MicroLED Displays: Global Trends & Opportunities for Equipment and Material Suppliers - SEMI
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Picture: Sony From Technologies to Market
MicroLED
Displays:
Global Trends &
Opportunities for
Equipment and
Material Suppliers
SEMICON EUROPA
Jean-Christophe ELOY - CEO - Yole Développement
© 2017
AGENDA
• Presentation of Yole Développement - From Technologies to Market
• What Are MicroLED Displays?
• MicroLED Challenges
• MicroLED Competitive Landscape
• MicroLED Applications
• Opportunities for Equipment and Material Suppliers
• Conclusion
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 2
Presentation of Yole
Développement
From Technologies to Market
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 3
A GROUP OF COMPANIES
M&A operations
Due diligences
www.yolefinance.com
Innovation & Business maker
www.bmorpho.com
Manufacturing costs analysis
Market, technology Teardown and reverse engineering
and strategy Cost simulation tools
www.systemplus.fr
consulting
www.yole.fr IP analysis
Patent assessment
www.knowmade.fr
Test & Measurement
Expertise
Research & Innovation
www.piseo.fr
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 4
DISPLAY ACTIVITIES: RECENT REPORTS
Available:
Off the shelf
reports and
custom
analysis.
Visit: www.i-micronews.com
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 5
DISPLAY ACTIVITIES: COST MODELING,TEAR DOWN ANALYSIS AND REVERSE COSTING
Cost
Simulation
Tools
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 6
What Are MicroLED
Displays?
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 7
LCD VS EMISSIVE DISPLAYS
LCD
Light is generated by an LED
LCD backlight and goes through a
(transistor matrix)
matrix of liquid crystal “light
switches” and colour filters
constituting the individual
subpixel.
Encapsulation Emissive
Each sub-pixel is a tiny light
Emissive emitter which brightness can
(e.g: OLED) be individually controlled
Illustrations: Ignis Technology
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 8
WHAT IS A MicroLED DISPLAY?
Self emitting displays (just like OLED) that use individual, small LED chips as the emitters.
Sorting and Pick and place + hybridization/connection to the transistor matrix that
Red, Green, Blue LED Chip singulation
controls individual pixels
Epiwafers
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 9
POTENTIAL MICROLED BENEFITS
• Low power consumption. Large video
displays
• Perfect black + high brightness =
High Dynamic Range (contrast). Smartwatches
and wearables Sony
TV
• Wide color gamut.
LG
• Long lifetime, environmental stability. Virtual reality
Apple
Smartphones
• High Resolution/Pixel density.
• Fast refresh rates. Oculus
Samsung
Laptops and
• Wide viewing angles. Augmented/Mixed
Reality
MicroLED TV prototype (Sony, CES 2012) convertibles
• Curved/flexible backplanes. HP
Microsoft Automotive Tablets
• Integration of sensors within the HUD
display front-plane.
BMW Acer
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 10SO,THIS IS IT?
Do we have
the best
display
technology
ever?
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 11Challenges ©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 12
MICROLED DISPLAY MANUFACTURING CHALLENGES
While very promising in terms of performance, there are still multiple manufacturing challenges
that need to be addressed to enable cost effective, high volume manufacturing of µLED Displays.
Color
Conversion
Light
Backplane
extraction and
hybridization
beam shaping
Massively
Parallel and Defect
High Accuracy Management
Pick and Place & Testing
Technologies
LED
Technology
LED Supply Chain
(epitaxy, chips) µDisplays
Multiple challenges need to be tackled to enable the µLED display opportunity
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 13MICROLED DISPLAY ASSEMBLY
4K Display (TV, smartphone…): 24.9 million µLED chips
• Traditional pick and place equipment
~ 1000 hours 41 days…
• Small chip handling (DEFECT MANAGEMENT
µLED Yield Transfer Yield
Die not properly
Epitaxy + chip picked or placed, or Combined
manufacturing:
X
faulty connection to = Defect Rate
dead or dim µLED the TFT: (in ppm)
pixel. missing, dead, or
“always-on” pixels.
99.9% 99.9% 20 ppm
99.99% 99.99% 2 ppm
99.999% 99.999% 0.2 ppm
Most high-end displays are guarantied zero defects
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 15SUPPLY CHAIN
Large scale µLED displays manufacturing?
Bringing together disparate technologies and industries.
LED Makers Display Makers
Cultural and technology • TFT backplanes + LCD/OLED
• LED epitaxy.
chasm frontplanes
• Small diameter wafers 4” to 6”
• Large substrates (1 to 10 m2)
• Cleanroom class 10,000 at
• Clean room class 100 -1000
best
• Semi-finished products (panels)
• Produce components / chips
• Typical fab CapEx for large
• Fab CapExCompetitive Landscape
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 17MICROLED PLAYERS - A LOT OF SMART PEOPLE WORKING ON IT
Increasing activity from all types of companies: display makers, LED makers, semiconductor companies, start ups…
Patent activity in the field of MicroLED
300 1,570+ patents (500+ patent families*), including 680+ granted patents and 690+ pending patent applications
Patents
250 Patent families
Granted patents Note: Due to the
delay between the
Number of applications
CREE Kansas State University filing of patents and
200 US6410940 (granted) The second wave of patent filings the publications by
US6410942 (granted)
GaN microdisk LED with combined to an increase of patent patent offices,
Arrays of interconnected LEDs
12µmdiameter and extensions worldwide is an usually 18 months,
with individual sizes of less Extension of
50µmpitch indication of the technology
than 30 µm. The purpose of priority patents the data
maturity
150 the invention was to improve corresponding to
light extraction per unit the year 2015 and
surface 2016 may not be
105
complete since
CAGR
100 First wave 48% 2009-2014
most patents filed
of patent extensions 87 during these years
are not published
64 yet.
56
Extension of
50 37
Innovation priority patents 32
31
triggers
14 13 11 15
8 8 6 6 10
3
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year of application
* A patent family is a set of patents filed in multiple countries by a
common inventor(s) to protect a single invention. ©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 18Applications ©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 19
HOW DO WE FORECAST?
• Performance, features
• Technology requirements
• Cost requirements
• Incumbent technologies
For each application: SWOT analysis applications
roadmap adoptions rates forecast
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 20SMARTWATCHES: THE LOW HANGING FRUIT?
Cost
Small amount of pixels +
high PPI = low cost
Technology
Getting there
Performance
Differentiating improvement
in power consumption.
Supply Chain
Doug Marshall
~low volumes / low capex
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 21AUGMENTED / MIXED REALITY: A POTENTIAL KILLER APP
Performance
Only technology that could deliver the
high brightness required for outdoor
applications.
Technology
CMOS integration / hybridization
Color conversions issues
Cost
NeedWHAT’S HAPPENING IN THE SHORT TERM?
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Set up supply chain.
Finalize technology Manufacturing of Test and First high volume More high volume
development dedicated ramp up consumer products consumer products ?
equipment
Remaining technical and manufacturing Niche product only (where µLED
challenges prove to difficult to overcome. performance are highly differentiating)
µLED remain too expensive & difficult to manufacture
for high volume consumer applications, and or
Crash and burn: no µLEDs displays?
incumbent technology keep improving too fast
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 23Opportunities for
Equipment and Material
Suppliers
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 24REMAINING ROADBLOCKS
MicroLED chip
Epitaxy Assembly Technologies: Defect Management Others
architecture:
• Need improved • Many applications require • Efficiency of massively pick • Systematic pixel • Color
wavelength µLED die size below 10 µm, & place (P&P) processes redundancy could increase conversion:
Technology
homogeneity vs as low as 2 µm. At those sizes, decrease for larger displays cost and is not feasible in need high
current efficiency is only 1-10% vs. up to with low pixel densities. displays with high pixel flux
standards. 70% for traditional LEDs. At • Challenging to manipulate density. resistant
• Requires lower those levels, µLED can’t deliver die size below 10µm which • Individual pixel repair is QDs
epi-defects: on one of their key promises: are required in most challenging, can be costly and/or
cleaner substrates. lower energy consumption. applications. and is not doable with nano-
monolithic µLED arrays. phosphors.
• Need improved • The LED industry's existing • Challenging alignment and • Need to develop
clean rooms and infrastructure and positioning accuracy specific testing and
Manufacturing
reactor equipment are not requirements. laser repair tools.
cleanliness. suitable for µLED: requires • Equipment not available • Need to develop
• Improving better clean rooms (class commercially. specific electrode
homogeneity might 100 or better) + high deposition tools to
require single resolution lithography individually connect
wafer reactors. tools (steppers vs mask pixels.
aligners)
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 25Conclusion ©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 26
CONCLUSIONS
Large video
• MicroLED is inherently more complex displays
than OLED and LCD.
Smartwatches TV
• MicroLED won’t completely displace and wearables Sony
OLED and LCD.
LG
• MicroLED could end up dominating a few Apple
Smartphones
Virtual reality
niches: wearable,AR/MR/HUD
• MicroLED could compete with OLED on Samsung
the very high end of the market in various Oculus
Laptops and
other applications… Augmented/Mixed MicroLED TV prototype (Sony, CES 2012) convertibles
Reality
• …or not.
HP
Microsoft Automotive Tablets
• In any case, several opportunities among HUD
the supply chain for equipment and
material suppliers BMW Acer
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 27Thank You!
Visit us at booth B1-1434
©2017 | www.yole.fr | MicroLED Displays 28You can also read
