David Watkins RIBA Part 3 Course 2014 - Building Regulations
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David Watkins RIBA Part 3 Course 2014 Building Regulations
If a builder build a house for someone and does not construct it properly and the
house which he built falls in and kills its owner……………………..............................
…………………………………………..................then the builder shall be put to death
Code of Hammurabi, Law 229, 1750 BC
Building Regulations
The need to regulate and control
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
It all began in London in 1189
High density of housing with construction and communal issues/implications
- Safety (hazard of fire)
- Quality of life (passage of light/party wall construction/sanitation/rainwater collection and discharge )
Major fire in 1212
Cessation in the use of thatch for roofs within the capital by mayoral decree
Assize Court of Nuisance C14 to mid C15 and C16 to end C17
Complaints of nuisance brought by neighbours and judged by mayor and aldermen
Developed use of experienced craftsmen as viewers to advise and guide City Councils
London lead was followed by other major cities
Control of building line and encroachment onto streets
Restriction on the use of thatch and framed construction of chimneys
Recommendation for the use of stone, brick and tile for buildings within an urban setting………………………..
but still the wide (and cost effective) use of traditional timber frame construction continued and persisted
Great Fire of London 1666
London Building Act 1667 – legal requirements with surveyors appointed and empowered to enforce the regulations
Use of brick and stone/distance between opposite dwellings/storey height/width of walls/etc
London Building Acts subject to continual review and revision
Principal Acts 1707, 1709……………….up to 1774 by which time all London districts covered by regulations.
Building Regulations
United Kingdom – long history of legal controls on building construction
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Provincial towns followed suit – Building Acts passed for Bristol (1778 and 1840) and Liverpool (1825 and 1842)
Local Improvement Acts subsequently favoured to tackle varied problems for specific towns and cities
400 Improvement Acts were passed between 1800 and 1845 for 208 towns in England and Wales
Victorian Britain and Government also concerned about living conditions and standards……overcrowding/water supply/sanitation
National Building Act 1841 proposed to be adopted/applied to all borough councils FAILED TO BE CARRIED
Metropolitan Building Office established in 1844 for building control for whole London area (replaced by Board of Works in 1855)
Public Health Acts/Bye-laws developed from 1848 via boards of health with subsequent control on the construction of buildings
Local Government Act 1858 Requirement for deposit of plans for all new or existing buildings to be altered
Public Health Act 1936 Recommendations and guidelines – variation from one Local Authority to another
Public Health Act 1961 Recommendations and guidelines – national standards and regulations
Building Regulations 1963 Prescriptive building standards that had to be followed.
Public Health Act 1961 was statutory instrument (objective for building regulations to be in force within three years of the Act)
Building Act 1984 Fundamental changes to the building regulations regime :
Functional performance standards (Approved Documents)
Competition into the building control sector (Approved Inspectors)
Building Regulations 2000 and Building (Approved Inspectors, etc) Regulations 2000
Building Regulations 2010 and Building (Approved Inspectors, etc) Regulations 2010 Revoked 2000 Regulations and all amendments
Package of deregulatory changes introduced in 2012 to ensure regulations were up to date and effective
Amendments introduced in 2012, 2013 and 2014 (latest in force 06 April 2014) – total 9 changes since October 2010.
Building Regulations
United Kingdom – long history of legal controls on building construction
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Building Regulations
The need for constant review : Summerland, Douglas, Isle of Man
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Building Regulations
Summerland, Douglas, Isle of Man : major fire with 3000 tourists in building
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
50 dead, 30 seriously injured, 49 injured
Rapid development and spread of fire
coupled with the delayed, difficult and
unorganised evacuation of the building
No villains
External acrylic glazing : no resistance to
fire
Internal wall finish : no resistance to fire
or surface spread of flame
– but good acoustic lining!
Changes to Regulations introduced: Part E
Means of escape from premises
Fire resistance and surface spread of flame
for external and internal materials
Access and facilities for fighting fires
Building Regulations
Summerland, Douglas, Isle of Man
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
* Power to make building regulations in Wales was devolved to the Welsh Assembly in 2013
• Secure the health, safety, welfare and convenience of people in
and around buildings and people who might be affected by
those buildings
• Conserve fuel and power
• Prevent waste, environmental damage and the undue consumption,
misuse or contamination of water
• Work must be checked by an independent third party to ensure the
required standards are met and satisfied
• Regulations are constantly reviewed to ensure fairness, efficiency and
effectiveness and remain up to date to incorporate the latest
advances in technology, building practice and construction techniques
Building Regulations
The Aims and Objectives of the current Regulations in England*
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Building Act 1984
• Under the Act the Secretary of State has powers to make regulations regarding the design and construction of buildings and
the provision of services, fittings, fixtures and equipment.
• Under the Act the 2010 Building Regulations and Building (Approved Inspectors) Regulations are issued and amended
• The Building Regulations and Approved Inspectors Regulations comprise procedural requirements that sets out what kind of
work need Building Regulations approval and how that approval should be obtained.
• The substantive requirements are set out in Schedule 1 of the Building Regulations and divided into 14 parts A-P plus Regulation 7
Parts A-D, F-K and P do not require anything to be done except to ensure the health and safety of people in
and around buildings and of people who are affected by them.
Parts E and M require measures for the convenience of the building users.
Part L requires measures for the conservation of energy.
Reasonable provisions and details are set out which if adopted would be deemed to satisfy the Regulations
Cross reference is made to relevant British Standards and European Standards (or updated version where still applicable)
Regulation 7 requires building work to be carried out in a workmanlike manner with adequate and proper materials
• Part A (structural safety)
Other legislation affecting building work • Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other
• Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (HSWA) than dwelling houses
• Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture)
and Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) • Part D (toxic substances)
Regulations 1992 • Part E (resistance to sound)
• Part F (ventilation)
• Part G (sanitation, hot water safety
• Party Wall Act 1996 and water efficiency)
• Part H (drainage and waste disposal)
• Part J (heat-producing appliances)
• Local Acts of Parliament still enforced • Part K (protection from falling)
by the respective Local Authority • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
• Part M (access to and use of buildings)
• Part N (glazing safety)
• Part P (electrical safety)
Building Regulations • Regulation 7 (Workmanship and materials)
The Legal Framework
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
The Regulations apply when building work takes place which is defined as:
• The erection or extension of a building
• The provision/extension of a controlled fitting Parts G, H, J, L or P impose a requirement – doors, windows and space heating
• The material alteration of a building or An alteration is considered as material (significant) if:
controlled fitting or service
• Non-compliance of a previously complying building/controlled fitting or
service
• Greater non-compliance of a previously non-complying building/controlled
fitting or service.
• Relevant Sections
Part A (Structure)
Part B1 (Means of Escape)
Part B3 (Internal fire spread – structure)
Part B4 (External Fire spread)
Part B5 (Access and facilities for fire service)
Part M (Access to and use of buildings)
• The work required as the result of material Some changes of use are regarded as being significant for the purposes of the
change of use Building Regulations and the building needs to comply with certain requirements
of Schedule 1.
• There are common requirements to all changes of use
• There are specific requirements to certain changes of use
• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Building Work • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Building Work • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014The Regulations apply when building work takes place which is defined as:
• The erection or extension of a building
• The provision/extension of a controlled fitting Parts G, H, J, L or P impose a requirement – doors, windows and space heating
• The material alteration of a building or An alteration is considered as material (significant) if:
controlled fitting or service
• Non-compliance of a previously complying building/controlled fitting or
service
• Greater non-compliance of a previously non-complying building/controlled
fitting or service.
• Relevant Sections from Schedule 1 are
Part A (Structure)
Part B1 (Means of Escape)
Part B3 (Internal fire spread – structure)
Part B4 (External Fire spread)
Part B5 (Access and facilities for fire service)
Part M (Access to and use of buildings)
• The work required as the result of material Some changes of use are regarded as being significant for the purposes of the
change of use Building Regulations and the building needs to comply with certain requirements
of Schedule 1.
• There are common requirements to all changes of use
• There are specific requirements to certain changes of use
• The insertion of insulating material into a
cavity wall of a building
• The work involved in underpinning a building
• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Building Work • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014• Work required by Regulation 22 A change of energy status occurs when building work makes a building subject to
(requirements relating to a change of energy the requirements of Part L where previously it was not :
status) i.e. Installation of space heating in a previously unconditioned building.
Further building work may be required to achieve compliance with Part L
• Work required by Regulation 23 Thermal element is a wall, floor or roof (not secondary element such as a window,
(requirements relating to thermal elements) door or rooflight) that separates thermally conditioned space from outside/ground
Walls and floors will also be thermal elements if they separate the conditioned
space from another part of the building which is:
• Unconditioned
• An extension in Class 7 of Schedule 2
• Conditioned to a different temperature (not a dwelling/different uses)
Renovation of a thermal element to be carried out to ensure the whole of the
thermal element complies with L1(a)(i) in Schedule 1
Where a thermal element is replaced the new thermal element must comply with
L1(a)(i) in Schedule 1
• Work required by Regulation 28 Improvements are required to the energy efficiency of an existing building in
(consequential improvement to energy excess of 1000m² if the work comprises or includes:
performance) • an extension
• The initial provision of any fixed building services
• An increase to the installed capacity of any fixed building services
PROVIDED – improvements are technically, functionally and economically feasible
• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Building Work • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014OVER A BARREL
In a weak or difficult position…………no options………………………….forced to accept the situation
Expression recorded in 1938 supposedly alludes to reviving a drowned victim by placing the
body head down over a barrel and rolling it back and forth so as to empty the lungs of water
Saying survives whilst practice does not
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Building work must comply with the requirements of the Building Regulations unless:
• The building belongs to an exempt body and the work is being carried out on behalf of such a body
Statutory Undertakers such as water and sewerage authorities (but not private companies)
UK Atomic Energy Authority
Civil Aviation Authority
Licensed air traffic services (individual or company license)
Beware of anomalies
Houses and offices (not forming part of power station or airport) must still comply with the Regulations
Crown buildings (law courts/government offices) are not subject to procedural requirements but must still comply
with substantive requirements (Approved Documents)
Health Authority Buildings no longer have Crown Immunity and must comply with the Regulations
Buildings with Crown Immunity or owned by Statutory Undertakers are not exempt from regulations regarding
energy efficiency (unless exempt under Regulation 21_primarily historic buildings)
Mayor’s Office for Policing and Crime is exempt from procedural requirements but not substantive requirements
• The building is one of the exempt categories listed in Schedule 2 of the Regulations
Class 1 : Buildings controlled under other legislation (Explosives Regulations/Nuclear Installations Act/AMAA Act)
Class 2 : Buildings not frequented by people (fixed plant/equipment with limitation on proximity to boundary/adjacent building)
Class 3 : Greenhouses and agricultural/horticultural buildings (no part used as a dwelling with limitation on proximity to
adjacent buildings which contain sleeping accommodation and the provision of emergency exits within 30m zone)
Class 4 : Temporary Buildings (less than 28 days usage)
• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Exemptions • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Class 5 : Ancillary buildings (housing sales/site cabins/mining accommodation/no sleeping facilities)
Class 6 : Small detached buildings (single storey building less than 30m² with no sleeping accommodation/nuclear
shelter/building less than 15m²)
Class 7 : Extension at ground level not greater than 30m² (conservatory/porch/covered way/car port)
Beware of anomalies
An exempt building may still be subject to Parts G, L and P
Greenhouses and small detached buildings are subject to Part G
Extensions under Class 7 will only be exempt if existing windows/door are retained or replaced if removed and the
heating system is not extended into the conservatory or porch.
The requirements for electrical safety covered in Part P apply to greenhouses/small detached dwellings (Class 6)
and extensions (Class 7) if electricity supply is shared or located within or from the respective dwelling.
Energy efficiency requirements of Part L apply to any building or extension other than Class 7 extensions and………..
Historic Buildings (SAMs/Listed Buildings/Conservation Areas)
Places of Worship
Temporary Buildings with less than two years of planned use
Industrial sites/workshops/non-residential agricultural buildings with low energy demand
Stand-alone buildings other than dwellings with a total usable floor area less than 50m ²
Minor work as listed in Schedule 4 is exempt from notification (building notice or full plans application) but must
comply with the substantive requirements of the Regulations ………..minor items including the kitchen sink!
• Part A (structural safety) • Part E (resistance to sound) • Part K (protection from falling)
• Part B (fire safety) - volume 1: dwelling houses • Part F (ventilation) • Part L (conservation of fuel and power)
Building Regulations • Part B (fire safety) - volume 2: buildings other than • Part G (sanitation, hot water safety • Part M (access to and use of buildings)
dwelling houses and water efficiency) • Part N (glazing safety)
Exemptions • Part C (resistance to contaminants and moisture) • Part H (drainage/waste disposal) • Part P (electrical safety)
• Part D (toxic substances) • Part J (heat-producing appliances) • Regulation 7 Workmanship + materials
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Historic and Listed Buildings are not exempt from the Building Regulations but it is recognised that:
• The special character and architectural qualities should be conserved
• It may be neither viable nor appropriate for a historic building to reach the performance standards expected for other buildings
Historic buildings include:
• Listed Buildings (Grade I/Grade II*/Grade II)
• Historic but unlisted buildings set within a Conservation Area
• Buildings of local historic/architectural interest and identified in the development plan of the Local Authority
• Buildings within National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and World Heritage Sites
• Vernacular buildings of traditional form and construction
Particular issues warranting sympathetic treatment include:
• Restoring the historic building previously subject to insensitive and inappropriate interventions
• Reconstruction of a historic building and associated details destroyed/lost/severely damaged
• Restoration and/or adaptation of the historic fabric to maintain environmental balance and conditions
• Restoration and/or adaptation of historic details to improve performance in use/aid cyclical and planned maintenance
• Introduction of building and service interventions which are sensitive to the historic structure, fabric and finishes
Building Regulations
Listed and Historic Buildings
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Listed Buildings : considerations Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Listed Buildings : basis for restoration Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Listed Buildings : waivers and retention of character Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014
Building Regulations
Part 2 : Approved Documents and Options to gain approval
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART A : STRUCTURE
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
• Reference to Eurocodes rather than British Standards
• Revised calculation for maximum building height
• Revised specifications for cavity wall ties
• Increased depth to underside of foundations for some clay soils
• Maximum area of storey at risk of collapse increased by 100m²
• Analysis for seismic design to be considered for some buildings
A1 Construction of the building to ensure safe transfer of dead,
imposed and wind loads to ground safely and without
deformation of that building/ground/other buildings
A2 Construction of the building so that ground movement
(swelling/shrinkage/freezing/land slip) will not impair stability
– in so far as the risk can be foreseen
A3 Construction of a building to ensure in the event of accident
collapse is not disproportionate to the cause
Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART B : FIRE SAFETY V1 DWELLING HOUSES
V2 ALL OTHER BUILDINGS
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7 and
specific changes which include:
• Standard and selection of smoke alarms
• Provisions for spread of flame over internal linings
• Provisions of fire protection under Local Acts has been repealed
B1 Design and construction of the building to provide early warning
of fire and means of escape to outside at all material times
B2 Internal linings (wall/partition/internal structure/ceiling) must
adequately resist the spread of flame over the surfaces and have
(if ignited) a rate of fire growth which is reasonable in the
circumstances
B3 Design and construction of the building to maintain stability for
a reasonable period of time in the event of fire
Design and construction of a wall common between two or more
buildings to resist spread of fire between those buildings
Design and construction of the building to inhibit the spread of
fire either by the introduction or fire resisting sub-divisions or
the installation of suitable fire suppression systems
Design and construction of the building to inhibit the spread of
fire and smoke within concealed spaces
B4 Design and construction of the external walls and roof of the
building to resist the spread of fire between adjacent buildings
B5 Design and construction of the building to provide reasonable
facilities to assist firefighters in the protection of life
Design and arrangement of the site to provide access to fire
appliances to the building
Building Regulations
Approved Documents Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART C : SITE PREPARATION
RESISTANCE TO CONTAMINANTS/MOISTURE
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7 and
updated information which includes :
• Provisions for radon protection updated to follow latest maps
• Annex A has been withdrawn (guidance on the assessment of
contaminated land)
• Reference documents have been updated
C1 Ground covered by the building to be free from any material
that could damage the building/affect its stability
Reasonable precautions taken to avoid H&S issues caused by
contaminants on/in the ground or covered by the site/building
Sub-soil drainage to be provided to avoid passage of moisture to
the interior of the building/damage to the building via water
borne contaminants
Contaminant defined as any substance which is corrosive,
explosive, flammable, radioactive or toxic and may become
harmful to persons or buildings
C2 Design and construction of the building to ensure walls, floors
and roof adequately protect the building and people from
harmful effects caused by:
Ground Moisture
Rain/wind driven rain
Interstitial and surface condensation
Spillage of water from sanitary fittings/fixed appliances
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART D : CAVITY INSULATION
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
D1 Protection of building occupants from toxic fumes produced by
the installation of cavity wall insulation
Refers to the use of Urea Formaldehyde (UF)
Selection of alternative materials - blown fibres/polystyrene
beads/polyurethane foam/etc which do not give off toxic fumes
Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART E : RESISTANCE TO THE PASSAGE OF SOUND
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
Reduction of sound transmission into and between rooms of
residential buildings and acoustic performance of school buildings
Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005
Environmental Noise (England) Regulations 2006
E1 Design and construction of dwellinghouses, flats and rooms to
provide reasonable resistance to sound from other parts of the
same building or from adjoining buildings
E2 Design and construction of dwellinghouses, flats and rooms to
provide reasonable resistance to sound at :
• Internal walls between a bedroom and wc (not en suite)
• Internal floors
E3 Design and construction of common internal parts of buildings
which contain flats and rooms to prevent more reverberation
than is reasonable
E4 Design and construction of each room within a school building
to ensure the acoustic conditions and insulation against
disturbance by noise is achieved to facilitate the intended use.
Some things to note and consider:
Pre-completion testing
Testing procedures/grouping/failed tests/remedial/re-testing
Robust details scheme
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART F : MEANS OF VENTILATION
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
(major changes introduced in 2010)
• Improved air tightness/construction = less air infiltration to
augment deliberate ventilation
• Commissioning, testing and certification of results for mechanical
ventilation installations
F1 Design and construction of the building to ensure adequate
means of ventilation are provided
Fixed systems for mechanical ventilation must be tested
Parameters are established within the regulation to consider and
design in such a manner to limit the accumulation of moisture
which could lead to mould growth/pollutants; extract water
vapour; extract or dilute pollutants in habitablre rooms; provide
a minimum supply of outside air; ensure H&S of occupants; and
facilitate maintenance.
Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART G : SANITATION, HOT WATER SAFETY and WATER EFFICIENCY
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
Provision of safe and wholesome hot and cold water supplies
and adequate sanitary arrangements
G1 Wholesome cold water supply to:
• Drinking points
• Washbasin or bidet in a room/adjacent a room with wc*
• Washbasin/bidet/fixed bath/shower in a bathroom*
• Sink within a food preparation area
Suitable provision to any appliance with a flushing device
G2 Installation of fittings and fixed appliances that use water
efficiently and reduce water consumption
G3 Installation of heated wholesome/softened wholesome water to
• Washbasin or bidet in a room/adjacent a room with wc*
• Washbasin/bidet/fixed bath/shower in a bathroom*
• Sink within a food preparation area
Safe installation of pressurised hot water systems and delivery of
hot water at controlled temperature
G4 Provision of adequate and suitable sanitary conveniences in
rooms designed to accommodate them or in bathrooms
Provision of complimentary hand washing facilities
Separation from kitchen/any area where food is prepared.
G5 Bathrooms must contain washbasin and bath or fixed shower
G6 The design must incorporate the provision of a suitable sink in
Building Regulations kitchens and food preparation areas)
Approved Documents Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART H : DRAINAGE AND WASTE DISPOSAL
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
H1 Provision of an adequate system of drainage to carry foul water
from appliances within the building to (in order of priority):
Public sewer
Private sewer connecting to a public sewer
Treatment tank/septic tank
Cesspool
H2 Location, design and construction of treatment systems to :
Not be prejudicial to health of any person
Not contaminate water course/underground water/water supply
Adequate means of access for maintenance
Continue to function in the event of loss of power
Treatment system must be of adequate capacity, be constructed
to be impermeable to liquids and be adequately ventilated
Display information regarding treatment plant/maintenance
H3 Provision of an adequate system of drainage to carry rainwater
from the roof areas/paved areas of the building to discharge to:
Soakaway or filtration system
Watercourse
Sewer
*does not apply where rainwater is harvested
H4 Procedures/requirements for building over sewer/disposal main
H5 Procedures for surface water sewers/combined systems
H6 Provision of adequate storage for solid waste taking account the
use of the building and collection arrangements
Building Regulations
Approved Documents Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART J : COMBUSTION APPLIANCES and FUEL STORAGE SYTEMS
Minor changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
(major changes introduced in 2010)
• Provision of carbon monoxide alarms for solid fuel installations
• Adequate air supply for appliances in air tight dwellings
• Access for visual inspection of concealed flues
• The use of biofuel and mineral oil/liquid biofuel mixes
• Provision of secondary containment within Zone 1 of a
groundwater Source Protection Zone
J1 Provision of adequate air supply to fixed combustion appliances
J2 Provision of adequate discharge of combustion products from
combustion appliances to outside air
J3 Design, location and detail of fixed combustion appliances to
detect and give early warning of carbon monoxide gases
J4 Design and construction of fireplaces/chimneys and the
installation of combustion appliances to restrict outbreak of fire
J5 Provision of accessible information to advise building occupants
and users of combustion appliances/associated elements
J6 Design, location and detail of fuel storage systems and the
associated supply pipework/equipment
J7 Design, location and detail of oil storage tanks to restrict spillage
of oil/risk of pollution and associated notification of information
Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART K : PROTECTION FROM FALLING, COLLISION and IMPACT
Changes introduce to avoid conflict with Part M and N:
• Part K and part N (Glazing) combined into an expanded Part K
• Approved Document K has been completely revised
• Document is in a new format and edited to Plain English standards
• Changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
• There are no revisions to the technical requirements or guidance
K1 Design, construction and installation of stairs, ladders and
ramps are to be safe for persons moving about the building
K2 Design, construction and installation of barriers to stairs,
ladders, ramps, light wells, sunken areas and basements to
protect people within or about the building from falling
K3 Vehicle ramps/any levels in a building to which vehicles have
access are to be provided with barriers to protect people
Vehicle loading bays are to be designed and detailed to protect
people from collision with vehicles
K4 Glazing within the building that people are likely to come into
contact with is to:
• resist impact without breaking
• be shielded or protected from impact
• if broken on impact the glass will break in a manner unlikely
to cause injury
K5 Provision is to be made to prevent people moving around the
building from colliding with open windows/skylights/vents
Transparent glazing with which people are likely to come into
contact whilst moving around the building is to incorporate
Building Regulations features making it apparent
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014K5 Continued
Windows, rooflights, skylights and ventilators to be opened by
people within the building are to be constructed or equipped to
allow safe operation/adjustment (not dwellings)
Provision to be made for any glazed screens, windows,
rooflights, skylights and ventilators within walls, roofs or ceilings
to be safely accessible for cleaning (not dwellings)
K6 Provision is to be made to prevent any door or gate:
• which slides or opens upwards from falling on a person
• which is powered from trapping a person
Provision is to be made for powered doors to be opened in the
event of a power failure
Provision is to be made to ensure a clear view of the space on
either side of a swing door or gate
Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Building Regulations
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART L1A/L2A : CONSERVATION OF FUEL and POWER
NEW DWELLINGS and OTHER NEW BUILDINGS
The revisions to Part L address the requirements of the recast
Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (2010/31/EU) and take
a further step towards the zero carbon standards required in 2016
(dwellings) and 2019 (other buildings)
The main changes are:
• A reduction in permitted carbon dioxide emissions of 6%
for dwellings and an aggregate 9% for buildings other than
dwellings
• The introduction of fabric energy efficiency standards for
new dwellings
• A requirement to assess the feasibility of high-efficiency
alternative systems for new buildings
• Minor revisions to the SBEM and SAP calculation
methodologies
• Tightening of some of the limiting values for the efficiency
of building fabric and services
In addition the Approved Document has been arranged in a
different single column format and the language revised to Plain
English standards
There are minor amendments only to the equivalent documents
for existing dwellings and non-dwelling buildings (L1B and L2B)
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART L1B/L2B : CONSERVATION OF FUEL and POWER
EXISTING DWELLINGS & OTHER EXISTING BUILDINGS
The requirements for work to existing buildings are largely
unchanged with only minor changes to standards to controlled
fittings and the treatment of thermal elements
The main changes are:
• Additional guidance has been introduced for the design of
swimming pools/thermal bridging at junctions between
basin walls, floor and foundations
• Minor changes to the standards of controlled fittings have
been incorporated which now include DSER standards for
doors; the proportion of glazing which defines glazed doors
has been increased from 50% to 60% assessed on the
external face (other than dwellings)
• The requirements for the replacement and renovation of
thermal elements in Regulation 23 have been clarified. If
the work to replace or renovate a thermal element
constitutes a major renovation (undefined!) or affects more
than 50% of the element then the whole element must be
replaced or renovated.
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART M : ACCESS TO AND USE OF BUILDINGS
Changes introduced to avoid conflict with Part K
• Much of the guidance for stairs, ramps, handrails, guardings,
vision panels and manifestation of glazing has been removed from
Part M which now cross references to revised Part K
• Guidance on access to buildings still in Approved Document M
• Guidance on satisfying the Equality Act replaces guidance on the
Disability Discrimination Act
• There is no longer a requirement to submit a written access
statement but there is a more general obligation to demonstrate
how the design approach will satisfy the requirements of Part M
• Changes resultant from introduction of Regulation 7
• Some references/guidelines have been updated
M1 Design and construction of the building to make reasonable
provision for people to gain access to and use building/facilities
M2 Design and construction of an extension to the building to
provide suitable independent access (unless through building)
M3 Where sanitary conveniences are provided in a building that is to
be extended then reasonable provision is to be made for
sanitary conveniences in the extension (unless there is
reasonable provision in the building that is readily accessible)
M4 Sanitary conveniences are to be provided in the entrance storey
of a dwelling or in the principal storey where the entrance storey
contains no habitable rooms
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014PART P : ELECTRICAL SAFETY - DWELLINGS
The current edition of Approved Document P has been updated/
re-formatted and replaces the previous edition
• The range of electrical work that is notifiable has been reduced
• Installers who are not a registered competent person may use a
registered competent person to certify work as an alternative to
Building Control
• Technical guidance now referenced to BS 7671 2011 Amendment 1
P1 Reasonable provision shall be made in the design and
installation of electrical installations in order to protect persons
operating, maintaining or altering the installations from fire and
injury.
There are limits on application:
• Electrical installations at low or extra low voltage
• In or attached to a dwelling
• In the common parts of a building serving one or more
dwellings (but excludes electrical supplies to lifts)
• In areas outside the dwelling (garden/external
lights/ponds/PVP
• In outbuildings/garages/greenhouses (even if in Schedule 2)
Part P does not apply to electrical installations:
In business premises in the same building as a dwelling but
separately metered
That supply power to lifts in blocks of flats
Building Regulations Advice, identification and application of requirements?
Approved Documents
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014REGULATION 7: MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP
The current edition of Approved Document Regulation 7 has been
updated/ re-formatted and replaces the previous edition
• The edition has been updated to reflect the full implementation of
European Regulation 305/2011/EU-CPR covering construction
products
• The regulation requires that products covered by a harmonised
European product standard of conforming to a European Technical
Assessment should carry CE marking
Building work to be carried out in a workmanlike manner with
adequate and proper materials which are:
Appropriate for the circumstances of use
Adequately mixed or prepared
Applied, installed, used or fixed so as to perform adequately
their intended functions
Materials includes products, components, fittings, naturally
occurring materials, items of equipment and backfill for
excavations
Establish suitability of materials specified
CE/Britishsuitability
Establish Standard/National Technical
of materials Specification from
specified
another country/Independent accredited certification scheme/
tests and calculations/past experience
Short lived materials may be acceptable provided they are
accessible for maintenance/replacement and no H&S issues
The adequacy of workmanship may be established by methods
covered by CE/BS/Independent Certification Schemes/
Management Systems/Past Experience/Testing (request by BCB)
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Building Notice No certification
Full Plans Approval Notice/Completion Certificate
Local Authority
Determination
Regularisation Certificate of Regularisation and
Appeals
Relaxations
Initial Notice Plans Certificate and
Dispensations
Approved Inspector
Insurance backed Final Certificate
Self certification Competent Persons Register Certificate of Compliance
3rd Party Certification
BC Performance Standards
Planning Permission Listed Building Consent
Building Regulations
Approval – from where and from whom?
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Building Notices
This is not an option if :
Building work which is subject to Section 1 of the Fire Precautions Act 1971
Part II of the Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regulations 1997
For work which will be built close to or over the top of rainwater and foul drains shown on the map of sewers
Where a new building will front onto a private street
Issue notice and advise of intention to start and relevant date
Additional information may be requested before or whilst the work is in progress
The works will be inspected at strategic points in the construction sequence
No completion certificate will be issued and no determination procedure is possible
Building Notice is valid for three years
Full Plans Applications
Application should be made well in advance of work starting on site
Local Authority will liaise and consult with the relevant authorities (fire and sewerage)
Decision notice will be issued within five weeks (extended to two months by agreement)
Advise of intention to start and relevant date
The works will be inspected at strategic points in the construction sequence
Determination procedure and appeals procedures are possible
Completion certificate will be issued on satisfactory completion of the work
Full Plans Approval Notice is valid for three years
Building Regulations
Limitations on Options
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Type of Information Building Notice Full Plans
Identification The name and address of the person intending to carry out the work. The submission must be signed by
that person or on their behalf
Statement A statement that the notice is given A statement that the plans are deposited for the purpose
for the purpose of Regulation 12(2)(a) of regulation 12(2)(b)
Description Description of the proposed building work, renovation or replacement of a thermal element, change
to the building’s energy status or material change of use
Particulars of the location of the building and its use or intended use
Information required for the A plan to a scale of not less than 1:1250 showing:
erection or extension of a building • The size and position of the building or the building as extended and the relationship to adjoining
boundaries
• The boundaries of the curtilage of the building or the building as extended and the size, position
and use of every other building or proposed building within that curtilage
• The width and position of any street on or within the boundaries of the curtilage of the building
or the building as extended
A statement specifying the number of storeys (each basement level being counted as one storey) in
the building
The provision to be made for the drainage of the building or extension
The steps to be taken to comply with any local enactment which applies
Information required when H4 of Not applicable Details of the precautions to be taken in a building over a
Schedule 1 applies drain, sewer or disposal main
Fire Not applicable A statement as to whether the Regulatory Reform (Fire
Safety) Order 2005 applies before/after completion
Additional Information Not applicable Any plans required to show how the work would comply
with the Regulations
Number of copies of the One Two of which the local authority may retain one. Where
submission Part B of Schedule 1 (Fire Safety) imposes a requirement
an additional two copies of any such plans as demonstrate
compliance with that requirement, both of which may be
retained by the local authority (does not apply to
dwellings)
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Approved Inspectors
Just a few brief points………....………………………honest
Approved Inspectors are authorised under the Building Act 1984 to provide building control service
Register of approved companies is maintained by CIC (Construction Industry Council)
Approved Inspectors must be independent, have no professional interest in the project and be insured
Initial Notice must be served on the Local Authority in accordance with Schedule 1
Local Authority must accept or reject the notice within five days (rejection only acceptable under Schedule 2)
Approved Inspector must liaise with Fire Authority and Sewerage Undertaker as necessary/appropriate
Approved Inspector can be asked for Plans Certificate and issue with a copy to Local Authority
Variations need incorporating within a revised notice and re-issued to the Local Authority cancelling the initial notice
Approved Inspector monitors the work but should cessation of the service occur then the initial notice must be
cancelled, a new Approved Inspector brought in and a new initial notice issued…………...and the process continued.
Final Certificate is issued on completion and a copy sent to the Local Authority
Local Authority must accept or reject the notice within ten days (rejection only acceptable under Schedule 4)
Note that: if a building is occupied before issue of Final Certificate the initial notice ceases to have an effect
There is some grace…………………………………………….8 weeks for erection/extension/material alteration
……………………………………………………………………………4 weeks for same where Regulatory Reform Order (Fire Safety) 2005 applies
Once the initial notice ceases a Final Certificate cannot be issued and the Local Authority can revive its powers to enforce
Approved Inspectors have no power to enforce the Building Regulations but can issue written notices confirming contravention
There is three months to comply otherwise the Approved Inspector must cancel the initial notice……then it’s back to Local Authority
Building Regulations
Limitations on Options
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Disagreements and disputes
• Disputes occur between people carrying out building work and building control body
• Attempt should be made to reach agreement before procedure down a determination/appeal route
• 2 principal procedures
Determination
• Disagreement over compliance with one or more of the requirements of the Building Regulations
• Secretary of State resolves such matters
Key Points to consider
• Accepted that particular requirement of Building Regulations applies to project and proposals comply
• Full Plans (Local Authority) or Plans Certificate (Approved Inspector) options only
• Application usually made prior to commencement of work on site
• Local Authority – anytime after submission of application/issue of rejection notice
• Approved Inspector – anytime after refusal to issue a Plans Certificate
• Usually based on the decision not to follow Approved Documents (Guidance Only) but belief
that the proposals satisfy the Building Regulations
• Fee is payable (£100minimum/£1000 maximum based on 50% of Local Authority plans charge)
• Proceed quickly once disagreement with compliance confirmed/unresolved
• Consider carefully implications of proceeding with works as proposed prior to resolution of dispute
Building Regulations
Approval - Disagreements
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Appeals
• Requirements of Building Regulation considered inappropriate or too onerous
• Request to Local Authority for relaxation/dispensation of requirements
(Approved Inspector – needs discussion before proceeding)
• Need to specify relaxation or dispensation
• Right of Appeal to Secretary of State
Building Regulations
Approval - Disagreements
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014Notification needs to be given where Local Authority is Building Control Body
• Commencement: at least two days before the work is commenced
• Completion: not more than five days after the work is completed
And at set points in the construction process………..
• excavation for a foundation (before covering up)
• the foundation itself (before covering up)
• any damp proof course (before covering up)
• any concrete or material laid over a site (before covering up)
Non-compliant work will be identified and asked to be made compliant
(either during the course of the work or within one year of completion)
Enforcement – 28 days to make compliant
Enforcement Appeal – 70 days to make compliant
Liaise, Consult and Agree
Building Regulations
On-site approval, Notifications, Enforcement and Appeals
Building Regulations Part 1_dhw_2014You can also read
