Flat water sports facility in east Christchurch Resource document
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Flat water sports facility in east Christchurch
Resource document
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 1
Flat water sports facility
This is a resource document for those interested in a feasibility assessment for a flat water sports lake and facilities in the east of Christchurch. Questions and input
on its content to Chrissie Williams, Programme Leader, Natural Environment Recovery Programme: chrissie.williams@ecan.govt.nz 027 702 7457
Contents
Contents.................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Post earthquake provision for flat-water sports..................................................................................................... 8
Opportunities and advantages of a lake/off-river facility near Kerr’s Reach ......................................................... 9
Challenges and disadvantages of a lake/off-river facility near Kerr’s Reach .......................................................... 9
Comparison of 2.2km lake, 1.2km lake and Avon River ........................................................................................ 10
Table 2: Investigations / technical information required ..................................................................................... 12
Appendix 1: Christchurch West Melton Zone Committee recommendations and NERP projects ....................... 19
Appendix 2: Final Issues and Options Paper, 20 December 2011 ........................................................................ 20
Appendix 3: Sport and Recreation People Places and Spaces Plan February 2013 .............................................. 23
Appendix 4: L&R New Zealand Ltd report ............................................................................................................ 24
Appendix 5: Criteria for an international rowing venue ....................................................................................... 31
Appendix 6: Criteria for a waka ama racing venue ............................................................................................... 32
Appendix 7: Whitewater course .......................................................................................................................... 32
Appendix 8: History of rowing lake advocacy ....................................................................................................... 36
Appendix 9: Media on lake ................................................................................................................................... 41
Appendix 10: South Island rowing and water sports venues ................................................................................ 45
Lake Ruataniwha ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 2
Lake Hood ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
Pegasus Lake ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 46
Appendix 11: Overseas international standard rowing venues ............................................................................ 47
Sydney International Regatta Centre, Penrith lakes, Sydney .................................................................................................................................................................................. 47
Dorney Lake, Eton .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Proposed Cambridge Sport Lakes ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 50
Appendix 12: References ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 3
Introduction
For many years Canterbury Rowing and other water sports have been advocating for a flat water facility close to Christchurch. They consider Kerr’s Reach on the
Avon River/Ōtākaro does not have the capacity for current and future needs, has poor accessibility and is not safe. This has been exacerbated by the earthquakes as
the river has become shallower and narrower through liquefaction and lateral spread.
In 2000 a flat-water multi sports facility, Lake Isaac Watersports Park, was proposed by Canterbury Rowing to develop an international-class rowing lake in
1
Christchurch . The land available was owned by the Diana Isaac Wildlife Trust with an agreement to rent the land on a 99 year renewable lease. Preliminary
estimates were that the facility, fully developed to international standard, would cost over $23 million, with positive economic impact on Christchurch and Canterbury.
The Trust approached Christchurch City Council (CCC) for planning and capital funding. The Council was aware of the increased risk from bird strike by constructing
a lake close to the airport, so identified alternative sites including Environment Canterbury land, Bottle Lake Forest Park, the Avon Heathcote Estuary /Ihutai and Te
Waihora/Lake Ellesmere.
In 2004 the cost estimate had increased to $30.4m and a March report concluded the Lake Isaac proposal posed too great a risk of bird strike hazard at Christchurch
2 3
International Airport and should not proceed . A June 2004 report to Council included a preliminary report from OCEL Consultants Ltd, Feasibility study for a
4
proposed flat water racing facility at Bottle Lake Forest , as an alternative to Lake Isaac. This study indicated the construction of the proposed flat water facility was
fully feasible, and recommended more detailed engineering investigation to develop detailed costing.
The Council agreed to provide $200,000 in 2004/05 for feasibility investigations for a flat water facility at a site which would not pose a risk to airport operations, and
to provide $11m capital for this facility over four years. It is unclear why the Bottle Lake Forest Park proposal was not further investigated, and Henderson’s Basin was
5
then suggested as a possible site.
1
http://www1.ccc.govt.nz/Council/Agendas/2003/April/CommunityLeisure/FlatwaterSports.pdf
2
http://www1.ccc.govt.nz/council/proceedings/2004/march/cnclcover18th/suppgeneralmanagerstrategicdevelopment.pdf
3
http://www1.ccc.govt.nz/council/proceedings/2004/june/cnclcover30th/Clause1AttachmentApdx4.
4
http://resources.ccc.govt.nz/files/thecouncil/meetingsminutes/agendas/2004/June/CnClCover30th/Clause1AttachmentFWApdxB.pdf
See Appendix 6: Criteria for a waka ama racing venue
5
Sprint Race course - Course lanes
The race course shall have lanes that are:
250 and/or 500m long;
at least 10 - 12.5m in width for races run in a straight line;
30 - 35m in width for races involving turns;
at right angles to the start and finish line;
at least 2m deep;
not unduly influenced by currents.
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 4
Races with a length of 500m shall be run on a straight course. W6 races may involve turns at each 250m or 500m as set for that event.
Races with a length of 1000m and above shall be run on either a 250m or 500m course and involve turns at the 250m or 500m mark.
The race course shall have at least three (3) and no more than ten (10) lanes.
In straight races the lanes may be split in two. In this case outrigger canoes must finish with the turning flag to the side to which they started.
A lane or area shall be designated so that the competitors may proceed safely to the start line without interfering with the racecourse. When racing is in progress
paddlers who are not racing are not permitted on the race course.
Appendix 7: Whitewater course
There are synergies and benefits of having a number of sporting, recreational, cultural, and educational activities co-located in a critical mass readily accessible to an
urban population. A whitewater course as a facility that could be included in an east Christchurch water park.
Description of a whitewater course
A modern stand-alone whitewater course is
o a “U” shaped concrete channel
o with a small lake from which water is pumped up to the top of the channel where it flows over various designed features to create rapids and swift-flowing
water
o the pumps are large and located underground for aesthetic and noise reasons
o the standard parameters for such a course, patterned on the Olympic model, are a length of about 300 meters, a slope of 2% (20 m/km), and a flow rate of 17
cubic metres per second. This is the minimum, and most modern courses are longer, with the latest ones having two or more parallel courses to enable
novices and children to be separated from the rafting and expert kayakers
Consideration needs to be given to:
o Course design
o designed to accommodate commercial rafting from the outset and are not merely single purpose facilities for elite athletes.
o Water volume – capacity of total system volume in lower pond (~ 28,000m3)
o Water quality – primary contact recreation standard required (so should not connected to flat water lake if water quality there of lower standard)
o Electrical costs for pumping – courses need to have energy usage managed carefully
Communities all over the world are building whitewater parks, partly to reclaim their over-developed urban waterways and to create visitor attractions and community
recreational facilities for the 21st Century. There are 40 whitewater parks under construction in the USA, and there are whitewater parks in 16 countries globally,
including in Athens and London, and four in China. One is being constructed in Rio de Janeiro
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 5
Examples of whitewater parks are:
o Penrith Whitewater Stadium in Sydney
o Penrith has a rowing lake and whitewater course co-located.
o The rowing lake is an integral component of the stormwater system
o Facilities and services are shared
o Auckland has just approved a whitewater stadium in Manukau
o Columbus, Georgia, USA, has
o bike and walking trails, a whitewater course, and birding, all wrapped together and marketed as an ‘outdoor urban escape’
o the concept is marketed by the Columbus Tourism Association
o there is a river walk, river performing arts centre, river bike trail, ecological restoration and whitewater adventure.
Why Christchurch?
Christchurch has a number of comparative advantages for whitewater activities.
o A critical mass of current adherents
o Christchurch has a large and active kayaking population, evidenced by having the two biggest clubs in New Zealand.
o The number of participants in kayaking in Christchurch is estimated at 8-9% of the population over 16 years of age. This is around 30,000 people who
kayak more than once a year, and it does not include all the high school age students who participate in pool-based canoe polo and outdoor education
activities that include paddle sports.
o At the participation level, kayaking is similar to Netball and Snow Sports.
o Infrastructure to support growth in participation (instructors, CPIT for professional guides, Outdoor Education, clubs, retailers and manufacturers.)
o A splendid range of ‘wild’ rivers, lakes and estuaries.
o Canterbury’s rivers are a wonderful resource, with the west Coast being a premier international whitewater destination.
o Abundant groundwater and surface water to use in a non-consumptive urban facility
o A tourism gateway to the South Island with a good visitor infrastructure, including the International Airport and accommodation, and other sporting facilities
o Existing rafting businesses of long-standing
o Engineers and construction expertise (Arrow Construction built the Penrith course)
o Climate
o A very accessible location if sited within east Christchurch.
Co-location of whitewater course and flat water sports lake
A whitewater course does not need to locate next to the flat water sports lake, but there are benefits in doing so:
o the possibility of using the pumps to shift stormwater in/out of the lake/river/stormwater system
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 6
o shared use of facilities with other sports
o cross-training and cross-pollination of ideas amongst sports
o benefits to tourism and passive recreation by having a number of activities to do/see in one easily accessible place.
Benefits
o a visitor attraction
o major events
o economic and technical (sports science and coaching excellence) benefits of having an Olympic level whitewater course in the city.
o There are international, national and regional events that can be attracted to Christchurch - World Cup Slalom and Wildwater Racing; Oceania Cup;
World Championships; ICF Juniors, Seniors and World Championships; NZ Nationals; South Island Secondary Schools; Canterbury Secondary Schools -
for international events the overseas teams will come to Christchurch to train for a few months
o Whitewater Slalom; Wildwater racing, with sprint events held on the course and longer races on Canterbury wild rivers; Freestyle; Fun events for
Christchurch residents; Multi-sport events; Made for TV sponsored events – “Top Town’, Weetbix etc
o increased youth participation in kayaking, but also in rowing, flat water kayaking, and in much higher competitive performance standards.
o ability to train all year round given the facilities, and attract northern hemisphere teams to New Zealand in our summer to train.
o commercial rafting operation to bring in revenue
o in a safe urban location with public transport and cycleway access will enable youth to participate in whitewater sports.
o synergies available when such outdoor activities are all in a ‘one-stop-shop’
o a draw card for the more passive recreational people – walking, dog walking, picnicking, Cafes, sports coaching, and basic infrastructure can be spread
across multiple markets. (as it was with QE2)
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 7
CCC’s Metropolitan Sports Facilities Plan in 2008 noted the development of rowing and other flat-water sports was inhibited because of constraints at Kerr’s Reach
(silting and weed build-up reducing navigable water time). The plan had as priorities to make incremental improvements to safety and river conditions at Kerr’s Reach
through education, silt and weed removal, and the development of shore facilities such as parking, lighting, access, signage and storage; and to continue to
investigate the development of a flat-water sports facility at Henderson’s Basin.
Post earthquake provision for flat-water sports
Following the Canterbury earthquakes in 2010/2011 Canterbury Rowing suggested that land zoned as residential red zone adjacent to Kerr’s Reach could be
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excavated to form a lake as an international rowing venue and water sports park of length at least 2.15km.
A 2013 report for Sport Canterbury completed by L&R New Zealand Ltd. has priorities:
As an important core requirement (Category A) to continue use of the Avon River/Ōtākaro for water sports
o including water sports such as rowing, kayaking, canoeing, waka ama, dragon boating, sailing and standup board paddling; and land based activity
such as road cycling, mountain biking, BMX as well running, walking and other recreational activity, including a possible white water course
o creating a hub for a wide variety of sport and recreation activity based at Kerr’s Reach.
o this hub would sustain significant day by day utilisation as well as hosting local, regional and national events such as BMX, criterium cycling and cross country
running.
A project considered to be a desirable use (Category B) of the Avon River corridor is the increased and enhanced on-water (ie lake or widened river) and off-
water (ie flat-water club and event ancillary facility) provision for flat-water sports including racing.
o a lake, or similar, was in Category B as it was considered dependent on flood management strategies, and subject to further assessment through a feasibility
study as well as funding priorities of the other agencies and possible funding partners.
o an in-river facility would require straightening and widening of the river in the vicinity of Kerr’s Reach
o shore facilities would be light built structures to include start / finish towers, boat storage for various rowing and kayak clubs, shared spaces including meeting
room, gym (including up to 60 ergometers), ablutions, offices and lighting
o could be an international rowing course of 2.15+km or as a smaller more training focused facility. Sports other than rowing could hold national competitions on
a lake of 1.2km in length
Appendix 8 for more detail on the history
6
see Appendix 5
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 8
Opportunities and advantages of a lake/off-river facility near Kerr’s Reach
Increased accessible water for development of flat-water sports to increase participation and membership and support high performance athletes.
Reliable and safe water conditions – and permanent lane buoys
Located within the city meaning accessible for most users
Opportunity for shared resources (ancillary provision/ event provision / and combined services and programmes)
o Shared facilities mean efficiencies in capital, renewal, maintenance and running costs
A major feature in the proposed Avon River Park
o Add to the use and vibrancy of the corridor
o On the proposed city to sea cycle and walking route.
A venue for flat-water events that could be booked for exclusive use
o Relative ease of hosting events as facilities permanent
o Accessible for spectators and supporters
o Events within the city increase exposure for sports
Challenges and disadvantages of a lake/off-river facility near Kerr’s Reach
Cost
Considered feasible only if there are benefits for flood protection and management - CCC are yet to determine this
Potential unsuitability of land and soils because of difficulty and cost of mitigating liquefaction and lateral spread in a future seismic activity
Large quantities of silt from excavation which would have low value as a construction material
Finding a suitable site:
o Length of water body in terms of an international racing venue for rowing
Rowing NZ has no formal facilities strategy
o International and national event and high performance training venue is Lake Karapiro.
o Lake Ruataniwha is the South Island national event venue.
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 9
Comparison of 2.2km lake, 1.2km lake and Avon River
International rowing requirements (2.2km long lake) will add a significant cost to what might be required for a stormwater storage facility or a more recreationally
oriented facility.
Table 1: Comparison of 2.2km lake, 1.2km lake and Avon River
2.2km lake 1.2km lake Avon River
Provides for Rowing events Other flat-water sports events Training for all flat water sports, but capacity,
Other flat-water sports events Training for all flat water sports accessibility and safety issues increasing
Training for all flat water sports
Advantages Increased accessible water Increased accessible water Will continue as training venue even if lake
Reliable and safe water conditions Reliable and safe water conditions constructed
Permanent lane buoys Permanent lane buoys Caters for longer distances (once Avondale
Bookable Bookable bridge re-opens)
Relative ease of hosting events Relative ease of hosting events Some existing facilities
Disadvantages Cost Cost Existing poor water quality
Maintaining good water quality Maintaining good water quality Water weed
Conflict with other infrastructure including major Conflict with other infrastructure Narrow
roads Likely to be separated from Kerr’s Reach Crowded
Competes with Ruataniwha and Lake Hood Competes with Lake Hood
Cost Very high High Low
Site Difficult Moderately difficult Exists
availability
Minimum size Dimensions: 2.2kmx135mx4m
2 3
135m width A = 297,000 m , V = 1,190,000 m Dimensions: 1.2kmx160mx4m
2 3
Ideal size Dimensions: 2.2kmx162mx4m A = 192,000 m , V = 768,000 m
2 3
162m width A = 356,400 m , V = 1,426,000 m
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 10Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 11
Table 2: Investigations / technical information required
Investigations / technical information required Issues Who can help with information
Strategic fit
Fit with Sport NZ facilities strategy Richard Lindsay
Fit with Rowing NZ facilities strategy Gerry Dwyer
o Describe the current arrangements in NZ for international
and national rowing events
Fit with Sport and Recreation Recovery Plan Sport Leaders Group
Fit with Christchurch City Council metro sports facilities plan CCC staff
Design
Location and orientation of lake
Describe the existing environment and its significance
Lake size and facilities
Ancillary facilities
Amenity and other facilities
ALIGN - Sam Martin, Ann Wilkins; Creative
Describe the impacts, both direct and indirect, that will occur and Intentions – Geraint (Geg) Howells
may potentially occur as a result of
o Construction of the facilities
o Use of the facilities
Detail management measures required so that potential adverse
impacts are prevented or minimised.
Likely timeframe
Social benefits
Links with other Avon corridor projects Avon Ōtākaro Network – Evan Smith
Recreation - water sports, cycling, triathlon Rowing, waka ama, kayaking, dragon
Sport hub boating, sailing, surf lifesaving, cross country,
road running, athletics, bike, triathlon
Other activities located in the area – housing, business
Consider construction effects on residents, including the transport
of material to and from the site
Economic benefits
Business opportunities
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 12Investigations / technical information required Issues Who can help with information
Business case for international standard rowing lake compared with See Appendix 6 for criteria for international Rowing NZ/Canterbury Rowing
a more recreationally oriented facility. rowing events Sport NZ/Sport Canterbury
SGL – a lifestyle, leisure and community
consulting practice http://www.sglgroup.net/
Hydrogeology ECan – Helen Shaw
ECan – Hisham Zarour
Consider both ECan – Kelly Palmer
o a completely excavated lake and
o a partially excavated and partially raised above ground
with elevated banks high enough to cope with stormwater CCC – Mike Gillooly, Graham Harrington
inflows
Is a variable depth lake feasible?
Describe the existing groundwater system and prepare a The lake will be created by excavating in to
Groundwater model the ground water table
o Determine groundwater flow direction
o Groundwater gradient
o Tidal effects on water levels
Determine the effects of the lake on the hydrogeology
o Effect of lake structure and edge treatment on groundwater
Discuss the feasibility of accepting stormwater into the lake from Initial indications from CCC are a lake near
the surrounding catchment Kerr’s Reach would not have benefits for
flood management
Is there conflict with existing and planned flood management
infrastructure
Calculate the water supply options for the lake, water losses and Evapotranspiration losses (area in m2 x
water balance 0.005m/day)
o Inflow – groundwater inflow through the base and sides of the
lake; stormwater i.e. surface flow from adjacent catchments in
high rainfall events
o Losses – evapotranspiration
o Outflows – groundwater outflow, weirs,
Evaluate the integration of whitewater course with the lake
o Does pumping for the whitewater course add benefits for
stormwater
o Would pumping help aeration of the lake
Determine the normal water level and range of water level To retain the water in the lake the ground
achievable for the lake must either be relatively impervious or self-
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 13Investigations / technical information required Issues Who can help with information
sealing or the natural ground water flow
must be constant
Discuss lining requirements for the lake
o Edge treatment – eg lining of the littoral zone (0-1.2m below
water level) required for wave attenuation
o Lower lake slopes and bottom
o How would this affect the groundwater gradients and flow?
Lake side slopes required for wave attenuation Pegasus lake has side-slopes between 1:3
and 1:5
Identify any wells, bores and natural springs in the area
Is a source of fresh water needed - capable of filling the lake and
maintaining a low flow through - to ensure water quality
o Is a supplemental flow needed to maintain levels during
competitions
Establishing and maintaining high water quality
Determining water quality to be targeted – secondary? Primary?
Determine the existing groundwater quality beneath the site
Identify the likely pollutant and nutrient inputs into the lake
Describe how surface water and groundwater quality will be
impacted by the proposal
Describe any stormwater treatment required for water entering the
lake
Calculate depth of lake required to minimise microalgae and The control of algal growth is a key issue
macroalgae (aquatic weed) growth for the lake as high algal populations lead
to discolouration and other aesthetic issues.
Pegasus lake is 5m deep for this reason
What water circulation will be required
Geotechnical information GNS
Undertake detailed soil/geology investigations over the proposal
area
o Soil composition and soil parameters
o Results for geotechnical boreholes
o Results of cone penetration tests
LiDAR
Seismic risk for the area GNS
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 14Investigations / technical information required Issues Who can help with information
Existence of natural hazards, lateral spread, liquefaction Widespread liquefaction and lateral GNS, NIWA
spreading potential for the area exists
What mitigation of liquefaction and lateral spread would be required
Provide a map and description of the HAIL sites registered in the Davina McNickel, ECan
LLUR
o Assess the risk from these sites
o Describe he site investigations required at these sites
o Describe mitigation options for sites where contamination is
confirmed
Options of methods of excavation
Use and value of silt /soil extracted
Meteorological
Wind direction
Wind strength
Wind mitigation
Infrastructure
Potential conflict with existing and planned infrastructure CCC, SCIRT
Biodiversity/Landscaping
Map and describe existing vegetation and biodiversity values Lincoln University
Develop a landscape plan for the area including areas for amenity
and biodiversity outcomes
Rationalise planting for amenity and biodiversity with the
requirement that: “The course must be sheltered from wind as far
as possible. If not, there must be no natural or artificial obstacles
(such as woods, buildings, structures) in the immediate
neighbourhood of the course which might cause unequal
conditions on the water.”
Identify any weeds and pests which may cause adverse impacts on
the proposal
Describe what management measures would be required to
prevent or mitigate the impacts of weeds and pests during the
construction and operation of the facility
o eg how water fowl will be managed to minimise bacterial
contamination of the water
o eg egeria at Kerr’s Reach – risk of spread into the lake
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 15Investigations / technical information required Issues Who can help with information Determine the potential for increasing habitat and breeding grounds for nuisance mosquito and midge populations Increased bird-strike risk for aircraft because of the lake? Archaeological and cultural Wahi tapu or wahi taonga which may be impacted NZHPT, Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu Detail any permits required which Sites of European significance which may be impacted Legislation and regulation Describe the relevant statutory documents Resource consents required by Environment Canterbury Resource consents required by Christchurch City Council Likely conditions on consents Environmental management and maintenance Management Plans required for compliance with the consents Costs - Capital cost, ongoing operational costs Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 16
ALIGN has done some preparatory design work for a water sports park Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 17
As has the Avon Ōtākaro network:
2.25kmx250m 1.25kmx250m
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 18Appendix 1: Christchurch West Melton Zone Committee recommendations and NERP projects
Chapter Name Aspect Action Other Groups Resp Date ZIP Due Year NERP NERP specifics Zone
Date Project Committee (Z)
# or NERP
implementation
(N)
4.2 Recreation & RR1 Waterway (a) Investigate; (b) develop a co-ordinated To be identified, 3 yrs Jun 2016 2016 13 Promote and advertise N
Relaxation corridors programme to CCC, ECan, Local, currently available
Recommendation provide for Community, facilities; maintain and
1.7 multiple develop international standard flat-water Groups, Mana develop recreation
recreation, and white-water courses, taking into whenua corridors, networks and
relaxation and account: facilities; provide for
amenity uses. passive recreation, visual
· Potential for these facilities to benefit: amenity and community
wellbeing during rebuild.
o native biodiversity Support repair and
development of a
o stormwater management network of walking
paths, cycling and
o flood management mountain bike tracks and
other recreation
o other recreation and relaxation activities facilities. Provide access
for people with
· Preference for new artificial lakes over disabilities. Consider
modification of existing waterways establishment of water
sports areas alongside
· Accessibility of potential locations to the Avon River/Ōtākaro.
encourage participation by younger age
groups
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 19Appendix 2: Final Issues and Options Paper, 20 December 2011
Relevant extracts from Places and Spaces for Sport and Recreation in Greater Christchurch: Final Issues and Options Paper, 20 December 2011
Venue for Flat Water Sports
Kerr’s Reach on the Avon River has been the home for flat water sports. Pre-earthquake it had become overcrowded and had on-going problems with weed
growth. Post-earthquake the River is usable but shore facilities are damaged and the riverbed has been elevated. Most rowing activity has relocated to the
Kaiapoi River and the lower reaches of the Waimakariri River.
Planning for a new flat water course for rowing, kayaking, waka ama and dragon boat for training and competitions has been underway for more than five
years and was recognised in the Metropolitan Sports Facilities Plan.
Lake Ruataniwha has extensive event infrastructure in place and is the venue within the Canterbury region used for national events. The national high
performance centre and an international rowing course have been established for some years at Lake Karapiro in the Waikato. A Christchurch option would
create a facility to meet the current and future demand from rowing and other water sports for a safe training facility. The water area required to meet training
demand will also accommodate a competition course.
Several locations have been identified to date including:
Assist with facilities to safely access the Waimakariri River as a transitional measure until a long term solution can be delivered
Excavation of a course at Kerr’s Reach including use of land designated as red zone and protect one site for combined shore facilities for rowing and
kayak. The viability of development of shore facilities will need to be determined regarding land stability and access to services such as water, wastewater
and power within a red zone area. This option would require the support of Central Government, Ngai Tahu and others. It has the advantages of being
located within the city meaning a shorter commute for most users and becoming a major feature in the proposed Avon River Park on the City to Surf cycle
and walking route.
Excavation of a course at a new dry land location. This is likely to be on the outer fringe of the city and will need to be well clear of airport flight paths.
Location is as yet unknown. Likely to be a longer commute for users.
A saltwater location option similar to other centres such as Wellington Harbour, Nelson Haven and Otago Harbour. Primarily a training venue located in
Lyttelton Harbour where there is navigable water at all tide times. Could be co-located with yachting and waka ama facilities. Longer commute for users
than Kerr’s Reach but relatively direct via the Lyttelton Tunnel. This is the least preferred location across the country for flat water sports. Windows of
opportunity to participate are far less due to wind, wave height and tides, while the corrosive nature of salt water provides increased maintenance time
and costs. Access after school for school kids on bikes is also essential.
Lake Crighton is approximately 6 km south east of Dunsandel in the Selwyn District is also a possible location for a flat water course. This option would
need to be explored further before it would be included or discounted from final options.
Any of these options would potentially provide a suitable course to host triathlons of all lengths
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 20Report Table 25. Rowing
Regional Participation Active New Zealand data does not allow for comparison between Canterbury and national participation.
(Greater Christchurch Regional profile – indicates possibly 10% over 34 years, 55% female
membership) Smaller membership (Under 1,000); small regional increase ’07-’10
School representation only – small (under 1,000)
National Adult Participation Not ranked by ACTIVE NZ
(SPARC ACTIVE NZ Survey) National profile not available
Membership growth plans / Prior to the earthquake, waterways were at capacity (i.e. capping was in place) indicating participation in part was driven more by supply
projections than demand
Pre-earthquake there was a projected decrease in the number of young people (0-14 years) in Greater Christchurch area.
RSO membership data indicates currently around 80% of rowing members are juniors. A decline in membership of young people in the
sport in the medium term is likely to have implications for senior and masters membership in the long term
National Facility Strategy No formal facilities strategy but international and national event and HP training venue at Lake Karapiro. Lake Ruataniwha is South Island
national event venue.
Pre-EQ supply and demand for Waterways, particularly Kerr’s Reach were at capacity indicating participation in part was driven more by available space than demand to
places and spaces participate
Impact of EQ on network Almost all shore facilities at Kerr’s Reach are a total loss. Clubrooms damaged. Some temporary accommodation organised until long
closed indefinitely term plans are determined
Avon River un-rowable due to temporary sewer discharge and river bed elevation.
temporary Pressure on use of the Waimakariri and Kaiapoi Rivers.
Development plans / aspirations Pre-EQ had been seeking a new flat water course in the Christchurch area.
/ opportunities for places and Desire a facility that can be developed for national/ international event, which would include accommodation. The flat water facility would
spaces need:
2.15km straight course, plus an assembly area and ideally protected/separated return traffic lane (for safety)
depth of 4m (would cut out weed growth, while the fill could be used in reclamation process of red zone land
8-10 lanes (135m - 162m wide) would mean all sports (rowing, kayaking, dragon boating, waka ama) are catered for, 6 lanes is
minimum (108m wide) would mean nationals could not be held
year round training requirement for rowing to remain a leading rowing region.
lighting of course would enable safer use during hours of darkness to optimise use for evening and early morning especially in winter.
shore facilities would be light built structures to include start / finish towers, boat storage for various rowing and kayak clubs, shared
spaces including meeting room, gym (including up to 60 ergometers), ablutions and offices.
bike path alongside course for use by coaches.
Continued use of Avon River. Rebuild facilities at the Avon or adjacent to another purpose-built facility elsewhere (on strengthened land at
Kerr’s Reach). Develop basics for training and high performance – then add infrastructure.
International/National/Regional 8 lane course at Kerr’s Reach
event venue
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 21Main High Performance training Kerr’s Reach venue Regional administration venue Kerr’s Reach Preferred network composition Single main hub Discounted options Henderson’s Basin, Lake Isaac, Saltwater course, Waimakariri River, Kaiapoi River, Lake Crighton Commence development in 0-3 Provision of facilities to enable safe access to the Waimakariri River for rowing yrs Commence development in 4-10 Establishment of rowing course by forming an inner city lake in red-zone area by Kerr’s Reach and development of related shore facilities yrs Shared use Kayaking / canoeing, Dragon Boating, Waka ama Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 22
Appendix 3: Sport and Recreation People Places and Spaces Plan February 2013
Sport and Recreation People Places and Spaces Plan was completed in February 2013. It includes the following:
‘A lake may have merit but at this point not enough work has been done and the needs of other users beyond rowing including the community will need to be
taken into account.’
‘Any such facility would come from other needs, eg. flood management.’
Table 2 Priority Development Projects
Years 1-3 Flat water course for training and shore facilities Re-develop training course at Kerr’s Reach. Light construction shore shared facilities.
Floodlights to increase useable hours. Explore club cooperation on shared facilities
5.5 Avon Sport and Recreation Hub
Kerr’s Reach on the Avon River has been the traditional home for flat water sports in Greater Christchurch. Alongside the river there has been extensive use
for recreation including walking, cycling and running. This area provides a unique and potentially world leading opportunity to develop a hub for a wide variety
of sport and recreation activity. This includes water sports such as rowing, kayaking, waka ama and dragon boating to land based activity such as road
cycling, mountain biking, BMX as well running and other recreational activity. This hub would sustain significant day by day utilisation as well as hosting local,
regional and national events such as BMX, criterium cycling and cross country running.
Sport Canterbury has contracted a planner to undertake a study with the many and varied user groups who could benefit from a hub around the Avon
Corridor. This will inform a planning process to design a potential east side sport and recreation hub. The opportunities that exist in this area are huge and
require significant consideration by decision makers and investors.
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 23Appendix 4: L&R New Zealand Ltd report
Sport Canterbury contracted (Principal, Jackie Fanning) to identify and assess the potential requirements and opportunities for sport, recreation and physical
7
activity provision along the Avon/Ōtākaro River Corridor. This report was released in April 2013 .
Category A: Considered an Strongly Potential for Advantages / Disadvantages
important core requirement for Supported by: sport
sport/recreation & physical /recreation
activity replacement or new (i.e. hub or precinct
no pre-existing).
Sections Off-water Consultation Yes Opportunities/Advantages
6.2 provision to Relevant Replace and improve necessary ancillary provision
7.2.2 support flat- governing body Opportunity for shared ‘hub’ provision (off-water)
7.2.4 water sport Strategic Opportunity to introduce more equitable provision between the flat-water sports
7.4.2 club/formal context Challenges/Disadvantages/Inhibitor
training (eg This study Replacing ancillary provision (especially if in one location) without increasing surface water area will not alleviate
shared ancillary pre EQs challenges of accessibility, accessibility and safety
club facility/ies) Cost – to provide ancillary facilities and to remediate river which is important for flat-water training use
as well as sections of narrower river to flush sediment, if below Kerr’s Reach, may make flat-water use more difficult ie width
remediate river required for rowers and for flat-water users to pass each other
Sections River access for Consultation No Opportunities/Advantages
6.2 recreational Relevant Distributes flat-water use along river, therefore encouraging recreational use away from proposed flat-water sports
7.2.2 /informal flat- governing body ‘hub’
7.4.4 water use Strategic Provides neighbourhood access
context Potential to have a concentration of recreational flat-water use at Owles Terrace (and possibly a commercial
This study venture) utilising the wider river in this area/estuary and wetlands
Encouraging another active mode of transport between the city and the east
Challenges/Disadvantages/Inhibitor:
Need for river weed control along length of river
Cost of providing and maintaining a number of access points
Cost of enhancing Owles Terrace area
Category B: Considered to be a Identified as worth Potential to be Advantages / Disadvantages
desirable use of the Avon River further in a sport /
Corridor. Potential additional consideration but recreation hub
facilities/activity or extension of subject to funding or precinct
facilities identified in Category A. and / or other
criteria.
Sections Increased and In Category B as Yes Opportunities/Advantages
6.2 enhanced on- subject to flood Flat-water events within the city – relative ease of hosting / and accessible for spectators and supporters
7.2.2 water (ie lake or management Adds to the use and therefore vibrancy of the corridor (as well as increased exposure for sports)
7.2.4 widened river) strategies. Increased accessible water for development of flat-water sports to increase participation and membership and
7
L&R New Zealand Ltd (2013). Identification of community sport, recreation and physical activity requirements and aspirations for the Avon river corridor,
Christchurch: Consultations and preliminary planning report. Prepared for Sport Canterbury. April 2013
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 247.2.6 and off-water (ie Subject to further support high performance athletes.
7.4.2 flat-water club assessment Reliable and safe water conditions – and permanent lane buoys
and event through a Opportunity for shared resources (ancillary provision/ event provision / and combined services and programmes)
ancillary facility) feasibility study as Shared facilities = efficiencies in capital, renewal, maintenance and running costs
provision for flat- well as funding Booking capacity
water sports incl. priorities of the Challenges/Disadvantages/Inhibitor
racing. other agencies Cost
and possible CCC is yet to establish if there is need for an increased body of water re flood protection and management
funding partners. Potential unsuitability of land and soils re cost of mitigating liquefaction and lateral spread if future seismic activity
Length of water body in terms of a racing venue for rowing
6.2 Provision for Flat Water Sports (including Standup Paddle Boarding), White-water Canoeing and Wind Sports
The Ōtākaro/Avon River since Maori settlement has been an important body of water since the time of Maori settlement. Since the post-colonial era rowing
has had a long post-colonial history on the river. In more recent times, Kerr’s Reach has been the focal point for a number of flat-water sports with a second
area of flat-water activities at Owles Terrace.
A. Alternative venues for flat-water and wind sports training are not ideal for all users e.g. teaching children/school groups (because tidal conditions
cause timetabling constraints, the variable water conditions and the need to travel a distance from the city) or for boats that are only suitable for flat-water
conditions.
Some of the flat water sports and/or clubs/individuals such as waka ama and canoeing/multisport who have transferred some of their use to Lyttelton
Harbour have recognised the benefits of the harbour for non-beginners and endurance training – and are likely to continue this in the long-term.
However, the Avon River/Ōtākaro is the home of a number of flat-water sports clubs and has the advantage over the harbour for club activities where
participants are less able to travel and for winter week training (due to its potential as a well-lit hub of flat-water activity and being a confined area that is
not a great distance from shore activity.)
B. There is a high demand for flat-water provision within the city shown by the congestion on the Avon/Ōtākaro pre-earthquakes. A detailed
assessment of water capacity required meeting latent demand pre-earthquakes and the post-earthquake situation is beyond the scope of this initial study.
However, it is recognised that water demand pre-earthquakes was beyond the capacity of the Avon River/Ōtākaro at peak times and to a level where
accessibility, safety and enjoyment for water users was regularly compromised.
The lack of capacity of the Avon/Ōtākaro pre earthquakes inhibited the potential growth of the sports and the distance of alternative venues post
earthquake continues to do so (ie clubs not fully capitalising on increasing participation and potential membership such as through school programmes).
As with all other sports wanting to be accommodated in a redeveloped Avon River Corridor, the benefits of this location include the proximity to the city,
hence accessibility for participants (including public transport links or walking or cycling there), and exposure of the sports to other users of the corridor.
There are also benefits of having a hub of flat-water activity and provision within the city, which is discussed in Section 7.
C. Post earthquake flood protection and management will be a significant function of a redeveloped Avon River Corridor. The CCC is responsible
for flood management and mitigation and is currently developing a Stormwater Management Plan for the Avon River/Ōtākaro as well as a Land Drainage
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 25Recovery programme for greater Christchurch. The outcomes of this planning will have a significant impact on the river. There is willingness by the CCC
to consider the benefits of flood management for flat-water sports
D. The Avon River/Ōtākaro will likely continue to be a popular venue for endurance training, even if a lake is developed, as users can travel any
distance without the need to turn around.
Future provision to support flat-water training on the Avon River/Ōtākaro involves adequate access to the water from facilities, proximity of boat storage
and ancillary facilities, lighting (as there is a significant amount of night training through winter), river width and depth back to at least pre-earthquake
conditions, river weed control, and safety considerations on and off the water e.g. visual connection from tracks to river and the use by many people of
the ancillary facilities and surrounds.
The narrowing of sections of the Avon River/Ōtākaro has been stated as a possible strategy to improve flow rates and thus flushing of sediment –
although this strategy may be only relevant to the upper Avon River/Ōtākaro (ie upstream of Fitzgerald Ave). Flat-water considerations of such a strategy
should consider locations and length of narrower areas, the width of rowing boats and the ability of flat-water uses to pass each other.
E. The most significant challenges the Avon presented for flat-water use (prior to earthquake damage) was capacity, accessibility and safety. This
was concentrated around Kerr’s Reach (the base of rowing and canoeing) and immediately downstream.
Increased water surface through flood management strategies would transfer some use off the Avon River/Ōtākaro (especially if there are incentives such
as exclusive use through lane booking). Encouraging casual use access at other areas of the river will also assist with reducing congestion as will the
continued use of Lyttelton Harbour by some. However, many flat-water sports/clubs want to continue to use the Avon River/Ōtākaro for long-
distance/endurance and non-structured training. Given the above, even with increased water, overcrowding on the Avon River /Ōtākaro could possibly
still occur at times but is likely to be less than the pre-earthquakes situation.
The development of a shred ancillary facility for flat-water clubs at Kerr’s Reach (or at another site) without increasing surface water would place further
pressure (relative to pre-earthquake situation) on capacity, accessibility and on-water safety.
F. All sporting codes, wind sports and white-water canoeing want to increase participation and increase and retain membership. Provided that the
sporting codes create sufficient opportunities (as they have all indicated – through school programmes and encouraging new users)), a greater water
capacity in an accessible location will facilitate this.
For flat-water sports a less congested Avon River/Ōtākaro will improve the training environment for athletes and may encourage them to progress in their
sport. In addition, having high performance training around younger participants (i.e. as role models), as well as hosting regular club and inter-club
competitions and regional events, will help gain and maintain people’s interest in the sports.
Teaching young children to sail in a safe environment (including the Yachting NZ ‘Sailing Have a Go’ programme) is also a potential use of increased
water surface. There is also a possibility of specialised sailing events and sailing sprint events making use of a water body. The feasibility of sailing use
requires further investigation and needs to consider other sailing facility planning currently occurring in Christchurch.
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 26Within and between these sporting codes, the more boats on the water at a given time is beneficial in terms of the social aspect of the sport – which for
many is a big reason for participating.
G. The requirement for flood management strategies may provide an opportunity to have an event venue for most flat-water sports – including some
wind sports and new water-sports such as standup paddle boarding.
The infrequent use of the river for competitions and events is because it is narrow and does not have an adequate straight and wide stretch of river. The
logistics of hosting an event are also difficult given all the other users on the river and the inability to or difficulty of booking the area around Kerr’s Reach.
The ability to host flat-water competitions and events in a Christchurch city location that is participant, spectator and supporter friendly (including proximity
to the airport) and in a visible location – will help increase event participation and profile, as well as adding to the vibrancy of the corridor and the city.
Reducing the difficulty of hosting events and the costs involved in running an event (e.g. no need to transport boats and event equipment) will also make
events more feasible and affordable for organisers and participants (e.g. compared to Lake Hood or Lake Ruataniwha). All of the water sports consulted
have a desire to increase the number of local and regional competitions they run as well as hosting higher-level competitions.
H. A 1.15+km water body is an adequate event venue for all flat-water sports except rowing. The sharing of a water body suitable as a race venue (as
well as for structured training and for beginners) strengthens the justification for necessary ancillary facilities.
CanoeNZ have stated there is no obvious water body in New Zealand for a national performance centre and would consider Christchurch as a possible
location (also considering Rotorua and Auckland) – but would not have a base at Lake Ruataniwha.
The Ngā Kaihoe o Aotearoa (the Waka Ama national body) supports the drive to grow Waka Ama in the South Island.
The Aoraki Dragon Boat Association Inc. sometimes hosts the national competition in Christchurch and expects more teams from the North Island to
compete if the event is in an accessible location.
The dimensions and positioning of a water body for wind sports requires further investigation, however a 1.15km length is considered useable. The length
of a race course for Standup Paddle Boarding has not yet been confirmed, however, sprint racing could occur on a 1.15km length.
I. The width of a water body for event use of 8-10 lanes (135 – 162m wide) and would mean all flat-water sports (rowing, canoeing, dragon boating, waka
ama) are catered for. A started above, the width of a water body for wind sports requires further investigation.
J. Canterbury Rowing would like a 2.15+km racing water body within the Avon River Corridor. However, the key provision for rowing in Christchurch
is as a training venue, and therefore requiring a water body greater than a 2.15km race distance. The lack of adequate training provision in the city means
Christchurch loses high performance athletes to other centres with better training facilities. As a Regional Performance Centre, Christchurch is an
important regional sporting pathway tier for high performance athletes. The benefit of Christchurch as a location for high performance training is that it is
close to where athletes and coaches live; there is off-water training provision, and the proximity of tertiary education institutions (where athletes can
study) and the regional Centre of Excellence
Resource document, Flat Water Sports Facility, Chrissie Williams, 21 May 2014 Page 27K. Lake Ruataniwha is an excellent venue with purpose-built ancillary facilities. Lake Ruataniwha is the main South Island rowing racing venue for
South Island and national competitions. Canoeing also hold their annual South Island competition in conjunction with the rowing regatta.
Although travel to Twizel from Christchurch (for both Christchurch rowers and other teams flying into Christchurch) is not ideal – Rowing NZ have stated
that it is not a deterrent for rowing teams competing in the bigger competitions. The Arawa Canoe Club state that North Island paddlers are put off by the
distance to travel (including needing to bring their own boats). For sporting codes such as waka ama and dragon boating the requirement to get enough
boats to Twizel to run an event makes it unfeasible.
L. Lake Ruataniwha as the South Island rowing racing venue may become redundant if a 2km+ race venue is built in Christchurch. If this were the
situation, then the two biggest rowing events in New Zealand – the NZ Rowing Championships and the Maadi Cup (both held every second and alternate
year at Lake Ruataniwha) - would likely transfer to Christchurch.
M. Lake Hood in Ashburton also has adequate on-water rowing racing provision but lacks ancillary facilities and power. The 100km travel from
Christchurch with boat is not ideal and likely to be a deterrent for some teams competing in city competitions. Plus, it is relatively difficult to host regular
small and larger competitions outside the city. This site does, however, function as an adequate race venue.
N. The Waimakariri River was the event venue for the 2007 New Zealand University Shield and Tamaki Cup races (the Men’s and Women’s
Championship Eights). This venue is approximately 30 minutes from central Christchurch and is a good on-water rowing venue – although it has a river
current making it difficult to place racing lane buoys.
O. A 2.15+km water body in Christchurch is only necessary as a rowing race venue for competitions and race practice on a correct course length. That
is, the need for an additional 1km racecourse is only for the purpose of holding rowing events in Christchurch.
Some local interclub rowing racing did occur on the Avon River pre-earthquakes, and given this it is likely that any enhancement of provision will be to at
least pre-earthquake river conditions such use will be able to continue.
P. However, upon further investigation it may be identified that a 2.15km+ additional water body within the city would be well supported with
training and competition use. As stated previously, a detailed assessment of water capacity is required to meet pre-earthquakes demand and latent
demand and the post-earthquake situation is beyond the scope of this initial study. However, given that enhanced flat-water provision will only be a reality
as a secondary function of flood management – then a 1km+ water body would be considered ideal provision for all flat-water sports except as a racing
and race practice venue for rowing.
Q. There is a benefit to the sharing of ancillary facilities within the flat-water sports and other water sport use). This is discussed in Section 7.2.2.
R. The enhancement of Owles Terrace Reserve for flat-water recreational use is a location worth further consideration. Due to the possibility of enhanced
wetlands and the width of the Avon River/Ōtākaro in this area, as well as the proximity of the Avon Heathcote Estuary/Ihutai, there is scope for this to be a
focal area for recreational flat-water activity.
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