sector determines the rapidity,
efficiency, and ultimate success of reforms.
Therefore, the quality of the public sector
Human Resources in terms of its accountability, effectiveness,
Development
and efficiency in administration, service
A highly educated and skilled workforce delivery, and management, is of utmost
is critical to enabling Libya to effectively importance to the country’s future. In
compete in the regional and global economy implementing Libya Vision 2020, ministry
as well as offer high quality public and and agency performance management
social services. A culture of lifelong learning must be linked to execution to ensure
which values human development through collective progress towards our 2020 goals.
education will be required to raise labor
productivity and secure our future.
16 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 17Establishing a Safe and Secure
Nation Built on Law, Order,
and Equitable Justice
Without establishing a peaceful society, Libya’s political, human, and
economic development will continue to be stalled by conflict. Peace
and security are necessary to ensure Libyans the freedom to pursue
daily activities without fear and to enable the government to deliver
essential services to citizens. Activities such as sending children to
school without fear for their physical security, going about daily
activities without fear of being targeted for political leanings or tribal
affiliation, accessing government services without fear of being a
victim of indiscriminate violence, and starting a business without fear
of attack or extortion are basic rights all Libyans deserve.
In addition to physical security, the fundamental freedoms that
Libyans fought for, such as the opportunity to live in a free society in
which all citizens have the right to free speech, freedom of association,
and access to justice, must be safeguarded. For this reason, Libya
Vision 2020 advances a plan to ensure the security of citizens and
state assets through the provision of an integrated national security
infrastructure and policies that guarantee the rule of law and
protection of fundamental rights and freedoms.
Peace, Security,
and Rule of Law
18 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 19Establishing and Maintaining
Peace and Security
Over three years after the 17th of February Maintaining peace and security will
Revolution, the Libyan government is require Libya to systematically reorganize Transformation Projects for
still struggling to establish control and and rebuild its police force, armed Establishing and Maintaining
rein in armed groups. Some of these forces, and all other security forces into Peace and Security
groups have used force against citizens, professional and capable institutions.
• Create a national security council that
foreigners, politicians, state institutions Security sector reform must prioritize
can coordinate effectively between
and assets, religious monuments, and the development and implementation
all government agencies involved in
rival groups. Experience from other post- of policies concerning national security,
national defense and security
conflict countries shows that establishing national policing, community policing,
peace and security often requires a strong, disaster management, and governance of • Develop a digital information system
professional, non-partisan security force. the relationships between different state that merges together data from all local
To effectively address insecurity, Libya actors involved in the security sector. and national security services to provide
must form a security force under a unified, decision makers with the ability to preempt
state controlled command structure that is Libya’s porous borders and lack of sufficient conflicts prior to them manifesting in
subject to oversight by civilian authorities. border control pose major security violence and deploy resources quickly
threats. Illegal trafficking of human and efficiently to contain conflicts
As Libya transitions from establishing to beings, drugs, weapons, and subsidized • Develop a rapid deployment force that is
maintaining peace and security, it must commodities fuels conflict, empowers non-ideological and non-partisan under
balance the interim need to quickly react vigilante groups, and promotes corruption. the command of the executive branch of
with force to illegal challenges to the Border security units must be strengthened government to be deployed throughout
state and violence against civilians with and supplemented by air, sea, and land the country with the purpose of upholding
a long term, proactive plan to prevent reconnaissance capacity, reinforcing bilateral peace and protecting sovereign assets
future violent conflicts from erupting. cooperation agreements with neighboring
Preventing future outbreaks of violence countries, enhancing mechanisms to • Form a paramilitary national police force that
can be quickly deployed to support civil law
will involve the development of a long- identify and prosecute perpetrators of
enforcement agencies when needed while
term engagement policy with municipal smuggling, and raising awareness about
enhancing the capacity of the national police
security forces and provision of material the negative impacts of smuggling.
service to achieve the UN recommended
support from national institutions to
police to population ratio of 1:450
municipal forces when combatting illegal
militias. Such an approach will empower • Establish a security agency tasked with the
municipalities to respond to local threats protection of cultural and historical sites
while building public confidence and
• Install civilian oversight boards
increasing accountability and legitimacy of
for all security agencies
national and municipal security institutions.
Submit your idea for a transformation
project at libyavision2020.ly
20 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 21Strengthening the Rule of Law
and Ensuring Access to Justice
Achieving and maintaining a safe and victims with monetary and non-monetary
secure environment in Libya requires reparations; and implementing institutional Transformation Projects for
that all citizens and institutions are held reforms such as the revision of criminal and Strengthening the Rule of Law
accountable to laws that are fairly applied commercial codes and the enhancement and Ensuring Access to Justice
and independently adjudicated. The of coordination between law enforcement,
• Prioritize the pursuit of career criminals who
experience of other post-conflict nations the judiciary, and the corrections system.
were released or escaped during the 17th of
shows that lack of legal recourse to resolve
February Revolution
disputes and an absence of mechanisms to Libya must seek to make all government
protect citizens from arbitrary imposition officials, individuals, and private entities • Support the General Prosecutor’s office in
of rules and regulations prevents nations equally accountable to the law. The formulating a strategy for the prosecution
from establishing the rule of law. government should streamline the of crimes against humanity and the
process by which laws are enacted and establishment of fair trial standards
In the aftermath of the 17th of February enforced and publicize all laws to ensure
Revolution, some Libyans sought justice that citizens are aware of their rights and • Ensure access to justice for all citizens
through non-state means. The use of responsibilities. Fundamental rights, through creating an institutional framework
extrajudicial means to resolve disputes was including the security of persons and legal aid and assistance services and
initially driven by the failure of existing legal property and the freedom of speech and establishing an institutional framework for a
structures to protect Libyan citizens and association, must be protected. Human small claims court system
lack of trust in the justice system. However, rights violations must also be prosecuted
• Enhance inter-agency cooperation in the
the continued inability of state actors to and unlawful detainments eliminated.
justice sector by adopting the UN Secretary
reform legal structures and apprehend and
General’s roadmap for transitional justice
prosecute suspected criminals has reinforced In our future vision for Libya, justice will
“To establish the rule of law in conflict and post-conflict societies and
low levels of trust in the judicial system and be delivered by an independent judiciary streamlining the functional capacity of legal
in Libya, transitional justice driven citizens to further rely on non-state in a timely manner by a well-trained and judicial institutions
must be achieved first.” actors for security and dispute resolution. cadre of professionals who are sufficient
in number and have adequate resources • Assign social workers and psychosocial
To establish the rule of law in Libya, at their disposal. The role of judges and support staff to police and correction facilities
transitional justice must be achieved first. prosecutors in the supervision of prisons
Libya Vision 2020 advocates adopting the must be clarified to ensure that prisoners
United Nations Secretary General’s roadmap are afforded their rights, and training for Submit your idea for a transformation
for conflict and post-conflict societies which prison administrators must be enhanced to project at libyavision2020.ly
recommends four mechanisms to restore the upgrade the level of security in prisons.
rule of law: Issuing a legislative framework
for transitional justice to include fact finding,
hearings, and trials; prosecuting individuals
responsible for abuses during and after the
17th of February Revolution; providing
22 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 23Achieving Long-term Peace and Stability
Through National Dialogue
Reconciliation involving all key stakeholders Our vision for Libya calls for the building of
will support our transformation from a a basic covenant of peace between Libyans to
fragile post-conflict nation towards a shared differentiate between citizens and saboteurs
future that promotes tolerance and mutual as a precursor to national dialogue. Such
respect. Without reconciliation, Libya cannot a covenant would establish a charter of
achieve long-term security and stability, and non-violence and respect for the dignity of
the ability of the state to maintain the rule of life as a precondition to being a part of the
law will be limited. However, reconciliation body politic and lay the ground rules for
cannot take place without having a national engaging in constructive debate about Libya’s
dialogue where all parties are involved in future. The covenant would ensure a safe
discussing the critical issues that face Libya environment for the exchange of thoughts
in a safe environment. While attempts and opinions. Efforts at re-igniting national
have been made by the government, several dialogue should focus on the inclusion of all Transformation Projects for
political forces, and civil society institutions regions, ethnicities, tribes, political parties,
Achieving Long-term Peace and
to start a national dialogue, none have and civil society institutions. To ensure
Stability Through National
materialized into meaningful debates and national dialogue is effective, we should
Dialogue
progress. No initiative has managed thus follow traditional methods of resolving
far to be inclusive of all political, social, and conflict that have been established over • Develop a covenant of peace and prioritize its
economic forces in the country. For this centuries which include community-led adoption by all actors in Libyan society
reason, many of the previous attempts at mediation and the involvement of tribal and
reconciliation have served as monologues community elders. We should also embrace • Institutionalize national and inter-community
dialogue by establishing a mechanism for
about dialogues rather than inclusive forums the role of civil society as an advocate for the
reconciliation that is inclusive of all political,
for national progress. A key challenge to moral and ethical positions that represent
economic, geographical, social, and civil
reconciliation is a current lack of consensus the nation and as an ultimate check on the
society groups
on the mandate of relevant institutions, system. Neutral actors should be invited to
the methodology that will be followed, and oversee the process and facilitate discussions • Promote the process of national dialogue by
stakeholders which should be included. between all actors. supporting civic education initiatives that
encourage dialogue between communities
and launching media campaigns that show
messages of support for the process by
representatives of all political, economic,
geographical, social, and civil society groups
Submit your idea for a transformation
project at libyavision2020.ly
24 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 25Building a Prosperous,
Productive, and
Innovative Nation
Over the next six years, Libya Vision 2020 articulates a plan to
transform the Libyan economy from stabilization to growth. The
challenge is to create a prosperous society with a competitive and
vibrant economy. While Libya is fortunate in possessing an enormous
wealth of natural resources, overreliance on the extractive sector leaves
our economy vulnerable. As a consequence, we must diversify our
economy into new high-value added sectors by creating a thriving
private sector that can offer attractive employment opportunities
for our youthful population. Economic diversification must be
accompanied by sound economic, fiscal, monetary, and public
expenditure policies that can support private sector led growth.
Investments in physical and social infrastructure are essential to
ensure economic diversification and to attract capital from the
private sector and foreign investors. Improving food security
and increasing rural employment will require raising agricultural
productivity and adopting modern techniques. If Libya’s hydrocarbon
resources are more effectively managed, our natural assets can
be invested to facilitate sustainable development by investing in
infrastructure, enhancing public and social services, improving
education, promoting entrepreneurship, and funding innovation.
Economic
Development
26 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 27Growing and Diversifying
the Economy
The large role the government plays in businesses, raise productivity, promote job The government remains deeply involved in
the economy, weak public institutions, creation, and increase revenues. An increased the country’s key economic sectors such as Transformation Projects
and regulatory deficiencies have led to focus on regulatory reform, training, utilities, oil and gas, agriculture, education, for Growing and Diversifying
barriers for private sector development. and financial and non-financial support transportation, construction, real estate, the Economy
The experience of other emerging nations can help incubate and grow Libya’s small and manufacturing. Previous attempts at
• Address property rights by kick-starting an
has shown that industrial clusters are an and medium sized businesses to generate privatization, such as those in the banking
internationally mediated national dialogue
effective strategy for catalyzing local and employment and diversify our economy. sector, have failed to create value for the
centered on property rights that would result
national economic development alongside country. Experience from other post-socialist
in developing policies, laws, mechanisms,
reforming the enabling environment for The right to own private property is an countries shows that gradual privatization
and institutions aimed at resolving property
business and investment. Libya can broaden essential human right and is the foundation of state owned enterprises and sales of state
disputes
and deepen its economy by consolidating its of free market economies. During the assets, if transparently executed, can promote
leading position in the energy sector while previous regime, property rights were private sector development. However, • Activate plans to establish special economic
developing industrial clusters in new sectors highly insecure. The Libyan government issues over ownership of state property and industrial zones that cater to priority
with future potential such as renewable regularly expropriated private land, housing, must be addressed through clear rules sectors such as energy, tourism, agriculture,
energy, tourism, agriculture, business process commercial and industrial property, and and regulations. The Libyan government and construction and logistics
offshoring, and transport and logistics. farm land for redistribution to certain should not be involved in providing
• Increase investment in oil and gas
individuals and groups. Lack of clarity services and products that can be delivered
infrastructure to upgrade the country’s ability
Small and medium sized businesses with surrounding property rights and ownership more efficiently by the private sector and to produce and export as well as develop
less than 50 employees and revenue under makes it difficult for individuals to provide instead act as a catalyst by ensuring that competencies in complementary industries
125,000 Libyan Dinars represent a significant collateral necessary for securing capital for infrastructure, human resources, and
portion of private sector businesses. There economic activity and poses major challenges legal frameworks are in place to stimulate • Stimulate entrepreneurship by supporting the
are also a significant number of informal to mobilizing investments for growing economic activity and private investment. creation of business incubators, enhancing
businesses which operate outside the formal and diversifying the economy. Libya can In parallel with privatization, Libya must access to capital by Libyan youth in the form
economy. Libyan small and medium sized unleash its economic potential by devising also determine the role foreign owned of providing government secured loans,
businesses often have difficulty accessing fair, equitable, and consistent policies and companies and foreign direct investment developing training programs, and introducing
growth capital to expand their businesses laws that support private property rights, will play in its economic transformation. legislation that enhances the ability of
entrepreneurs to register and grow their
and face an opaque regulatory environment. form property administration agencies,
businesses
Delivering on Libya’s ambitious growth establish appropriate restitution and
plans will require overcoming the significant compensation mechanisms, and adjudicate • Evaluate state owned enterprises and develop
barriers faced by small and medium disputes. While such a process might take a plan to privatize key sectors of the economy
business so that they can access capital, years to implement, adopting transitional in a manner that does not perpetuate inequity
attract sufficiently skilled workforces, and processes aimed at securitizing loans for in wealth distribution
are incentivized to engage in privately individuals interested in starting small
• Develop a national research and development
funded research and development. While businesses in areas of strategic economic
and technology transfer strategy that focuses
shuttering informal business involved in importance to Libya should be considered.
on creating applied research centers in
the illicit economy, informal businesses
universities in areas of economic priority to
must be supported to register as formal
Libya and develop a national research fund to
support innovative research
28 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 29Enhancing Economic Stability
High revenues from the oil and gas With significant development projects
industry in recent years have ensured envisioned by Libya Vision 2020, our
strong government budget surpluses. country will require a comprehensive
However, government spending will need forward-looking legal and budgetary
to be increased to rehabilitate and fund framework for governing public finance that
infrastructure projects as well as meet Libya’s is coordinated with development plans and
high public sector wage bill. Hydrocarbon linked to budget allocations. A reformed Transformation Projects for
dependency exposes Libya to global energy budgetary framework will enhance national Enhancing Economic Stability
market volatility which can make economic wealth by ensuring capital projects that • Establish a domestic bond market that
planning erratic and erode confidence in benefit the country the most are pursued. is Sharia compliant to diversify funding
the government to implement significant In some cases, select capital projects might mechanisms for infrastructure development
reforms that require long-term planning and benefit from public-private partnerships to and deepen capital markets
management. The capital-intensive transition enhance public value. Budgetary reform and
from stabilization to growth envisioned by an enhanced public investment framework • Review options to cushion the potential impact
Libya Vision 2020 will require fiscal policy will require significant capacity building in of hydrocarbon price volatility on government
measures to reduce economic volatility line ministries and implementing agencies. revenues and spending by diversifying
government revenue sources and reforming
due to potential commodity price shifts
the investment vehicles of the state
and to more effectively respond to shifting Libya’s banking system requires significant
economic conditions. New fiscal revenue structural and policy reforms to create a • Develop a roadmap for the implementation of
sources need to be identified to reduce the more stable environment for investment and the Islamic banking law that would take into
dependency of government finances on oil growth. Banking sector depth and financial account the supervisory and implementation
and gas revenues and increase spending sector development has been slowed by capacity of the financial system and be
capacity. A more stable and predictable fiscal unclear property rights, absence of credit consistent with the government’s financial
revenue stream will enable more effective information systems, and lack of competition sector development plans
economic planning and allow Libya to meet due to the prevalence of state-controlled
• Implement licensing requirements for
increasing budgetary commitments. While financial institutions. While the Central
exchange operators to enhance the regulatory
sovereign wealth funds, such as the Libyan Bank of Libya has taken on an increased
and supervisory reach of the Central Bank
Investment Authority, have been used to role in formulating and implementing
of Libya and adopt policies that would ease
balance the budget and finance development, monetary policy, licensing and regulating
restrictions on foreign currency transfers to
other potential mechanisms for decoupling commercial banks, and managing domestic limit the use of unlicensed operators
economic growth from oil price volatility debt, its mandate has grown to regulating the
need to be considered. financial system as a whole and managing • Integrate the Libyan Investment Authority and
systemic risk. Fulfilling this increased role other sovereign wealth funds within the fiscal
The annual budget is currently the will require strengthening the Central Bank’s framework to balance between their mandate
government’s primary tool for influencing supervisory role and financial intermediation as savings funds for future generations
short-term economic conditions. However, capacities to foster investment, growth, and and the need for hedging against oil price
budget preparation and disbursement macroeconomic stability. fluctuations
processes are currently inefficient and
emphasize centralized line-item control
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over spending ministry budgets rather than
project at libyavision2020.ly
linking budget allocations to impact.
30 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 31Rebuilding National
Infrastructure
Libya’s current infrastructure is inadequate commit significant financial resources
to provide the foundation for development. should be reviewed through a structured Transformation Projects for Rebuilding National Infrastructure
Libya Vision 2020 will focus on building a public investment planning process within • Establish a national infrastructure plan • Develop the legislative framework for
modern, efficient, and effective infrastructure the wider context of Libya’s development that is based on systematic assessment public-private partnerships and foreign
base to support human development, needs and priorities. Greater reliance must of investments relative to national investment to fund key infrastructure projects
economic development, and provision of be placed on institutional financing and development priorities which would
public services. In the past, spending was capital markets for resource mobilization • Develop an energy master plan that will
extend appropriate social and economic
concentrated primarily on select urban and public-private partnerships for service phase in user charges that reflect the
infrastructure throughout Libya
areas with pronounced shortages in other delivery. Although there is some economic costs of production, promotes the adoption
urban as well as rural areas. Wide disparities and social justification for subsidies for • Reevaluate infrastructure projects that are of renewable energy sources, rewards
exist in the provision and quality of public access to infrastructure services such as water, currently on hold to determine fit with national energy efficiency and conservation,
development priorities and resolve bottlenecks and supports domestic R&D
services which have translated into regional power, and energy, some subsidies may be
inequalities. While Libya’s most populous at odds with Libya Vision 2020’s focus on • Create municipal development and • Develop a national transportation master
urban centers will likely attract investment, sustainable development. In some cases, investment plans for each of Libya’s plan covering all transport modes, including
smaller urban centers may attract little subsidies distort the true value of resources municipalities which integrate land use roads, railways, civil aviation, water
infrastructural and industrial investment. and contribute to overconsumption and planning with infrastructure investment transport, urban transport, and other modes
Infrastructure disparities will need to be illicit economic activity. User charges that to support growth and development of transport such as pipelines and non-
addressed by developing the capabilities of better reflect full economic costs could make motorized transport, to provide a policy
• Establish a national infrastructure fund
municipalities to cope with infrastructural a significant contribution to ensuring Libya’s basis for how transportation funding is
which will support investments in projects of
deficiencies through decentralization of natural resources are sustainably maintained, spent and what projects are prioritized
national significance, particularly those that
financial and administrative powers and enhanced, and used, now and in the future.
support job creation, economic growth, and • Develop a national information and
more sound urban development planning.
productivity, such as highways, public transit, communications technology strategy
and trade-related infrastructure, and municipal to build world class infrastructure that
Our vision is to develop a national
infrastructure across the country in a broader increases high-speed broadband access for
infrastructure base which will connect all range of categories including highways, households and businesses and promotes
Libyan cities and towns with paved roads, public transit, drinking water, wastewater, accessibility to key government services
telecommunication facilities, electricity, broadband connectivity, and innovation
and water while offering exceptional
social infrastructure that provides access • Establish a municipal bond market to enable Submit your idea for a transformation
to quality education and social services municipalities to fund capital projects in project at libyavision2020.ly
to all citizens. Infrastructure projects that their communities by attracting outside
investment and providing residents with an
opportunity to invest in their community
32 libya vision 2020 libya vision 2020 33Modernizing Agriculture
for Food Security
Though Libya’s agricultural sector is small,
agriculture and livestock rearing is strongly Transformation Projects for
rooted in our traditions. We currently import Modernizing Agriculture for
far too much of our food. Libya Vision 2020 Food Security
envisions efficient, advanced agriculture,
• Develop a new strategy for food and
livestock, and fisheries sectors that ensure
agriculture which would take into account
food security and play a central role in the economic and environmental costs of
rural economic development. We have the the country’s system of farm subsidies
potential to revitalize our agricultural sector
to reduce agricultural imports, ensure food • Establish a food security strategy that would
security, create economic opportunities, and balance between local production, internal and
encourage healthy eating habits. external investments in agro-businesses, and
the acquisition of farm land in other countries
There is enormous potential for developing • Reform the agricultural extension system and
the agricultural sector through improved support local farmer organizations to increase
soil fertility, diversification into higher information access, develop and disseminate
value added crops, more efficient use improved varieties, improve techniques, and
of irrigation and desalinated water, and enhance access to production inputs
developing infrastructure for storage and
agro-processing. Improving the productivity • Implement one major downstream project
of Libya’s agricultural sector will require in the agriculture or fisheries sectors in
directing production towards high-yield each agricultural region to enable domestic
processing of Libyan meat, hides, skins, and
revenue crops that optimize water use
oils for national consumption and export
while resolving complex issues that include
to regional and international markets
access to and use of land. Agricultural
reform will entail addressing the difficulties • Improve access to credit by strengthening the
farmers face in accessing production inputs, Agricultural Bank of Libya and local farmers’
diversification in the range of agricultural organizations and agricultural credit organizations
goods and services produced through
• Develop an effective and integrated watershed
agricultural research and extension services,
management system and rehabilitate existing
and improvement in institutional capacity
irrigation systems to ensure adequate supply of
to export agricultural products. While Libya
water for agriculture and prevention of soil erosion
will be dependent on food imports for fully
meeting its domestic food demand for the • Fast track existing plans for desalination
foreseeable future, it may also explore global plants for domestic and agricultural use
investments in agribusiness projects and to hedge against overreliance on water
companies within the mandate of the Libyan supplies from the Man Made River
Investment Authority.
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project at libyavision2020.ly
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