Proceedings of the HI European Workshop on Exo-Astrobiology Mars: The Search for Life - SP-545
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SP-545
March 2004
Proceedings of the
HI European Workshop on Exo-Astrobiology
Mars: The Search for Life
18-20 November 2003
Madrid, Spain
SUB Gottingen 7
212 196 952
European Spate Agenty
Agente spatiale europeenneIll
Contents
Preface
Session 1
Atmosphere and Water on Mars
Chair: F. Raulin
Estimation of the Present and Past Water-ice Reservoirs on Mars by Constraints 3
on Exchange between the Atmosphere and the Surface
H. hammer
Ground-based IR Imaging Spectroscopy of Mars 7
J. Bailey et al.
Liquid-like Sorption Water in the Upper Martian Surface - Physical, Chemical and Possible 11
Biological Consequences
D.T.F. Mo'hlmann
Session 2
Radiation
Chair: G. Horneck
A Miniature UV-VIS Spectrometer for the Surface of Mars 17
M. Patel et al.
UV Radiation Effects over Microorganisms and Study of Protective Agents 21
F. Gomez et al.
Use of UV Radiation for Detecting Life Related Phenomena in Planetary Atmospheres 27
D. Gillotay, D. Moreau & C. MullerIV
Session 3
Terrestrial Analogues
Chair: B. Hofmann
Antarctic Analogues for Mars Exploration: A Raman Spectroscopic study of Biogeological 33
Signatures
H.G.M. Edwards et al.
Searching for Fossil Microbial Biofilms on Mars: A Case Study Using a 3.46 Billion-Year 37
Old Example from the Pilbara in Australia
F. Westall, B. Hofmann & A. Brack
Session 4
Lessons Learned from Extremophiles
Chair: A. Pavlov
Importance of the Iron Cycle, Relevance to Mars Exploration 43
R. Amils et al.
Psychroactive Methanogenic Archaea as Analogues to Hypothetic Microorganisms Inhabiting 47
Subsurface Martial Ecosystems
O.R. Kotsyurbenko et al.
Gene Function Analysis in Extremophiles: the m/Regulon of the Strict Iron Oxidizing 51
Bacterium Leptospirillum Ferrooxidans
V. Parro & M. Moreno-Paz
Accumulation and Deposition of Inorganic and Organic Compounds by Microcolonial Fungi 55
R.S. Perry et al.
Deinococcus Radiodurans - a Model Organism for Life under Martian Conditions 59
P. Rettberg, U. De la Vega & G. Horneck
Haloarchaeal Survival over Geological Times and the Detection of Extraterrestrial Halite 63
- Implications for the Search for Life on Mars
H. Stan-Lotter et al.
Detecting Life Traces in Extreme Cold and Dry Conditions on Earth: Possible Analogues 67
of Life on Mars
J. Wierzchos, A. de los Rios & C. AscasoV
Session 5
Meteorites and Planetary Geology
Chair: L. Colangeli
Harvesting Meteorites in the Omani Desert: Implications for Astrobiology 73
B.A. Hofmann, E. Gnos & A. Al-Kathrini
Comparative Analysis of Geological Features and Seasonal Processes in Inca City and Pityusa Patera 77
Regions of Mars
5. C. Manrubia et al.
The Range of Life Habitats in Volcanic Terrains on Mars 81
J. Parnell et al.
Session 6
Planetary Protection
Chair: P. Ehrenfreund
Human Missions to Mars: Protection of and from the Martian Environment 87
G. Horneck et al.
Planetary Protection Technological Needs for Future Mars Exobiological Investigation 91
A. Debus
Session 7
Missions, Instrumentation and Simulation - 1
Chair: C. Cockell
FOELDIX-l: Instrument to Search and Collect Bacteria on Mars 97
Where? Go Toward the South Pole
T. Foldi, S. Berczi & A. Horvdth
Pre-Adamo: A Multi-Step Approach for the Identification of Life on Mars 101
J.R. Brucato et al.
The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Experiment and the Search for Organic Molecules at 105
the Martian Surface
C. Szopa et al.VI
Session 8
Missions, Instrumentation and Simulation - II
Chair: A. Penny
EXPOSE - The ESA Exposure Facility on the ISS: Exobiology Research Activity in Support 111
to the Future Missions to Mars
P. Baglioni & R. von Heise- Rotenburg
MEDUSA (Martian Environmental Dust Systematic Analyser) for the Monitoring of the 119
Martian Atmospheric Dust and Water Vapour
L. Colangeli et al.
Molecular Biology for Life Detection (MoBiLD) on Mars 123
J. Gomez-Elvira et al.
Recognizing the Geological Signature of Early Life on Earth and Mars 127
E.J. Javaux et al
EXTENDED-MIRAS: The Instrumental Approach for the Search of Traces of Extinct and 131
Extant Life on Mars, Measuring Scenario
J. Popp et al.
Session 9
Other Fields Related to Exo/Astrobiology
Chair: A. Brack
Effect of Metal Ions on the Efficiency of DNA Amplification. Implications for Nucleic Acid 137
Replication During Early Stages of Life
E. Ldzaro et al.
Cyborg Systems as Platforms for Computer-Vision Algorithm-Development for Astrobiology 141
P.C. Mcguire et al.
The Eutectic Phase in Water Ice: A Microenvironment Conducive to Non-Enzymatic 145
Biopolymer Formation
P. A. Monnard, D. W. Deamer & J. W. Szostak
Search for Microbial Life in the Deep Sub-Seafloor: Preliminary Results from ODP LEG 201 149
R. Warthmann et al.
The Problem of Searching for Morphopatterns in Bacterial-Like Biosignatures in Martian 153
Rocks: Lessons from Escherichia Coli Colonies
J.M. Gomez-Gomez, D. Hochberg & J.A. Rodriguez Manfredi
Observing Mars with Schiaparelli's Telescope 157
A. Bernagozzi, A. Testa & P. TucciVll
Posters
(In alphabetical order by first author)
Frozen Volcanic Tefra-New Terrestrial Earth Analog of Martian Ecosystems 161
A. Abramov et al.
Unexpected Eukaryotic Diversity in the Tinto River (SW Spain): An Extreme Acidophilic 163
Environment
A. Aguilera & R. Amils
Evolution of the Martian Surface Pressure: Implications for the Planetary Surface Environment 165
U. V. Amerstorfer et al.
Search For Stromatolite-Like Structures in the Martian Environment 167
C.Bartolini, M. Benelli & B. Cavalazzi
Nonlinear Analysis of the Viking Lander 2 Labelled Release Data 169
G. Bianciardi
Atomic Force Microscopy Studies of Bacteria from Natural Environments 171
A. V. Bolshakova et al.
Organics in Deeply Buried Fossil Soils Cored during the Ocean Drilling Program (LEG 197): 173
Their Model Formation and Use as Test Beds for Mars Soil Analogues
R. Bonaccorsi
Separation and Characterization of N-Heterocyclic Compounds from an Interstellar 175
Mineral Matrix
J.H. Bredehoft, W. Thiemann & U. Meierhenrich
Mars Analogue Test Site Proposal - North Pole Dome, Western Australia 177
A. Brown
Mapping Hydrothermal Systems on Mars Using Short Wave Infrared Reflectance (SWIR) Spectroscopy 179
A. Brown
Near Infrared Spectra of the Martian Surface 181
S. Chamberlain et al.
Thermal Properties of Biogenic and Nonbiogenic Carbonates: Implications for the Search for Life on Mars 183
P. Coll et al.
Mars Exploration: The Human Aspect. Impact of Extra-Terrestrial Exploration on Humanity 185
N. Colombo
Assessments for Possible Habitability in Martian Polar Environments: Fundaments Based 187
in Ice Screening of UV Radiation
C. Cordoba-Jabonero et al.Vlll A Study of Treelines in Pico de Orizaba and some Exobiological Implications with Mars 189 L Cruz-Kuri, C.P. McKay & R. Navarro-Gonzdlez The Martian Atmosphere - as a Type of Future Exoplanetary Atmospheres 191 T. Csengeri Studies of Lichens from High Mountain Regions in Outer Space: The Biopan Experiment 193 R. De la Torre et al. Atlantis Basin, Mars: Geologic Setting and Astrobiological Implications 195 M.A. de Pablo & A.G. Fairen In the Context of Panspermia: May Lichens Serve as Shuttles for their Bionts in Space? 197 J.P. de Veraetal. Enzymatic Activity and Ultrastuctural Aspects of Non-Differentiated Tissues and of Plantlets 199 Maintained in Shielded Magnetic Field C.Dobrotaetal. Prime Candidate Sites for the Astrobiological Exploration of Mars According to its 201 Hydrogeological History A.G. Fairen et al. Effects of Embedding Halobacterium SP. NRC-1 in Salt Crystals and Potential 203 Implications for Long Term Preservation S. Fendrihan, S. Leuko & H. Stan-Lotter On the Habitability of Earth and Mars 205 S. Franck, C. Bounama & W. von Bloh Molecular Ecology of the Tinto River, an Extreme Acidic Environment of Astrobiology Interest 207 E. Gonzalez-Toril & R. Amils Implications of Dielectric Properties of the Martian Surface Soil on the Search for 209 Subsurface Liquid Water or Ice Reservoirs W. Hyden et al. Cyanobacterial Extremophile Colonisation of Hydromagnesite: A Putative Analogue for Martian 211 "White Rock" Sites S.E. Jorge Villar, H.G.M. Edwards & M. J. Russell Initial Stage of the Mars Evolution might be Suitable for a Life Appearance because of 213 Greenhouse Effect. Theoretical Model A. V. Karnaukhov The Knowledge about Possible Mechanisms of the Life Adaptation to Modern Environment 215 on Mars as the Basis for the Search of Martian Life V.N. Karnaukhov & A. V. Karnaukhov "Winds" Inside Regolith- Simple Method for Subsurface Analysis on Mars 217 A. Kereszturi Competing Hypotheses for the Northwestern Slope Valleys, Mars 219 E.S. Kite
IX The Importance of Exobiological Research in Preparation for Human Missions to Mars 221 G. Kminek et al. Simulation of the UV-Irradiation at the Martian Surface for Exobiology Experiments 223 C. Kolb et al. The Meteoritic Input on Mars - Influence on Organic Geochemistry 225 C.Kolbetal. Dichotomous Conception of Planets Origin: Common Past of Mars and Earth 227 V. Kompanichenko Experiments of the Effects of Space Environmental Factors on DNA and Nucleoproteins 229 G. Kovdcs et al. Live/Dead® Kit: A Powerful Tool to Detect Haloarchaeal Survival (and Life?) in Unknown 231 Environmental Samples S. Leuko et al. Volcanism and Erosion in Sabaea Terra: Implications for Planetary History of a New Image 233 from the Mars Odyssey Orbiter G. Lozano et al. Mars Subsoil Low Frequency Electromagnetic Sounding 235 R. Marcialis, C. Ottonello & S. Pagnan Mars Analog Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE), a Simulated Mars 237 Drilling Project MARTE Scientific Team, Contact person: D.C. Ferndndez-Remolar Amino Acid Analysis Intended on the Martian Surface 239 U.J. Meierhenrich et al. Do Endogenous Pigments Protect Bacillus Spores against UV-Radiation? 241 R. Moeller et al. Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Antarctic Endoliths and Epiliths 243 CD. Moody, H.G.M. Edwards & M.R. Worland Organic Characterization of Atacama Soils Along a North-to-South Precipitation Gradient 245 R. Navarro-Gonzdlez, P. Molina & C.P. McKay A Different Approach to Measure the Cell Survival of Deinococcus Radiodurans 249 J. Nellen, P. Rettberg & G. Homeck Fungal and Fern Spores in Space Simulation Experiments 251 K. Neuberger et al. Lithobionts - Ecological Niches for Life in Lithic Habitats: Models for Searching Past Life on Mars 253 & Onofri, C. Cockell, H. Edwards et al. Possible Detection of Apatite by Infrared Spectroscopic on Mars 255 E. Palomba et al.
The Importance of Chemicals from the Transition Zone to Chemical Evolution 257 R.S. Perry & V.M. Kolb ~ Bacterial Diversity in Desert Varnish 259 R.S. Perry et al. In Situ Analysis of the Martian Soil: Decoding Complex Chromatograms of Organic 261 Molecules of Exobiological Interest M. C. Pietrogrande et al. Prebiotic Formation of Amino Acids and Peptides and a Possible Origin of Homochirality 263 K. Plankensteiner, H. Reiner & B.M. Rode Possible Crypto-Biotic-Crust on Mars? 265 T. Pocs et al. Searching for Spectral Signatures of Fossils: Modelling and Applications 267 R. Politi et al. Volcano Activity as Transformers from Mineral to Organic 269 O. Potashko Electrochemical Studies of Atacama Desert Soils: An Analog of Martian Surface Chemistry 271 R.C. Quinnetal. Planetary Underground Tool (PLUTO) for Future Astrobiological Missions to Mars 273 L. Richter et al. Viability and Morphology of Halobacterium Species Following Desiccation 275 - Implications for Contaminants on Mars 5. Rittmann et al. Educational Games: A Funny Way to Teach Astrobiology 277 T. Rodrigues & F. Carrapico Methanogenesis in the Extreme Acidic Conditions of the Tinto River 279 N. Rodriguez, R. Amils & J.L. Sanz Should Paleoshorelines of Ancient Martian Oceans be Close to Present-Day Equipotential Surfaces? 281 J. Ruiz et al. Simulation of the Martian Atmosphere for Exobiology Experiments with Special Emphasis 283 on the Water Content S. Sacher et al. Spreading Data on Mars Exploration 285 C. Santana Gil, J.A. Fernandez Moreno & L. Andrin Formamide-Based Syntheses and Degradations of Nucleic Acids Precursors in Prebiotic Conditions 287 R. Saladino et al. Differences in Interaction of Comets with Earth and Mars and Consequences of these 289 Differences for Formation of Pre-Biotic Conditions on these Planets Y.G. Serozhkin
XI Comparative Morphology of Martian Debris Aprons and Terrestrial Rock Glaciers 291 A. Sik A Life Marker Chip for the Specific Molecular Identification of Life Experiment 293 M.R. Simsetal. Abiogenic Layered Carbonates Associated with Serpentinization: Why Martian "Stromatolites" 295 might not be Fossils V. Souza-Egipsy et al. Cyanobacterial Responses to UV Radiation 297 C. Streb et al. Astrobiology in Poland - Centre for Advanced Studies in Astrobiology and Related 299 Topics (CASA*) E. Szuszkiewicz Precession-Driven Migration of Water in the Surficial Layers of Mars 301 T. Tokano Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (1835-1910: A Two-Faced Janus 303 P. Tucci Permittivity and Permeability Measurements on Soil Analogues to Support the Mars-Muses 307 Experiment G. Vannaroni et al. Mars Atmosphere and the Quest for Life 309 M. Webb &LA.T.P. Neves Survival and Growth of Halobacterium SP. NRC-1 Following Incubation at -15°C, Freezing or 311 Freeze-Drying, and the Protective Effect of Cations G. Weidler, S. Leuko & H. Stan-hotter Noachian Martian Highlands; The Habitat of Ancient Life? 313 T.E. Zegers, Y.G. Conan & B.H. Foing Participants List 315
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