The proper aim of giving is to put the recipients in a state where they no longer need our gifts.'
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Spring 2018
‘The proper aim of giving is to put the
recipients in a state where they no longer
need our gifts.’
C. S. Lewis
Nine years ago, the release of the book Dead Aid, by Zambia-born former Goldman
Sachs economist Dr Dambisa Moyo provoked a huge public debate around the
world about the failure of global aid. In her book, Dambisa Moyo, challenged the
efficiency of global aid programs arguing for a new radical approach for Africa.
Since then, there have been significant geopolitical changes and the rise of pop-
ulism and growing inequalities has shed light on the flaws and challenges threat-
ening to weaken modern democracies. In this perspective, we were very pleased
to have the opportunity to discuss with Dambisa Moyo on her understanding of
the current state of the world and her views on how to tackle the most pressing
issues. In this edition of the Philanthropy Letter, you can read the inspiring
insights from one of the most respected critical thinkers of our times.
Luxembourg is one of the countries that has been named by the OECD as an
example in terms of the quality of its aid programs and for being one of the few
countries that respect and even exceed the OECD development target of 0,7 %
of GDP. In this context, we discussed with Manuel Tonnar, recently appointed
Director for Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Affairs at the
Luxembourg Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs, who shares with us the
specifics of the Grand-Duchy’s approach to development cooperation.
As an umbrella foundation, our mission is to accompany donors in the manage-
ment of their personalized foundations. This also involves helping them select the
most appropriate organizations to carry out the projects they chose to support. In
this perspective, we interviewed Guy Declercq, President of Belgium-based NGO
Médecins Sans Vacances, supported by the Fondation Jos & Mimieke under the
aegis of Fondation de Luxembourg. In the interview, he explains their important
work of sending Belgian doctors as volunteers during their vacations, with the
purpose of training their colleagues in developing countries, through sharing of
skills and expertise.
We wish you a pleasant reading,
Tonika Hirdman
2 A conversation with 6 The Luxembourg model for
Dr. Dambisa Moyo about the development cooperation
current state of the world 8 Founders of corporate foundations
4 De Bruxelles à Kinshasa, sur le share their motivations behind their
chemin des médecins sans vacances philanthropic engagement
2 Fondation de Luxembourg Philanthropy Letter Spring 2018
A conversation with Dr. Dambisa Moyo
about the current state of the world
One of the things that people say An increasing number of development
about me, is that I am someone with projects focus on women empower-
a strong appetite for the truth. I don’t ment, how do you see the current state
accept the common understanding of of women’s equality?
things as being the standard. I am a
scientist by background so I like to go We can put a man on the moon, so I
into the details. am rather confident that we can solve
issues such as poverty or economic
Living in a time of constant changes growth. Some important achieve-
driven by innovation, I am really inter- ments have been made with regard
ested in understanding how innova- to women’s equality. But that doesn’t
tions are affecting us at a global scale. mean we are done. If women gain ac-
cess to education or to capital to start
You are recognized worldwide for a business, in whatever area, that is
being a critical thinker on globaliza- the best for the world long-term.
tion, what are the current issues that
you are most worried about? In 2009, you wrote a book called
Dr. Dambisa Moyo
Dead Aid, in which you criticized
is a global economist and author One area I am very concerned about is the huge flows of development aid
who analyzes the macroeconomy the prospects for democracies. In the money that according to you created
and international affairs. She West we are keen to criticize every- more problems than solutions for
serves on a number of boards thing that we judge as un-democratic, Africa. Have you seen a change in
of global corporations. She was but it has been a very long time since the approach of large development
named by TIME Magazine as I read a well-articulated view concern- agencies since then?
one of the “100 Most Influential ing the flaws of our own democratic
People in the World,” and authored systems. I am actually just about to The narratives have definitely
three NY Times Bestsellers. Her release a new book, Edge of Chaos, on changed, and this is mainly due to a
new book, “Edge of Chaos: this topic. The goal of democracy is changing world. Since the financial
Why Democracy Fails to D eliver that as many people as possible should crisis, many of the developed coun-
Economic Growth and How to vote based on objective information, tries are experiencing economic prob-
Fix It” will be published in and this is not currently the case, as lems, such as large levels of debts and
2018. we saw during the US presidential demographic issues. China’s growing
campaign or the Brexit. We need to re- importance as a global decision-
visit, challenge and question ourselves maker has also changed the debate
about how to make democracies more considerably.
Could you tell us something about effective and respected.
your background and what has The problem of brain drain has been
influenced you the most? What could be the approach to particularly damaging in Africa, where
address this? an increasing number of educated
I was born and raised in Africa, but I people chose to live in the European
spent the majority of my life travelling The fundamental problem with democ- Union, the US or elsewhere. How can
the world, I have been to more than 80 racies is the short-termism in the minds this negative trend be reversed?
countries. I did my Master of Public of the politicians. One way to solve this
Administration at Harvard and my is to create a better match between There is a subtle view in the West that
PhD in Oxford. I am originally from long-term economic issues like jobs, people from some parts of the world
Zambia, but I feel very much like a technology or income inequalities, and just want to leave their home. I think
global citizen. short-term political cycles. this is a misunderstanding. People
3
Dr. Dambisa Moyo – TED Talk, Edinburgh, Scotland
want to live with their family, be with How can new technology help in ensu- What is your primary wish for the
their friends and be integrated in the ring a sustainable development that world in 2018?
culture they are from. The decision to benefit all?
move away from home is not some- Given all the current political and
thing that is taken lightly. Technology has already transformed geopolitical tensions, a real de-escala-
how we communicate, travel, and even tion in some of the combative narra-
Lately, there has been some evidence date! Our ability to deliver education tives we heard would be very positive.
of people from Africa increasingly or healthcare solutions is now closely
returning to their home. When there linked to the development of technol-
are economic prospects, and the coun- ogy. I am therefore very optimistic on
try is moving in the right direction, the prospects of technology and how it
people are inclined to return and try will benefit us in the future. ‘We need to revisit,
their fortune in the habitat they are challenge and
most familiar with. What should be the approach of phi-
lanthropy and in particular corpora- question ourselves
In this context, what should the global tions in working towards achieving the about how to
community do in poorer countries to Sustainable Development Goals?
ensure that they are economically make democracies
viable and politically stable? In my The goal of philanthropy should be to more effective and
view it is essential to make sure that look ahead of times with the ultimate
developed countries are engaging aim to cease to exist. I think this respected.’
through trade in a fair way, thereby would bring tremendous change in
Dr. Dambisa Moyo
improving the livelihood of the poor- the relations between donors and
est countries. recipients, but also ultimately in terms
of generating better outcomes.
4 Fondation de Luxembourg Philanthropy Letter Spring 2018
Multi-stakeholder partnerships for
effective development cooperation
Indeed, Luxembourg met the ODA nation and results based management
commitment of 0,7% of GNI already are some of the important criteria.
in the year 2000 and even increased
it to 1% since 2010. Alongside with As of January this year, a revision
quantity, the Directorate for Develop- of the law on development coopera-
ment Cooperation and Humanitarian tion sets the cofinancing rate to 80%
Action has always put great emphasis for projects in partner countries and
on quality of aid. Real partnerships, LDCs, and to 60% for projects in
strong ownership and alignment with other countries. Different modalities
national and local priorities are es- apply to different NGOs, ranging from
sential in this regard. single project cofinancing to multian-
nual partnership frameworks.
One of the main factors of success
of Luxembourg’s ODA has been the With the Sustainable Development
geographic and sectorial concentra- Goals and the Agenda 2030, adopted
Manuel Tonnar tion. In order to maximize impact, in 2015, the architecture of aid has
we have deliberately chosen to focus substantially changed. New alliances
is Director for Development Coop- our public aid on a limited number are concluded between public actors
eration and Humanitarian Affairs of partner countries 2, mainly least and the private sector, with civil
in the Ministry of Foreign and developed countries (LDC) and with society, foundations, universities and
European Affairs. He joined the a special attention to Sub-Saharan research institutions. With regard to
Directorate in 2004, where he was Africa. Luxembourg’s aid is further- an ever more complex and interlinked
consecutively in charge of differ- more concentrated on the three social world and the enormous needs in
ent departments before being ap- sectors of health, education and vo- developing countries, effective multi-
pointed Deputy Director in 2013. cational training, as well as rural and stakeholder partnerships have become
Before entering the MoFA, Manuel local development. Two areas where a necessity. Luxembourg can play an
worked for the United Nations as Luxembourg has specific expertise essential role to foster such partner-
a program officer in Vietnam and complement these sectors: inclusive ships, notably as a financial center,
Mali. Manuel is Vice-President finance and ICT. capable of leveraging considerable
of the Boards of Directors of Lux- private funding through public incen-
Development and LuxFlag and he The fact that Luxembourg serves tives. This is remarkably the case in
is Alternate governor of the In- as a model in development coopera- microfinance but also in the area of
ternational Fund for Agricultural tion has however its roots in another green bonds or responsible investment
Development. particularity, notably the remarkable funds, to name only those.
engagement of its people, its civil
society and the private sector. In our partner countries, ODA re-
An impressive number of 93 non- mains of capital importance, espe-
governmental organisations have a cially in the social sectors, but it has
The OECD DAC 1 peer review in 2017 ministerial accreditation as develop- to be complemented by foreign direct
concluded that Luxembourg is a relia- ment NGOs. This means that their investment and transfer of knowledge
ble and innovative partner in develop- projects and programmes are eligible and capacities. Corporate Social
ment cooperation, with great impact, for public cofinancing, if certain qual- Responsibility and investment in pro
visibility and influence. This confirms ity criteria are met. Funding requests
the relevance of the longstanding en- are checked against their relevance,
1
Development Assistance Committee
gagement of our country in matters of efficiency, effectiveness and sustain- 2
Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Laos, Mali, Nicaragua,
official development assistance (ODA). able impact. Local ownership, coordi- Niger, Senegal.
5
‘Development coop
eration is no longer
only about charity
but about real
philanthropy, it is
about connecting
people and resources
for mutual and sus
tainable benefits for
humanity.’
Manuel Tonnar
Photo © SIP / Jean-Christophe Verhaegen
poor growth play a crucial role in organized an economic forum during multifaceted socio-economic, political,
poverty alleviation and sustainable the visit with a robust participation of environmental and security challenges
development. the Luxembourg business community. at national and regional level. Talking
This is a relevant illustration of how to our very devoted staff and partners
A recent example of our new way of development aid, the fight against in Bamako, I realized once again how
working is the official visit of H.R.H. climate change and economic devel- important it is that we work on crisis
the Grand Duke to Senegal, in opment go hand in hand to achieve prevention and resilience and that
January this year. Whereas relations sustainable development. we address the security-development
between Luxembourg and Senegal re- nexus.
main predominantly based on develop- After Senegal, I moved on to Bamako,
ment cooperation, the delegation of the Mali. A once peaceful country where These are the challenges for the fu-
Grand Duke counted, alongside the I used to live and work some twenty ture. The long-term trends that are al-
development minister Romain Schnei- years ago, that is now prone to insta- ready reshaping the global landscape,
der, also the minister of environment bility, terrorist attacks, illicit traffick- from climate change to demographics,
Carole Dieschbourg and the secretary ing and growing criminality. They from the slowdown in emerging market
of state for foreign trade Francine are the consequence of the country’s economies to migration, from public
Closener. The Chamber of Commerce insufficient developmental efforts and health crises to fragile states and ter-
rorism. Only by joining efforts at all
levels, in a holistic and coordinated
approach may we address these chal-
Relationship between ODA and GNI 1985-2016 lenges. Development cooperation is
no longer only about charity but about
1,20%
real philanthropy, about connecting
1,00% people and resources for mutual and
0,80%
sustainable benefits for humanity.
Development cooperation has become
0,60% a main pillar of our foreign affairs
0,40% policy, chiefly supported by Parlia-
ment. The opportunities are there and
0,20%
the world of today has the required
0,00% financial resources, capacities and
technology to end poverty and stop
2000
2004
2006
2008
2009
2003
2005
2002
2007
1990
1999
1996
1988
1994
1998
1986
1992
1997
2001
1985
1993
1989
1995
1987
2012
1991
2013
2015
2011
2010
2016
2014
climate change. So let’s make it
ODA: Official Development Assistance GNI: Gross National Income
happen!
Source: Luxembourg’s development cooperation Annual Report 20166 Fondation de Luxembourg Philanthropy Letter Spring 2018
De Bruxelles à Kinshasa, sur le chemin
des médecins sans vacances
Peu à peu, ils ont réussi à convaincre journée de mission. L’équipe locale
des collègues partageant les mêmes pose le diagnostic avec l’équipe MSV et
valeurs de rejoindre l’équipe. Au fil déterminent ensemble le traitement, le
des années, l’approche s’est profes- suivi ainsi que le programme opératoire
sionnalisée et l’accent a été mis sur la à venir. Les activités comprennent
durabilité en renforçant les capacités également l’installation d’appareils bio-
des partenaires. médicaux, la formation des utilisateurs
et même la mise en place de groupes
Quelles sont vos activités principales électrogènes ou de panneaux solaires.
et comment évaluez-vous les besoins Nous conseillons enfin nos hôpitaux
locaux en amont des missions ? partenaires sur la gestion des soins,
le dossier médical unique, l’hygiène
MSV travaille toujours à la demande hospitalière, etc.
de nos hôpitaux partenaires locaux.
Nous déterminons ensemble les Comment est organisé le suivi des
besoins et la meilleure approche pour projets?
Guy Declercq une collaboration à long terme. Nous
avons établi un trajet de renforcement Les rapports d’évaluation sont rédigés
est médecin spécialiste ORL de capacités avec la plupart de nos 40 par toute l’équipe de bénévoles ainsi
(nez-gorge-oreilles) à l’hôpital partenaires. Nous évaluons les points que par le personnel de l’hôpital parte-
Maria Middelares à Gand, forts et les améliorations possibles. naire pour vérifier si les objectifs ont
Belgique. Il est volontaire de Ensuite, l’hôpital fait une autoévalua- été atteints. Ces évaluations servent de
terrain chez Médecins Sans tion approfondie après quoi une liste base de travail à la prochaine équipe
Vacances depuis 2007 et a des priorités sur trois niveaux - (para) qui partira et poursuivra le processus
déjà fait 11 missions, toutes médical, matériel et technique, et de renforcement des capacités avec le
en République Démocratique organisationnel – est établie. partenaire.
du Congo, plus précisément au
Sud-Kivu. Membre du Conseil Comment se déroule une mission de
d’Administration depuis 2010, il renforcement des capacités chez vos
a été élu président en juin 2017. partenaires locaux ?
Avant le début de la mission, les
termes de référence sont fixés par
Comment est né Médecins Sans MSV en collaboration avec la direc-
Vacances et comment l’organisation tion de l’hôpital partenaire et une
a-t-elle évolué depuis sa création en équipe de bénévoles est formée.
1981 ? Quelques semaines avant la mission,
l’équipe se réunit afin de passer en
Lors de vacances au Cameroun, les revue ce que nous voulons réaliser. La
médecins flamands Frans De Weer et plupart se concentrent sur le « on-the-
Johan Mattelaer avaient été frappés job training ». Nous organisons égale-
par le besoin fondamental d’aide mé- ment des formations, en regroupant le
dicale. Un an plus tard en 1981, MSV personnel de plusieurs hôpitaux mais Dr Guy Declercq et
voit le jour et lors de la première mis- aussi des échanges Sud-Sud. Dr Patrick Balungwe,
sion, la population locale accueille les Hôpital de Bukavu, République
deux médecins avec enthousiasme, les Les malades identifiés sont invités Démocratique du Congo
appelant “Médecins Sans Vacances”. à se présenter pendant la première7
‘Je suis moi-même
bénévole depuis onze
ans et je peux vous
assurer que partir
en mission n’est pas
un sacrifice, mais
un enrichissement.
Partager ses
connaissances, et
améliorer avec nos
partenaires la qualité
des soins, donne une
énorme satisfaction.’
Patients de l’Hôpital Mumbumbano en République Démocratique du Congo. Guy Declercq
© Médecins Sans Vacances
Quelles sont selon vous les motivations Quels sont les évolutions et les besoin de notre aide, comme ce sera
des médecins et paramédicaux qui défis des systèmes de santé que vous le cas avec le Dr Balungwe à l’hôpital
décident de s’engager à vos côtés en constatez dans les pays dans lesquels de Bukavu.
sacrifiant leurs vacances ? vous êtes actifs ?
Vous recevez le soutien de la
Je suis moi-même bénévole depuis Malheureusement, il y a toujours Fondation Jos et Mimieke, abritée
onze ans et je peux vous assurer que un manque de personnel qualifié et sous l’égide de la Fondation de
partir en mission n’est pas un sacri- de matériel médical adapté. Je suis Luxembourg, quelle est pour vous
fice, mais un enrichissement. Partager à chaque fois impressionné par la l’importance de ce soutien ?
ses connaissances, et améliorer avec créativité et la persévérance de mes
nos partenaires la qualité des soins, collègues locaux. Ils t ravaillent dans Le soutien que nous recevons de
donne une énorme satisfaction. des conditions difficiles, souvent la Fondation Jos et Mimieke est
mal ou non rémunérés, mais restent particulièrement important pour
Auriez-vous un témoignage d’un mé- déterminés à aider leurs patients. MSV. Il renforce notre partenariat
decin local, ayant bénéficié de l’enca- L’absence d’un système de mutuelles avec l’hôpital congolais de Mubum-
drement de Médecins Sans Vacances de santé rend par ailleurs l’accès aux bano au Sud Kivu, qui pourra ainsi
lors d’une mission, à partager ? soins très difficile pour la population. améliorer les capacités de soins
qualitatifs en urgences obstétricales,
Absolument ! Pendant mes missions Comment mesurez-vous l’impact à néonatales et pédiatriques. En 2017
ORL dans la région de Bukavu, j’ai court et long terme de vos actions ? nous y avons réalisé six missions.
eu la chance d’accompagner le Dr Grâce aux panneaux solaires que
Patrick Balungwe, un jeune médecin À court terme, il est important de nous avons pu installer à l’hôpital,
ORL local. J’ai assuré sa formation de vérifier que les objectifs d’une mis- l’approvisionnement en énergie
spécialiste ORL et pour le moment il sion ont été atteints et que l’équipe est garanti et le prix facturé aux
est le seul dans la région. Cette année, médicale locale a appris de nouvelles patients a sensiblement diminué.
nous terminerons le trajet de renforce- techniques et protocoles de travail. À Tout cela n’aurait pas été possible
ment de capacités avec lui et son staff. long terme, pouvoir finaliser notre par- sans le soutien de la Fondation Jos
Dr Patrick fait un excellent travail et tenariat avec un hôpital une fois notre et Mimieke.
il est aujourd’hui en mesure de former travail terminé est fondamental. Cela
d’autres collègues. veut dire que l’équipe locale n’a plus8 Fondation de Luxembourg Philanthropy Letter Spring 2018
What were the motivations that led to
the creation of a corporate foundation?
Keith O’Donnell – Managing partner Pit Hentgen – Administrateur-délégué
ATOZ Compagnie Financière La Luxembourgeoise
When we created the ATOZ Founda- In 2012, Compagnie Financière La
tion, our goal was to find a practical Luxembourgeoise realized an extra
way to give back to the community, with ordinary profit on restructuring its
targeted actions aligned with the values insurance business and decided to set
of our firm. We chose the corporate up a foundation to channel back some
foundation model to enjoy a certain lev- of its surpluses to society. Inspired by
el of flexibility while benefitting from its founders’ commitment to economic
the framework and ethical safeguards growth and social cohesion focusing on
provided by the Fondation de Luxembourg. Supporting initi- education, Fondation La Luxembourgeoise seeks to
atives that seek to nurture the minds of children and young support the University of Luxembourg. In 2015, it com-
adults, we believe education to be the single most important pleted the construction of a student residence on the Belval
element needed to make our world a better place. We don’t campus, offering 45 student accommodations. Currently, it
expect to change the world, but in the words of Tanzanian is leading a research project on the history of Lalux and its
proverb, “Little by little, a little becomes a lot.” interaction with society, for a better understanding of the
role of insurance throughout the different phases of eco-
nomic development and the emergence of new risks.
Anne-Sophie Minaldo – Head of Corporate Hugo Mahieu – CEO
Citizenship at KPMG and member of the The Mangrove Foundation 2.0
KPMG Foundation under the aegis of Fondation de Luxembourg
The KPMG Foundation was cre- The Mangrove Foundation is an
ated as an extension of our values. We initiative of Mangrove Capital Part-
believe in unleashing the full potential ners, which has decided to act for the
of our people by giving back through planet’s and mankind’s survival by
volunteerism, education, and corporate giving money to worthy causes its part-
giving. Each of our projects encourages ners collectively feel strongly about.
achieving progress towards the UN Launched in 2009, its goal is to im-
Sustainable Development Goals. While prove the living conditions of 500,000
these goals cover a range of issues, our main focus is qual- people, by contributing funds and expert advice to projects
ity education and lifelong learning, ensuring healthy lives run by selected NGOs in the fields of environment and
and well-being for all ages and decent work and economic women empowerment. The Mangrove Foundation has since
growth. We view the KPMG Foundation as an essential and its inception supported seven projects around the World,
strategic investment that applies our people’s skills, values and recently decided to give projects another dimension by
and passions to enable change. dedicating a full time resource to manage it and make it
one of the most impactful foundations in its area.
B.P. 281 L-2012 Luxembourg
Tel. (+352) 274 748 1 Fax (+352) 274 748 279
secr@fdlux.lu www.fdlux.luYou can also read
