IL CONTRIBUTO DELL'ISPAAM ALLO SVILUPPO SOSTENIBILE DEI SISTEMI FORAGGERO-ZOOTECNICI MEDITERRANEI - DISBA-CNR
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Il contributo dell’ISPAAM allo sviluppo sostenibile
dei sistemi foraggero-zootecnici mediterranei
The contribution of ISPAAM to the sustainable
development of Mediterranean farming systems
Antonello Franca
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), global mean
temperature and interannual variability in temperature
and rainfall are expected to increase significantly by
the end of the 21st century
Mediterranean region
HEAT STRESS: The majority of models WATER STRESS: A reduction of precipitation
project the winter temperature increase (up to 10% in winter and between 10 and 20%
to be relatively small (+1 to +2°C). in summer) is projected
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Climate change impacts on forage quality
Forage N content, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and total non-
structural carbohydrates (TNC) increased as a result of elevated CO2
Effects on the physical and chemical characteristics of forages:
- Heat and drought stresses induce lignification of tissues and
reduce DM digestibility.
- Elevated CO2 , inducing an increase of WSC content and a
corresponding decline in cell- wall content, can increase DM
digestibility
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
In resource-poor drylands, the negative effects of drought and
warming on forage production may be mitigate selecting new
varieties of drought/heat tolerant forage and pasture species
Exploitation of the genetic resources of annual self-reseeding
legumes (e.g. subclovers and medics) and
perennial legumes which are able to escape summer drought and
regrow at the seasonal peak offers an opportunity to stabilize both
production and forage quality of Mediterranean grasslands
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Introduction of resilient multispecies mixtures Evaluation of shade-tolerant legume species AGFORWARD (AGroFORestry that for Will Advance Rural Development (FP7). Mediterranean Silvopastoral systems Identification of OPTIMA - Optimization of Perennial high-yielding Grasses for Biomass Production – FP7 autochthonous perennial grasses for biomass production in the Mediterranean area CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
New varieties of forage species adapted to drought prone environments CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Animal Cytogenetics
Sustainable Developent of Farming Bioagronomy of Native Plant Species for Bio-Agricoltural Proteomics & Gene Mapping
& Agropastoral Systems Forage production & Multipurpose uses
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Sustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY
Eco-sustainability and climate change mitigation
Eco-innovation is a key factor to improve
competitiveness of farming systems and to
valorize typical Mediterranean products
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Sustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
Focus on the three products:
PECORINO ROMANO DOP (Progetto CISIA-PECUS)
FREGOLA BIOLOGICA (Mis.124 RDP 2007-2013)
READY MEALS (Mis.124 RDP 2007-2013)
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
CISIA - Conoscenze Integrate per Sostenibilità ed Innovazione del Made in Italy Agroalimentare - PECUS –
Scenari di produzione del PECorino : implicazioni qUalitative, geStionali e ambientali.
LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPROACH
Carbon Footprint (IPCC, 2006) of
extensive (LI), semi-intensive (MI)
and intensive(HI) farms.
The functional unit (FU) is 1 kg of
FPCM (Fat and Protein Corrected
Milk)
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeCISIA - Conoscenze Integrate per Sostenibilità ed Innovazione del Made in Italy Agroalimentare - PECUS – Scenari di produzione del PECorino : implicazioni qUalitative, geStionali e ambientali. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPROACH Environmental Impact (ReCiPe end- point method) extensive (LI), semi- intensive (MI), and intensive (HI) farms. Impact effects are expressed in milli- ecopoints (mPt). Impact Categories with scores lower than 10mPt are included in the group ‘Remaining categories’. CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenze
Sustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
This study shows the relevant role played by enteric
methane emissions, field operations, electricity and production of
agricultural machineries in the overall environmental performances.
Future research will be devoted to:
i. exploring and better defining the environmental implications of the land use impact
category and sheep farm externalities in the Mediterranean sheep farming systems;
ii. contributing to revise and improve existing LCA methods and dataset for
Mediterranean farming systems.
LIFE 2016-2020 – Sheep to Ship
CNR IBIMET (Coord.) and ISPAAM
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeSustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
There is the need to reduce CH4 emissions
from livestock
Plant secondary metabolites have been
suggested as effective means to suppress
rumen methanogenesis through their anti-
microbial activity
Evaluation of polyphenol contents in
some crop and/or pasture species, not
only as antioxidant sources for the
beneficial effect in animal and human
health care but also for the potential
contribution as a tool for the reduction
of methane emissions by ruminants.
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeSustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
Programma di Sviluppo Rurale 2007-2013 Misura 124 Cooperazione per
lo sviluppo di nuovi prodotti, processi e tecnologie nei settori agricolo e
alimentare, nonché forestale.
Progetto: “VALORIZZAZIONE DI GRANI SARDI BIOLOGICI PER
PRODUZIONE DI FREGOLA TIPICA SARDA”
Progetto: “VALORIZZAZIONE DI GRANI SARDI PER LA PRODUZIONE DI PASTA DA
DESTINARE ALLA PRODUZIONE DI PIATTI PRONTI “READY MEALS”
Gianni Re e Leonardo Sulas, CNR-ISPAAM
Sassari
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeAmbiente
Market Processing Farm Environment
Organic farming system based on crop
rotation wheat-legume
Bio-fregola N
fixation
Organic
wheat
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeLegume N fixation: 180 kg ha-1 y-1
• Less urea per ha (cost urea 440 € /t)
• Less Ammonium nitrate per ha (cost
ammonium nitrate 350 € /t)
• More environmental advantages (Nitrates
measure PRD)
• CAP incentives
Sustainable agriculture - Effective uses of INPUT
- Natural resources conservation
- Minimizing of environmental impact
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeSustainable Development of Farming
& Agropastoral Systems
Symbiotic N-fixation from
forage, grain and pasture
legumes for ‘feeding’ non
leguminous plants
Industrial N fixation
Field studies on N-fixation to:
exploit and optimize biological N sources
reduce chemical fertilizer uses in cropping systems
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeBioagronomy of Native Plant Species
for Forage production & PRIN Projet (2014-2017) Social
Multipurpose uses immunity in honeybee:
behavioural, chemical and
microbiological aspects (Coord.
Univ. of Firenze) (ISPAAM Bees have a key role as pollinators in
cooperates with the Agriculture cultivated areas and in natural
Dept.-Section Entomology of ecosystems. Their decline has important
the Univ. of Sassari)
ecological and economic consequencies
Climate change
can
influence bee alter relations
alter floral
behaviour and between bees and
environment and
physiology their pathogens
modify colony
and parasites
harvesting capacity
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeBioagronomy of Native Plant Species
for Forage production &
Multipurpose uses
Bee social immunity is being monitored in relation to
foraging behavior and propoli characterization,
supporting the idea of a therapeutic use of propoli
(resins) in the hive
A significant increase in the number
of resin foragers in bee colonies was
video-recorded after Varroa
destructor infestation
Spectrophotometric analyses of polyphenol A decline up to 42% in
and flavonoid content on propoli from hives polyphenols affects propoli
differently infested by Varroa were from highly infested hives.
performed.
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeBio-Agricoltural Proteomics
Activity of the Proteomics and Mass
Spectrometry Laboratory in the field of
Sustainable Agriculture
Biomarker discovery
Identification of protein/peptide biomarkers for
the detection of:
• exposure to controlled lack of water in sheep
in order to comprehend the molecular
mechanisms of adaptation to drought;
• diseases in breeding animals (e.g. mastitis);
• exposure to environmental pollutants
(dioxins/PCBs or heavy metals)
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeBio-Agricoltural Proteomics
Activity of the Proteomics and Mass
Spectrometry Laboratory in the field of
Sustainable Agriculture
Plant proteomes
• description of plant proteomes under biotic
(e.g. interaction pest-plant) and abiotic
stresses (water restriction)
• characterization of proteomes in order to
describe the molecular mechanisms involved
in fruit development and during post-harvest
storage (wheat, apricot, kiwi,);
• study of plant cultivars for the
characterization of National products (lentils,
tomato, wheat, apple)
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeBio-Agricoltural Proteomics
Activity of the Proteomics and Mass
Spectrometry Laboratory in the field of
Sustainable Agriculture
Animal products
• analysis of animal-derived food through MS
monitoring of proteins/peptides for the
detection of illegal adulterations (milk and
derived products);
• MS-based identification of protein
modifications in animal-derived food that
occur as result of thermal treatments (milk
and derived products)
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeAnimal Cytogenetics
Environmental Cytogenetics
& Gene Mapping
evaluates the effects of pollution by living organisms and
biological parameters (SCE, AC, MN)
Dioxins (PCDDs, PCDFs and DL-PCBs) are a
large family of congeners that are highly
toxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic,
immunotoxic and hepatotoxic. They also
affect the nervous and reproductive
systems. Ilva steelworks in Taranto
Farm animals are particularly exposed to
these chemicals when located in vicinity of
metallurgic factories.
Cytogenetic analyses based on chromosome abnormality (CA) (chromosome and
chromatid breaks) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, Firenzewww.egf2017.org
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION
CONFERENZA DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIO-AGROALIMENTARI DEL CNR 25 Ottobre 2016, Auditorium di S. Apollonia, FirenzeYou can also read
