Mechanical-Biological waste Treatment (MBT) Actual state of affairs and perspective in Germany - Ennigerloh, 19 th May 2011
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Mechanical-Biological waste
Treatment (MBT)
Actual state of affairs and
perspective in Germany
Ennigerloh, 19 th May 2011
Agenda ASA e. V. Registered Society (RS) of MBT plant operators The implementation of MBT technology in Germany State of MBT technology in Germany MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Influence available overcapacity Potential developments by legal rules Perspective
ASA e.V. – RS of MBT plant operators
Emphases of RS work
Promotion of the knowledge transfer between the members e. g. from planning, construction
and operation of MBT plants
Support with the plant optimisations and operating optimisations
Use of other plants capacities in the group in case of breakdown (short fall association)
Organisation and performance of the international ASA waste days (ASA-Abfalltage)
Execution of research projects and appraisal
Statements on bills and regulation drafts in the federal law and in the European law
ASA is active member in the European Compost Network (ECN) e. V., in the Gütegemeinschaft
Sekundärbrennstoffe und Recyclingholz (BGS) e. V. (quality assurance of Solid Recovered Fuels
– SRF)
Member support, public relations
Foreign affairs, co-operation/information exchange
ASA e.V. – RS of MBT plant operators
Realised projects for standardisation / QA
Laboratory comparison to the determination of the biomass content in SRF (in cooperation
with German Gütegemeinschaft Sekundärbrennstoffe und Recyclingholz e. V. (BGS)
Installation attempts of mechanical-biological pre-treated wastes on the landfill of the GFA,
Lüneburg (ASA e. V., IGB Hamburg, Bomag)
Standardisation of the waste-mechanical parameters to the marking of output from MBT
plants
Standardisation of the sampling, sample preparation and analytics of the material for
landfilling, produced by MBT plants
Evaluation of the Renewable Thermal Oxidation (RTO) from ecological view (Ifeu-Institut
Heidelberg, gewitra Bonn)
Comparison of laboratories with the aim of QA and validation ASA’s analysis standard for
landfill parameters according to German AbfAblV (iba Hannover)
Energy efficiency of MBT and saved CO2 emissions (iba Hannover)
ASA e.V. – RS of MBT plant operators
Members of the ASA e. V.
(49 Members)
Office Board Advisory Council
M. Balhar Chairman Head of advisory Council
C. Ebeling Th. Grundmann Dr. K. Ketelsen
Vice-chairman Members of advisory council
Organisation A. Nieweler Prof. Dr. B. Gallenkemper
Support of members Prof. Dr. K. Gellenbeck
Public relations Members of board Dr. G. Hälsig
Dr. N. Bruhn-Lobin Prof. Dr. M. Nelles
D.-U. Michaelis Dr. A. Radde
H. Ringe
B. Schulte
Working group
Working group Working group Short fall
technical ASA GmbH
organisation plant operation association
development
Leader of WG Leader of WG Leader of WG Services for ASA
20 Members
Ch. Niehaves M. Rakete J. Düsterloh Members
Stand: 07/11
Agenda ASA e. V. Registered Society (RS) of MBT plant operators The implementation of MBT technology in Germany State of MBT technology in Germany MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Influence available overcapacity Perspective
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
The implementation of MBT technology
Strong increase of waste rates since the 1980’s
Environmental damage by leachate and outgasing of methangas
Waste experts recognised problems caused by waste disposal and landfilling
1993 fixed the Upper House of the German Parliament the pre-treatment of
biodegradable waste by means of incineration in the Technical Instructions on Waste
(TASi)
German federal state Lower Saxony promoted 1989/1990 first basic studies to the MBT
technology
Center of the 1990’s encouragement and realisation of three industrial MBT plants with
different technical concepts, technical and scientific steering of these research projects
Examination of the equivalence of waste incineration and MBT with further research
projects:
1995 -1999 collaborative project founded by German Ministry of
Education and Research
1998 North Rhine-Westfalian manual for the MBT technologyThe implementation of MBT technology
Result of the Federal Ministry of environment to August 20, 1999:
Waste incineration and MBT technology are alike to evaluate
1999 - 2001 scientifically/technically and politically motivated controversy over the justifiable
standard of MBA plants
Controversy phase ended then with the deposit regulation and the 30th Federal Immission
Control Regulation (“30. BImschV”).
MBT technology had achieved a legal requirement equilibrium in the comparison to waste
incineration. But was it also practicable?
High legal demands are made against the MBT technology, which were not determined by
practical experiences and/or by industrial MBT plantsThe implementation of MBT technology
Challenges to the MBT operators
Investment security starting from 2001 = four years for a new technology
Road Map
March 2001 2002 2003 2004 June 2005
Political decisions with the publicly legal carriers had to be caused
Bidding of the planning services, process engineering and equipment technology according
to that assignment-legally regulations
Licensing procedure (at least: 6 to 7 month)
Execution phase/building phase: (1.5 to 2 years)
Further problems by insolvenciesThe implementation of MBT technology
Reasons for the decision for the MBT technology
Existing TASi landfills could further be used in connection with the MBT plants as
well as further use of infrastructure
Waste incineration was not often achievable against the resistance of the
population
Allegedly more favourable solution/smaller invest than with waste incineration
Creation and/or protection of jobs by an own design capacity
Creation of value remains in the region (orders to medium-size-companies)
Good combination in connection with mono stream power plants or cement works
or coal-fired power stations
Saving of fossil fuels by the employment of Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF) in (mono
stream) power stations and thus CO2 saving
Energy and fuel supplier for producing tradeAgenda ASA e. V. Registered Society (RS) of MBT plant operators The implementation of MBT technology in Germany State of MBT technology in Germany MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Influence available overcapacity Perspective
State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT, MBS and MPS plants in Germany
Schleswig-
Number Holstein
Capacity
Federal state of
tons/a Mecklenburg-
plants Western Pomerania
Hamburg
Brandenburg 8 1,040,500 Bremen
Bathe-Württemb. 1 110,000 Lower Saxony
Berlin
Bavaria 1 40,000
Hesse 2 204,500 Saxonia- Brandenburg
North Rhine- Anhalt
Mecklenburg-W. P. 4 455,000 Westphalia
Lower Saxony 11 1,012,100
Hesse Thuringia Saxonia
North Rine-W. 5 891,500
Rhineland-
Rhineland-P. 5 620,000
Palatinate
Saxonia-Anhalt 1 50,000
Schleswig-Holst. 2 406,000 Saarland
Saxonia 4 655,000
Bathe Bavaria
Thuringia 3 275,000 Württemberg
Total 46 5,759,600State of MBT technology in Germany
MPS, 3
MBS, 13
MBT, 30
MPS, 0,5
MBS,
1,8
Point of time: 2009
MBT,
Source: ASA 3,4State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT = Mechanical-Biological Treatment (30 plants)
Is a combination out
the mechanical processing with separation of high calorific fractions (to
be used as RDF) as well as the valuable material for material recycling
and
the biological treatment (decomposition, digestion) of the fine fraction
for the reaching of the deposit criteria
.
MBS = Mechanical-Biological Stabilisation (13 plants)
the entire waste stream is dried before the mechanical processing
biologically (under use of the self heating) and reduced by the organic
components
MPS = Mechanical-Physical Stabilisation (3 plants)
mechanical processing with following drying process (e. g. by means of
drum dryer), here fossil fuels for the drying process are usedState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Mechanical processing
Acceptance and control, separation contraries, crushing, metal separation
Selection of valuable materials
(e. g. wood, paper, metal)
Metal deposition
(non-ferrous metals)State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Mechanical processing
Separation of the material flow over sieving into biological and high calorific components
Shaking screen
Drum sieveState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Mechanical processing
Division of the high calorific components into High Calorific Fractions (HCF) and Solid Recovered Fuels
(SRF)
Air separator
Shaking screenState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Mechanical processing
NIR-Technology (Near-InfraRed spectroscopy) to the separation of valuable material or for the removal
from extraneous material (e. g. chlorine (polyvinyl chloride, PVC))
Cement works or coal-fired power stations:
limit values for chlorine < 0.5%State of MBT technology in Germany
Box, channel,
windrow
10%
Percolation
Wet 3%
digestion
15%
Tunnel
Dry 64%
digestion
8%
Point of time: 2009
In total: 30 plants Source: ASAState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Biological Treatment
The decomposition process (aerobic treatment in tunnels, windrows (table windrows) or channels) is
separated in two phases: the intensive decomposition (4 to 6 weeks) and the past decomposition (8 to
10 weeks). The total treatment takes 10 to 15 weeks
Table windrow
Channels
point of time 09/08State of MBT technology in Germany MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment Biological Treatment Decomposition in tunnels with automatic tunnel discharge equipment Reduction of the necessary amount of air by tunnels
State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Biological treatment
Digestion (anaerobic treatment), dry digestion
Dry digestion can be designed as a partial or full stream process with inoculation and turning. Full stream
digestion requires a post dewatering. Afterwards the material is treated in post decom-position for the
storage or in a landfill. The treatment period in a dry digestion needs three weeks
Gas production rate 90 - 120 m3/ton waste
Use of the fermentation gas over block heating station
or processing of the gasState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
Biological treatment
Digestion (anaerobic treatment), wet digestion
At first the material is wet-mechanically prepared then transferred in the two-step full-stream digestion
which is followed by the wet-aerobic stabilisation through dewatering and thermal drying. The treatment
period in the wet digestion needs 3 weeks, the aerobic stabilisation additional 5 days.State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT with Decomposition and Digestion
Box, channel,
windrow
6%
Wet digestion
15%
Tunnel
55%
Percolation
3%
Dry digestion
21%
Point of time: 2009
In total: 30 plants Source: ASAState of MBT technology in Germany MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment Deposit Stabilised waste is deposited on landfills of the German class II Avoidance of setting and landfill gas formation Compression of the MBA output to approx. 1.3 ton/cbm Avoidance as well as reduction of landfill leachate Thus future generations no longstanding pollution is left!
State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT – Mechanical-Biological Treatment
For the deposit the criteria of the German Waste Storage Ordinance („AbfAblV“) are valid
Measured values of the MBT Ennigerloh
TOC in the solid matter DOC in the eluate Breathability 4
Limit values: ≤ 18 Mass-% ≤ 300 mg/l ≤ 5 mg/gState of MBT technology in Germany
MBT = Mechanical-Biological Treatment (30 plants)
Is a combination out
the mechanical processing with separation of high calorific fractions (to
be used as RDF) as well as the valuable material for material recycling
and
the biological treatment (decomposition, digestion) of the fine fraction
for the reaching of the deposit criteria
.
MBS = Mechanical-Biological Stabilisation (13 plants)
the entire waste stream is dried before the mechanical processing
biologically (under use of the self heating) and reduced by the organic
components
MPS = Mechanical-Physical Stabilisation (3 plants)
mechanical processing with following drying process (e. g. by means of
drum dryer), here fossil fuels for the drying process are usedState of MBT technology in Germany
MBS – Mechanical-Biological Stabilisation
Biological drying process of the entire waste input before the mechanical treatment over tunnels,
channels or containers
Reduction of the moisture content in the wastes of approx. 40 % on approx. 20 %
Freed warmth is used for the evaporation of the moisture content Container in Nehlsen
procedures
Good mechanical processing after biological drying process
Channels in
Biodegma
procedure Rotting boxes
in Herhof
procedureState of MBT technology in Germany MBS – Mechanical-Biological Stabilisation Separation of metals, inert components, contraries Production of (high) calorific fractions of different qualities
State of MBT technology in Germany
MBT = Mechanical-Biological Treatment (30 plants)
Is a combination out
the mechanical processing with separation of high calorific fractions (to
be used as RDF) as well as the valuable material for material recycling
and
the biological treatment (decomposition, digestion) of the fine fraction
for the reaching of the deposit criteria
.
MBS = Mechanical-Biological Stabilisation (13 plants)
the entire waste stream is dried before the mechanical processing
biologically (under use of the self heating) and reduced by the organic
components
MPS = Mechanical-Physical Stabilisation (3 plants)
mechanical processing with following drying process (e. g. by means of
drum dryer), here fossil fuels for the drying are usedState of MBT technology in Germany
MPS – Mechanical-Physical Stabilisation
Separation of the material flow (only over mechanical and physical procedures)
Multi-level treatment process (e. g. separation of Fe- and non-ferrous metals)
Separation of contaminated components
Physical drying process of the high calorific components (HCF and/or SRF)
Rotary drier
(Vandenbroek)State of MBT technology in Germany MPS – Mechanical-Physical Stabilisation
State of MBT technology in Germany
Exhaust air treatment
On-line monitoring of the limit values by the responsible authority
Air washer with bio filter in
container building method
Dust filter
Sour scrubber with
RTO and chimneyState of MBT technology in Germany
For the exhaust air treatment the limit values of the
German 30th Immission Ordinance are valid
Parameter Unit Limit value Operating values Reference value
Organic 40 8 to 30 Half hour average value
mg/m3 (daily maxima)
Components as Ctotal
mg/m3 20 10.4 Daily average (mean)
55 29.3 Monthly average value as
g/Mg mass ratio
Entirely total dust 30 < 1.5 Half hour average value
mg/m3 (daily maxima)
mg/m3 10 1.7 Daily average (mean)
Dinitrogen oxide N2O 100 19.9 Monthly average value as
g/Mg
mass ratio
Dioxins/Furane1) ng/m3 0.1 < 0.002 Individual measurements
Smell1) GE/m 3 500 400 Individual measurements
1) The individual measurements were accomplished in the period March until May 2006.
Result:
Emission values of the 30th Immission Ordinance are kept and/or fallen below clearly!State of MBT technology in Germany
offen/Ausschreibung
MA 3,2 %
MBS 2,9 %
8,7 %
MBA
15,5 %
MVA
69,7 %
MBT = approx. 25 % of the pre-treatment technologyAgenda ASA e. V. Registered Society (RS) of MBT plant operators The implementation of MBT technology in Germany State of MBT technology in Germany MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Influence available overcapacity Perspective
MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Stand der MBA in Deutschland
Material recycling of Fe/non-ferrous metals from MBT plants
(approx.200,000 tons/p.a.)MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Material recycling of paper/pasteboard from MBT plants
Material or energetic recycling of separated wood from the
MBT plantsMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Aspects of energy with MBT
Supply and use of Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF)
Component for the protection of disposal security
Increasing meaning against the background rising markets for secondary raw
materials
Larger independence from the rising energy costs
Contribution for the reduction of the CO2 emissions and thus to climate protectionMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Supply and use of RDF
Range of the treatment depends on
- The whereabouts and use of the removed fractions
- The respective quality requirements of the customers
- Quality assurance necessary
Two groups from RDF to differentiate:
- High Calorific Fractions (HCF)
- Solid Recovered Fuels (SRF)MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
High Calorific Fraction (HCF)
- From wastes separated components and/or fractions, which exhibit clearly higher
net calorific values due to their composition and characteristics than the original
waste mixture (approx. 11 to 15 MJ/kg )
- E. g. HCF from MBT or commercial/industrial waste sorting plants
- Smaller treatment depth, e. g. rougher grain size
- Use in mono stream power plants
from MSW > 100 mm from commercial/industrial from bulky waste > 60 mm
waste > 150 mmMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Disposal ways of the High Calorific Fraction 2007
of all MBT, MBS and MPS plants (approx. 2.5 Mio. tons/a)
Entsorgungswege der heizwertreichen Fraktion aus MBA, 2007
Zwischenlager 6% Braunkohlekraftwerk
(n=5) 8% (n=5)
Zementwerk 7% (n=4)
Weitere Aufbereitung
12% (n=11)
Industrie- /
Monokraftwerk 35%
(n=8)
Sonstiges 8% (n=4)
MVA 17% (n=8)
Makler / Handel 8%
(n=2)
Source: ASA studyMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Solid Recovered Fuel
- Final ready made fuel after large treatment
- to be co-incinerated in cement works/lime works/power plants (quality e. g.
belonging to German quality assurance RAL-GZ 724)
- from production specific waste and/or high calorific fractions from MSW
(NCV from 20 to 25 MJ/kg)
Source: ASA studyMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Quality control by German ”Gütegemeinschaft Sekundärbrennstoffe
und Recyclingholz e. V. (BGS)” (www.bgs-ev.de)
Manual „quality control of High Calorific Fractions“
- also for the utilization ways of the High Calorific Fractions are quality criteria in
advertisements and/or contracts demanded, e. g.
• net calorific value (NCV)
• chlorine content
• contents of contraries and if necessary heavy metals
Quality assurance RAL quality label 724 – Solid Recovered Fuels
- Heavy metal guideline values are accepted and considered in the manual
to the co-incineration (North Rhine-Westphalia)
- Quality assured quantity in 2010: approx. 300,000 tonsMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
SRF: Heavy metal contents after German RAL-GZ 724
by Gütegemeinschaft Sekundärbrennstoffe und Recyclingholz e. V. (BGS)
H eavy m etalcontents (SRF)
Param eter Unit
M edian 80th percentile
Cadm ium m g/kg dm 4 9
M ercury m g/kg dm 0,6 1,2
Thallium m g/kg dm 1 2
Ardenic m g/kg dm 5 13
Cobalt m g/kg dm 6 12
Nickel m g/kg dm 251) 80 2) 50 1) 160 2)
Antim ony m g/kg dm 50 120
Lead m g/kg dm 70 1) 190 2) 200 1) 400 2)
Chrom ium m g/kg dm 40 1) 1252) 120 1) 250 2)
Copper m g/kg dm 200 1) 400 2) 500 1)3) 1.000 2)3)
M anganese m g/kg dm 50 1) 250 2) 100 1) 500 2)
Vanadium m g/kg dm 10 25
Tin m g/kg dm 30 70
1) For Solid Recovered Fuels from production specific waste
2) For Solid Recovered Fuels from the high calorific fractions from municipal solid waste
3) exceeding of critical levels in particular cases possibleMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Use of SRF in cement works and coal-fired power plants Physical characteristics The Net Calorific Value (NCV) of the fuels amounts to 21 - 23 MJ/kg The moisture content is less than 10 % Burning in the flight phase Chemical characteristics Chemical characteristics of the SRF in the context of the guidelines values of BGS e. V.
MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Use of SRF in the cement works of Cemex, Rüdersdorf
(close to Berlin)
Clean delivery and acceptance
(e. g. walking floor)
Homogenisation and
packaging
(important for equal
lasting NCV)MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Use of SRF over fivefold burner lance in the cement works of Cemex, Rüdersdorf Solid Recovered Fuel, animal meal Primary fuels (brown coal/coal, gas, oil) Combustion in the flight phase with 1.500 C°
MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Development of the SRF use in the German cement industry
(source: VDZ (German cement works association))
70
61
58,4
60
55
52
49 50
50
42
38,3
40
34,9
30,3
30
25,7
23
20
15,8
7,4 10,8
10
4,1
0
1987 1990 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Design values for the use of SRF in the brown coal power station of Vattenfall, Jänschwalde General information Average operation hours of the SFR co-incineration 8,000 h/a Annually used SRF quantity approx. 400,000 tons Middle SRF use for each boiler approx. 6 tons/h Maximum SRF use for each boiler approx. 10 tons/h Delivery of SRF everyday 00:00 - 24:00 o’clock
MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Burn-specific parameters of the SRF,
brown coal power station, Jänschwalde
Net calorific value (NCV min) 9 MJ/kg
Net calorific value (NCV max) 25 MJ/kg
Ash content < 35 mass %
Moisture content approx. 2 - 30 mass %
particle size < 25 mm
Delivery e. g. over
walking floor
Addition of SRF on the
conveyor for brown coal
for combustion in the
airborne current boilerMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
High Calorific Fractions (HCF) to be used in
mono stream power plants
NCV 10 - 15 MJ/kg
Lumpiness < 250 mm
25 Moisture content approx. 25 %
20
Mass % (dry matter)
15
10
5
0 Air classifier fraction
Hard plastics, thick parts from leather or rubber, paper, wood, etc. (analysis INFA, 2005)MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Use of HCF in mono stream power plants by the
example “Energos Minden”
Plant data MBT Plant data Mono stream power plant (HCF)
Capacity 100,000 tons/a Capacity 40,000 tons/a HCF
MSW and commercial waste 60,000 and 40,000 tons/a Boiler output 15 MWthermal, ca. 22 t/h steam
Sewage sludge 15,000 tons/a Form of energy supply Process steam, 13 bar (250 °C)
Amount of produced HCF ca. 40,000 tons/a
Yearly heat supply 115 GWh
Input mono st. power plant ca. 36,000 – 38,000 tons/a
Production of steam for BASF, Minden
Supplier of HCF
MBT Pohlsche Heide, Minden-LübbeckeMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Use of HCF in mono stream power plants by
the example „HKW Blumenthal Bremen“
Plant data MBT Plant data Mono stream power plant (HCF)
Capacity 100,000 tons/a Capacity 60,000 tons/a
MSW 70,000 tons/a Boiler output 31 MWelectric
Commercial/industrial waste 30,000 tons/a Form of energy supply Steam: 35 t/h (40 bar/400 °C)
Amount of produced HCF approx. 46,000 tons/a
Electricity: 30.000.000 kWh/a
Input mono st. power plant approx. 46,000 tons/a
Production of steam for the neighbouring „Woll-
kämmerei“ (industrial plant), generation of electricity
over turbine possible
Supplier of HCF RABA Bassum
MBT OldenburgMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Use of HCF in mono stream power plants by
the example “TEV Neumünster”
Plant data Mono stream power plant (HCF)
Plant data MBT
Capacity 190,000 tons/a (by NCV = 12 MJ/kg)
Capacity/MBT approx. 200,000 tons/a Boiler output 75 MW thermal
Capacity/“BAA“ ca. 170,000 tons/a Form of energy supply Steam: 97,6 t/h (65 bar/470 °C)
(thereof 100,000 Mg from MBT) Yearly heat supply Steam: approx. 800,000 tons/a
Amount of produced HCF approx. 160,000 tons/a Electricity approx. 150 million kWh
Input in mono st. power plant approx. 160,000 tons/a Generating of electricity and steam for „SWN“
Supplier of HCF MBT Neumünster
MBT LüneburgMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Use of HCF in mono stream power plants by the example “Vattenfall Rüdersdorf” (close to Berlin) Plant data Mono stream power plant (HCF) Capacity 220,000 tons/a HCF Boiler output 115 MWthermal Current delivery/rating 29 MWelectric Generating of electricity for the neighbouring cement works of Cemex
MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Mono stream power plants for the use of HCF
Capacity working/in building approx. 5,802,000 tons/a
Capacity permission approved/requested approx. 1,420,000 tons/a
Capacity projects approx. 370,000 tons/a
Total capacity approx. 7,592,000 tons/a
Point of time February 2010MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Gas utilisation and gas preparation
Generation of electricity of the gas depending upon procedure
90 - 120 m3/tons waste
processing of the gas and feed into the gas net Block-unit heating power plant
Digestion
container
and gas tankMBT as a raw material and fuel supplier
Result energy balance/energy efficiency
The energy efficiency of the MBT, MBS and MPS plants is considerably determined
of the energy efficiency of the plants for the energy recycling and of the amount of
high calorific components in the waste
During optimised energetic recycling higher energy efficiency can be achieved with
MBT concepts opposite waste incineration plants
The digestion of the fine fraction can make a significant contribution with higher gas
yields for the improvement of the energy efficiency
Development and perspectives of the MBT technology
MBT/MBS/MPS actually permit a flexible adjustment in case of changing basic conditions
(market, proceeds, raw material costs, laws)
Optimisation of the plant concepts depends on the material, raw material and energetic
recycling
Increased selection of metals (Fe/non-ferrous)
Sorting of plastics
Separation of wood/biomass
Separation of contraries/pollutants (chlorine-lower, e. g. by NIR technology)MBT as a raw material and fuel supplier Future perspective Production of diesel fuel from RDF by means of catalytic depolymerisation First attempts ran Pilot projects
Thank you for your
attention!
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