Cairngorms National Park Local Development Plan 2020 Main Issues Report - Evidence Paper: Conservation

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Cairngorms National Park Local Development Plan 2020 Main Issues Report - Evidence Paper: Conservation
Cairngorms National Park
Local Development Plan 2020
Main Issues Report

Evidence Paper: Conservation
Cairngorms National Park Local Development Plan 2020 Main Issues Report - Evidence Paper: Conservation
CONTENTS                                     under Europe’s nature conservation
                                             legislation: the Habitats Directive and the
                                             Birds Directive; which together form the
1. Context                            1
                                             Natura 2000 network of Special Areas of
2. Baseline                           2      Conservation (SAC) and Special
3. Key issues / implications for      73     Protection Areas (SPA). The National
   the Local Development Plan                target is to bring 80% of designated sites
4. References                         74     into favourable condition by 2016.

                                             The priorities for action on biodiversity
                                             and nature conservation in the National
1. CONTEXT
                                             Park are set out in the Cairngorms Nature
The Cairngorms National Park is one of       Action Plan (CNAP) 2013-2018. The four
the best places in the country for nature.   aims of the CNAP are to:
This is where we find some of Scotland’s
wildest land, arctic-like mountain plateau      1. Improve the quality and
and Scotland’s most extensive seminatural          connectivity of woodlands and
pine forest, home to 80% of our                    wetlands for biodiversity
capercaillie population. Half of the            2. Implement priority actions for
National Park is designated as being of            other habitats (e.g. peatlands
European importance for nature through             restoration)
the Natura network and over a quarter of        3. Conserve and enhance key species
the UK’s rare and threatened species are           through focused conservation
found here.                                        action
                                                4. Encourage, support and provide
The National Park is of extremely high             opportunities for people to realise
importance for nature conservation.                the benefits from and help to look
Almost half of the Park is designated              after nature

                                                                  1
Cairngorms National Park Local Development Plan 2020 Main Issues Report - Evidence Paper: Conservation
2. BASELINE

  “Biodiversity – the variety of Life on Earth –
                                                   Protected Areas                                  protected sites, such as the RSPB reserve at
                                                                                                    Loch Garten.
  makes our planet habitable and beautiful.        Protected areas represent the very best of
  We depend on it for food, energy, raw            Scotland's landscapes, plants and animals,       National Nature Reserves
  materials, air and water that make life          rocks, fossils and landforms. Their              NNRs are statutory nature reserves
  possible and drive our economy. We look to       protection and management will help to           designed under Part III of the National
  the natural environment for equally              ensure that they remain in good health for       Parks and Access to the Countryside Act
  important things like aesthetic pleasure,        all to enjoy, both now and for future            1949. Most reserves have habitats and
  artistic inspiration and recreation.”            generations.                                     species that are nationally or internationally
                                                                                                    important so the wildlife is managed very
      European Commission Natura 2000.             The Cairngorms National Park is home to a        carefully. However, people are also
                                                   number of areas designated to meet the           encouraged to enjoy NNRs too and so
                                                   needs of international directives and            most have some form of visitor facilities
The Cairngorms National Park is a haven
                                                   treaties, national legislation and policies as   that are designed to ensure recreational
for nature and wildlife and is of great
                                                   well as more local needs and interests.          activities are not pursued without heed for
significance for Scotland and the UK. The
National Park covers less than two per cent                                                         the wildlife and habitat that exists there.
                                                   National Designations
of the UK landmass but is home to 25% of           National designations cover a range of           The Cairngorms National Park is home to
its rare animal, insect, lichen, fungi and         different types of protected area, including     11 NNRs 1 (Table 16 and Figure 1), which
insect species. Habitats are rich and varied       Natural Nature Reserves (NNR) and Sites          cover a combined area of around 513 km2.
and include the montane alpine plants high         of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), both of
on the Cairngorms plateaux, the sources of         which are located within the Cairngorms
renowned salmon rivers the Spey, Dee, Tay          National Park. The National Park is also
and South Esk and stands of trembling              home to a number of non-statutory
                                                                                                    1
                                                                                                     While the Cairngorms NNR, Dinnet Oakwood
Aspen in Strathspey which support rare                                                              NNR and Morrone Birkwood NNR are technically
                                                                                                    declared NNRs (see Table 12), they are under
insects and fungi.                                                                                  review and not managed or promoted as NNRs.
                                                                          2
The NNRs are run by a range of
organisations. For example, most of the
                                                                                                                                                                 North
Abernethy and Inch Marshes NNRs are also
managed as part of RSPB reserves.
Table 1 National Nature Reserves in the Cairngorms
National Park.

  Site                           Year        Area
       Name
 Code                            Est.        (ha)
  5013 Cairngorms                1954      25,963.63
  5020 Craigellachie             1960       257.46
       Dinnet
  5023                           1966          30.8
       Oakwood
  5032 Glen Tanar                1979       4,186.76
       Morrone
  5051                           1972        226.48
       Birkwood
       Muir of
  5054                           1977       1,166.17
       Dinnet
  8628 Insh Marshes              2003        695.18
  8670 Corrie Fee                2005        165.38
       Invereshie
 10097                           2007       3,730.86
       and Inshriach                                                                                                                                               Scale:
 10098 Glenmore                  2007       2,119.49                                                                                                           1:700,000
 10099 Abernethy                 2007      12,753.81   Figure 1 National Nature Reserves in the Cairngorms National Park.
                                                       Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2017. All rights
                                                       reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100040965 Cairngorms National Park Authority. © Scottish Natural Heritage.

                                                                                  3
Sites of Special Scientific Interest                               They are the essential building blocks of            Features in ‘Favourable’ condition.
Designated under the Nature Conservation                           Scotland's protected areas for nature                Features that are in ‘Unfavourable’
(Scotland) Act 2004, SSSIs are those areas                         conservation and therefore many are also             condition.
of land and water that SNH considers to                            designated as Natura 2000 sites.                     Features that have not been monitored to
best represent Scotland’s natural heritage -                                                                            date.
                                                                   A simple colour scheme has been used to
its diversity of plants, animals and habitats,
                                                                   highlight the condition of interests, the key
rocks and landforms, or a combinations of
                                                                   to which is provided:
such natural features (see Table 2, Figure
2 and Figure 4).
Table 2 Condition of Biological and Mixed SSSIs located within the Cairngorms National Park.

                                           Total Are in
Site                                                                                                               Summary                                    Visit
             Name                  Type    Area CNP                                     Interest                                      Pressures
Code                                                                                                               Condition                                  Date
                                           (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                                                 Basin fen                                         Favourable                            18/10/2014
                                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                 Beetle assemblage                                 Favourable         Over-grazing       17/11/2002
                                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                Abernethy Forest

                                                                 Breeding bird assemblage                          Favourable                            23/04/2013
                                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                 Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding         Favourable        Under-grazing       19/04/2014
   9                               Mixed   5793.46 5793.46                                                                       No negative pressures
                                                                 Crested tit (Lophophanes cristatus), breeding     Favourable                            03/05/1998
                                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                                                                                  Forestry operations,
                                                                 Dragonfly assemblage                              Favourable                            01/08/2013
                                                                                                                                         other
                                                                 Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland                 Favourable       Invasive species     06/04/2007
                                                                                                                                 Over-grazing, under-
                                                                 Fungi assemblage                                  Favourable                            01/10/2014
                                                                                                                                        grazing

                                                                                               4
Total Are in
Site                                                                                        Summary                                  Visit
        Name        Type      Area CNP                          Interest                                        Pressures
Code                                                                                        Condition                                Date
                              (ha)   (ha)
                                             Invertebrate assemblage                         Favourable         Trampling          01/08/2013
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                             Lichen assemblage                               Favourable                            25/06/2010
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                             Game/ fisheries
                                             Native pinewood                                 Favourable                            30/09/2008
                                                                                                               management
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                             Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding           Unfavourable                           14/06/2013
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                             Quaternary of Scotland                          Favourable                            03/05/2007
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                             Raised bog                                      Favourable                            12/08/2014
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                             Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding    Favourable                            28/03/2012
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                            Unfavourable
                                                                                             Recovering
                                             Subalpine dry heath                                           Burning, under-grazing 27/09/2004
                                                                                               Due to
                                                                                            Management
                                             Vascular plant assemblage                       Favourable    Maintenance activities 28/03/2007
        Aldclune
          and
 30              Biological   16.61   16.61 Lowland calcareous grassland                    Unfavourable      Under-grazing        22/08/2012
       Invervack
       Meadows
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
 44    Allt Mor Geological 40.68      40.68 Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland                Favourable                          27/04/2007
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
 53      Alvie    Biological 339.01 339.01 Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), breeding          Favourable                          15/05/2013
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                      5
Total Are in
Site                                                                           Summary                                    Visit
       Name        Type        Area CNP                         Interest                           Pressures
Code                                                                           Condition                                  Date
                               (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                               Hydromorphological mire range    Favourable                          13/07/2011
                                                                                                    identified
                                                                                               Forestry operations,
                                               Invertebrate assemblage          Favourable                          16/07/2013
                                                                                                  over-grazing
                                                                               Unfavourable
                                                                                Recovering
                                               Upland oak woodland                                 Over-grazing         20/07/2005
                                                                                 Due to
                                                                               Management
                                                                                                 Game/ fisheries
                                               Breeding bird assemblage         Favourable                              20/06/2013
                                                                                                   management
                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                               Bryophyte assemblage             Favourable                              17/08/2013
                                                                                                     identified
                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                               Caledonian Igneous               Favourable                              24/11/2010
                                                                                                     identified
       Beinn a'                                                                               No negative pressures
161                Mixed       8084.76 7763.08 Dalradian                        Favourable                              25/04/2002
        Ghlo                                                                                         identified
                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                               Upland assemblage                Favourable                              22/07/2010
                                                                                                     identified
                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                               Upland birch woodland            Favourable                              30/07/2004
                                                                                                     identified
                                               Vascular plant assemblage        Favourable    Agricultural operations
                                                                                                                    29/08/2002
                                                                               Unfavourable
        Blair
                                                                                Recovering
223     Atholl    Biological    0.55    0.55   Lowland calcareous grassland                 Agricultural operations 17/07/2007
                                                                                  Due to
       Meadow
                                                                               Management
235    Bochel     Biological 197.87 197.55 Upland birch woodland                Favourable  No negative pressures 19/06/2000
                                                                      6
Total Are in
Site                                                                                            Summary                                   Visit
       Name           Type      Area CNP                             Interest                                       Pressures
Code                                                                                            Condition                                 Date
                                (ha)   (ha)
       Wood                                                                                                          identified
                                                                                                                   Over-grazing,
                                                  Breeding bird assemblage                       Favourable                             01/07/2003
                                                                                                             recreation / disturbance
                                                  Bryophyte assemblage                           Favourable         Trampling           31/12/2005
                                                  Dystrophic loch                                Favourable        Over-grazing         02/07/2004
                                                                                                              No negative pressures
        Caenlochan

                                                  Invertebrate assemblage                        Favourable                             15/08/2011
                                                                                                                     identified
282                  Biological 4974.75 4974.75                                                               No negative pressures
                                                  Lichen assemblage                              Favourable                             03/10/2010
                                                                                                                     identified
                                                  Montane assemblage                            Unfavourable       Over-grazing         16/07/2006
                                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                                  Quaternary of Scotland                         Favourable                             26/07/2011
                                                                                                                     identified
                                                                                                               Over-grazing, to be
                                                  Vascular plant assemblage                     Unfavourable                            31/08/2009
                                                                                                                     identified
                                                                                                                   Over-grazing,
                                                  Breeding bird assemblage                       Favourable                             15/07/2006
                                                                                                             recreation / disturbance
                                                  Bryophyte assemblage                           Favourable       Natural event         18/08/2005
                                                                                                                   Over-grazing,
        Cairngorms

                                                  Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus), breeding     Favourable        recreation /         01/07/2011
288                   Mixed    29226.7 29226.7                                                                disturbance, trampling
                                                                                               Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                  Dystrophic and oligotrophic lochs                                                        N/A
                                                                                                   to date           identified
                                                  Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland              Favourable    Forestry operations      30/04/2003
                                                                                                                   Over-grazing,
                                                  Fungi assemblage                               Favourable                             20/10/2010
                                                                                                             recreation / disturbance
                                                                         7
Total Are in
Site                                                                                     Summary                                   Visit
        Name        Type     Area CNP                         Interest                                      Pressures
Code                                                                                     Condition                                 Date
                             (ha)   (ha)
                                            Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), breeding   Favourable   Recreation/disturbance     21/10/2007
                                                                                                      Agricultural operations,
                                            Invertebrate assemblage                      Favourable                              30/08/2013
                                                                                                               other
                                            Lichen assemblage                            Favourable        Over-grazing          19/08/2010
                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                            Mineralogy of Scotland                       Favourable                              30/08/2006
                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                      Unfavourable
                                                                                       Recovering   Over-grazing, under-
                                          Native pinewood                                                                        27/01/2009
                                                                                         Due to              grazing
                                                                                      Management
                                          Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta), breeding           Favourable Recreation/disturbance         17/07/2004
                                                                                                       Climate Change,
                                          Quaternary of Scotland                       Favourable                                07/08/2003
                                                                                                   recreation / disturbance
                                          Snow bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis),                          Recreation /
                                                                                       Favourable                                24/07/2004
                                          breeding                                                    disturbance, other
                                                                                     Not monitored No negative pressures
                                          Upland assemblage                                                                         N/A
                                                                                         to date           identified
                                          Vascular plant assemblage                    Favourable        Natural event           05/10/2006
                                          Alpine calcareous grassland                  Favourable        Over-grazing            20/08/2008
291    Cairnwell Biological 22.96 22.96
                                          Vascular plant assemblage                    Favourable        Over-grazing            20/07/2011
                                                                                                    No negative pressures
                                          Calaminarian grassland and serpentine heath Favourable                                 25/07/2012
       Coyles of                                                                                           identified
415              Biological 122.52 122.52
        Muick                                                                                       No negative pressures
                                          Subalpine flushes                            Favourable                                08/07/2008
                                                                                                           identified

                                                                     8
Total Are in
Site                                                                       Summary                                  Visit
       Name       Type     Area CNP                        Interest                            Pressures
Code                                                                       Condition                                Date
                           (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                          Vascular plant assemblage         Favourable                          25/07/2012
                                                                                               identified
                           Total Are in
Site                                                                       Summary
       Name       Type     Area CNP                        Interest                            Pressures          Visit Date
Code                                                                       Condition
                           (ha)   (ha)
                                                                           Unfavourable
                                                                            Recovering
                                          Bryophyte assemblage                               Under-grazing        24/07/2009
                                                                              Due to
                                                                           Management
                                          Native pinewood                   Favourable        Over-grazing        10/09/2009
                                          Subalpine calcareous grassland    Favourable      Invasive species      01/08/2006
       Craig                                                                              Forestry operations,
419              Biological 185.13 185.13 Upland assemblage                Unfavourable                           16/07/2012
       Leek                                                                                  under-grazing
                                                                           Unfavourable
                                                                            Recovering
                                          Upland birch woodland                               Over-grazing        14/07/2011
                                                                             Due to
                                                                           Management
                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                          Vascular plant assemblage         Favourable                            21/11/2013
                                                                                               identified
    Craigellac                          Moth assemblage                     Favourable           Other            13/08/2014
428            Biological 379.85 379.85
       hie                              Upland birch woodland               Favourable          Burning           23/07/2009
    Craigenda                                                                             No negative pressures
429            Biological 67.07 67.07 Upland oak woodland                   Favourable                            10/07/2013
      rroch                                                                                    identified

                                                                 9
Total Are in
Site                                                                                         Summary
        Name        Type     Area CNP                           Interest                                         Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                         Condition
                             (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                          Agricultural operations,
                                             Invertebrate assemblage                          Favourable                             05/08/2013
                                                                                                                over-grazing
                                                                                                          Burning, plant pests and
                                             Juniper scrub                                    Favourable                             18/09/2012
                                                                                                          diseases, under-grazing
       Crathie
452               Biological 193.34   29.06 Native pinewood                                   Favourable Plant pests and diseases    13/08/2009
       Wood
                                            Rocky slopes (includes inland cliff, rocky                    No negative pressures
                                                                                              Favourable                             18/09/2012
                                            outcrops, chasmophytic vegetation)                                    identified
                                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                             Upland birch woodland                            Favourable                             18/09/2012
                                                                                                                  identified
                                                                                            Not monitored No negative pressures
                                             Bryophyte assemblage                                                                       N/A
                                                                                                to date           identified
                                                                                                            Over-grazing, under-
                                             Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding       Unfavourable                            31/03/2011
                                                                                                                   grazing
                                         Elm Gyalecta lichen (Gyalecta ulmi)                  Favourable      Invasive species       11/02/2003
       Creag
     Clunie and                                                                             Not monitored No negative pressures
1697            Biological 251.94 251.94 Lichen assemblage                                      to date           identified
                                                                                                                                        N/A
     the Lion's
        Face                                                                                 Unfavourable
                                                                                              Recovering   Invasive species, over-
                                         Native pinewood                                                                             08/08/2011
                                                                                                Due to             grazing
                                                                                             Management
                                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                             Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding     Favourable                             01/03/2015
                                                                                                                  identified
        Creag
455             Biological 1052.31 1052.31 Upland birch woodland                             Unfavourable       Over-grazing         03/07/2009
        Dhubh
        Creag                                                                                                   Over-grazing,
457             Biological 7033.13 507.19 Breeding bird assemblage                            Favourable                             26/06/2013
       Meagaidh                                                                                                 recreation /
                                                                10
Total Are in
Site                                                                                                    Summary
        Name                    Type        Area CNP                         Interest                                     Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                                    Condition
                                            (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                     disturbance, trampling
                                                           Rocky slopes (includes inland cliff, rocky
                                                                                                        Favourable       Natural event        30/09/2005
                                                           outcrops, chasmophytic vegetation)
                                                           Upland assemblage                            Favourable        Trampling        30/09/2005
                                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                                           Upland birch woodland                        Favourable                         10/09/2015
                                                                                                                          identified
                                                           Vascular plant assemblage                    Favourable      Natural event      04/09/2011
                                                           Broad-leaved helleborine (Epipactis
                                                                                                        Favourable   Maintenance activities 28/08/2012
                                                           helleborine)
          Creag nan Gamhainn

                                                           Lowland calcareous grassland                 Favourable     Invasive species       28/08/2012
                                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                                           Lowland neutral grassland                    Favourable                            14/07/2008
                                                                                                                           identified
460                            Biological   15.75    6.2
                                                           Northern brown argus (Aricia artaxerxes)     Favourable   Maintenance activities   14/07/2008
                                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                                           Springs (including flushes)                  Favourable                            21/07/2011
                                                                                                                           identified
                                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                                           Upland birch woodland                        Favourable                            16/07/2002
                                                                                                                           identified
       Dalnabo
490            Geological                   0.28    0.28   Mineralogy of Scotland                       Favourable       Natural event        18/10/2007
       Quarry
                                                                                                                       Invasive species, no
        Dinnet
514            Biological                   19.73   19.73 Upland oak woodland                           Favourable   proactive management, 12/07/2002
       Oakwood
                                                                                                                           over-grazing

                                                                                   11
Total Are in
Site                                                                                           Summary
       Name                   Type      Area CNP                             Interest                              Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                           Condition
                                        (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                 Over-grazing,
                                                          Breeding bird assemblage              Favourable                             25/04/2003
        Drumochter Hills
                                                                                                            recreation / disturbance
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                          Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland     Favourable                             11/10/2011
                                                                                                                   identified
541                          Biological 9688.13 7625.11
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                          Montane assemblage                    Favourable                             31/07/2006
                                                                                                                   identified
                                                                                                             Burning, over-grazing,
                                                          Vascular plant assemblage            Unfavourable                            15/08/2003
                                                                                                              water management
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                          Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)     Favourable                             18/07/2008
                                                                                                                   identified
                                                                                                            Burning, game/ fisheries
                                                          Breeding bird assemblage              Favourable                             14/06/2013
                                                                                                                 management
                                                          Bryophyte assemblage                 Unfavourable      Air pollution         31/07/2010
        Eastern Cairngorms

                                                                                                                Game/ fisheries
                                                          Dystrophic and oligotrophic lochs     Favourable                             21/06/2010
                                                                                                                 management
                                                          Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland     Favourable    Water management         15/01/2003
593                           Mixed    16503.4 16503.4                                        Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                          Fungi assemblage                                                                N/A
                                                                                                  to date          identified
                                                          Invertebrate assemblage               Favourable    Forestry operations      04/07/2013
                                                                                              Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                          Lichen assemblage                                                               N/A
                                                                                                  to date          identified
                                                                                               Unfavourable
                                                                                                Recovering    Natural event, over-
                                                          Native pinewood                                                              01/04/2008
                                                                                                  Due to             grazing
                                                                                               Management

                                                                                  12
Total Are in
Site                                                                                        Summary
        Name        Type      Area CNP                          Interest                                        Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                        Condition
                              (ha)   (ha)
                                              Quaternary of Scotland                         Favourable Recreation/disturbance      07/08/2003
                                                                                           Not monitored No negative pressures
                                              Upland assemblage                                                                        N/A
                                                                                               to date          identified
                                                                                                          Burning, over-grazing,
                                              Vascular plant assemblage                      Favourable                             31/08/2010
                                                                                                         recreation / disturbance
                                                                                                              Over-grazing,
                                              Breeding bird assemblage                       Favourable                             30/04/2003
                                                                                                         recreation / disturbance
1696   Fafernie    Biological 252.44 252.44
                                                                                                           Burning, recreation /
                                              Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus), breeding     Favourable                             31/05/1999
                                                                                                               disturbance
                                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                              Lowland acid grassland                         Favourable                             14/07/2008
    Fodderlett                                                                                                  identified
646            Biological      3.08    1.19
       er                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                              Springs (including flushes)                    Favourable                             25/06/2013
                                                                                                                identified
                                                                                                          Burning, natural event,
                                              Black grouse (Tetrao tetrix), breeding         Favourable                             14/05/2009
                                                                                                              over-grazing
                                              Breeding bird assemblage                       Favourable    Water management         29/05/2009
       Forest of                                                                                          Burning, natural event,
1709               Biological 19476.6 233.8 Hen harrier (Circus cyaneus), breeding          Unfavourable                            29/05/2009
        Clunie                                                                                                over-grazing
                                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                              Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding           Favourable                             01/08/2010
                                                                                                                identified
                                              Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus), breeding     Unfavourable         Burning            29/05/2009
                                              Alpine flush                                   Favourable       Over-grazing          22/06/2011
        Garbh                                                                               Unfavourable
670                Biological 229.32 229.32
        Choire                                Bryophyte assemblage                           Recovering       Over-grazing          27/10/2004
                                                                                               Due to

                                                                     13
Total Are in
Site                                                                                      Summary
        Name        Type     Area CNP                          Interest                                      Pressures         Visit Date
Code                                                                                      Condition
                             (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                          Management
                                                                                         Not monitored
                                            Snowbed                                                         Over-grazing          N/A
                                                                                            to date
                                                                                          Unfavourable
                                                                                           Recovering
                                            Spring-head, rill and flush                                     Over-grazing       10/07/2006
                                                                                            Due to
                                                                                          Management
                                                                                                         Natural event, Over-
                                            Upland assemblage                            Unfavourable                         03/08/2012
                                                                                                          grazing, Trampling
                                                                                         Unfavourable
                                                                                          Recovering
                                            Vascular plant assemblage                                       Over-grazing       16/07/2005
                                                                                           Due to
                                                                                         Management
         Glas
693    Tulaichea Biological 456.43 456.43 Vascular plant assemblage                        Favourable       Natural event      13/07/2010
           n
                                                                                         Not monitored No negative pressures
                                            Alpine blue-sow-thistle (Cicerbita alpina)                                            N/A
                                                                                             to date        identified
                                                                                                       No negative pressures
                                            Alpine heath                                   Favourable                          30/07/2015
                                                                                                            identified
        Glen                                                                                              Natural event,
702               Biological 1513.01 1513.01 Blanket bog                                  Unfavourable                         30/07/2015
       Callater                                                                                             trampling
                                                                                                         Game/ fisheries
                                            Breeding bird assemblage                       Favourable                          21/06/2013
                                                                                                           management
                                                                                                       No negative pressures
                                            Bryophyte assemblage                           Favourable                          30/10/2010
                                                                                                            identified
                                                                    14
Total Are in
Site                                                                        Summary
        Name      Type      Area CNP                            Interest                       Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                        Condition
                            (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                            Mineralogy of Scotland           Favourable                            10/07/2013
                                                                                               identified
                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                            Oligotrophic loch                Favourable                            09/07/2009
                                                                                               identified
                                            Spring-head, rill and flush      Favourable Over-grazing, trampling    05/09/2001
                                            Tall herb ledge                  Favourable      Under-grazing         30/07/2015
                                                                           Not monitored No negative pressures
                                            Upland assemblage                                                         N/A
                                                                               to date         identified
                                                                                          Natural event, over-
                                            Vascular plant assemblage       Unfavourable                           04/08/2006
                                                                                                grazing
                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                            Dalradian                        Favourable                            31/07/2012
                                                                                               identified
       Glen Ey
705               Mixed     41.24   41.24 Subalpine dry heath                Favourable      Over-grazing          24/05/2013
       Gorge
                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                            Tall herb ledge                  Favourable                            31/07/2012
                                                                                               identified
                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                            Lowland calcareous grassland     Favourable                            02/08/2002
                                                                                               identified
                                                                            Unfavourable
                                                                             Recovering Agricultural operations,
         Glen                               Lowland dry heath                                                      02/06/2014
                                                                               Due to         over-grazing
708     Fender Biological   96.15   96.15
                                                                            Management
       Meadows
                                                                            Unfavourable
                                                                             Recovering
                                            Springs (including flushes)                      Under-grazing         02/09/2004
                                                                               Due to
                                                                            Management

                                                                    15
Total Are in
Site                                                                                                       Summary
        Name                  Type       Area CNP                             Interest                                         Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                                       Condition
                                         (ha)   (ha)
                                                           Vascular plant assemblage                        Favourable       Over-grazing          09/08/2014
        Glen                                                                                                            No negative pressures
710                         Geological 28.59       0       Dalradian                                        Favourable                             29/01/2001
        Garry                                                                                                                  identified
                                                                                                                        No negative pressures
                                                           Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding       Unfavourable                            30/04/2014
                                                                                                                               identified
                                                                                                                        No negative pressures
                                                           Fungi assemblage                                 Favourable                             26/10/2009
                                                                                                                               identified
                                                                                                                         Forestry operations,
        Glen                                               Invertebrate assemblage                          Favourable                             26/06/2013
724                          Mixed       4180.09 4142.25                                                                    under-grazing
        Tanar
                                                           Native pinewood                                  Favourable     Invasive species        08/04/2010
                                                                                                                        No negative pressures
                                                           Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding     Favourable                             23/03/2012
                                                                                                                               identified
                                                                                                                        No negative pressures
                                                           Subalpine dry heath                              Favourable                             17/11/2009
                                                                                                                               identified
       Glen Tilt                                                                                                        No negative pressures
726                         Biological    15.02    9.4     Upland mixed ash woodland                        Favourable                             15/08/2000
       Woods                                                                                                                   identified
                                                                                                                          Proactive on-site
                                                           Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding        Favourable                             30/04/2009
                                                                                                                             management
          Glenmore Forest

                                                                                                                        Conservation activities,
                                                                                                                             Inter-specific
                                                           Narrow-headed ant (Formica exsecta)              Favourable                             30/08/2013
                                                                                                                           competition, No
1665                        Biological 1440.38 1440.38
                                                                                                                        proactive management
                                                                                                                           Game/ fisheries
                                                           Native pinewood                                  Favourable                             16/06/2008
                                                                                                                             management
                                                                                                          Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                           Quaternary of Scotland                                                                     N/A
                                                                                                              to date          identified
                                                                                   16
Total Are in
Site                                                                                         Summary
        Name         Type     Area CNP                           Interest                                      Pressures        Visit Date
Code                                                                                         Condition
                              (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                        Not monitored No negative pressures
                                              Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding                                      7/03/2012
                                                                                           to date           identified
                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                             Vascular plant assemblage                   Favourable                             23/07/2007
                                                                                                             identified
                                             Calaminarian grassland and serpentine heath Favourable       Over-grazing          02/08/2002
       Green Hill

       Strathdon

                                             Moorland juniper                            Favourable           Burning           29/07/2011
742                 Biological 640.77 640.77 Subalpine dry heath
           of

                                                                                         Favourable    Burning, over-grazing    15/08/2008
                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                             Subalpine flushes                           Favourable                             29/07/2011
                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                             Mountain whorl snail (Vertigo alpestris)    Favourable                             17/07/2013
                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                        Not monitored No negative pressures
                                             Northern brown argus (Aricia artaxerxes)                                              N/A
                                                                                           to date           identified
                                                                                                      No negative pressures
807    Inchrory      Mixed 1089.93 1089.93 Quaternary of Scotland                        Favourable                             31/10/1999
                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                        Not monitored Burning, over-grazing,
                                             Upland assemblage                                                                     N/A
                                                                                           to date   trampling, under-grazing
                                                                                                      Burning, over-grazing,
                                             Vascular plant assemblage                   Favourable                             09/06/2008
                                                                                                            trampling
    Kinlochlag
       gan                                                                                                No negative pressures
858            Geological 6.13     6.13 Dalradian                                            Favourable                         08/01/2014
     Boulder                                                                                                   identified
       Beds
    Kinveachy                                                                                             No negative pressures
864            Biological 5325.7 3728.87 Breeding bird assemblage                            Favourable                         08/06/2007
      Forest                                                                                                   identified

                                                                      17
Total Are in
Site                                                                          Summary
        Name        Type       Area CNP                            Interest                       Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                          Condition
                               (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                               Native pinewood                 Favourable                             24/06/2008
                                                                                                  identified
                                                                                               Game/ fisheries
                                               Alpine heath                    Favourable                             04/07/2013
                                                                                                management
                                                                                           Agricultural operations,
                                               Blanket bog                     Favourable                             03/09/1999
                                                                                                   burning
        Ladder                                                                              No negative pressures
887               Biological 4357.94 4357.94 Mineralogy of Scotland            Favourable                             31/03/2006
         Hills                                                                                    identified
                                                                                            Burning, over-grazing,
                                               Subalpine dry heath            Unfavourable                            09/04/2007
                                                                                           recreation / disturbance
                                                                                           Agricultural operations,
                                               Upland assemblage              Unfavourable                            04/07/2013
                                                                                                   burning
                                                                                                Recreation /
                                               Bryophyte assemblage            Favourable                             31/10/2010
         Loch                                                                                    disturbance
968               Biological   98.98   98.98
        Brandy                                                                                  Recreation /
                                               Oligotrophic loch               Favourable                             01/07/2004
                                                                                                 disturbance
                                                                                           Agricultural operations,
         Loch
981              Geological 114.94 114.94 Quaternary of Scotland               Favourable extraction, recreation /    28/03/2000
       Etteridge
                                                                                                 disturbance
                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                               Mesotrophic loch                Favourable                             01/07/2010
                                                                                                  identified
         Loch                                                                               No negative pressures
1014              Biological   33.46   33.46 Springs (including flushes)       Favourable                             23/07/2008
        Moraig                                                                                    identified
                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                               Vascular plant assemblage       Favourable                             29/07/2010
                                                                                                  identified
1065 Loch Vaa Biological       44.6    44.6    Beetles                         Favourable   No negative pressures     12/07/2010
                                                                       18
Total Are in
Site                                                                                               Summary
       Name             Type      Area CNP                            Interest                                         Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                               Condition
                                  (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                        identified
                                                    Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula), breeding       Unfavourable Recreation/disturbance     30/06/2007
                                                                                                                    Game/ fisheries
                                                                                                                  management, natural
                                                    Slavonian grebe (Podiceps auritus), breeding   Unfavourable                            30/06/2007
                                                                                                                   event, recreation /
                                                                                                                      disturbance
                                                                                                                  Over-grazing, under-
                                                    Upland birch woodland                           Favourable                             20/08/2010
       Lower                                                                                                             grazing
1108 Strathabo Biological 293.47            0       Upland oak woodland                             Favourable       Over-grazing          29/08/2002
     n Woods                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                                    Wet woodland                                    Favourable                             29/08/2002
                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                                    Black mountain moth (Glacies coracina)          Favourable                             26/06/2014
                                                                                                                       identified
         Monadhliath

                                                    Blanket bog                                    Unfavourable        Trampling           03/11/2004
                                                    Breeding bird assemblage                        Favourable       Over-grazing          19/06/2008
1180                   Biological 10671.1 7120.93
                                                                                                                     Over-grazing,
                                                    Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus), breeding     Unfavourable                            01/07/2011
                                                                                                                recreation / disturbance
                                                    Upland assemblage                               Favourable       Over-grazing          03/11/2004
                                                    Vascular plant assemblage                       Favourable       Over-grazing          06/08/2015
                                                    Alpine heath                                    Favourable       Over-grazing          03/06/2014
        Birkwood
        Morrone

                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
1190                   Biological 328.34 328.34 Basin fen                                           Favourable
                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                                                                                           02/08/2013
                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                                    Bryophyte assemblage                            Favourable                             06/09/2013
                                                                                                                       identified

                                                                           19
Total Are in
Site                                                                              Summary
       Name   Type   Area CNP                           Interest                                      Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                              Condition
                     (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                    Fungi assemblage                               Favourable                          18/10/2012
                                                                                                      identified
                                    Invertebrate assemblage                        Favourable       Under-grazing      25/06/2013
                                                                                  Unfavourable
                                                                                   Recovering
                                    Juniper scrub                                                    Over-grazing         11/10/2009
                                                                                     Due to
                                                                                  Management
                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                    Quaternary of Scotland                         Favourable                             04/06/2014
                                                                                                      identified
                                    Rocky slopes (includes inland cliff, rocky   Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                                                                                             N/A
                                    outcrops, chasmophytic vegetation)               to date          identified
                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                    Spring-head, rill and flush                    Favourable                             03/06/2014
                                                                                                      identified
                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                    Subalpine calcareous grassland                 Favourable                             03/06/2014
                                                                                                      identified
                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                    Subalpine flushes                              Favourable                             03/06/2014
                                                                                                      identified
                                                                                  Unfavourable
                                                                                   Recovering
                                    Upland birch woodland                                           Over-grazing          12/11/2009
                                                                                     Due to
                                                                                  Management
                                                                                                    Over-grazing,
                                    Vascular plant assemblage                      Favourable                             03/08/2005
                                                                                               recreation / disturbance

                                                            20
Total Are in
Site                                                                                                        Summary
       Name                        Type      Area CNP                             Interest                                     Pressures          Visit Date
Code                                                                                                        Condition
                                             (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                                               Alpine heath                                  Favourable                           16/08/2000
                                                                                                                                 identified
                                                                                                                         No negative pressures
         Morven and Mullachdubh

                                                               Blanket bog                                   Favourable                           11/11/2012
                                                                                                                                 identified
                                                                                                                             Burning, game /
                                                               Breeding bird assemblage                      Favourable  fisheries management,    13/07/2013
                                                                                                                              wildlife crime
1194                              Biological 2508.35 2345.72
                                                                                                                           Over-grazing, plant
                                                               Moorland juniper                              Favourable     pests and diseases,   04/09/2008
                                                                                                                              under-grazing
                                                                                                           Not monitored No negative pressures
                                                               Upland assemblage                                                                     N/A
                                                                                                               to date           identified
                                                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                                               Vascular plant assemblage                     Favourable                           04/08/2015
                                                                                                                                 identified
                                                                                                            Unfavourable
                                                                                                             Recovering       No proactive
                                                               Breeding bird assemblage                                                           31/08/2004
                                                                                                               Due to          management
                                                                                                            Management
                                                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                                               Dragonfly assemblage                          Favourable                           31/10/2012
       Muir of                                                                                                                   identified
1212                               Mixed    2308.59 15.54                                                                No negative pressures
       Dinnet                                                  Greylag goose (Anser anser), non-breeding    Unfavourable                          10/12/2012
                                                                                                                                 identified
                                                               Hydromorphological mire range                 Favourable      Invasive species        N/A
                                                                                                                         No negative pressures
                                                               Invertebrate assemblage                       Favourable                           31/10/2012
                                                                                                                                 identified
                                                               Lowland dry heath                             Favourable       No proactive        30/07/2013
                                                                                      21
Total Are in
Site                                                                                                             Summary
       Name                            Type    Area CNP                             Interest                                          Pressures            Visit Date
Code                                                                                                             Condition
                                               (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                                     management
                                                                 Lowland wet heath                               Unfavourable          Over-grazing        24/07/2015
                                                                                                                                 Invasive species, water
                                                                 Oligo-mesotrophic loch                           Favourable                               25/06/2004
                                                                                                                                           quality
                                                                 Quaternary of Scotland                           Favourable       Forestry operations     30/06/2000
                                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                                                 Breeding bird assemblage                         Favourable                               17/06/2014
                                                                                                                                         identified
                                                                                                                                    Proactive on-site
                                                                 Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding        Favourable                               30/04/2010
                                                                                                                                       management
        North Rothiemurchus Pinewood

                                                                                                                                 No negative pressures
                                                                 Crested tit (Lophophanes cristatus), breeding    Favourable                               17/03/2005
                                                                                                                                         identified
                                                                                                                                  Forestry operations,
                                                                                                                                over-grazing, recreation
                                                                 Fungi assemblage                                 Favourable                               02/10/2014
                                                                                                                                  / disturbance, under-
                                                                                                                                          grazing
1241                                   Mixed   1509.75 1509.75                                                                   No negative pressures
                                                                 Invertebrate assemblage                          Favourable                               20/08/2013
                                                                                                                                         identified
                                                                 Lichen assemblage                                Favourable           Over-grazing        21/08/2010
                                                                 Native pinewood                                  Favourable         Invasive species      22/05/2008
                                                                                                                 Unfavourable
                                                                                                                  Recovering
                                                                 Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding                                   Other              20/06/2010
                                                                                                                    Due to
                                                                                                                 Management
                                                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                                                 Quaternary of Scotland                           Favourable                          11/06/2003
                                                                                                                                     identified
                                                                                        22
Total Are in
Site                                                                                                   Summary
        Name                   Type    Area CNP                            Interest                                        Pressures            Visit Date
Code                                                                                                   Condition
                                       (ha)   (ha)
                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                                        Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding    Favourable                              12/02/2012
                                                                                                                             identified
                                                        Vascular plant assemblage                       Favourable        Under-grazing         23/07/2010
                                                                                                                           Recreation /
                                                        Breeding bird assemblage                        Favourable                              11/07/2013
                                                                                                                        disturbance, other
         Northern Corries,

                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                                        Quaternary of Scotland                          Favourable                              26/06/2003
           Cairngorms

                                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
1243                          Mixed    1966.37 1966.37 Scrub                                            Favourable                              28/07/2008
                                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                                        Upland assemblage                               Favourable                              03/04/2007
                                                                                                                             identified
                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
                                                        Vascular plant assemblage                       Favourable                              05/10/2006
                                                                                                                             identified
       Pass of                                                                                                        No negative pressures
                                                        Fly assemblage                                  Favourable                              03/08/2010
1274 Killiecrank Biological             62.24   5.55                                                                         identified
           ie                                           Upland oak woodland                            Unfavourable      Invasive species       28/09/2006
                                                                                                                      No negative pressures
1335 Red Craig Geological 105.43 105.43 Caledonian Igneous                                              Favourable                              20/07/2001
                                                                                                                             identified
        River                                           Fluvial Geomorphology of Scotland               Favourable    Flood defence works       27/04/2007
1361                         Geological 598.82 598.82
        Feshie                                          Quaternary of Scotland                          Favourable    Flood defence works       28/07/2011
                                                        Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)                   Favourable       Invasive species       20/10/2004
                                                                                                                         Invasive species,
1699 River Spey               Mixed    1958.79 346.3 Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera                            extraction, invasive
                                                                                                       Unfavourable                             30/09/2014
                                                     margaritifera)                                                   species, water quality,
                                                                                                                           wildlife crime
                                                                                23
Total Are in
Site                                                                                   Summary
        Name        Type        Area CNP                          Interest                                 Pressures           Visit Date
Code                                                                                   Condition
                                (ha)   (ha)
                                               Otter (Lutra lutra)                      Favourable        Over-grazing         08/09/2004
                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                               Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)         Favourable                             07/11/2011
                                                                                                            identified
                                                                                                         Game/ fisheries
                                               Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)        Favourable                             17/07/2008
                                                                                                          management
                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                               Breeding bird assemblage                 Favourable                             31/07/2001
                                                                                                            identified
                                                                                                        Trampling, water
                                               Flood-plain fen                          Favourable                             20/07/2011
                                                                                                          management
                                           Invertebrate assemblage                      Favourable        Over-grazing         20/08/2013
     River Spey
                                                                                                        Invasive species,
1364    - Insh  Biological 1158.77 1158.77 Mesotrophic loch                             Favourable                             30/07/2010
                                                                                                    recreation / disturbance
      Marshes
                                                                                                          Recreation /
                                           Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding         Favourable                             07/09/2009
                                                                                                           disturbance
                                               Otter (Lutra lutra)                      Favourable        Over-grazing         08/09/2004
                                                                                                     Invasive species, over-
                                               Vascular plant assemblage                Favourable                             09/07/2007
                                                                                                              grazing
                                               Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus), non-                         Recreation /
                                                                                        Favourable                             28/03/2010
                                               breeding                                                    disturbance
                                                                                                     No negative pressures
                                               Beetles                                  Favourable                             28/06/2013
                                                                                                            identified
        Struan                                                                                       No negative pressures
1504               Biological   82.82   0      Rannoch roller moth (Ancylis tineana)    Favourable                             03/08/2012
        Wood                                                                                                identified
                                               Upland birch woodland                   Unfavourable       Over-grazing         20/06/2013

                                                                       24
There are 59 SSSIs within or overlapping
                                                                 6%
the National Park. Of these, 50 have                      10%
                                                                                          Favourable                                                                       North
biological notifiable features, covering an
                                                         7%                               Unfavourable Recovering Due to Management
area of around 1,120 km2 (or 25% of the
                                                                                          Unfavourable
National Park’s area). Of these, 28 have at
                                                                                          Not assessed
least one notifiable interest that is in
                                                                              77%
unfavourable condition. 5 SSSIs, namely
Aldclune and Invervack Meadows, Blair                    Figure 3 Summary condition
                                                         of interests of SSSI.
Atholl Meadow, Craigendarroch, Creag
Dhubh and Garbh Choire, have no interests
in favourable condition.

                                       448.9

               670.7

                                                                 Biological SSSI

                                         9.3                     Geological SSSI                                                                                             Scale:
                                                                 Mixed SSSI                                                                                              1:700,000

            Biological      Geological         Mixed     Figure 4 Sites of Special Scientific Interest by type within and overlapping the Cairngorms National Park Authority.
                                                         Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2017. All rights
Figure 2 Area (km2) covered by the three types of SSSI   reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100040965 Cairngorms National Park Authority. © Scottish Natural Heritage.
within the Cairngorms National Park.

                                                                                     25
Birds                                                                                  Number of pressures
                             11%                                                                                                            0       20      40    60      80         100   120
                                                   18%              Earth sciences
                 4%                                                 Fish                                         Agricultural operations
                                                                                                                            Air pollution
                                                                    Freshwater habitats
                                                                                                                                  Burning
 10%                                                                Invertebrates                                       Climate Change
                                                                    Lowland grassland                            Conservation activities
                                                              11%                                                             Extraction
                                                                    Lowland heath
                                                                                                                           Flood defence
                                                                    Mammals (except marine)                         Forestry operations
                                                              1%    Non-vascular plants                     Game/fisheries management
                                                             3%                                               Inter-specific competition
     19%                                                            Upland habitat
                                                                                                                         Invasive species
                                                                    Vascular plants                               Maintenance activities
                                                       10%
                                                                    Wetlands                                               Natural event
                                   9%             2%                                                         No proactive management
                                        1%   1%                     Woodland
                                                                                                                            Over-grazing
Figure 5 Category of interests of SSSIs within the Cairngorms National Park.                                    Plant pests and diseases
                                                                                                          Proactive on-site management
                        40
                                                                                                                 Recreation/disturbance
                        35
   Number of features

                                                                                                                               Trampling
                        30
                        25                                                                                                 Under-grazing
      assessed

                        20                                                                                          Water management
                        15                                                                                                 Water quality
                        10                                                                                                 Wildlife crime
                         5                                                                                                         Other
                         0                                                                                              To be identified
                                                                                                         No negative pressures identified

                                                                                                     Figure 7 Pressures on interests of SSSIs within the Cairngorms National Park.
Figure 6 Year of latest assessed visit of interests of SSSIs within the Cairngorms National Park.
                                                                                                    26
International Designations                     (excluding birds). Of the UK’s 78 Annex I         Cairngorms National Park. Sites are listed
                                               habitat types (of which 26 are marine and         with their qualifying features, the latest
Natura 2000 Network                            coastal and therefore not relevant to the         assessment of their respective conditions
Nearly half of the Cairngorms National         National Park), 33 occur in the National          and when the assessments took place aned
Park is designated within the Natura 2000      Park. Of the UK’s 33 Annex II species (of         the key pressures affecting the features.
network, sites which are considered the        which 4 are marine and coastal and
best for wildlife in Europe.                   therefore not relevant to the National            A simple colour scheme has been used to
                                                                                                 highlight the condition of qualifying features,
There are two types of Natura 2000 site        Park), 10 are native to, and normally
                                               resident in, the National Park.                   the key to which is provided below:
within the National Park, namely Special
Areas of Conservation (SAC) and Special        SPAs are strictly protected sites classified in   Features in ‘Favourable’ condition.
Protection Areas (SPA).                        accordance with Article 4 of the EC Birds         Features that are in ‘Unfavourable’
                                               Directive. They are classified for rare and       condition.
SACs are strictly protected sites designated
                                               vulnerable birds (as listed on Annex I of the     Features that have not been monitored to
under the EC Habitats Directive. Article 3
                                               Directive), and for regularly occurring           date.
of the Directive requires the establishment
of a European network of important high-       migratory species. 35 of these Annex I
quality conservation sites that will make a    species can be found within the Cairngorms
significant contribution to conserving the     National Park, with SPAs designated to
189 habitat types and 788 species identified   protect populations of 15 of them.
in Annexes I and II of the Directive (as       Table 3 and Special Protection Area
amended). The listed habitat types and
species are those considered to be most in     Table 4 provide information on SACs and
need of conservation at a European level       SPAs both within and overlapping the

                                                                     27
Special Areas of Conservation
Table 3 Special Areas of Conservation within the Cairngorms National Park.

                                              Total     Are in
                                                                                                               Summary                                  Visit
 Site Code             Name                   Area      CNP                  Qualifying Feature                                    Pressures
                                                                                                               Condition                                Date
                                              (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                                                Trampling, over-
                                                                    Base-rich fens                             Unfavourable                           22/07/2010
                                                                                                                                    grazing.
                                                                    Dry grasslands and scrublands on chalk                    No negative pressures
                                                                                                                Favourable                            22/07/2010
                                                                    or limestone                                                   identified
                                                                    High-altitude plant communities                           No negative pressures
                                                                                                                Favourable                            22/07/2010
                                                                    associated with areas of water seepage                         identified
                                                                    Species-rich grassland with mat-grass in                  No negative pressures
                                                                                                                Favourable                            22/07/2010
                                                                    upland areas                                                   identified
                          Beinn a’ Ghlo SAC

                                                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                                                    Plants in crevices on acid rocks            Favourable                            22/07/2010
                                                                                                                                   identified
      UK0012957

                                                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                                                    Alpine and subalpine heaths                 Favourable                            22/07/2010
                                              8084.76   7762.25                                                                    identified
                                                                    Blanket bog                                 Favourable          Burning           22/07/2010
                                                                                                               Unfavourable
                                                                                                                Recovering
                                                                    Montane acid grasslands                                       Over-grazing        19/08/2004
                                                                                                                  Due to
                                                                                                               Management
                                                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                                                    Plants in crevices on base-rich rocks       Favourable                          19/08/2004
                                                                                                                                   identified
                                                                                                               Unfavourable
                                                                                                                Recovering
                                                                    Dry heaths                                                Burning, over-grazing. 19/08/2004
                                                                                                                 Due to
                                                                                                               Management

                                                                                       28
Total     Are in
                                                                                                Summary                                   Visit
Site Code        Name               Area      CNP                Qualifying Feature                                 Pressures
                                                                                                Condition                                 Date
                                    (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                               No negative pressures
                                                        Acidic scree                             Favourable                             19/08/2004
                                                                                                                     identified
                                                        Hard-water springs depositing lime      Unfavourable   Burning, over-grazing.   19/08/2004
                                                        Geyer's whorl snail (Vertigo geyeri)                   No negative pressures    22/07/2010
                                                                                                 Favourable
                                                                                                                     identified
                                                        Round-mouthed whorl snail (Vertigo                     No negative pressures    22/07/2010
                                                                                                 Favourable
                                                        genesii)                                                     identified
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                                                                                 Recovering
                                                        Bog woodland                                               Over-grazing         02/08/2011
                                                                                                  Due to
                                                                                                Management
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                                                                                 Recovering
                                                        Caledonian forest                                          Over-grazing         08/08/2011
                                                                                                  Due to
                  Ballochbuie SAC
   UK003002781

                                                                                                Management
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                    1881.73   1881.73                                            Recovering
                                                        Blanket bog                                                   Burning           05/05/2006
                                                                                                  Due to
                                                                                                Management
                                                                                                               No negative pressures
                                                        Plants in crevices on acid rocks         Favourable                          01/11/2006
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                                                                                 Recovering
                                                        Dry heaths                                                    Burning           01/11/2006
                                                                                                  Due to
                                                                                                Management
                                                        Wet heathland with cross-leaved heath   Unfavourable          Burning           01/11/2006

                                                                            29
Total     Are in
                                                                                              Summary                                     Visit
Site Code      Name              Area      CNP                 Qualifying Feature                                  Pressures
                                                                                              Condition                                   Date
                                 (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                              Recovering
                                                                                                Due to
                                                                                              Management
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                     Plants in crevices on base-rich rocks     Favourable                               23/11/2004
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Otter (Lutra lutra)                                     No negative pressures      12/11/2011
                                                                                               Favourable
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                                                                              Climate change, over-
                                                     Mountain willow scrub                    Unfavourable   grazing, plant pests and   23/08/2012
                                                                                                                     diseases
                                                     Acidic scree                             Unfavourable        Over-grazing          30/08/2012
                                                                                                              Climate change, over-
                                                     Montane acid grasslands                  Unfavourable                              18/09/2012
                                                                                                                      grazing
                                                     High-altitude plant communities                         No negative pressures
                Caenlochan SAC

                                                                                               Favourable                               18/09/2012
                                                     associated with areas of water seepage                         identified
   UK0012821

                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                     Tall herb communities                     Favourable                               18/09/2012
                                 5975.28   5975.28                                                                  identified
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                     Plants in crevices on base-rich rocks     Favourable                               18/09/2012
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Dry heaths                               Unfavourable    Burning, over-grazing     16/07/2006
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                     Plants in crevices on acid rocks          Favourable                               16/07/2006
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Blanket bog                              Unfavourable    Burning, over-grazing     16/07/2006
                                                                                                              Climate change, over-
                                                     Alpine and subalpine heaths              Unfavourable                              16/07/2006
                                                                                                                      grazing
                                                     Base-rich fens                           Unfavourable   No negative pressures      16/07/2006
                                                                           30
Total     Are in
                                                                                                Summary                                  Visit
Site Code      Name               Area      CNP               Qualifying Feature                                    Pressures
                                                                                                Condition                                Date
                                  (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                                                                               No negative pressures
                                                     Base-rich scree                             Favourable                          16/07/2006
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Grasslands on soils rich in heavy metals                  No negative pressures 16/07/2006
                                                                                                 Favourable
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Species-rich grassland with mat-grass in                  No negative pressures 16/07/2006
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                                     upland areas                                                   identified
                                                     Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic
                                                                                                               No negative pressures
                                                     vegetation and poor to moderate             Favourable                          23/06/2010
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     nutrient levels
                                                                                                               No negative pressures
                                                     Acid peat-stained lakes and ponds           Favourable                          24/06/2010
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                                                                Unfavourable
                                                                                                 Recovering Invasive species; under-
                Cairngroms SAC

                                                     Caledonian forest                                                                 27/01/2009
                                                                                                   Due to             grazing
   UK0016412

                                                                                                Management
                                 50903.74 50903.74 Dry grasslands and scrublands on chalk                     Over-grazing; under-
                                                                                                Unfavourable                           03/04/2007
                                                   or limestone                                               grazing; over grazing
                                                   Blanket bog                                  Unfavourable      Over-grazing         03/04/2007
                                                                                                             No negative pressures
                                                     Tall herb communities                       Favourable                            03/04/2007
                                                                                                                    identified
                                                     Hard-water springs depositing lime          Favourable       Over-grazing         03/04/2007
                                                                                                             Burning; over grazing;
                                                     Alpine and subalpine heaths                Unfavourable      Recreation /         03/04/2007
                                                                                                                   disturbance
                                                     Dry heaths                                 Unfavourable         Burning           03/04/2007

                                                                         31
Total    Are in
                                                                                      Summary                                  Visit
Site Code     Name       Area     CNP                Qualifying Feature                                   Pressures
                                                                                      Condition                                Date
                         (ha)      (ha)
                                                                                                         Recreation /
                                           Plants in crevices on acid rocks            Favourable                            03/04/2007
                                                                                                         disturbance
                                                                                                         Recreation /
                                           Acidic scree                                Favourable                            03/04/2007
                                                                                                         disturbance
                                           Mountain willow scrub                      Unfavourable       Over-grazing        03/04/2007
                                           Wet heathland with cross-leaved heath      Unfavourable       Over-grazing        03/04/2007
                                           Species-rich grassland with mat-grass in                   Trampling; under-
                                                                                      Unfavourable                           03/04/2007
                                           upland areas                                                     grazing
                                           Plants in crevices on base-rich rocks      Unfavourable     Invasive species      03/04/2007
                                           Juniper on heaths or calcareous                           No negative pressures
                                                                                       Favourable                            03/04/2007
                                           grasslands                                                     identified
                                           Very wet mires often identified by an                     No negative pressures
                                                                                       Favourable                            08/04/2007
                                           unstable 'quaking' surface                                     identified
                                                                                                         Recreation /
                                           Montane acid grasslands                     Favourable                            14/07/2006
                                                                                                         disturbance
                                           High-altitude plant communities
                                                                                      Unfavourable       Over-grazing        15/10/2006
                                           associated with areas of water seepage
                                           Bog woodland                                Favourable        Over-grazing        05/09/2002
                                           Green shield-moss (Buxbaumia viridis)       Favourable     Forestry operations    02/05/2006
                                                                                                         Recreation /
                                           Otter (Lutra lutra)                        Unfavourable                           22/09/2011
                                                                                                          disturbance
  UK         Coyles of                                                                               No negative pressures
                         135.16   135.16   Grasslands on soils rich in heavy metals    Favourable                            03/08/2006
0030122     Muick SAC                                                                                      identified

                                                                 32
Total     Are in
                                                                                                    Summary                                   Visit
Site Code       Name                   Area      CNP               Qualifying Feature                                   Pressures
                                                                                                    Condition                                 Date
                                       (ha)       (ha)
                                                          Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic
                                                                                                                   No negative pressures
                                                          vegetation and poor to moderate            Favourable                          10/06/2010
                                                                                                                        identified
                                                          nutrient levels
                                                                                                                   No negative pressures
                                                          Plants in crevices on base-rich rocks      Favourable                          15/08/2010
                                                                                                                        identified
                                                                                                                   No negative pressures
                                                          Plants in crevices on acid rocks           Favourable                          08/08/2005
                  Creag Meagaidh SAC

                                                                                                                        identified
                                                          Alpine and subalpine heaths               Unfavourable       Over-grazing      01/09/2005
   UK0012955

                                                                                                    Unfavourable
                                                                                                     Recovering
                                       6144.58   507.19   Mountain willow scrub                                        Over-grazing         01/09/2005
                                                                                                      Due to
                                                                                                    Management
                                                          Tall herb communities                     Unfavourable        Over-grazing        30/09/2005
                                                                                                                       Burning, game /
                                                          Wet heathland with cross-leaved heath     Unfavourable   fisheries management,    30/09/2005
                                                                                                                        over-grazing
                                                          Montane acid grasslands                   Unfavourable        Over-grazing        30/09/2005
                                                          Dry heaths                                Unfavourable    Burning, over-grazing   30/09/2005
                                                          Blanket bog                               Unfavourable    Burning, over-grazing   30/09/2005
                                                          Acidic scree                              Unfavourable        Over-grazing        30/09/2005
               Creag nan
                                                                                                                   No negative pressures
UK0013584      Gamhainn                 15.75    15.75    Hard-water springs depositing lime         Favourable                          21/07/2011
                                                                                                                        identified
                 SAC
                Dinnet                                                                                               Invasive species, no
UK0030134      Oakwood                  19.73    19.73    Western acidic oak woodland                Favourable    proactive management, 12/07/2002
                 SAC                                                                                                     over-grazing

                                                                             33
Total     Are in
                                                                                            Summary                                  Visit
Site Code       Name         Area      CNP                 Qualifying Feature                                   Pressures
                                                                                            Condition                                Date
                             (ha)       (ha)
                                                 Alpine and subalpine heaths                Unfavourable Over-grazing, trampling 05/07/2006
                                                 Montane acid grasslands                    Unfavourable Over-grazing, trampling 06/07/2006
                                                 Plants in crevices on acid rocks           Unfavourable     Over-grazing        06/07/2006
                                                 Dry heaths                                 Unfavourable        Burning          06/07/2006
                                                 Mountain willow scrub                      Unfavourable     Over-grazing        06/07/2006
                                                                                                         Burning, over-grazing,
                                                 Wet heathland with cross-leaved heath      Unfavourable                         06/07/2006
                                                                                                               trampling
          Drumochter
UK0012942            9445.56           7382.22                                                           Burning, over-grazing,
           Hills SAC                             Blanket bog                                Unfavourable                         06/07/2006
                                                                                                               trampling
                                                 Species-rich grassland with mat-grass in
                                                                                            Unfavourable      Under-grazing        06/07/2006
                                                 upland areas
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                                 Acidic scree                                Favourable                            06/07/2006
                                                                                                                 identified
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                                 Tall herb communities                       Favourable                            08/08/2013
                                                                                                                 identified
                                                 Caledonian forest                           Favourable      Invasive species      08/04/2010
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
   UK0012756

                Glen Tanar

                                                 Wet heathland with cross-leaved heath       Favourable                            21/11/2009
                                                                                                                 identified
                   SAC

                             4180.09   4142.25 Dry heaths                                    Favourable       Under-grazing        23/10/2003
                                               Blanket bog                                   Favourable           Burning          31/10/2003
                                                                                                           No negative pressures
                                                 Otter (Lutra lutra)                         Favourable                            23/09/2012
                                                                                                                 identified
                                                 Dry heaths                                  Favourable    Burning, over-grazing   15/08/2008
  UK0030

               on SAC
               Strathd
                Green
                Hill of

                                                 Grasslands on soils rich in heavy metals    Favourable           Burning          15/08/2008
   159

                             640.77    640.77
                                                 Juniper on heaths or calcareous
                                                                                             Favourable        Over-grazing        02/08/2002
                                                 grasslands
                                                                       34
Total     Are in
                                                                                                 Summary                                 Visit
Site Code      Name                Area      CNP                Qualifying Feature                                 Pressures
                                                                                                 Condition                               Date
                                   (ha)       (ha)
                                                       Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic                    Invasive species,
                                                       vegetation and poor to moderate           Favourable         recreation /       30/07/2010
                Insh Marshes SAC
                                                       nutrient levels                                              disturbance
                                                                                                               Flood defence works,
   UK0019812

                                                                                                                invasive species, no
                                   1158.78   1158.78 Alder woodland on floodplains               Favourable   proactive management,    19/05/2009
                                                                                                                over-grazing, water
                                                                                                                    management
                                                       Very wet mires often identified by an                  No negative pressures
                                                                                                 Favourable                            04/10/2002
                                                       unstable 'quaking' surface                                    identified
                                                       Otter (Lutra lutra)                       Favourable     Over-grazing, other    08/09/2004
                                                       Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic                    Invasive species,
                                                       vegetation and poor to moderate           Favourable         recreation /       30/07/2010
                Insh Marshes SAC

                                                       nutrient levels                                              disturbance
                                                                                                               Flood defence works,
   UK0019812

                                                                                                                invasive species, no
                                   1158.78   1158.78 Alder woodland on floodplains               Favourable   proactive management,    19/05/2009
                                                                                                                over-grazing, water
                                                                                                                    management
                                                       Very wet mires often identified by an                  No negative pressures
                                                                                                 Favourable                            04/10/2002
                                                       unstable 'quaking' surface                                    identified
                                                       Otter (Lutra lutra)                       Favourable     Over-grazing, other    08/09/2004
                                                                                                              No negative pressures
                                                       Bog woodland                              Favourable                            24/06/2008
           Kinveachy                                                                                                 identified
UK0012759                          2849.36   2232.59
          Forest SAC                                                                                          No negative pressures
                                                       Caledonian forest                         Favourable                            24/06/2008
                                                                                                                     identified

                                                                           35
Total     Are in
                                                                                                     Summary                                    Visit
Site Code      Name                     Area      CNP                 Qualifying Feature                                  Pressures
                                                                                                     Condition                                  Date
                                        (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                                     Burning, over-grazing,
                                                            Dry heaths                               Unfavourable         recreation /       09/04/2007
               Ladder Hills
   UK0030179

                                                                                                                          disturbance
                  SAC                   4357.94   4357.94                                                           Agricultural operations,
                                                            Blanket bog                               Favourable                             03/09/1999
                                                                                                                            burning
                                                                                                                    No negative pressures
                                                            Alpine and subalpine heaths               Favourable                             03/09/1999
                                                                                                                           identified
UK0030210 Monadhliath
                                        1061.11   7121.03 Blanket bog                                Unfavourable         Trampling           23/09/2004
          SAC
                                                            Base-rich fens                            Favourable           Trampling          03/06/2014
                                                                                                                    Invasive species, over-
                                                            Hard-water springs depositing lime        Favourable                              03/06/2014
                                                                                                                            grazing
                                                            High-altitude plant communities                            Invasive species,
                 Morrone Birkwood SAC

                                                                                                      Favourable                              03/06/2014
                                                            associated with areas of water seepage                         trampling
                                                            Dry grasslands and scrublands on chalk                  No negative pressures
                                                                                                      Favourable                              03/06/2014
   UK0012894

                                                            or limestone                                                   identified
                                                                                                     Unfavourable
                                         318.4     318.4
                                                            Juniper on heaths or calcareous           Recovering
                                                                                                                         Over-grazing         11/10/2009
                                                            grasslands                                 Due to
                                                                                                     Management
                                                                                                                       Over-grazing,
                                                            Alpine and subalpine heaths               Favourable        recreation /      01/07/2008
                                                                                                                        disturbance
                                                                                                                    No negative pressures
                                                            Geyer's whorl snail (Vertigo geyeri)     Unfavourable                         30/06/2013
                                                                                                                         identified

                                                                                36
Total     Are in
                                                                                                   Summary                                   Visit
Site Code      Name                  Area      CNP                 Qualifying Feature                                  Pressures
                                                                                                   Condition                                 Date
                                     (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                                   Burning, no proactive
           Morven &
                                                         Juniper on heaths or calcareous                            management, over-
UK0019958 Mullachdubh                916.76    916.76                                               Favourable                             25/01/2005
                                                         grasslands                                               grazing, plant pests and
              SAC
                                                                                                                          diseases
                                                                                                   Unfavourable
                                                         Very wet mires often identified by an      Recovering
                                                                                                                     Invasive species      30/08/2008
                                                         unstable 'quaking' surface                  Due to
                                                                                                   Management
                Muir of Dinnet SAC

                                                         Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic
                                                                                                                  Invasive species, water
                                                         vegetation and poor to moderate            Favourable                            25/06/2004
   UK0019959

                                                                                                                          quality
                                                         nutrient levels
                                     415.76    415.76                                              Unfavourable
                                                                                                    Recovering        No proactive
                                                         Dry heaths                                                                        16/02/2001
                                                                                                     Due to           management
                                                                                                   Management
                                                                                                                Agricultural operations,
                                                         Degraded raised bog                        Favourable                             30/06/2000
                                                                                                                    invasive species
                                                                                                                 Natural event, water
                                                         Otter (Lutra lutra)                        Favourable                             04/10/2012
                                                                                                                         quality
                                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                                         Otter (Lutra lutra)                        Favourable                             06/10/2012
                River Dee SAC

                                                                                                                       identified
   UK0030251

                                                                                                                Agricultural operations,
                                     2446.82   1368.59                                                          invasive species, water
                                                         Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)              Favourable                             21/07/2011
                                                                                                                  management, water
                                                                                                                         quality
                                                         Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera    Unfavourable Development, invasive      07/08/2003

                                                                               37
Total     Are in
                                                                                                Summary                                      Visit
Site Code      Name                Area      CNP                Qualifying Feature                                   Pressures
                                                                                                Condition                                    Date
                                   (ha)       (ha)
                                                      margaritifera)                                                 species, water
                                                                                                                  management. To be
                                                                                                                    identified, other
                                                                                                               Agricultural operations,
                                                                                                               climate change, forestry
               River South Esk

                                                                                                                  operations, invasive
   UK0030262

                                                      Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)             Unfavourable                               29/07/2011
                                                                                                                 species, over-grazing,
                     SAC

                                   478.62    103.48                                                               water management,
                                                                                                                      water quality
                                                                                                                Invasive species, water
                                                      Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera
                                                                                                Unfavourable      management, wildlife     13/09/2009
                                                      margaritifera)
                                                                                                                          crime
                                                                                                                No negative pressures
                                                      Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)           Favourable                                07/09/2011
                                                                                                                        identified
                  River Spey SAC

                                                      Otter (Lutra lutra)                        Favourable       Over-grazing; other      18/09/2012
   UK0019811

                                                                                                               Agricultural operations;
                                   5729.48   4181.76 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)              Unfavourable    invasive species; water    04/09/2011
                                                                                                                      management
                                                                                                                  Extraction; invasive
                                                      Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera
                                                                                                Unfavourable     species; water quality;   30/09/2014
                                                      margaritifera)
                                                                                                                      wildlife crime
                                                      Clear-water lakes or lochs with aquatic
  UK003031

               River Tay

                                                      vegetation and poor to moderate            Favourable      Water management          12/08/2009
                 SAC

                                   9497.72   233.94   nutrient levels
     2

                                                                                                                  Game/ fisheries
                                                      Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)              Favourable                          19/09/2011
                                                                                                                management, invasive

                                                                            38
Total    Are in
                                                                                Summary                                     Visit
Site Code    Name      Area     CNP                Qualifying Feature                                Pressures
                                                                                Condition                                   Date
                       (ha)      (ha)
                                                                                                    species, water
                                                                                                management, water
                                                                                                        quality
                                                                                                Development, water
                                         Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)        Favourable     management, water         30/11/2007
                                                                                                        quality
                                                                                                Development, water
                                         River lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis)    Favourable     management, water         30/11/2007
                                                                                                        quality
                                                                                                Development, water
                                         Brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri)        Favourable     management, water         30/11/2007
                                                                                                        quality
                                                                                               Agricultural operations,
                                                                                                  invasive species,
                                         Otter (Lutra lutra)                     Favourable          recreation /         03/04/2004
                                                                                                 disturbance, water
                                                                                                     management
            The Maim
UK0030348              484.58   484.58   Dry heaths                             Unfavourable           Burning            12/06/2006
              SAC

                                                               39
There are 23 SACs within or overlapping
the National Park (Figure 9), covering an            33%
                                                                                      Favourable
                                                                                                                                                         North
area of around 1,063 km2 (or 24% of the                                               Unfavourable Recovering Due to Management
National Park’s area). Of these, 16 have at                                           Unfavourable
                                                                            58%
least one qualifying feature that is in
                                                        9%
unfavourable condition. 4 SACs, namely
Monadhliath, River South Esk, Kinveachy               Figure 8 Summary condition
Forest and The Maim, have no qualifying               of qualifying features of
                                                      SACs.
features in favourable condition. It should
be noted that the majority of the River
South Esk SAC is located outwith the
National Park boundary and therefore the
CNPA has only limited influence over its
status.

Significant pressures on qualifying features
are burning and over-grazing (Figure 12).

Around 53% of the land area protected as
an SAC falls within the Cairngorms SAC,
which is the third largest in Scotland.
                                                                                                                                                           Scale:
                                                                                                                                                       1:700,000
                                               Figure 9 Special Areas of Conservation within the Cairngorms National Park.
                                               Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2017. All rights
                                               reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100040965 Cairngorms National Park Authority. © Scottish Natural Heritage.

                                                                          40
6%                                                                                                     Number of pressures
                                           5%
                                                                    Upland habitat                                                          0       10    20       30      40             50
                                      6%
                                                                    Woodland                                     Agricultural operations
                                   1%
                                  4%                                Wetlands                                                     Burning
                                 1%                                 Freshwater habitats                                 Climate Change
                                 7%                                 Non-vascular plants                                    Development
                                                                    Mammals (except marine)                                   Extraction
                                                                                                    Flood defence/coastal defence works
                                                     70%            Invertebrates
                                                                                                                    Forestry operations
                                                                    Fish
                                                                                                           Game/ fisheries management
                                                                                                                         Invasive species
Figure 10 Category of qualifying features of SACs within the Cairngorms National Park.                                     Natural event
                                 30                                                                          No proactive management
                                                                                                                           Over-grazing
   Number of features assessed

                                 25
                                                                                                                Plant pests and diseases
                                 20                                                                              Recreation/disturbance
                                                                                                                               Trampling
                                 15                                                                                       Under-grazing
                                                                                                                    Water management
                                 10
                                                                                                                           Water quality
                                  5                                                                                       Wildlife crime
                                                                                                                                   Other
                                  0                                                                                     To be identified
                                                                                                        No negative pressures identified

Figure 11 Year of latest assessed visit of qualifying features of SACs within the Cairngorms    Figure 12 Pressures on qualifying features of SACs within the Cairngorms National Park.
National Park.
                                                                                               41
Special Protection Area
Table 4 Special Protection Areas within the Cairngorms National Park.

                                         Total         Are in
                                                                                                                   Summary                                    Visit
 Site Code             Name              Area          CNP                    Qualifying Feature                                       Pressures
                                                                                                                   Condition                                  Date
                                         (ha)           (ha)
                                                                    Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding       Favourable        Under-grazing         28/04/2009
    UK900256

                      Aberneth
                      y Forest
                                                                                                                                  No negative pressures
                                                                    Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding            Favourable                              31/05/2007
                        SPA
                                        5793.46        5793.46                                                                           identified
       1

                                                                                                                                  No negative pressures
                                                                    Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding    Favourable                              28/03/2012
                                                                                                                                         identified
                    Anagach                                                                                                            Recreation /
UK9020297                                392.78         392.78      Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding      Unfavourable                             29/04/2015
                   Woods SPA                                                                                                            disturbance
                                                                                                                                   Forestry operations,
                                                                    Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding      Unfavourable    natural event, over-     14/04/2014
          Ballochbuie
UK9002781                               1881.73        1881.73                                                                    grazing, under-grazing.
              SPA
                                                                                                                                  No negative pressures
                                                                    Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding    Favourable                              01/03/2015
                                                                                                                                         identified
                                                                                                                                       Over-grazing,
                                                                    Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus),
                                                                                                                    Favourable          recreation /        01/01/1999
                                                                    breeding
                   Caenlochan                                                                                                           disturbance
UK9004011                               5975.28        5975.28
                      SPA                                                                                                              Over-grazing,
                                                                    Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos),
                                                                                                                    Favourable          recreation /        04/12/2009
                                                                    breeding
                                                                                                                                        disturbance
                                                                                                                                  No negative pressures
                                                                    Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding       Favourable                              25/04/2011
    UK900224

                        Cairngor

                                                                                                                                         identified
                        ms SPA

                                       50903.74 50903.74                                                              Not
       1

                                                                                                                                  No negative pressures
                                                                    Merlin (Falco columbarius), breeding           monitored to                                N/A
                                                                                                                                       identified
                                                                                                                      date

                                                                                         42
Total     Are in
                                                                                             Summary                                    Visit
Site Code     Name         Area      CNP                Qualifying Feature                                       Pressures
                                                                                             Condition                                  Date
                           (ha)       (ha)
                                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                              Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding            Favourable                              01/06/2006
                                                                                                                   identified
                                              Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos),                                Game / fisheries
                                                                                              Favourable                              31/07/2009
                                              breeding                                                           management
                                                                                                                 Recreation /
                                              Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus),
                                                                                             Unfavourable     disturbance; over-      01/07/2011
                                              breeding
                                                                                                                     grazing
                                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                              Scottish crossbill (Loxia scotica), breeding    Favourable                              14/03/2012
                                                                                                                   identified
                                                                                                                 Recreation /
                                              Peregrine (Falco peregrinus), breeding          Favourable                              30/06/2002
                                                                                                                  disturbance
                                                                                                            Plant pests & diseases;
            Cairngorms                   Golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos),
UK9020308              187504.1 173254.6                                                      Favourable       proactive onsite       31/08/2003
            Massif SPA                   breeding
                                                                                                                 management
          Craigmore                                                                                          No onsite activities
UK9001801                  654.09    654.09   Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), breeding      Unfavourable                             20/04/2014
          Wood SPA                                                                                                 identified
            Creag
                                              Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus),                             No negative pressures
UK9002161 Maegaidh        6144.58    507.19                                                  Unfavourable                         01/07/2011
                                              breeding                                                           identified
             SPA
                                             Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus),
          Drumochter                                                                          Favourable            Other             11/02/2004
UK9002301            9445.56         7382.22 breeding
           Hills SPA
                                             Merlin (Falco columbarius), breeding            Unfavourable   Burning, over-grazing 31/08/2004
                                                                                                            No negative pressures
                                              Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), breeding            Favourable                            01/08/2010
  UK900

            Clunie
            Forest

                                                                                                                  identified
   4381

             SPA

                          19349.38   905.22
              of

                                                                                                            Burning, natural event,
                                              Merlin (Falco columbarius), breeding           Unfavourable                           29/05/2009
                                                                                                                over-grazing

                                                                   43
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