HELLENISM IN THE WORLD - A Survey Across Five Continents Key findings
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HELLENISM IN THE WORLD
A Survey Across Five Continents
Key findings
Washington DC
29 March 2018
with the support ofHELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
The Survey
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Survey Details | Design
62. All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days? Please answer on a
scale from 1 to 9, where 1 means "Not at all satisfied" and 9 means "Very satisfied"
Not at all 9 = Very
satisfied = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 satisfied DK/NA
§ Questionnaire: designed in
63. How optimistic would you say you are about your future?
collaboration with CHS DC & a Very Not at all
selected group of 40 leaders in Somewhat DK/NA
Athens (2016) A little
64. In your country of residence, you are a Greek of...:
§ Questions: 200 in Greek, English, 1st generation - you are the first member of your family (or
among the first) that moved out of Greece
More than 4 generations
German, Spanish, French 2nd generation - your parents moved out of Greece
I only live here for a certain period of time and will move back
to Greece as soon as it is over
3rd generation - your grandparents moved out of Greece DK/NA
§ Implementation: 2 stages (Summer 4th generation - your great grandparents moved out of
Greece
2016; March 2017 – March 2018) 65. When did you (or your parents/grandparents) leave Greece to move to another country?
In the years between 2010-2017 In the 1960s
In the 2000s In the 1950s
In the 1990s Before 1950
In the 1980s DK/NA
In the 1970s
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Survey Details | Sample
§ Greece: Total = 4,000 ; 1st stage = 2,164 – 2nd stage = 1,826
§ Diaspora: Total = 8,000 ; 1st stage = 897 – 2nd stage = 7,103 (persons of Greek descent)
0 10 20 30 40
United States 37
Australia 12
Canada 9
Germany 9
United Kingdom 7
Belgium 3
Netherlands 3
France 2
Sweden 2
Italy 2
Cyprus 2
Switzerland 2
Romania 2
Russia 1
Spain 1
China 1
UAE 1
Other countries 4
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Survey Details | Data collection
Sources for diaspora sampling design
– 2008 Global Survey of Hellenism
– Administrative data on citizenship status
– Oversampling of countries/cities with presence of Hellenic communities & associations
Data collection methods
Telephone
Skype
Online panel
1,995 Hellenic communities & associations around the world
Social media campaigns
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Survey Details | Diaspora sample residence status
Country of birth Citizenship Period of migration
0 20 40
Non-Greek Between 2010-
Other 2017
32
33
countries
45
Greece
In the 2000s 8
55 Greek
65
In the 1990s 7
In the 1980s 6
Years in the country of residence
In the 1970s 9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Less than a year 4 In the 1960s 12
1-3 years 12
In the 1950s 9
4-10 years 22
Before 1950 13
More than 10 years 61
DK/NA 1 DK/NA 4
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
Today’s presentation
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
Who are the Greeks of Diaspora?
What unites Greeks around the world?
Which ‘words’ define Hellenism today?
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
Who are the Greeks of Diaspora?
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Socio-economic indicators
78% employment rate
Perceived income status Socio-economic class
Enough to live well and save 34
64
Lower/working 25
Covers for all needs 30
Middle 42
Covers only for the necessary 22
Not enough even for the Upper 33
necessary
7
Life satisfaction (1-9)
Mean 6.8 25 22 19
84%
9 12 Optimistic about their future
2 4 5
1
Not at all 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = Very
satisfied = satisfied
1
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Technology literacy
87% Internet access
Ways to get the news
Online activity
(… most often)
Several times a day 92 Smartphone 62
About once a day 6 PC 19
A few times a week 1 Tablet 11
A few times a month 1 Traditional media (TV,
8
Print, Radio)
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Faith
USA
Do you personally believe in God? Yes 66 77
Not
9 8
sure
No 25 15
USA
To what extent would you say that A lot 26 34
Christian Orthodoxy defines your
identity? Somewhat 26 72 27 80
A little 20 19
Not at all 27 18
DK / NA 1 2
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Church
USA
Church attendance At least once a week 5 9
12 19
1-3 times per month 7 10
Less often 28
Only on major holidays,
weddings, baptisms or funerals
37
Never 22
Areas where the Greek Orthodox Church Maintaining the Greek
Orthodox faith
43
has the most positive impact in the lives of
Greeks of Diaspora:
(2 choices) Maintaining the Greek
identity
25
Bringing Greeks together
(socialization)
24
Preservation of the Greek
language
21
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Ideology (1/2)
LEFT – RIGHT SCALE (1 = Left, 9 = Right) Stance on Globalization
24 Greece
Means
Diaspora 5.3 Positive 47 39
12 11
9 10 10 10
6 5 USA 5.6
3 Negative 42 50
2010-2017 4.9
1 = Left 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = RightDK/NA
What are the most serious problems
LIBERAL – CONSERVATIVE SCALE (1 = Liberal, 9 = Conservative) Greece faces today?
Greece Before 2010
27 1. Economy 42% 1. Economy 53%
Means
2. Unemployment 42% 2. Unemployment 39%
3. Political system 34% 3. Corruption 34%
Diaspora 4.1 4. Political system 31%
4. Corruption 29%
12 11 12
9 10 USA 4.5 2010 - 2017
6 6 6 1. Mentality in Greece 45%
1 2010-2017 3.4 2. Political system 43%
3. Corruption 38%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DK/NA 4. Unemployment 32%
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Ideology (2/3)
Which of the following POLITICAL AND SOCIAL Which of the following TRADITIONAL VALUES Finally, which of the following ECONOMIC
VALUES you would like to see strengthened in the you would like to see strengthened in the CONCEPTS you would like to strengthen in
coming years? coming years? the coming years?
0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80
Up to 2 answers Up to 2 answers Up to 2 answers
Justice 64
Productivity 46
Family 58
Innovation 38
Democracy 42
Entrepreneurship 35
Solidarity 27 Nation 44
Free markets 23
Equality 21
Balanced budgets 15
Traditions -
Tolerance 12 35
customs Competition 11
Consensus 9 Wealth 10
Religious faith 19
State control of the
Friendship 7 economy 8
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018Greeks of Diaspora | Ideology (3/3)
Countries’ and international institutions’ popularity Change compared to 2008
Positive Negative DK/NA
USA Germany EU NATO
Canada 88 7
Australia 88 7
74
Italy 80 15
France 72 25 65 62
United Nations (UN) 64 35 60
57
European Union 62 37
NATO 60 37 41 41
United States 57 40
31
United Kingdom 50 45
China 49 42 2008 2018
India 48 40
Russia 47 49 Among Greek-Americans
Germany 41 57
84% positive views of the USA as a country
Israel 41 50
UAE 27 64
>75% trust in the American institutions:
Iran 21 69
Education system, Military, Public services,
Saudi Arabia 14 79 Healthcare system, Business, the Justice system
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
What unites Greeks around the world?
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | National pride
Yes, this expresses my view
“I am proud to be Greek” 82
68%
Identify themselves first as
Greek and then as a
national of their country of
What feeling does the word “Greek” (for a person) bring you? residence
Pride 62 73%
would support the Greek
Hope 7 national team in a hypothetical
soccer/basketball game
Responsibility 10
against the national team of
Indifference 4
their country of residence
Disappointment 11
Yes, this expresses my view
It is a burden on me 2 “I have a deeper sense
that I belong to 85
Anger 3 Hellenism”
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | National pride
Of which important achievement/s of Hellenism do you feel GREECE vs. COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE in various areas:
more proud? Base: Diaspora Greeks with Greek citizenship
The inception and establishment of Greece superior to country of residence
Democracy
64
The establishment of the Olympic Cultural heritage - History 82 13 3
Games
38
Achievements in Arts and Sciences 32 Climate - Natural environment
79 17 4
(sun, sea, clean air, etc.)
The Greek independence
revolution of 1821 and the …
29
Domestic tourism destinations 70 20 8
The national resistance of 1940
during World War II
26
Geographical location -
Alexander the Great and his 58 23 16
22 geopolitical importance
victories
Its historical battles (Leonidas’ 300,
Battle of Marathon etc.)
17 Lifestyle 51 22 24
65% 48%
say that their Greek say that their Greek
descent has had a descent has had a
positive effect on their positive effect on their
social life professional career
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Language
69% believe that speaking Greek is a key factor for maintaining
their Greek identity
64% speak Greek every day or very often (42% among those
without Greek citizenship)
55% of parents say that their children speak Greek very well
or quite well
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Family (1/2)
What do you miss the most about Greece? 72% of those who have been
to Greece, have done so to visit
relatives
Family 46.0
61% of diaspora families own
Weather (sunshine, high
temperatures)
32.0 property in Greece
Summertime 32.0 77% of parents have
given all their children Greek
names (62% among those without
Friends 19.0
Greek citizenship)
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Family (2/2)
Among parents
71% 68%
have familiarized their children with the read/tell them Greek myths
Greek customs and traditions
Have you ever read or been taught any GREEK TRAGEDY? If so, please When you were a child, did your parents or other relatives tell/read you
name one tragic hero that comes to mind first: GREEK MYTHS? If so, what was your favorite myth?
Yes, the hero that No
comes to mind first 15 No
is…: Yes, my 22
49 favorite myth
was…:
39
Antigone,
Oedipus, The labors of
Iphigeneia, Yes, but I Hercules,
Odysseus, cannot Yes, but I had no
The myths Aesop,
Orestis, remember favorite one
Odyssey,
Medea, any names 39
Theseus,
Prometheus, etc. of heroes
Trojan war,
36
Argonautic
campaign, etc.
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Orthodox faith
62% among couples got married in an Orthodox
church, either in Greece (34%) or in their country of residence
(28%) – 57% among those without Greek citizenship
“Greeks of Diaspora are closely connected with the Church”
59
35
31
30 28
25
20 18
15
15
10 8
5
0
Agree Rather agree Rather disagree Disagree DK / NA
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Communications & Technology
Do you keep in touch with Greeks living in Greece? How do you usually communicate with people in Greece?
No
Social media 64
11
Via regular phone calling,
landline or cellular phone
49
Skype 43
Email 34
Yes Viber 33
89
Whatsapp 28
FaceTime 19
69% 52%
iMessage 14
get informed about visit Greece at least once
current events in Greece a year - only 14% of those Via regular post 6
almost every day without Greek citizenship
have never visited
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Greek cuisine
What they cook and/or eat Ingredients they have in their kitchen
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Greek salad 65 Olive oil 80
Tzatziki 52 Feta cheese 49
Pies (spinach, cheese etc.) 51
Oregano 47
Pasticcio 50
Lentils 50 Honey 33
Gemista (Stuffed Vegetables) 49 Yogurt 32
Chicken 49 Greek coffee 13
Fish 45 Herbs and spices 8
Meatballs 44
Mountain tea 7
Moussaka 42
Lamb or goat 40 Nescafe 7
Spaghetti 39 Orzo (“kritharaki”) 4
Bean soup 39 Frumenty (“trachana”) 3
Souvlaki 38
Greek noodles (“hilopites”) 2
Red Sauce Braised Meat 37
Jam (“gliko tou koutaliou”) 1
Steak 33
Beans 33 Pickled vegetables 1
Dolmadakia 32 Greek chocolate 1
Spanakorizo (Spinach rice) 31 Semolina (“Simigdali”) 1
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What unites Hellenism | Greece in crisis
65% feel disappointment and
79% feel close to Greece today concern about the current
situation in Greece
Yes, this expresses my view No, it does not express my view DK/NA
“I feel responsible of helping Greeks in
need, wherever they are”
73 20 7
70% have a positive opinion of Greece as a country
– while only 47% of residents of Greece do so
24% support their family in Greece financially
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
Which ‘words’ define Hellenism today?
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Words
What are the first three words that come to mind when you think of Greece?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Family 36
Sea 28
Home country 26
Vacations 19
Sun 17
Corruption 16
Civilization 16
Nostalgia 14
Religion 13
Friends 12
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Historical figures
In your view, who are the three most important Greeks of all time?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Alexander the Great 39
Aristotle 27
Socrates 26
Plato 17
Theodoros Kolokotronis 13
Hippocrates 13
Homer 13
Ioannis Kapodistrias 11
Eleftherios Venizelos 10
Leonidas 8
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Mythical figures
When you think of Greece, which MYTHICAL FIGURE comes to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Zeus 51
Athena 49
Odysseus 42
Hercules 34
Achilles 23
Poseidon 17
Aphrodite 15
Apollo 12
Dionysus 7
Helen of Troy 6
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Philosophers
When you think of Greece, which ANCIENT PHILOSOPHER comes to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Socrates 71
Aristotle 68
Plato 56
Homer 24
Pythagoras 15
Archimedes 9
Sophocles 9
Epicurus 5
Democritus 5
Heraclitus 5
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Monuments
When you think of Greece, which MONUMENT comes to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Parthenon 89
Ancient Olympia 37
Delphi archaeological site 34
Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus 22
Knossos 20
Meteora 17
Vergina 16
Temple of Poseidon -Sounio 14
Mycenae 9
Odeon of Herod Atticus (Herodeon) 6
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Cities
When you think of Greece, which CITIES come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Athens 93
Thessaloniki 70
Nafplio 26
Chania 21
Sparta 20
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Islands
When you think of Greece, which GREEK ISLANDS come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Crete 55
Santorini 52
Corfu 35
Mykonos 32
Rhodes 22
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Sacred figures
When you think of Greece, which HOLY OR SACRED PERSONS OF ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY
come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Virgin Mary 61
Jesus Christ 49
Saint George 27
Saint Nikolaos 25
Saint Dimitrios 24
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Artists, Writers & Poets
When you think of Greece, which GREEK ARTISTS
(singers, painters, composers, writers, etc.) come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Mikis Theodorakis 45
Manos Hadjidakis 44
Nikos Kazantzakis 33
Constantine Cavafy 32
George Seferis 18
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Political leaders
Name up to five GREEK POLITICIANS of modern history you consider important:
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Eleftherios Venizelos 61
Konstantinos Karamanlis 46
Ioannis Kapodistrias 43
Andreas Papandreou 30
Charilaos Trikoupis 19
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Sports
When you think of Greece, which ATHLETE comes to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Nikos Galis 40.0
Pyrros Dimas 30.0
Giannis Antetokounmpo 28.0
Spyros Louis 25.0
Voula Patoulidou 15.0
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Foods
When you think of Greece, which FOODS come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Souvlaki 43
Greek salad 39
Moussaka 35
Gemista (Stuffed Vegetables) 34
Lamb or goat 32
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Music (1/2)
When you think of Greece, which MUSIC GENRES come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Rebetika 66
Laika 62
Artistic 34
Nisiotiki 22
Light Greek pop (Elafrolaika) 20
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Music (2/2)
When you think of Greece, which MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Bouzouki 90
Clarino 56
Cretan Lyra 34
Baglamas 22
Pontian Lyra 20
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018What defines Hellenism | Dance
When you think of Greece, which DANCES come to mind first?
(Open-ended – multiple choice)
Zeibekiko 70
Kalamatianos 52
Syrtaki 46
Tsamikos 35
Hasapiko 35
| kaparesearch.com Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
SUMMARY
Who are the Greeks of Diaspora?
• Economically active middle and upper class, well off, and technologically literate
• Mostly satisfied with life and very optimistic about the future
• Religious and fairly close to the Church
• Pro-West, free-market centrists and socially liberal
• Lawful and respectful of institutions in their country of residence
What unites Greeks around the world?
• Cultural heritage, History, and Natural beauty
• Greek pride & deep sense of belonging to Hellenism
• Language – frequent use of the Greek language
• Family – maintaining the Greek language, history, and culture over time
• Orthodox faith
• Communication and technological revolutions
• Greek cuisine
• Crisis in Greece – feeling concerned and responsible to help
Which ‘words’ define Hellenism today?
• Gods, heroes, philosophers, poets, places, sounds, concepts and values, that go beyond
national borders, time periods, political, social and economic systems.
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD: A SURVEY ACROSS FIVE CONTINENTS
2016 – 2018
Certainties challenged
1. “Hellenism is weakened by the financial crisis”
• Data indicate that Greece is one of the most enduring brand names in the world, standing
above crises of economic and political systems
• There seems to be an enduring myth that binds Greeks around the world: The Parthenon, the
sea, Odysseus, religion, family, heroes and philosophy compose an invincible ‘capsule’
travelling through time.
2. “The last wave of migration (2010-2017) is a national catastrophe”
• The term brain-drain implies an unbearable trauma;
• Underestimates the fact that Greek history has been shaped by the diaspora phenomenon. An
inherent need of the nation to survive, both individually and collectively, has sparked several
waves of migration.
• Even those who left recently are still proud to be Greek, optimistic, adaptive, competitive,
respectful, open – all while maintaining their unique national identity
• Would the current structures and institutions of the Greek state be able to accommodate their
skills and aspirations?
3. “Globalization erodes national identity”
• Technological advances, communications and transportation revolution – all outcomes of
globalized economies – seem to act as means of maintaining national identities beyond
nation-state borders
Washington, DC – 29 March 2018HELLENISM IN THE WORLD
A Survey Across Five Continents
Thank you
Gerasimos Routzounis
Senior Analyst, Kapa Research
groutz@kapa-research.com
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