SANJAY VERMA DIRECTOR - DECARBONIZATION SOLUTIONS 3RD MARCH 2021
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SANJAY VERMA
DIRECTOR – DECARBONIZATION SOLUTIONS
3RD MARCH 2021
1 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L
CONTENTS
• Wartsila In Brief
• Drivers for Decarbonisation
• The Path to Decarbonisation
• Fuel Options for the Marine Industry
• Wartsila and Future Fuels
• Case Study - Hybrid Tug
• Key takeaways
2 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 INTERNAL ONLY
FUEL FLEXIBILITY OPTIMISING TOWARDS ZERO NEW TECHNOLOGY TO
AND FUTURE FUELS ENERGY SYSTEMS EMISSION MARITIME ENABLE A SMART
MARINE ECOSYSTEM
3 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 LNG Marine Fuel Institute
DRIVERS FOR
DECARBONISATION
4 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 LNG Marine Fuel Institute
Emissions from engines can be divided in two categories
Category 1: Local emissions: Category 2: GHG emissions:
health & environment related climate related
• Contribute to deterioration of human health, • Contribute to global warming / climate change
loss of wellbeing • Mainly CO2, CH4 (methane) and N2O (laughing
• Mainly NOx, SOx and particulates gas)
• Also impact the natural environment • Low to no impact on human health or
(flora & fauna) on short term the natural environment on short term
• Impact depends very much on location of • Impact is not dependent on location of
emission. Focus on densely populated areas emission, as climate change is a global
and sensitive ecosystems problem
Sometimes conflicting interests exist between the two. Optimize for one or the other?
© Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L Document ID Revision
IMO TARGETS
Vessel emissions -40% -70%
1 0,6 0,3
Fleet emissions -50%
2008 2030 2050
© Wärtsilä INTERNAL
THE PATH TO
DECARBONISATION
7 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 LNG Marine Fuel Institute
THE PATH TO DECARBONISATION
The fuel perspective
Switch to gas possible? Synthetic
LNG Biogas
methane
Efficient yes
Energy
Generation
The vessel perspective
HFO Liquid Synthetic
MGO biofuel liquid fuel
Power
Distribution
Compatible with todays ships, bunkering infra, safety
experience and regulations. Key to fast market takeup.
Methanol is the dark horse in this discussion. Easy to store,
Vessel
Energy
bunker and burn, it may leapfrog other fuels.
Need
Optimized
Voyage
© Wärtsilä I N TE R N AL
FUEL OPTIONS FOR THE MARINE
INDUSTRY
9 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 LNG Marine Fuel Institute
FUEL ROADMAP – FOCUS ON RENEWABLE FUELS
2020 2030 2050 Pros Cons
• Cleanest fossil fuel, -5 to -20% • Methane slip, must be
Fossil LNG GHG depending on engine type reduced with on/off engine
Bio LNG (well-to-wake/power) LNG techs as novel combustion
Synthetic LNG infrastructure, rules and (NextDF), Oxicat or
regulations exist, fuel is available Sandbed
• Bio/syn GHG -70 to -100%
Fossil liquid depending on source (well to
Bio liquid wake/power)
Synthetic liquid • Clear transition pathway as same
infra can be used for all
• NOx emissions
• No CO2 emissions
• Challenges in handling,
*) green Hydrogen • Can be blended with LNG
spec if liquid (minus
253°C)
• No CO2 emissions • NOx emissions
*) green Ammonia • Can be blended with liquids or • Toxic, not available, no
gases rules & regulations
• Carbon neutral • NOx emissions
*) green Methanol • Can be blended with liquids • Toxic
*) timing depends on the market demand
INTERNAL
3 June 2020
10 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L Document ID RevisionFUEL OPTIONS FOR INDUSTRY 11 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 25 September 2019 Wärtsilä Marine Business / Sebastiaan Bleuanus
GENERAL PROPERTIES 12 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 25 September 2019 Wärtsilä Marine Business / Sebastiaan Bleuanus
ENDURANCE – ON A GIVEN SET UP 13 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 25 September 2019 Wärtsilä Marine Business / Sebastiaan Bleuanus
Development of Engine Technology is ongoing
Time schedule for engine performance
Verified: 2003 Verified: 2015 Indicative: 2020, Verified*: 2022 Indicative: 2020, Verified*: 2025
CH4 MeOH NH3 H2
Bio- or Synthetic Methanol Ammonia Hydrogen
methane
A methanol conversion package We have already Our gas engines are already
Contains about 99% is available for the ZA40 engine technologies that are able to blend LNG with up to
methane and can readily be and we have the technology to capable of using Ammonia. 25% hydrogen, and
used in liquid form with burn methanol. combustion concepts are
equipment made for LNG. The needed combustion specified for 100% hydrogen.
The next step is to industrialise concepts to maximise engine
this technology on the relevant performance and related Our future efforts will be
portfolio engines according to safety technologies are directed towards maximising
market needs. currently being investigated engine performance.
* timing depends on the market demand
14 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3 June 2020
INTERNALHydrogen mixed in natural gas
• Target to study the effect of
hydrogen mixed in NG in lean-
burn DF and SG engines
• Specific caution on safety
• Hydrogen sniffers for gas pipes
• Protective hood above the
engine
• Improved gas ventilation
• Up to 30% of hydrogen in NG
could be used as fuel in Wärtsilä
gas engine after optimized
controls
© Wärtsilä I N T E R NA LLPG, Methanol and Ammonia testing facility in Vasa, Finland
W6L32
Test engine
16 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 Document ID RevisionSTENA GERMANICA – CONVERSION SCOPE
© Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3/3/2021 Toni Stojcevski / Wärtsilä Document ID RevisionGRIEG STAR & WARTSILA 18 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 25 September 2019 Wärtsilä Marine Business / Sebastiaan Bleuanus Document ID Revision
ZEEDS & WARTSILA
Zero Emission Energy Distribution at Sea (ZEEDS)
19 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 25 September 2019 Wärtsilä Marine Business / Sebastiaan Bleuanus Document ID RevisionTHE DECARBONIZATION FORMULA FOR SHIPPING
SHIP
Alternative (green) fuels Electrification
As the combustion engine is Hybrid, Pure Electric, Fuel
an efficient power source Cell
Efficiency
Best is to use less Energy in the
first place
ECO SYSTEM
Logistic Port
Fleet Efficiency Ship Routing Just In Time Port Efficiency
Efficiency Electrification
© Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L Electrical & Integrated Solutions as enabler for decarbonizationWHY ELECTRIFICATION? THE GRID IS ALREADY 50% GREEN IN MANY
COUNTRIES TODAY AND GETTING GREENER IN OTHERS
• National grids have more
and more green energy
sources
• Whenever a vessel is
ashore using and „fueling“
by this grid saves loads of
CO2
• Most ports will have a
shore connection
opportunity in the future
• This needs consideration
for any newbuild
© Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L Electrical & Integrated Solutions as enabler for decarbonizationCASE STUDY
60T Hybrid TUG
22 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3 March 2021Comparison of Propulsion Configuration
DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP Installed Power
Comparison Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
Main Engines Battery Power
Total Installed Mechanical Power: kWm 4,015 3,299 3,396 2,640 4 500
Available Battery Power kW - 1,000 1,000 1,600 4 015
4 000
Battery Capacity kWh - 339 339 565
Main Engine running hours: Hours/year 5,200 3,120 3,094 2,034 3 500 3 396
3 299
Aux. Engines running hours Hours/year 4,068 52 52 -
3 000
Fuel Type MGO MGO MGO MGO 2 640
2 500
2 000
Engines Running Hours 1 600
1 500
6 000
5 200 1 000 1 000
1 000
5 000
4 068 500
4 000 -
3 120 -
3 094
Main Engines DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP
3 000
Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
2 034 Auxilliary Engines
2 000
1 000
52 52 -
-
DM Conventional DM FPP Hybrid DM CPP Hybrid DE FPP Hybrid
23 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3 March 2021Comparison of Propulsion Configuration (Cont.)
DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP
Comparison Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
Fuel Type MGO MGO MGO MGO
Fuel Consumption
Fuel consumption in GJ: GJ/year 32,440 22,250 22,120 20,347
800 745
Fuel consumption in Ton: Ton/year 745 505 502 460
700
Comparison relative to Alt. 1 % 100.0 % 67.8 % 67.4 % 61.7 %
600
El. Power consumption from shore MWh/year 175 200 200 200
505 502
Max Bollard Pull continous (Main Engines only) T BP 63 54 54 40 500 460
Max Time in Peak Bollard Pull Min No limit 22 20 16 400
Max Time in Transit Eco 10kn on Battery Min - 19 19 33
300
Max Time in Transit Eco 8kn on Battery Min - 48 50 83
200
100
DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP
Fuel Cost 523
Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
-
DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP
Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
Fuel consumption in Ton: Ton/year 745 505 502 460
Fuel Cost in USD: USD 389,607 264,130 262,715 240,381
Reduced Fuel consumption: Ton - 240 243 285
Reduced Fuel cost: USD - 125,477 126,891 149,226
24 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3 March 2021Comparison of Emissions
DM DM FPP DM CPP DE FPP
Emissions Conventional Hybrid Hybrid Hybrid
Summary of Yearly consumption of MGO Ton/year 745 505 502 460
Emissions, CO2 Ton/year 2,481 1,656 1,648 1,485
Comparison CO2 - relative to Alt. 1.0 % 100.0% 66.8% 66.4% 59.8%
Emissions, NOx - Tier II (without SCR) Ton/year 58.1 31.5 31.3 22.1
Fuel Consumtion and Emissions Comparison NOx - relative to Alt. 1.0 % 100.0% 54.2% 53.9% 38.0%
Emissions, Sox (without Scrubber) Ton/year 1.5 1.0 1.0 0.9
100,0%
Comparison SOx - relative to Alt. 1.0 % 100.0% 67.8% 67.4% 61.7%
90,0%
Emissions, Particles Ton/year 0.489 0.248 0.247 0.151
80,0% Comparison particles - relative to Alt. 1.0 % 100.0% 50.8% 50.6% 30.8%
70,0%
60,0% DM Conventional Benefits:
50,0% DM FPP Hybrid
• Lower Installed Power 35%
DM CPP Hybrid
40,0%
DE FPP Hybrid • Lower Energy Consumption 40%
30,0%
• Lower Operating Cost 40%
20,0%
• Lower Emission 45%
10,0%
• Improved Performance
0,0%
Fuel CO2 Nox Sox Particles
25 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3 March 2021FOLGEFONN PROJECT Wireless Charging: 26 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L ZERO seminar 2016
JUST-IN-TIME ARRIVAL
VOYAGE
OPTIMISATION
• Simulation of potential
in the port of Singapore
1 600 000 T 540 000 T 160 000 000 € SAFETY
CO2 emissions cut fuel reduction fuel bill savings thanks to reduced
congestion
27 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 Smart Marine Ecosystem 2020KEY
TAKEAWAYS
1. There is no one single future fuel – there will be a whole variety of fuels in use
2. Investing in fuel flexibility and the combustion engine will mitigate compliance and
business risks introduced by future fuels
3. The Wärtsilä DF engine is an excellent choice for introducing future fuels
4. For Port decarbonization electrification will play important role, cold ironing, charging
infrastructure needs to be developed
5. Electric cranes, trucks, lifts, mooring boats, pilot boats, ferries, hybrid tugs etc
6. Use of data on port to promote Just In Time arrival and transparency in port services
7. Policies on chartering and evaluation of tenders needs to be aligned with the
decarbonization agenda
8. Early adopters needs to be rewarded and non compliance to be penalised
9. Government policies need to be aligned with the new tomorrow
28 © Wärtsilä I N T E R NA L 3.3.2021 INTERNAL ONLYYou can also read
