Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA - Francesca Recanati, Jonas Bunsen 31.01.2019
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Environmental Footprints (EFs) in
openLCA
Francesca Recanati, Jonas Bunsen
31.01.2019
@openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Content of the webinar (January 31 st, 2019; 4 .p.m. CET)
• Introduction
• Product and Organisational Environmental Footprints (PEFs and OEFs) and
Environmental Footprint Category Rules (PEFCRs and OEFSRs)
• The PEF and OEF Pilots
• Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA
• EF secondary data (PEF database)
• PEF LCIA method (including normalisation and weighting)
• Demonstration and use advice
• Provider linking
• Importing LCI data from nodes of the ILCD network
• Exporting LCI data from openLCA for use in other LCA software
• Opportunities and limitations
• Conclusion and outlook
• Questions & Answers
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Introduction to Product Environmental Footprints (PEFs) and Organisational Environmental Footprints (OEFs)
Introduction to PEFs and OEFs
Single Market Act Proposal No 10: “feasibility of an initiative on the Ecological
Footprint of Products to address the issue of the environmental impact of
products […]. The initiative will explore possibilities for establishing a common
European methodology to assess and label them.”
• harmonised methodology for the calculation of the environmental footprint
• Product Environmental • Organisational Environmental
Footprints (PEFs) and PEF Footprints (OEFs) and OEF
Category Rules (PEFCRs) Sector Rules (OEFSRs)
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/dev_methods.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)
PEF – General information
• European Commission
• duration: 6 years
• Phases:
• 2013-2016: pilot phase (http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm)
• 2016-2018: remodelling phase (still ongoing)
PEF idea: To create a harmonized data space for Environmental Footprint
Goals:
• Consistent and harmonized rules for products –Product Category Rules
• Consistent, harmonized and freely available background dataset
Environmental Footprints (EFs)
The pilot process Scope
definition
• Analysis of existing PCRs and/or sectoral
guidance
• Consultation on scope and representative
product/organisation Simplified
• Approval by the Steering Committee PEF/OEF
• Screening
• Consultation 1st draft PEFCR/OEFSR
• Approval of the 2nd draft PEFCR/OEFSR by the SC
• Supporting studies Draft of
PEF/OEF
• Targeting communication vehicles
• Consultation final PEFCR/OEFSR
• Review by the review panel
• Approval of the final PEFCR/OEFSR by the SC PEFCR/OEFSR
approval by the
SC
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)Products and sectors
Batteries
Leather
Beer
Pet food
Dairy products
Pasta
Decorative Paints Coffee
Thermal insulation
Feed for food-producing animals Marine fish
Wine
IT equipment Red meat
Packed water
Stationery
Footwear
Olive oil
Hot and cold water
piping systems Photovoltaic electricity
generation
Intermediate paper products
T-shirt
Liquid laundry detergents
Uninterrupted power supplies
Metal sheets
Retail sector
SECTORS:
Copper sector
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/eussd/smgp/ef_pilots.htm (accessed 28.01.2019)PEF – Remodelling Project to make the various pilots consistent and update them to the latest PEFCR
Outputs
• 27 pilot projects:
• 21 have defined their product environmental footprint
category rules for the European market.
• 6 not finalized or postponed
• FOR USERS:
• Product or organization category rules
• Free database including background processes
• Aggregated datasets (system process)
• Models (eILCD and excel format)Comments
Really positive for EF is that industry indeed came together
and put effort into creating a common model for the
respective pilots
The database and datasets are still under review
The life cycle data network, meant to distribute the
tendered datasets and the pilot models, is not a real
network yet since nodes are not connected
https://www.greendelta.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/PEF_CWDB_Aug18.pdfTechnical issues Supplying PEF background data is good, but… A technically consistent background data pack is still not available: • background data from different sources • background data sets have been released based on various tenders over time, earlier data sets do not use the later data sets (transport data sets do not include chemicals data sets e.g.) • background data sets do not follow the same guidance document version (evolving PEFCR) • for important data sets (for pilots) critical background data sets are missing (e.g., paper machine)
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Secondary data sets
Data set Provider Node link
EF representative products * European commission http://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EF-node/
Energy and transport Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Packaging Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Agrofood Quantis https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
Metals Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Chemicals for Paint CEPE ecoinvent http://lcdn-cepe.org
Others Quantis https://lcdn.quantis-software.com/PEF/
Chemicals ** Ecoinvent http://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/
End of Life Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Feed Fefac http://lcdn.blonkconsultants.nl/Node/
Incineration Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Plastics Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Textiles ** Cycleco https://node.cycleco.eu/node/
Electronics Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Cooling and freezing transport Thinkstep http://lcdn.thinkstep.com/Node/
Glass recycling RDC http://soda.rdc.yp5.be/login.xhtml?stock=FEVE_EF_comp
* still under review, not included in the openLCA PEF secondary data sets
**missing in the openLCA PEF secondary data sets: the provided link does not give access to textile data
*** not includedEnvironmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA Available for download from Process categories and subcategories https://nexus.openlca.org/
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) method
• The final EF LCIA method (3.0) includes 16 midpoint categories
• Global normalization factors are provided*
• Two weighting sets are available, one including and one excluding three
toxicity related impact categories (human toxicity cancer, human toxicity
non-cancer and freshwater ecotoxicity)**
• Final version is yet to be published for openLCA
*Sala S., Crenna E., Secchi M., Pant, R., Global normalisation factors for the Environmental Footprint and Life Cycle Assessment, EUR (28984), Publications
Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2017, ISBN 978-92-79-77213-9, doi:10.2760/88930, JRC109878
**Sala S., Cerutti A.K., Pant R., Development of a weighting approach for the Environmental Footprint, Publications Office of the European Union,
Luxembourg, 2018, ISBN 978-92-79-68042-7, EUR 28562, doi 10.2760/945290Environmental Footprint (EF) secondary data in openLCA
EF LCIA method (mid-point indicator)
Recommended default LCIA
Impact category Unit Indicator
method
Radiative forcing as Global Warming Baseline model of 100 years of the IPCC
Climate change kg CO2 eq. Potential (GWP100) (based on IPCC 2013)
Ozone depletion kg CFC-11 eq. Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) Steady-state ODPs as in (WMO 1999)
Human toxicity, cancer effects*3 CTUh Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh) USEtox 2.1. model (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
Human toxicity, non- cancer
CTUh Comparative Toxic Unit for humans (CTUh) USEtox 2.1. model (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
effects*3
Particulate matter/Respiratory Human health effects associated with PM method recommended by UNEP (UNEP
Disease incidences
inorganics exposure to PM2.5 2016)
Human health effect model as developed by
Ionising radiation, human health kBq U235 Human exposure efficiency relative to U235
Dreicer et al. 1995 (Frischknecht et al, 2000)
LOTOS-EUROS (Van Zelm et al, 2008) as
Photochemical ozone formation kg NMVOC eq. Tropospheric ozone concentration increase
applied in ReCiPe 2008
Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al.
Acidification mol H+ eq. Accumulated Exceedance (AE)
2006, Posch et al, 2008)
Accumulated Exceedance (Seppälä et al.
Eutrophication, terrestrial mol N eq. Accumulated Exceedance (AE)
2006, Posch et al, 2008)
Eutrophication, aquatic Fraction of nutrients reaching freshwater end EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009) as
kg P eq.
freshwater compartment (P) implemented in ReCiPe
Fraction of nutrients reaching marine end EUTREND model (Struijs et al, 2009) as
Eutrophication, aquatic marine kg N eq. compartment (N) implemented in ReCiPe
Ecotoxicity freshwater*3 CTUe Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (CTUe) USEtox 2.1. (Rosenbaum et al, 2008)
Soil quality index (Biotic production, Erosion Soil quality index based on LANCA (Beck et
Land use Pt* resistance, Mechanical filtration and al. 2010 and Bos et al. 2016)
Groundwater replenishment)
User deprivation potential Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) in
Water use kg world eq. deprived (deprivationweighted water consumption) UNEP, 2016
Resource use, minerals and Abiotic resource depletion (ADP ultimate CML Guinée et al. (2002) and van Oers et al.
kg Sb eq.
metals reserves) (2002).
Abiotic resource depletion – fossil fuels (ADP- CML Guinée et al. (2002) and van Oers et al.
Resource use, energy carriers MJ fossil) (2002)
Source: Fazio et al. (2018) Supporting information to the CFs of the recommended EF LCIA methodsEnvironmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Demonstration and use advice
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Provider Linking in the secondary database
The PEF background processes are labelled as system processes, but they include also product flows related
to End-of-Life (EoL)e.g. waste, recycled materials or energy recovered from waste*.
When building a product system in openLCA → deselect the Auto-link processes feature
(to avoid wrong connections within a product system)
*check the Circular Footprint Formula in Product Environmental Footprint Category Rules Guidance – version 6.3 (2018)Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Provider Linking in the secondary database Users can link different flows included in the product system to the respective provider by right-clicking on the box in the model graph and selecting: → Search providers for (or Search recipients for ) and selecting both Add and Connect
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
PEFlocus: addressing regionalization
WHY is needed?
→ to adapt regionalization in PEF data sets to openLCA
- The PEF data sets are partly regionalized via the location element in exchanges of
processes and characterization factors of LCIA method: the same flow can occur
multiple times in exchanges of a process or in characterization factors of an LCIA
method but with different location codes.
- Location elements in exchanges are not supported in openLCA, so we need to create
different localized flows
→ Let‘s have a look at GitHub
(https://github.com/msrocka/peflocus)Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
PEFlocus: addressing regionalization
WHEN is used?
- Before importing PEF data (and method) in openLCA (if downloaded from the EC
nodes) → map
peflocus map -wordir zips -mapfile flow_mapping.csv
- To check the results with Look@LCI or use the datasets in other LCA software or
share the data with users of other LCA softwares → unmap
peflocus unmap -wordir zips -mapfile flow_mapping.csv
(https://github.com/msrocka/peflocus)Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Opportunities and limitations
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
In openLCA:
• Background data sets jointly available (1 download)
• These data sets are the ones used in the remodelling projects
• The IA method included is EF
• Data available at the different nodes can vary over time (potential modifications
from the provider can be not evident). So if you download data from a node you can
find differences with the data we provided.
→ Updates occurring soonEnvironmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA Conclusion and outlook
Environmental Footprints (EFs) in openLCA
Conclusion and outlook Support and use advice
• Product Environmental • Visit https://ask.openLCA.org for
Footprint – Can’t we do better support or get prioritised support
in LCA? via the GreenDelta helpdesk
• Data sets and methods will be https://openLCA.org/helpdesk
updated • Read the EF secondary data for
• Secondary database is openLCA documentation
temporarly not available on https://bit.ly/2RQt80m
nexus • PEFs and OEFs are part of openLCA
trainings
https://openLCA.org/trainings/Product Environmental Footprints (PEFs) in openLCA Questions and Answers
Thank You for Your Attention! recanati@greendelta.com, bunsen@greendelta.com GreenDelta GmbH Müllerstrasse 135, 13349 Berlin @openLCA
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