North America Credit Markets Update - 3Q 2020 - S&P Global

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North America Credit
                                  Markets Update – 3Q 2020
                                  Nicole Serino, Associate – Credit Markets Research
                                               nicole.serino@spglobal.com
                                  Abhik Debnath, Lead Analyst – Research
                                               abhik.debnath@spglobal.com
                                  Sudeep Kesh, Head of Credit Markets Research
                                               sudeep.kesh@spglobal.com
                                  Yucheng Zheng, Associate – North America Credit Research
                                               yucheng.zheng@spglobal.com
                                  Evan Gunter, Director- Ratings Performance Analytics
                                               evan.gunter@spglobal.com

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Financing Conditions
                      Highlights

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North America Financing | Spreads Tighten and Stabilize Across Ratings

                       (Bps)                         Spreads By Rating Categories
                                                                                                                                            –    The U.S. corporate credit market
                         3,000                                                                                                                   has largely stabilized. After credit
                                                                                                                            GFC Peak             spreads widened in late March to
                         2,500                                                                                                                   the widest seen since the Global
                                                                                                                            Beginning            Financial Crisis, spreads have both
                         2,000                                                                                              Of 2020              tightened and differentiated.
                                                                                                                                                 Investment-grade credits saw a
                                                                                                                            COVID
                         1,500
                                                                                                                            Peak
                                                                                                                                                 meaningful reduction in risk
                                                                                                                                                 premium after actions by the
                         1,000                                                                                              Week                 Federal Reserve.
                                                                                                                            Average*
                                                                                                                                            –    Investment-grade spreads remain
                            500                                                                                             As of Aug.           31 bps wider than the beginning of
                                                                                                                            31, 2020             the year (152 bps at present), after
                                  0
                       C              AAA   AA           A     BBB           BB              B   CCC     US IG   US SG                           reaching a peak of 335 bps on
                                                                                                                                                 March 24.
                       (bps)                                                                                               GFC Peak
                                                                                                                                            –    Speculative-grade spreads also
                      2,000                                                                                                                      contracted considerably after
                                                                                                                           Beginning
                                                                                                                           Of 2020               widening to 991 bps on March 23,
                      1,500                                                                                                                      before easing to 544 bps as of Aug.
                                                                                                                           COVID Peak
                                                                                                                                                 31. ‘CCC’ spreads (the riskiest
                      1,000
                                                                                                                                                 category), is at par with distressed
                                                                                                                           Week
                           500                                                                                                                   levels i.e.1000 basis points above
                                                                                                                           Average*
                                                                                                                                                 treasury.
                                                                                                                           As of Aug.
                              0                                                                                            31, 2020
                                                 US IG                                           US SG
                       C
                                                             *Week Average is calculated from Aug. 27 to Aug. 31 spreads. Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source:
                                                             S&P Global Ratings Research, Thomson Reuters.
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North America | Corporate Issuance
                                              New Financial and NonFinancial Bond Issuance
                             ($ Bil.)                2019, Investment-Grade                           2019, Speculative-Grade
                                                     2020, Investment-Grade                           2020, Speculative-Grade                    –    Investment-grade issuance overtook
                                 1,500
                                                                                                                                                      2019 year-to-date levels in late March
                                                    Fed Policy Actions
                                 1,200
                                                                                                                                                      following the announcement from the
                                                                                                                                                      U.S. Federal Reserve on an economic
                                                                                                                                                      stimulus package.
                                   900
                                                                                                                                                 –    This was mainly driven by investment-
                                                                                                            Issuance continues to                     grade issuance, which is now 70%
                                   600
                                                                                                            strengthen mid-2020 after
                                                                                                                                                      higher than the 2019 year-to-date
                                                                                                            record high issuance from
                                   300                                                                      March                                     volume. Speculative-grade issuance,
                                                                                                                                                      although is still seeing more risk
                                       0                                                                                                              aversion for the lowest rated issuers, is
                                                                                            l
                                                                                                                                                      marginally above its 2019 level on a

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                                                                                                                                                      year-to-date basis.

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                                  ($ Bil.)
                                                                       North America New Bond Issuance YTD (Through August)
                                 2,000
                                                                                                                                                                                        US - Overall

                                 1,500                                                                                                                                                  Financial

                                                                                                                                                                                        Nonfinancials
                                 1,000
                                                                                                                                                                                        Investment-
                                                                                                                                                                                        Grade
                                    500                                                                                                                                                 Speculative-
                                                                                                                                                                                        Grade

                                       0
                             C                     2016 YTD                  2017 YTD                        2018 YTD                 2019 YTD                  2020 YTD

                                                                  YTD figures through Aug. 31 for years from 2016 to 2020. Data including both Financials and Non-Financials. Source: S&P
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Corporate Issuance| North America
                                                    North America Cumulative Corporate Bond Issuance
                                                    2009               2015                  2016       2017           2018             2019            2020
                                   ($ Bil.)

                                  1,800

                                  1,500

                                  1,200

                                    900

                                    600

                                    300

                                        0
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                                                     Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings, Thomson Financial. Note: Corporate data includes financial and
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Maturing Debt | North America Financial and Non-Financial
                    Top 25 Deals Set To Mature Through Oct. 2020
                                  Maturity                                                                                          S&P Issue -                                               Issuance (US
                     Issue Date               Issuer                           Country Sector                        Market Place                 Security Description             Currency
                                  Date                                                                                              Rating                                                    $ Million)

                     9/11/2013    9/15/2020   Verizon Communications Inc U.S.                  Telecommunications U.S. Public       BBB+          4.500% Global Notes due '20      USD        3994.8
                     9/14/2012    10/15/2020 Reynolds Group Holdings Inc U.S.                  Consumer Products     EURO/144A      B+            5.750% Senior Notes due '20      USD        3250
                     3/22/2013    10/15/2020 HJ Heinz Co                       U.S.            Consumer Products     EURO/144A      BB-           4.250% Sr Sec Bonds due '20      USD        3100
                     9/30/2015    10/15/2020 HP-Enterprise,Software Bus U.S.                   High Technology       EURO/144A      BBB           Gtd Sr Notes due '20             USD        2999.16
                     10/14/2010   10/15/2020 JPMorgan Chase & Co               U.S.            Banks                 U.S. Public    A+            4.250% Global Bonds due '20      USD        2736.53
                     10/19/2015   10/26/2020 Citigroup Inc                     U.S.            Banks                 U.S. Public    A-            2.650% Global Bonds due '20      USD        2696.98
                     10/22/2015   10/29/2020 JPMorgan Chase & Co               U.S.            Banks                 U.S. Public    A             2.550% Global Notes due '20      USD        2497.43
                     10/14/2015   10/19/2020 Bank of America Corp              U.S.            Banks                 U.S. Public    A-            2.625% Global MTNs due '20       USD        2249.26
                     10/13/2017   10/20/2020 Citibank NA                       U.S.            Banks                 U.S. Public    A+            2.125% Senior Notes due '20      USD        2099.27
                     10/18/2017   10/26/2020 Royal Bank Of Canada              Canada          Banks                 U.S. Public    AA-           2.150% Sr Med Term Nts due '20 USD          1998.84
                     9/9/2015     9/1/2020    Gilead Sciences Inc              U.S.            Healthcare            U.S. Public    A-            2.550% Senior Notes due '20      USD        1996.4

                     9/13/2010    9/16/2020   General Electric Capital Corp U.S.               Financial Institution U.S. Public    AA+           4.375% Global MTNs due '20       USD        1984.34
                     9/16/2010    9/23/2020   JPMorgan Chase & Co              U.S.            Banks                 Euro Public    A+            3.875% Medium-Term Nts due '20 EUR          1954.89
                     9/15/2010    10/15/2020 Energy Transfer Equity LP         U.S.            Utility               U.S. Public    BB-           7.500% Global Notes due '20      USD        1800
                     9/13/2013    10/1/2020   Tenet Healthcare Corp            U.S.            Healthcare            EURO/144A      B+            6.000% Sr Secured Nts due '20    USD        1800
                     9/20/2012    10/15/2020 Valeant Pharms Intl Inc           Canada          Healthcare            EURO/144A      BB-           6.375% Sr Unsecurd Nts due '20   USD        1750
                                                                                               Media &
                     10/2/2018    10/1/2020   Comcast Corp                     U.S.                                  U.S. Public    A-            3.300% Gtd Global Nts due '20    USD        1749.51
                                                                                               Entertainment
                     9/6/2018     9/17/2020   Halfmoon Parent Inc              U.S.            Finance Company       EURO/144A      A-            3.200% Sr Unsecurd Nts due '20   USD        1748.62
                     10/13/2015   10/15/2020 Fidelity Natl Info Svcs Inc       U.S.            High Technology       U.S. Public    BBB           3.625% Global Notes due '20      USD        1747.71
                     10/18/2010   10/25/2020 Wal-Mart Stores Inc               U.S.            Retail/Restaurants    U.S. Public    AA            3.250% Global Notes due '20      USD        1743.33
                     4/14/2011    10/1/2020   Texas Competitive Electric       U.S.            Utility               EURO/144A      CCC           11.500% Sr Secured Nts due '20   USD        1737.66
                     8/9/2010     9/15/2020   Ally Financial Inc               U.S.            Financial Institution EURO/144A      B             7.500% Senior Notes due '20      USD        1734.53
                     9/23/2013    10/15/2020 Denali Inc                        U.S.            Capital Goods         EURO/144A      BB+           5.625% Notes due '20             USD        1500
                     10/23/2013   10/15/2020 SanDisk Corp                      U.S.            High Technology       U.S. Private   NR            0.500% Cvt Senior Nts due '20    USD        1500
                     10/23/2015   10/30/2020 Royal Bank Of Canada              Canada          Banks                 U.S. Public    AA-           2.350% Global MTNs due '20       USD        1499.3

                                                           Data as of Aug. 31, 2020 and excludes Sovereign. Red means speculative-grade rating , blue means investment-grade
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                                                           rating, and grey means NR (not rated). Data is for foreign currency only without perpetuals. Source: S&P Global Ratings
                                                           Research.

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2020 Downgrades/Upgrades| Top 20 By Debt Amount (YTD)
                                                                                                                                                             Rating                    Debt Amount
                    Rating Date Issuer                                       Country           Sector                                          Rating To                Action Type
                                                                                                                                                             From                      (US $ Mil)
                    7/22/2020     Wells Fargo & Co.                          U.S.              Bank                                            BBB+          A-         Downgrade      215064
                    3/25/2020     Ford Motor Co.*                            U.S.              Automotive                                      BB+           BBB-       Downgrade      113862
                    5/8/2020      AbbVie Inc.                                U.S.              Health Care                                     BBB+          A-         Downgrade      75619
                    6/19/2020     Oracle Corp.                               U.S.              High Technology                                 A             A+         Downgrade      71249
                    4/23/2020     Walt Disney Company (The)                  U.S.              Media & Entertainment                           A-            A          Downgrade      62702
                    3/25/2020     Occidental Petroleum Corp.*                U.S.              Oil & Gas Exploration & Production              BB+           BBB        Downgrade      43913
                    4/3/2020      Raytheon Technologies Corp                 U.S.              Aerospace & Defense                             A-            BBB+       Upgrade        43294
                    4/15/2020     Finastra Ltd.                              Cayman Islands High Technology                                    CCC+          B-         Downgrade      36029
                    2/14/2020     Kraft Heinz Company (The)*                 U.S.              Consumer Products                               BB+           BBB-       Downgrade      31539
                    2/5/2020      Merck & Co. Inc.                           U.S.              Health Care                                     AA-           AA         Downgrade      27460
                    3/16/2020     Exxon Mobil Corp.                          U.S.              Integrated Oil & Gas                            AA            AA+        Downgrade      24000
                    4/1/2020      Sprint Corp. (SoftBank Group Corp.) U.S.                     Telecommunications                              BB            B          Upgrade        20780
                    8/21/2020     Mediacom Communications Corp.# U.S.                          Telecommunications                              BBB           BB+        Upgrade        20700
                    3/16/2020     Boeing Co.                                 U.S.              Aerospace & Defense                             BBB           A-         Downgrade      20698
                    5/8/2020      United Parcel Service Inc.                 U.S.              Transportation                                  A-            A          Downgrade      20694
                    4/8/2020      Hilton Worldwide Holdings Inc.             U.S.              Media & Entertainment                           BB            BB+        Downgrade      19244

                    3/26/2020     Clarios Global LP                          Canada            Automotive                                      B             B+         Downgrade      19028

                    7/28/2020     Netflix Inc                                U.S.              Media & Entertainment                           BB            BB-        Upgrade        15914

                    2/24/2020     3M Co.                                     U.S.              Capital Goods                                   A+            AA-        Downgrade      14603

                    6/19/2020     Chesapeake Energy Corp.                    U.S.              Oil & Gas Exploration & Production              D             CC         Downgrade      14580

                                                         Data as of Aug. 31 2020, exclude Sovereign, and includes only latest rating changes. Red means speculative-grade rating and
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                                                         downgraded from investment grade to speculative grade. # Indicates Rising Star defined as an issuer upgraded to investment
                                                         grade from speculative grade.

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Ratings
                                  Summary

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Ratings Action| Rating Changes From 'B-' To 'CCC' Top 20 By
                    Debt Amount (YTD)
                                                                                                                                                                               Debt Amount
                    Rating Date   Issuer                                         Country          Sector                                         Rating To     Rating From
                                                                                                                                                                               (US $ Mil)

                    4/15/2020     Finastra Ltd.                                  Cayman Islands   High Technology                                CCC+          B-              $36,029
                    3/24/2020     Bombardier Inc.                                Canada           Aerospace & Defense                            CCC+          B-              $9,287
                    4/17/2020     First Quantum Minerals Ltd                     Canada           Metals, Mining & Steel                         CCC+          B-              $6,000
                    7/21/2020     Clear Channel Outdoor Holdings Inc.            U.S.             Media & Entertainment                          CCC+          B-              $5,835
                    4/27/2020     Hertz Global Holdings Inc.                     U.S.             Transportation                                 CCC-          B-              $5,050
                    5/14/2020     Nabors Industries Ltd                          Bermuda          Oil & Gas Exploration & Production             CCC+          B-              $3,725
                    4/10/2020     GTT Communications, Inc.                       U.S.             Telecommunications                             CCC+          B-              $3,415
                    4/8/2020      Advantage Solutions Inc.                       U.S.             Consumer Products                              CCC+          B-              $3,345
                    4/8/2020      Varsity Brands Holding Co Inc.                 U.S.             Consumer Products                              CCC+          B-              $2,800
                    3/27/2020     CDS Group                                      Canada           Media & Entertainment                          CCC-          B-              $2,745
                    9/4/2020      Cengage Learning Holdings II Inc.              U.S.             Media & Entertainment                          CCC+          B-              $2,580
                    4/30/2020     SM Energy Company                              U.S.             Oil & Gas Exploration & Production             CC            B-              $2,300
                    9/4/2020      McGraw-Hill Education, Inc.                    U.S.             Media & Entertainment                          CCC+          B-              $2,125
                                  Aveanna Healthcare LLC (Aveanna
                    1/3/2020      Healthcare Holdings Inc.)                      U.S.             Health Care                                    CCC+          B-              $2,091
                                  Wesco Aircraft Holdings Inc. (Wolverine
                    8/19/2020     Intermediate Holding Corp.)             U.S.                    Aerospace & Defense                            CCC+          B-              $2,075
                                                                                                  Chemicals, Packaging & Environmental
                    4/23/2020     FXI Holdings, Inc.                             U.S.             Services                                       CCC+          B-              $2,075
                    4/8/2020      Helix Acquisition Holdings, Inc.               U.S.             Capital Goods                                  CCC+          B-              $2,055
                    4/17/2020     Life Time, Inc.                                U.S.             Media & Entertainment                          CCC+          B-              $1,984
                    6/12/2020     AVSC Holding Corp.                             U.S.             Media & Entertainment                          CCC           B-              $1,980
                    4/23/2020     Syniverse Holdings, Inc.                       U.S.             Telecommunications                             CCC+          B-              $1,922

                                                          Debt volume includes subsidiaries. Note: Red means speculative-grade rating. Red means speculative-grade rating. Data as of
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North America | COVID-19 / Oil-Related Rating Actions
                                                                         COVID-19 / Oil Price Rating Actions By Month
                                                      Downgrade                 Downgrade + CW Change     OL Change          CreditWatch Negative
                      450
                      400
                      350
                      300
                      250
                      200
                      150
                      100
                         50
                           0
                                    February          March                             April       May                    June                   July                  August

                     –         The number of rating actions, including downgrades, have moderated since the peak in March (308) and April (387).
                               The number dropped significantly in August, to 35.
                     –         The composition of rating actions has also changed since the beginning of the pandemic. Downgrades now account
                               for the majority of negative rating actions. The proportion rose to 69% of total rating actions in August from 54% in
                               April. The majority of rating actions from June to August were downgrades, resolving the CreditWatch negative and
                               negative outlook placements in the first and second quarters.

                                                    Note: Data includes Sovereign. Data from Feb. 3, 2020 to Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings.
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North America | COVID-19 / Oil-Related Rating Actions
                     The Energy Sector Has Led Downgrades Since February As
                     Issuers Continue To Feel The Effects Of Continued Weaker Oil Prices
                                                                  COVID-19 / Oil Price Rating Actions By Sector
                                                                                   Downgrades   Outlook / CreditWatch Revisions

                      100
                        90
                        80
                        70
                        60
                        50
                        40
                        30
                        20
                        10
                          0

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                                                       Note: Data includes Sovereign. Data from Feb. 3, 2020 to Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings.
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North America | Rating Distribution
                       About 73% Of The North American Nonfinancial Corporates Are Rated Speculative-
                       Grade, Compared With 32% Of Financial Services
                                                                 AAA              AA        A   BBB      BB         B      CCC & Lower

                                                                          0            50        100          150          200           250           300
                                                       Sovereign
                                           Aerospace & Defense
                                                     Automotive
                                                          Bank
                                                  Transportation
                                          Metals, Mining & Steel
                                           Telecommunications
                                                       Forest
                                  NonBank Financial Institutions
                                                       Oil & Gas
                                             Retail/Restaurants
                                                       CP&ES
                                              Home/Real Estate
                                                     Insurance
                                                  Capital Goods
                                                     Health care
                                                          Utility
                                                High Technology
                                           Consumer Products
                                         Media & Entertainment

                                                Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings.
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Downgrade Potential | Outlook And CreditWatch Distribution
                   By Sector
                                            Negative CreditWatch%               Negative Outlook%
                                   80%                                                                                         –    In North America,
                                                                                                                                    downgrade potential
                                   70%                                                                                              remains high as COVID-19
                                                                                                                                    impacts on business and
                                   60%                                                                                              economies remains high.
                                                                                                                               –    By sector, oil and gas still
                                   50%                                                                                              holds the largest percent of
                                                                                                                                    issuers with negative
                                   40%
                                                                                                                                    outlooks, while the auto,
                                                                                                                                    media, lodging, and health
                                   30%
                                                                                                                                    care sectors have the largest
                                                                                                                                    percentage on CreditWatch
                                   20%
                                                                                                                                    negative.
                                   10%                                                                                         –    Globally, potential
                                                                                                                                    downgrades reached their
                                       0%                                                                                           all-time high in July at 1,365,
                                                                                                                                    above their previous record of
                                                  Fo y
                                                 lg y

                                                          st
                                                 e s

                                        an c at s

                                                           e
                                               su S

                                                  Ut l
                                                  m s

                                                           e

                                                           s

                                        M lt h n
                                             Oi /RE

                                                 CP s
                                     sp stit e el

                                                 / re
                                       Ca hn e

                                              to e rt
                                                           i
                                                          t
                                                     Ga
                                   Hi e/d io n

                                                       ct
                                             ta log

                                                      nc
                                            Ho od

                                                       ta

                                                         o

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                                           s p ion
                                                         s

                                           In & E

                                                      ili

                                  co e r p re

                                          ed ca
                                          te f e n

                                                       i
                                                                                                                                    1028 during the 2009

                                                    ot
                                                     t

                                          Au e nt
                                         He tat
                                        m o du
                                                  Re
                                                    o

                                                   ra
                                                    e
                               Ae ial i g/s

                                                   o
                                        ac ut

                                                 l&

                                                 m
                                               or
                                               r

                                             ia
                                              n

                                               i

                                              a
                                                                                                                                    subprime crisis. The tally has
                                             c

                                           un
                                  nc i ni

                                          pi
                                          n
                               na /m

                                       gh

                              Te um

                                                                                                                                    decreased in August to 1,349.
                                      m
                                     Tr
                                      s

                                  ns
                                   al

                                  ro
                                et

                                le
                               Co
                            M
                                  Fi

                                            Data as of Aug. 31, 2020 and exclude sovereign. Media and entertainment sector includes leisure and lodging.
ow the line                                 Source : S&P Global Ratings Research.

                                                                                                                                                                             13

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North America | Downgrade Potential By Sector
                   Automotive, Oil and Gas, Media and Lodging Lead Downgrade Potential In North America

                                                 Current Negative Bias (June 16, 2020)                            5-Year Averages

                                      Automotive (40)                                                                                         75%           –     Echoing global trends,
                                                                              18%
                                        Oil & Gas (73)                                                                                        75%                 North American sectors
                                                                                                      37%
                                   Media/entert (162)                                                                           61%                               including auto, oil and gas
                                                                                    22%
                                                                                                                           57%
                                                                                                                                                                  and media, lodging have
                                            Retail (62)                                         29%
                                                                                                                          55%
                                                                                                                                                                  shown the highest
                                    Capital goods (76)                            21%                                                                             downgrade potential.
                         Consumer products (121)                                                                    50%
                                                                                        25%
                                          CP&ES (55)                                                              47%                                       These sectors have seen:
                                                                               19%
                           Aerospace/defense (22)                               19%
                                                                                                              45%                                           –     Particularly intense revenue
                                   Transportation (29)                   15%
                                                                                                              45%                                                 pressure (auto, oil and gas
                                           Forest (31)              11%
                                                                                                            41%                                                   and lodging, as well as
                         Financial institutions (60)                             21%
                                                                                                       39%                                                        retail);
                          Metals/mining/steel (25)                                                     38%                                                  –     Structural dislocation in the
                                                                                   22%
                                      Health care (55)                        18%
                                                                                                      37%                                                         auto sector before the
                         Telecommunications (21)                                  21%
                                                                                                31%                                                               pandemic; and
                                           Utility (40)                              24%
                                                                         16%                                                                                –     Deleterious effects that a
                                                                            19%
                                  High technology (35)                 13%                                                                                        halt on travel has placed on
                                                                          17%
                                        Insurance (22)           9%                                                                                               airlines.
                                        Home/RE (21)                        17%
                                                                   10%
                                                          0%               20%                        40%                 60%                  80%

                                                               Data as of Aug. 31, 2020 and include sectors with more than five issuers only; excludes Sovereign. Source : S&P Global Ratings
                                                               Research.
ow the line

                                                                                                                                                                                                        14

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North America | Current Vs. Historic Downgrade Potential
                                                         Identifying Downgrade Potential Across Sectors - North America
                                                  80%
                                                                                                                                                                       Automotive
                                                                                                                                     Oil & Gas
                                                  70%

                                                                                                                                                              Media & Entertainment
                                                  60%
                                                                                                                                              Capital Goods
                                                                                                                                                              Retail/Restaurants
                      Current negative bias (%)

                                                                                                                                                                      Consumer Products
                                                  50%
                                                                                Chemicals, Packaging & Environmental Services                Transportation
                                                                                                               Aerospace & Defense                Forest Products & Building Materials
                                                  40%
                                                                                                  Financial Institutions                                       Metals, Mining & Steel
                                                                                                               Health Care

                                                  30%                                                                                                 Telecommunications

                                                                                                                                   Utility
                                                  20%                                                              Insurance
                                                                                Homebuilders/Real Estate
                                                                                          Co.                                            High Technology

                                                  10%

                                                                                 Sovereign
                                                  0%
                                                    0%   5%                              10%              15%                       20%                       25%                      30%
                                                                                               Long-term negative bias (%)

                                                              Media and entertainment sector includes issuers in Leisure and lodging businesses. Long-term bias calculates average
ow the line                                                   since Jan. 31, 1990. Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings.

                                                                                                                                                                                              15

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Ratings Action | Fallen Angels and Potential Fallen Angels
                                            Fallen Angels           Average Potential Fallen Angel
                        50
                        45
                        40                                                                                                                    -     The number of “fallen angels” in
                        35                                                                                                                          North America has reached 19,
                        30
                                                                                                                                                    higher than the year-end tallies since
                        25
                        20
                                                                                                                                                    2016.
                        15                                                                                                                    –     The average number of potential
                        10
                                                                                                                                                    fallen angels peaks at an all-time
                         5
                         0
                                                                                                                                                    high level, surpassing 2009 levels.
                               07 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 20*
                                                                                                                                                    The financial sector continues to lead
                       C     20   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2  20                                                                 potential fallen angels in North
                                                                                                                                                    America, reflecting exposure to their
                                   Potential Fallen Angels Count (Left)                       Debt Amount Affected ($ Bil.)
                                                                                                                                                    weakened clients.
                              12                                                                                                     100
                              10                                                                                                     80       –     For more information, see “'BBB'
                               8
                                                                                                                                     60             Pulse: The Potential Fallen Angels
                               6
                               4
                                                                                                                                     40             Total Starts To Decline From Record
                               2                                                                                                     20             Highs,” published Aug. 26, 2020.
                               0                                                                                                     0
                                      ee
                                         l  er i ve ES ogy li ty est ds tai l ion RE cts er t gas n s se am
                                    st pow ot P& nol Uti For goo Re tat                      e/   u        nt            tio en re
                                ng /
                                        t   o m C h                    al         or om r od a/ e and itu def d st
                                     an A ut                                                        i
                                                                                        H r p d Oil ns                t
                            in
                              i
                                                      te
                                                         c          it
                                                                              ns
                                                                                 p                                         e/ M i
                         / m rch                    h           C ap        ra             m
                                                                                            e
                                                                                                M
                                                                                                  e               l i p ac
                        s       e                 g                                                             ia
                     al      M                 Hi                         T             su                    c      os
                   et                                                               C on                 nan A er
                 M
                 C                                                                                    Fi

                                                                 * Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings.
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Ratings Action | Corporate Fallen Angels With Highest Debt
                                                                                                                                                                 Rated debt amount
                    Date          Issuer                                             To    From          Sector                                 Country
                                                                                                                                                                 ($ Mil.)

                    5/5/2005      General Motors Corp.                               BB    BBB-          Automotive                             U.S.             $291,800
                    3/25/2020     Ford Motor Co.                                     BB+   BBB-          Automotive                             U.S.             $113,862
                    9/15/2008     Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.                      SD    A             Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $79,455
                    3/25/2020     Occidental Petroleum Corp.                         BB+   BBB           Oil & Gas                              U.S.             $43,913
                    6/12/2009     CIT Group, Inc.                                    BB-   BBB-          Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $38,191
                    2/14/2020     Kraft Heinz Company (The)                          BB+   BBB-          Consumer Products                      U.S.             $31,539
                    5/10/2002     WorldCom Inc.                                      BB    BBB           Telecommunications                     U.S.             $30,000
                    9/15/2008     Washington Mutual, Inc.                            BB-   BBB-          Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $29,803
                    9/7/2016      EMC Corp.                                          BB+   A             High Technology                        U.S.             $27,125
                    5/2/2008      Countrywide Financial Corp.                        BB+   BBB+          Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $26,360
                    2/12/2016     Freeport-McMoRan Inc.                              BB    BBB-          Metals, Mining & Steel                 U.S.             $25,812
                    4/1/2011      CenturyLink, Inc.                                  BB    BBB-          Telecommunications                     U.S.             $21,644
                    12/2/2002     El Paso Corp.                                      BB    BBB           Utility                                U.S.             $21,171
                    2/7/1991      Chrysler Corp.                                     BB+   BBB-          Automotive                             U.S.             $20,600
                    5/1/2008      Sprint Nextel Corp.                                BB    BBB-          Telecommunications                     U.S.             $19,585
                    4/30/2014     Navient Inc.                                       BB    BBB-          Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $18,846
                    1/7/2019      PG&E Corp.                                         B     BBB-          Utility                                U.S.             $17,525
                    8/3/2004      AT&T Corp.                                         BB+   BBB           Telecommunications                     U.S.             $17,010
                    6/16/2014     Williams Companies Inc. (The)                      BB+   BBB           Utility                                U.S.             $16,821
                    11/1/2007     Residential Capital, LLC                           BB+   BBB-          Financial Institutions                 U.S.             $16,632

                                                   Data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Red means speculative-grade rating and blue means investment-grade rating. Source: S&P Global
ow the line                                        Ratings Research.

                                                                                                                                                                                     17

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Ratings Action| Weakest Links and Default Rates
                                  North America Weakest Links Rise Near Record Highs, Pointing To
                                  Higher Likely Default Rates To Come
                                                                                                                                     –    North America has seen the
                                        Weakest Links Counts (Left)                                                                       number of weakest fall since
                                        Weakest Links Share Of Speculative-Grade Population (Right)                                       June but remains well above
                                        North America 12 Month Trailing Speculative -Grade Default Rate (Right)                           pre-crisis levels (27% of the
                           500                                                                                            30%             speculative-grade population).
                                                                                                                                          Weakest links are issuers rated
                           450
                                                                                                                                          ‘B-’ and below on negative
                                                                                                                          25%
                           400                                                                                                            outlook or CreditWatch negative;
                                                                                                                                          they typically default at a rate 8x
                           350
                                                                                                                          20%             that of broader speculative-
                           300                                                                                                            grade issuers.
                           250                                                                                            15%        –    Default rates are rising in the
                                                                                                                                          U.S. and Canada as credit quality
                           200
                                                                                                                                          deteriorates at the lower-end of
                                                                                                                          10%             the rating spectrum.
                           150

                           100                                                                                                       –    For more information, see “More
                                                                                                                          5%              Than One-Quarter Of
                             50                                                                                                           Speculative-Grade Issuers Are
                                  0                                                                                       0%
                                                                                                                                          Weakest Links,” published May
                                                                                                                                          14, 2020.
                     Au 07

                     Au 08

                     Au 09

                     Au 10

                     Au 11

                     Au 12

                     Au 13

                     Au 14

                     Au 15

                     Au 16

                     Au 17

                     Au 18

                     Au 19

                              20
                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20

                           20
                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-

                        g-
                     Au

ow the line                                               Default Rates as of May 2020. Weakest links and speculative-grade data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings
                                                          Research and S&P Global Market Intelligence’s CreditPro®.

                                                                                                                                                                                          18

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Ratings Action| Corporate Defaults By Reason & Default
                     Rate Trend
                            Confidential                              Distressed Exchanges / Restructuring                Default Tally (Left)
                            Regulatory Intervention                   Bankruptcy-Related
                                                                                                                          North America 12 Month Trailing Speculative -Grade Default Rate
                            Missed principal/interest payments                                                            (Right)
                       100%                                                                                    250                                                                     14%

                         90%
                                                                                                                                                                                             12%
                         80%                                                                                   200
                                                                                                                                                                                             10%
                         70%
                         60%                                                                                   150
                                                                                                                                                                                             8%
                         50%
                                                                                                                                                                                             6%
                                                                                                               100
                         40%
                         30%                                                                                                                                                                 4%
                                                                                                                50
                         20%                                                                                                                                                                 2%
                         10%
                                                                                                                  0                                                                          0%
                            0%
                                  2013     2014   2015   2016      2017        2018          2019   2020*

                                                                                                                     05
                                                                                                                     06
                                                                                                                     07
                                                                                                                     08
                                                                                                                     09
                                                                                                                     10
                                                                                                                     11
                                                                                                                     12
                                                                                                                     13
                                                                                                                     14
                                                                                                                     15
                                                                                                                     16
                                                                                                                     17
                                                                                                                     18

                                                                                                                  20 9
                                                                                                                       *
                                                                                                                    20
                                                                                                                     1
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                                                                                                                   20
                        C

                            –     The U.S. currently leads the corporate default tally with 106 defaults, 65% of the global total.
                            –     S&P Global Ratings Research expects the U.S. trailing-12-month speculative-grade corporate default
                                  rate to increase to 12.5% by March 2021 from 3.5% as of March 2020.
                            –     For more information, see “Global Corporate Defaults Pick Up After Slowing In August,” published Sept.
                                  11, 2020.

                                                            * Default tally data as of Aug. 31, 2020. Default Rates as of July 2020. Source: S&P Global Ratings and S&P Global Market
ow the line                                                Intelligence’s CreditPro®.

                                                                                                                                                                                               19

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Ratings Transitions | Transitions Rates
                       January 2020 to July 2020 Transitions
                       Rating           BBB-     BB+      BB         BB-               B+      B      B-    CCC/C       D
                       BBB-                88.0     3.0     2.0        0.5               1.5    0.0     0.0    0.0        0.0
                       BB+                  1.2    74.8    12.3        6.1               0.6    0.0     0.0    0.0        0.6
                       BB                   0.5     1.9    68.4       13.2               9.4    1.4     0.9    0.0        0.0           –    One-year ratings transitions
                       BB-                  0.0     0.0     4.6       63.0              18.3    5.5     0.9    2.3        1.8                are higher than their
                       B+                   0.0     0.0     0.0        2.8              52.4   23.0     8.3    4.4        0.8
                       B                    0.0     0.0     0.0        0.0               2.0   57.6    22.3    9.2        1.3
                                                                                                                                             historical averages and are
                       B-                   0.0     0.0     0.0        0.0               0.5    1.4    61.5   26.4        3.9                highest at the lower-end of
                       CCC/C                0.0     0.0     0.0        0.0               0.0    0.0     0.6   51.9       39.9                the ratings spectrum.
                       July 2019 to July 2020 Transitions
                                                                                                                                        –    This is particularly visible in
                        Rating          BBB-     BB+    BB           BB-               B+      B      B-    CCC/C       D
                                                                                                                                             one-year transition rates
                        BBB-              77.6      3.4   3.9          0.5               2.0    0.0     0.5    0.0        0.5
                        BB+                5.2     64.2  13.3          6.4               2.3    0.6     1.2    0.0        0.0                from ‘B’ to ‘B-’ , which are
                        BB                 0.5      4.9  63.1         13.6              10.7    1.0     0.0    1.0        0.5                22.8% compared to its long-
                        BB-                0.0      0.0   7.4         55.0              16.6    7.0     2.6    2.6        1.7                term average of 9.3%.
                        B+                 0.0      0.0   0.0          4.1              42.0   23.0     8.9    5.9        2.6
                        B                  0.0      0.0   0.0          0.0               2.8   48.4    22.8   12.2        2.6
                        B-                 0.0      0.0   0.0          0.0               0.5    2.2    55.2   24.3        4.9
                        CCC/C              0.0      0.0   0.0          0.0               0.0    0.0     2.7   36.7       46.0
                        One Year Transitions Since 1981
                        Rating          BBB-     BB+    BB           BB-               B+      B      B-    CCC/C       D
                        BBB-              73.4      4.8   2.3          1.1               0.5    0.2     0.2    0.2        0.3
                        BB+               10.8     66.3   6.4          2.9               1.1    0.7     0.2    0.4        0.4
                        BB                 2.4      8.6  66.3          8.3               2.5    1.3     0.4    0.4        0.6
                        BB-                0.4      2.0   9.0         63.9               8.3    3.4     1.0    0.8        0.9
                        B+                 0.1      0.3   1.2          7.3              64.9    8.9     2.4    1.8        2.0
                        B                  0.0      0.1   0.2          1.0               7.1   62.8     9.3    4.2        3.5
                        B-                 0.1      0.1   0.1          0.5               2.1    9.2    55.0   12.6        7.3
                        CCC/C              0.1      0.0   0.2          0.4               1.1    3.0     7.6   43.8       29.3

ow the line                                           Red covers the downward transitions. Transition Rates as of July 2020. Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence’s CreditPro®.

                                                                                                                                                                                          20

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U.S. Nonfinancials | $4.2 Trillion In Debt Matures
                      Through 2025
                        U.S. Nonfinancial Corporate Maturity Wall
                         (Bil. $)        As of 7/1/2019      As of 1/1/2020                  As of 7/1/2020                       – Maturities now peak in 2025,
                        1000.0                                                                                                      with $948 billion scheduled to
                                                                                                                                    mature.
                          900.0
                                                                                                                                  – Nonfinancial companies
                          800.0
                                                                                                                                    refinanced, paid down, or
                          700.0                                                                                                     otherwise reduced 9% of debt
                                                                                                                                    maturing in second half 2020-
                          600.0
                                                                                                                                    2023.
                          500.0
                                                                                                                                  – New issuance helped lift 2025
                          400.0                                                                                                     maturities by $203 billion.
                          300.0

                          200.0

                          100.0

                              0.0
                                    2020.2H    2021            2022                   2023        2024          2025

                                                  Note: Includes bonds, loans, and revolving credit facilities that are rated by S&P Global Ratings on the respective report date.
ow the line                                       Foreign currencies are converted to USD on the respective report period date. Source: S&P Global Ratings Research.

                                                                                                                                                                                          21

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U.S. Nonfinancials | $1.87 Trillion In Speculative-
                      Grade Corporate Debt Matures Through 2025
                      U.S. Speculative-Grade Nonfinancial Corporate Maturity Wall
                          (Bil. $)                                                                                                       – Nonfinancial companies
                                               As of 7/1/2019       As of 1/1/2020                As of 7/1/2020
                       600.0
                                                                                                                                           refinanced, paid down, or
                                                                                                                                           otherwise reduced 9% of
                                                                                                                                           speculative-grade debt
                       500.0                                                                                                               maturing in second half 2020-
                                                                                                                                           2022.
                       400.0                                                                                                             – Maturities now peak in 2025,
                                                                                                                                           with $512 billion scheduled to
                       300.0                                                                                                               mature.
                                                                                                                                         – New issuance helped lift 2025
                       200.0                                                                                                               maturities by 22% (or $93
                                                                                                                                           billion).
                       100.0

                           0.0
                                     2020.2H      2021            2022                     2023        2024           2025

                                                       Note: Includes bonds, loans, and revolving credit facilities that are rated by S&P Global Ratings on the respective report date.
ow the line                                            Foreign currencies are converted to USD on the respective report period date. Source: S&P Global Ratings Research.

                                                                                                                                                                                                 22

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U.S. Financial Services | $1.25 Trillion Matures
                      Through 2025
                      U.S. Financial Services Maturity Wall

                          (Bil. $)
                                            As of 7/1/2019            As of 1/1/20             As of 7/1/2020                      – Maturities now peak in 2023,
                       300                                                                                                           with $249 billion scheduled to
                                                                                                                                     mature.
                       250                                                                                                         – Financial services lowered the
                                                                                                                                     amount of debt maturing in
                       200                                                                                                           second half 2020-2022 by 4%.
                                                                                                                                   – With the new issuance,
                       150                                                                                                           maturities in 2023-2025 have
                                                                                                                                     risen by 12%.

                       100

                         50

                            0
                                  2020.2H       2021           2022                     2023    2024            2025

                                                    Note: Includes bonds, loans, and revolving credit facilities that are rated by S&P Global Ratings on the respective report date.
ow the line                                         Foreign currencies are converted to USD on the respective report period date. Source: S&P Global Ratings Research.

                                                                                                                                                                                        23

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Related Research

                      – COVID-19- And Oil Price-Related Public Rating Actions On Corporations, Sovereigns, And Project
                        Finance To Date, Sep. 29, 2020
                      – North America: Potholes On The Road To Recovery , Sep. 29, 2020
                      – 'BBB' Pulse: Potential Fallen Angels Remain Stable In August, With Five Outlook Revisions To Stable
                        And Just One Downgrade , Sep. 28, 2020
                      – Oil And Gas Defaults Continue To Climb, Sep. 25, 2020
                      – Risky Credits: The Number Of 'CCC' Category Ratings Stabilizes, Sep. 21, 2020
                      – The Still-High Weakest Links Tally Contracts As Defaults Rise, Aug. 18, 2020
                      – U.S. Refinancing: Maturities Climb Through 2025 After Record Issuance In First-Half 2020, Aug. 11,
                        2020
                      – Global Financing Conditions: Bond Issuance Is Expected To Finish 2020 Up 6% After A Strong Second
                        Quarter, July 27, 2020
                      – Global Corporate Debt Market: State Of Play In 2020, June 25, 2020

ow the line

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              Data color order:               Complimentary colors:           Footer : Never change the footer text on individual slides. Change, turn on or off footer
                                                   Used with accent colors:   by using Insert g Header & Footer g Enter / change text g Click Apply All.
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